CN110108051A - A kind of disc type solar energy endothermic system and method reducing Thermal Stress - Google Patents
A kind of disc type solar energy endothermic system and method reducing Thermal Stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN110108051A CN110108051A CN201910310649.6A CN201910310649A CN110108051A CN 110108051 A CN110108051 A CN 110108051A CN 201910310649 A CN201910310649 A CN 201910310649A CN 110108051 A CN110108051 A CN 110108051A
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- stirling
- porous material
- material block
- electric hybrid
- thermal stress
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
- F02G1/053—Component parts or details
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of disc type solar energy endothermic systems and method for reducing Thermal Stress.The tracking of disc type solar energy power generation at present is all to move to reflected light convergent point on Stirling-electric hybrid heat head suddenly from overhead, and very big Thermal Stress is generated to hot head material.The present invention in offset tracing mode to the period switched between operation tracing mode, absorbs solar radiation by adding the heat absorption buffer unit for having porous material block, generates hot-air, and uplink heats the hot head of Stirling-electric hybrid, achievees the purpose that preheating.To pattern switching, hot spot is beaten when Stirling-electric hybrid heat head, and hot head has certain temperature, avoids the jump from room temperature to operating temperature.The invention enables Stirling-electric hybrid heat heads to avoid significantly Temperature jump, greatly reduces the impact of thermal stress, to significantly improve the service life and reliability of Stirling-electric hybrid heat head.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of disc type solar energy endothermic systems and method for reducing Thermal Stress, belong to solar heat hair
Electro-technical field is specifically used for the hot power field of disc type solar energy.
Background technique
Disc type solar energy power generation is one kind of solar energy thermal-power-generating, and it is attached that sunlight converged to focus by dish-style reflecting mirror
Close absorber is converted to thermal energy, and drives Stirling-electric hybrid operation power generation.The starting of disc type solar energy electricity generation system is usually first handle
Reflected light converge in deviate Stirling-electric hybrid heat head above it is aerial, after meeting several minutes of service condition, by reflected light convergent point
It moves on Stirling-electric hybrid heat head.Stirling-electric hybrid heat head is quickly heated to running temperature from room temperature, generates to hot head material very big
Thermal Stress, the service life of multiple cold cycling, hot head material will be affected.Especially when cloudy weather, spoke
The amount of penetrating variation is big, and frequent start-stop, suddenly cold and hot brings larger impact to system whole efficiency, and be easy to cause equipment and materials tired
Labor and damage.And light is converged to may bring certain light pollution in the air, influence near skyscraper and birds.
If publication date is on 08 14th, 2013, in the Chinese patent of Publication No. CN203132159U, one kind is disclosed
With the two-stage convergence type solar concentrating system for depressurizing and reducing thermal stress duty；Publication date is on October 02nd, 2013, public
The number of opening is to disclose a kind of variable mirror area trough type solar heat-collector in the Chinese patent of CN103335418A；Although these
Technology can reduce thermal stress, but these technologies are not suitable in disc type solar energy endothermic system.
In conclusion there is presently no a kind of disc type solar energy electricity generation system energy, easy, controllability highland is gone to solve dish-style
The radiation and temperature shock bring Thermal Stress that Stirling-electric hybrid heat head is subject to when solar power system pattern switching are asked
Topic.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the above deficiencies in the existing technologies, and provide a kind of reduction Thermal Stress
Disc type solar energy endothermic system and method.The disc type solar energy endothermic system of the reduction Thermal Stress and the structure of method are set
Meter rationally, can easy, controllability highland go to solve when disc type solar energy electricity generation system pattern switching Stirling-electric hybrid heat head by
Radiation and temperature shock bring Thermal Stress problem.
Technical solution used by the present invention solves the above problems is: the disc type solar energy heat absorption of the reduction Thermal Stress
System, including Stirling engine, Stirling-electric hybrid heat head, cavity and barn door, the barn door are fixed on the arrival end of cavity,
The Stirling-electric hybrid heat is within the cavity, which connects with Stirling engine；It is characterized in that: further including inhaling
Hot buffer unit, the heat absorption buffer unit include porous material block, air-flow supercharging device and shell, the porous material block and
Air-flow supercharging device is respectively positioned in shell, after the Stirling-electric hybrid heat head is respectively positioned on the focal plane of reflected light with heat absorption buffer unit
The position of certain distance, the heat absorption buffer unit are located at the lower section of Stirling-electric hybrid heat head, and the air-flow supercharging device is located at more
The underface of Porous materials block.
Preferably, shell of the present invention have certain air-tightness to avoid in pressurization from side gas leakage.
Preferably, porous material block of the present invention is processed as modular construction as far as possible, in order to replace.
Preferably, porous material block of the present invention is using heat-resisting materials such as oxide ceramics.
A kind of method of the disc type solar energy endothermic system as mentioned reducing Thermal Stress, it is characterized in that: working as the sun
When radiation operates normally desirable value lower than Stirling engine, dish-style tracking system is using offset tracing mode, i.e., anti-
Light is penetrated to converge on the porous material block of heat absorption buffer unit；Porous material block uses heat-resisting material, to avoid local light intensity
Cause greatly very much the case where burning, porous material block is placed in certain distance behind the focal plane of reflected light so that hot spot be expanded to it is suitable
The area of conjunction；When sunlight is radiated on porous material block, the temperature of porous material block is increased, and neighbouring air is added
Heat heating, and near free convection to Stirling-electric hybrid heat head, to improve the temperature of Stirling-electric hybrid heat head.
Preferably, the present invention meets Stirling engine service condition and after certain time when solar radiation, dish
Formula tracking system converges to reflected light on Stirling-electric hybrid heat head, using operation tracing mode so that Stirling engine is just
Often operation power generation.
Preferably, the present invention, in cloudy weather, when radiation value changes greatly, dish-style tracking system is tracked from operation
Hot spot is transferred to porous material block from Stirling-electric hybrid heat head to offset tracing mode by pattern switching.
Preferably, being provided with air-flow supercharging device below porous material block of the present invention；When the temperature of porous material block
When higher, that is, when being up to maximum permissible temperature, using the gas forced convection so that in porous material block is pressurized, with drop
Temperature on low porous material block, avoids burning；When radiating lower, porous material block allows in temperature range at it, then not
With pressurization, give free rein to convection current.
Preferably, the temperature of porous material block of the present invention is determined using thermoelectricity occasionally infrared camera.
Preferably, protection is carried out in porous material block of the present invention neighboring area, spray-coated white paint avoids discrete radiation from causing
Temperature is excessively high.
Preferably, porous material of the present invention coats the superficial film of certain color, according to the actual situation, select appropriate
The film layer of absorptivity and diffusing reflection rate.
Preferably, the present invention is in the case where proof strength and absorption, porous material voidage is as big as possible, it is ensured that increases
Press outlet when forced convertion.
Preferably, porous material block of the present invention puts the sunlight blocked as far as possible into chamber, it is moved through in hot spot
Cheng Zhong realizes seamless interfacing from porous material block to Stirling-electric hybrid heat head.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following advantages that and effect: for current disc type solar energy heat build-up power generation system
It unites in operational process, the amount of radiation mutation that Stirling-electric hybrid heat head occurs, thermal stress is big, and the case where being easily damaged, the present invention is proposed
A set of disc type solar energy endothermic system and method for reducing Thermal Stress.The present invention adds the suction for having porous material block
Hot buffer unit absorbs solar radiation in offset tracing mode to the period switched between operation tracing mode, generates heat
Air, uplink heat the hot head of Stirling-electric hybrid, achieve the purpose that preheating.To pattern switching, hot spot beat Stirling-electric hybrid heat head when
It waits, hot head has certain temperature, avoids the jump from room temperature to operating temperature.In summary several points are improved, and the present invention is retouched
The disc type solar energy endothermic system and method for the reduction Thermal Stress stated, so that Stirling-electric hybrid heat head avoids significantly temperature
Degree jump, greatly reduces the impact of thermal stress, to significantly improve the service life and reliability of Stirling-electric hybrid heat head.And
And preheating utilized be deviate tracing mode be switched to operation tracing mode between solar radiation energy, i.e., tradition track
It is mapped to aerial unserviceable part energy in mode, improves system energy comprehensive utilization ratio to a certain extent, and avoid
Influence of the reflected light to surrounding building and birds when deviating tracing mode.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly and/or technical solution in the prior art, below will be to embodiment
And/or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only
It is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts,
It is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that the disc type solar energy endothermic system of Thermal Stress is reduced in the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure: 1-Stirling engine；The hot head of 2-Stirling-electric hybrids；3-cavitys；4-heat absorption buffer units；5-is porous
Material block；6-air-flow supercharging devices；7-arrival ends；8-barn doors；L-reflected light.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing and by embodiment, and following embodiment is to this hair
Bright explanation and the invention is not limited to following embodiments.
Embodiment.
Referring to Fig. 1, the disc type solar energy endothermic system that Thermal Stress is reduced in the present embodiment includes Stirling engine
1, Stirling-electric hybrid heat head 2, cavity 3, heat absorption buffer unit 4 and barn door 8.
Barn door 8 in the present embodiment is fixed on the arrival end 7 of cavity 3, and Stirling-electric hybrid heat head 2 is located in cavity 3, this this
Special woods machine heat head 2 and Stirling engine 1 connect, and heat absorption buffer unit 4 includes porous material block 5, air-flow supercharging device 6 and outer
Shell, porous material block 5 and air-flow supercharging device 6 are respectively positioned in shell, and Stirling-electric hybrid heat head 2 and heat absorption buffer unit 4 are respectively positioned on
The position of certain distance behind the focal plane of reflected light L, heat absorption buffer unit 4 are located at the lower section of Stirling-electric hybrid heat head 2, air-flow pressurization
Device 6 is located at the underface of porous material block 5.
Shell in the present embodiment have certain air-tightness to avoid in pressurization from side gas leakage.Porous material block 5
It is processed as modular construction, as far as possible in order to replace.Porous material block 5 is using heat-resisting materials such as oxide ceramics.
The method that the disc type solar energy endothermic system of Thermal Stress is reduced in the present embodiment, when solar radiation is special lower than this
When woods engine 1 operates normally desirable value, dish-style tracking system converges to reflected light L using offset tracing mode
It absorbs heat on the porous material block 5 of buffer unit 4；Porous material block 5 uses heat-resisting material, to avoid local light intensity from causing greatly very much
The case where burning, porous material block 5 is placed in certain distance behind the focal plane of reflected light L, so that hot spot is expanded to suitable face
Product；When sunlight is radiated on porous material block 5, the temperature of porous material block 5 is increased, and neighbouring air is heated liter
Temperature, and near free convection to Stirling-electric hybrid heat head 2, to improve the temperature of Stirling-electric hybrid heat head 2.
When solar radiation meets 1 service condition of Stirling engine and after certain time in the present embodiment, dish-style with
Track system converges to reflected light L on Stirling-electric hybrid heat head 2 using operation tracing mode, so that Stirling engine 1 is normal
Operation power generation.In cloudy weather, when radiation value changes greatly, dish-style tracking system is switched to offset from operation tracing mode
Hot spot is transferred to porous material block 5 from Stirling-electric hybrid heat head 2 by tracing mode.
The lower section of porous material block 5 in the present embodiment is provided with air-flow supercharging device 6；When the temperature of porous material block 5
When higher, that is, when being up to maximum permissible temperature, using pressurization so that gas forced convection in porous material block 5, with
The temperature on porous material block 5 is reduced, avoids burning；When radiating lower, porous material block 5 allows in temperature range at it,
Do not have to pressurization then, gives free rein to convection current.The temperature of porous material block 5 is determined using thermoelectricity occasionally infrared camera.
The tracking of disc type solar energy power generation at present is all that reflected light convergent point is moved to Stirling-electric hybrid heat head 2 suddenly from overhead
On.Stirling-electric hybrid heat head 2 is quickly heated to running temperature from room temperature, generates very big heat to the material of Stirling-electric hybrid heat head 2
Stress impact, multiple cold cycling be easy to cause equipment and materials fatigue and damage, and the service life of Stirling-electric hybrid heat head 2 will be by shadow
It rings.In addition, light is converged to may bring certain light pollution in the air, neighbouring skyscraper or birds are influenced.The present invention
The radiation that Stirling-electric hybrid heat head 2 is subject to when energy is easy, disc type solar energy electricity generation system pattern switching is gone to solve in controllability highland
And temperature shock bring Thermal Stress problem, by adding the heat absorption buffer unit 4 for having porous material block 5,
In offset tracing mode to the period switched between operation tracing mode, solar radiation is absorbed, generates hot-air, uplink heating
Stirling-electric hybrid heat head 2, achievees the purpose that preheating.To pattern switching, hot spot is beaten when Stirling-electric hybrid heat head 2, Stirling-electric hybrid
Hot head 2 has certain temperature, avoids the jump from room temperature to operating temperature.In summary several points are improved, described in the invention
Reduction Thermal Stress disc type solar energy endothermic system and method so that Stirling-electric hybrid heat head 2 avoid it is significantly warm
Degree jump, greatly reduces the impact of thermal stress, to significantly improve the service life and reliability of Stirling-electric hybrid heat head 2.
In addition, it should be noted that, the specific embodiments described in this specification, the shape of parts and components are named
Title etc. can be different, and above content is only to structure of the invention example explanation described in this specification.It is all according to
According to equivalence changes or simple change that the invention patent design structure, feature and principle is done, it is included in this hair
In the protection scope of bright patent.Those skilled in the art can do described specific embodiment various
The mode that the modify or supplement or adopt of various kinds is similar substitutes, and without departing from structure of the invention or surmounts present claims
Range defined in book, is within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of disc type solar energy endothermic system for reducing Thermal Stress, including Stirling engine (1), the hot head of Stirling-electric hybrid
(2), cavity (3) and barn door (8), the barn door (8) are fixed on the arrival end (7) of cavity (3), the hot head of Stirling-electric hybrid
(2) it is located in cavity (3), the Stirling-electric hybrid heat head (2) and Stirling engine (1) connection；It is characterized in that: further including that heat absorption is slow
Flushing device (4), the heat absorption buffer unit (4) include porous material block (5), air-flow supercharging device (6) and shell, described porous
Material block (5) and air-flow supercharging device (6) are respectively positioned in shell, and the Stirling-electric hybrid heat head (2) and heat absorption buffer unit (4) are equal
Position behind the focal plane of reflected light (L), heat absorption buffer unit (4) are located at the lower section of Stirling-electric hybrid heat head (2), institute
State the underface that air-flow supercharging device (6) is located at porous material block (5).
2. the disc type solar energy endothermic system according to claim 1 for reducing Thermal Stress, it is characterized in that: the shell
With air-tightness to avoid in pressurization from side gas leakage.
3. the disc type solar energy endothermic system according to claim 1 for reducing Thermal Stress, it is characterized in that: described porous
Material block (5) is modular construction, in order to replace.
4. the disc type solar energy endothermic system according to claim 1 for reducing Thermal Stress, it is characterized in that: described porous
Material block (5) uses oxide ceramic material.
5. a kind of method of the described in any item disc type solar energy endothermic systems for reducing Thermal Stress of such as claim 1 ~ 4,
It is characterized in that: dish-style tracking system is using inclined when solar radiation operates normally desirable value lower than Stirling engine (1)
Tracing mode is moved, i.e., reflected light (L) is converged on the porous material block (5) of heat absorption buffer unit (4)；Porous material block (5)
Using heat-resisting material, to avoid local light intensity from causing greatly very much the case where burning, porous material block (5) is placed in reflected light (L)
Focal plane after so that hot spot is expanded to suitable area；It is porous when sunlight is radiated on porous material block (5)
The temperature of material block (5) increases, and neighbouring air is heated up, and near free convection to Stirling-electric hybrid heat head (2), to mention
The temperature of high Stirling-electric hybrid heat head (2).
6. the method for the disc type solar energy endothermic system according to claim 5 for reducing Thermal Stress, it is characterised in that:
When solar radiation meets Stirling engine (1) service condition and after certain time, dish-style tracking system using operation with
Track mode converges to reflected light (L) on Stirling-electric hybrid heat head (2), so that Stirling engine (1) operates normally power generation.
7. the method for the disc type solar energy endothermic system according to claim 5 for reducing Thermal Stress, it is characterised in that:
In cloudy weather, when radiation value changes greatly, dish-style tracking system is switched to offset tracing mode from operation tracing mode,
Hot spot is transferred to porous material block (5) from Stirling-electric hybrid heat head (2).
8. the method for the disc type solar energy endothermic system according to claim 5 for reducing Thermal Stress, it is characterised in that:
Air-flow supercharging device (6) are provided with below porous material block (5)；When the temperature of porous material block (5) is higher, that is, it is up to
When maximum permissible temperature, using the gas forced convection so that in porous material block (5) is pressurized, to reduce porous material block
(5) temperature on avoids burning；When radiating lower, porous material block (5) allows in temperature range at it, then does not have to pressurization,
Give free rein to convection current.
9. the method for the disc type solar energy endothermic system according to claim 5 for reducing Thermal Stress, it is characterised in that:
The temperature of the porous material block (5) is determined using thermoelectricity occasionally infrared camera.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910310649.6A CN110108051B (en) | 2019-04-17 | 2019-04-17 | Dish type solar heat absorption system and method for reducing thermal stress impact |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910310649.6A CN110108051B (en) | 2019-04-17 | 2019-04-17 | Dish type solar heat absorption system and method for reducing thermal stress impact |
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| CN110108051A true CN110108051A (en) | 2019-08-09 |
| CN110108051B CN110108051B (en) | 2023-09-15 |
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| US20180038310A1 (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2018-02-08 | Zhejiang University | Radiation thermal absorber based on characteristic absorption spectrum, and stirling engine and operation method thereof |
| CN210292387U (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2020-04-10 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | Reduce dish formula solar energy heat absorption system that thermal stress strikes |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102792020A (en) * | 2008-10-13 | 2012-11-21 | 因菲尼亚公司 | Stirling engine systems, apparatus and methods |
| CN102062017A (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2011-05-18 | 唐大伟 | Microscale phase change heat collector for solar disc type heat generation system |
| CN103229001A (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2013-07-31 | 阿尔斯通技术有限公司 | Improved solar receiver |
| CN202254410U (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2012-05-30 | 东南大学 | Vacuum tube solar thermal collector with temperature control function and protection function |
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| JP2016102407A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2016-06-02 | 株式会社クリスタルシステム | Dish type solar heat power generation system |
| CN103335427A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2013-10-02 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Groove type solar direct steam heat collecting pipe |
| CN104061690A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-09-24 | 福建工程学院 | Solar energy heat absorber with increased dielectric absorption coefficient gradient |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110108051B (en) | 2023-09-15 |
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