CN110107899B - Low-concentration gas pulse combustor with flame stabilizer structure and method thereof - Google Patents
Low-concentration gas pulse combustor with flame stabilizer structure and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110107899B CN110107899B CN201910206315.4A CN201910206315A CN110107899B CN 110107899 B CN110107899 B CN 110107899B CN 201910206315 A CN201910206315 A CN 201910206315A CN 110107899 B CN110107899 B CN 110107899B
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- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 141
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 120
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/28—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid in association with a gaseous fuel source, e.g. acetylene generator, or a container for liquefied gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-concentration gas pulse combustor with a flame stabilizer structure, which comprises two parallel low-concentration pulse gas supply pipes; the gas outlet ends of the two low-concentration pulsating gas supply pipes are respectively and vertically communicated with the two ends of the gas shunt pipes; one side of the gas shunt tube, which is far away from the low-concentration pulsation gas supply tube, is also communicated with a plurality of flame holders, and each flame holder is distributed at equal intervals along the axial direction of the gas shunt tube; according to the invention, a flame stabilizer structure is added, so that a better speed field and flow uniformity can be obtained under the optimal design scheme, the upper limit of the air inlet speed of the burner is widened, and the combustion stability is greatly enhanced; meanwhile, the scheme also increases a thickening structure, and solves the problem that the concentration is too low to burn continuously.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of gas combustion utilization.
Background
Although coal resources in China are very abundant, a considerable part of coal beds are in high gas or gas outburst coal beds, about 48% of coal beds directly lead to very abundant reserves of gas resources in China, most of coal mine gas extraction in China is mixed with more air and is single in form, most of gas with low concentration of about 8% in the extraction process is caused to be suddenly high or suddenly low, the concentration of the gas in the part is lower than that of the coal beds, the gas is difficult to maintain stable combustion by using a conventional combustion mode, meanwhile, the concentration is also in the concentration of gas explosion, if the gas cannot be reasonably utilized, only atmospheric air can be discharged, otherwise potential safety hazards are caused, so that a large amount of gas in the concentration is generally discharged to the air after being extracted, 36 trillion cubic meters of gas reserves in China are reported in 2006, the gas with the content of about 150 trillion cubic meters of gas is basically discharged in the process according to the coal extraction of the places of China, serious energy waste is caused by not completely counting the gas with about 150 hundred billion cubic meters of gas in each year, and environmental pollution is caused.
It is well known that methane, the main component of gas, is a serious greenhouse gas, its greenhouse effect and CO 2 Compared with it 24.6 timesThe ability to destroy the ozone layer of the atmosphere is more CO 2 7 times of (3). Therefore, a large amount of low-concentration gas in mines is unavailable and discharged to the air every year, so that the limited non-renewable fossil energy is seriously wasted, and the greenhouse effect and the environmental pollution are aggravated. The combustion heat value of the gas is 35000-39000 kJ/m 3 Meanwhile, the natural gas plays a role of high-quality energy while becoming greenhouse gas, and can be used as a raw material of an energy chemical process in comparison with conventional natural gas.
However, the low-concentration gas has very low combustion content, the heat generated in the combustion process is far less than the heat dissipation in the environment, and the continuous combustion is very difficult, so that the combustion cannot be performed by adopting a conventional combustion device, and a special combustion mode and a corresponding burner are required for the low-concentration gas at the concentration.
Pulse combustion is a special combustion mode, and is not deflagration or abnormal combustion but is in between. The acoustic pulsation generated by the combustion device is stimulated under certain conditions to achieve certain acoustic-thermal coupling with the thermal pulsation generated in the combustion process, so that periodic pulsation combustion can be generated. The state parameters representing combustion characteristics such as pressure, temperature, heat release rate and the like in the combustion process periodically change along with time, and the method has the advantages of high combustion efficiency, larger heat transfer coefficient, smaller pollution discharge and self-priming supercharging, and can effectively treat the combustion of low-concentration gas by using a pulse combustion technology;
because the concentration of the gas source is not a stable value, the low concentration gas pressed into the combustion chamber from the main pipe may have a problem that the concentration of methane is too low, and even in the case of pulsating gas supply of the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber cannot be ignited smoothly or the continuity of combustion in a plurality of pulsation cycles cannot be maintained.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the low-concentration gas pulse combustor with the flame stabilizer structure, which is stable in combustion.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above purpose, the low-concentration gas pulse combustor with a flame stabilizer structure comprises two parallel low-concentration pulse gas supply pipes; the gas outlet ends of the two low-concentration pulsating gas supply pipes are respectively and vertically communicated with the two ends of the gas shunt pipes; one side of the gas shunt tube, which is far away from the low-concentration pulsation gas supply tube, is also communicated with a plurality of flame holders, and each flame holder is distributed at equal intervals along the axial direction of the gas shunt tube;
the outlet end of each flame holder is connected with a burner, and one end of each burner far away from the flame holder is communicated with a tail gas spray pipe.
Further, the flame holder sequentially and coaxially comprises a first cylindrical section, a conical cylindrical section, a second cylindrical section and a third cylindrical section which are in a pipe wall structure from left to right; the diameter of the first cylindrical section is the same as that of the third cylindrical section, the thick end of the conical cylindrical section is communicated and connected with the first cylindrical section, and the thin end of the conical cylindrical section is communicated and connected with the third cylindrical section through the second cylindrical section; the left end bypass of first cylinder section is connected the inner chamber of gas shunt tubes, the right-hand member coaxial intercommunication of third cylinder section the combustion chamber in the combustor.
Further, upper flame stabilizing protrusions and lower flame stabilizing protrusions are symmetrically arranged on the left side of the third cylindrical section in an up-down mode, flame stabilizing cavities are formed in the upper flame stabilizing protrusions and the lower flame stabilizing protrusions, and the two flame stabilizing cavities are communicated with an inner cavity of the third cylindrical section; the upper side and the lower side of the second cylindrical section are symmetrically provided with an upper flame stabilizing inclined tube and a lower flame stabilizing inclined tube respectively; the upper flame stabilizing inclined tube is used for communicating the flame stabilizing cavity in the upper flame stabilizing bulge with the inner cavity of the conical column section; the lower flame stabilizing inclined tube is used for communicating the flame stabilizing cavity in the lower flame stabilizing bulge with the inner cavity of the conical column section; the upper flame stabilizing inclined tube and the lower flame stabilizing inclined tube form an included angle of 40-50 degrees with the axis of the second cylindrical section;
two sides of the second cylindrical section are symmetrically provided with two straight flame stabilizing tubes respectively, and the axes of the two straight flame stabilizing tubes are equal in height and parallel to the axis of the second cylindrical section; the two ends of each straight flame stabilizing tube are respectively communicated with the inner cavity of the conical column section and the inner cavity of the third cylindrical section.
Further, the burner is of a columnar cylinder structure, a columnar combustion chamber is arranged in the burner, an ignition device is arranged in the combustion chamber, a gas distribution ring body is integrally and coaxially arranged on the periphery of the cylinder of the burner, an annular pure methane pressure accumulation chamber is coaxially arranged in the gas distribution ring body, and the pure methane pressure accumulation chamber is separated from the combustion chamber by a heat exchange wall body; the gas distribution ring body is internally provided with a plurality of methane enrichment channels, each methane enrichment channel is used for mutually communicating the pure methane pressure accumulation chamber with the combustion chamber, and the enrichment outlet direction of the methane enrichment channel is perpendicular to the axis of the combustion chamber; the device also comprises a pressurized pure methane supply pipe, wherein the air outlet end of the pressurized pure methane supply pipe is communicated with the pure methane pressure accumulation chamber, and a piston valve channel which is vertically intersected with the methane enrichment channel is also arranged in the gas distribution ring body; a piston valve core is movably arranged in the piston valve channel, and the pushing energy of the piston valve core can block the methane enrichment channel; the electromagnetic push rod motor is arranged at the tail end of the push rod of the electromagnetic push rod motor and is in driving connection with the piston valve core; the electromagnetic push rod motor drives the piston valve core to advance and retract through the push rod.
Further, the method of the low-concentration gas pulse combustor with the flame stabilizer structure comprises the following steps:
the gas source comprises CH 4 、O 2 、N 2 、CO 2 Wherein O is 2 Is of a concentration sufficient to CH 4 Is a combustion reaction of:
CH in gas source 4 When the concentration exceeds 4%, the CH of the combustion chamber is not needed 4 Concentrating; at the moment, controlling each electromagnetic push rod motor to enable each piston valve core to be pushed forward to seal the methane enrichment channel; then continuously supplying gas into the gas shunt tube in a pulse period mode through two low-concentration pulse gas supply tubes under the action of a gas pump; so that continuous pulsating air pressure is formed in the shunt tube, and then the gas in the shunt tube sprays gas into the combustion chamber in a pulsating period through a plurality of flame holders; after the gas in the combustion chamber is ignited by the ignition device, the gas in the combustion chamberForming continuous pulsating flame, and further continuously spraying high-temperature tail gas generated by combustion in the combustion chamber in the form of tail flame through the tail gas spray pipes, and further heating heat equipment by the tail flame sprayed by each tail gas spray pipe; thereby realizing the utilization of the gas;
when the gas source is CH 4 When the concentration is less than 4%, continuously supplying gas into the gas shunt tube in a pulse period mode through two low-concentration pulse gas supply tubes under the action of the gas pump; so that continuous pulsating air pressure is formed in the shunt tube, and then the gas in the shunt tube sprays gas into the combustion chamber in a pulsating period through a plurality of flame holders; CH in gas ejected into the combustion chamber through a plurality of flame holders 4 The concentration is less than 4%, the combustion chamber cannot be ignited smoothly or the continuity of combustion in a plurality of pulse cycles cannot be maintained, and CH needs to be carried out on the combustion chamber 4 Concentrating; at the moment, the pressurizing pure methane supply pipe presses pure methane into the pure methane pressure accumulation chamber, the pressurizing pure methane supply pipe continuously maintains the air pressure in the pure methane pressure accumulation chamber, and then all electromagnetic push rod motors are synchronously started, so that all piston valve cores periodically do telescopic propelling movement, further the methane enrichment channel is periodically blocked and unblocked, and further the enrichment outlet of the methane enrichment channel periodically sprays pure CH into the combustion chamber 4 The pure CH is injected into the combustion chamber by the enrichment outlet through controlling the frequency of the telescopic propelling movement of the piston valve core 4 The cycle and the pace of the gas injection of the flame holder to the combustion chamber are consistent with the cycle and the pace of the gas injection of the flame holder to the combustion chamber; so as to realize the gas enrichment of each pulse combustion period in the combustion chamber and ensure the continuous pulse combustion of the combustion chamber; the high-temperature tail gas generated by combustion in the combustion chamber is continuously sprayed out in the form of tail flame through the tail gas spray pipes, and then the tail flame sprayed out by each tail gas spray pipe heats the heat utilization equipment; thereby realizing the utilization of the gas; at the same time, the pure methane gas in the pure methane pressure accumulation chamber can absorb the heat generated after combustion in the combustion chamber through the heat exchange wall body, so that the enrichment outlet injects preheated pure CH into the combustion chamber 4 And further effectively improves the combustion efficiency in the combustion chamber.
The beneficial effects are that: according to the invention, the flame stabilizer structure is added, a double backflow area is generated in the combustion chamber, a pair of backflow areas are formed in the flame stabilizer, flame stability during ignition is enhanced, the upper limit of the flow rate of fuel gas entering the combustor is widened, a better speed field can be obtained under the optimal design scheme, flow uniformity and combustion stability are greatly enhanced; meanwhile, the scheme also increases a thickening structure, and solves the problem that the concentration is too low to burn continuously.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a gas pulse combustor;
FIG. 2 is a cloud chart of overall burner speed;
FIG. 3 is a partial front view of the reference numeral 114 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional velocity cloud of a flame holder;
FIG. 5 is a partial velocity vector diagram of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a burner configuration;
FIG. 7 is a flow line graph of the outlet of each tail gas nozzle under different second cylindrical section bore diameters.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The low-concentration gas pulse combustor with flame stabilizer structure shown in fig. 1 to 7 comprises two parallel low-concentration pulse gas supply pipes 13; the gas distribution pipe also comprises a columnar gas distribution pipe 12, and the gas outlet ends of the two low-concentration pulsating gas supply pipes 13 are respectively and vertically communicated with the two ends of the gas distribution pipe 12; the side of the gas shunt tube 12, which is far away from the low-concentration pulsation gas supply tube 13, is also communicated with a plurality of flame holders 9, and each flame holder 9 is equidistantly distributed along the axis direction of the gas shunt tube 12; the number of flame holders 9 in the embodiment is 10;
the outlet end of each flame holder 9 is connected with a burner 8, and one end of each burner 8 far away from the flame holder 9 is communicated with an exhaust spray pipe 10.
The flame holder 9 sequentially coaxially comprises a first cylindrical section 4, a conical cylindrical section 3, a second cylindrical section 7 and a third cylindrical section 2 which are in a pipe wall structure from left to right; the diameter of the first cylindrical section 4 is the same as that of the third cylindrical section 2, the thick end of the conical cylindrical section 3 is communicated and connected with the first cylindrical section 4, and the thin end of the conical cylindrical section 3 is communicated and connected with the third cylindrical section 2 through the second cylindrical section 7; the left end bypass of the first cylindrical section 4 is connected with the inner cavity of the gas shunt pipe 12, and the right end of the third cylindrical section 2 is coaxially communicated with the combustion chamber 22 in the combustor 8.
The upper flame stabilizing protrusion 6.1 and the lower flame stabilizing protrusion 6.2 are symmetrically arranged on the left side of the third cylindrical section 2 from top to bottom, the inner parts of the upper flame stabilizing protrusion 6.1 and the lower flame stabilizing protrusion 6.2 are flame stabilizing cavities, and the two flame stabilizing cavities are communicated with the inner cavity of the third cylindrical section 2; the upper side and the lower side of the second cylindrical section 7 are symmetrically provided with an upper flame stabilizing inclined tube 5.1 and a lower flame stabilizing inclined tube 5.2 respectively; the upper flame stabilizing inclined tube 5.1 is used for communicating the flame stabilizing cavity in the upper flame stabilizing bulge 6.1 with the inner cavity of the conical column section 3; the lower flame stabilizing inclined tube 5.2 is used for communicating the flame stabilizing cavity in the lower flame stabilizing bulge 6.2 with the inner cavity of the conical column section 3; the upper flame stabilizing inclined tube 5.1 and the lower flame stabilizing inclined tube 5.2 form an included angle of 40-50 degrees with the axis of the second cylindrical section 7;
two sides of the second cylindrical section 7 are symmetrically provided with two straight flame stabilizing tubes 1 respectively, and the axes of the two straight flame stabilizing tubes 1 are equal in height and parallel to the axis of the second cylindrical section 7; the two ends of each straight flame stabilizing tube 1 are respectively communicated with the inner cavity of the conical column section 3 and the inner cavity of the third cylindrical section 2.
The burner 8 is of a columnar cylinder structure, a columnar combustion chamber 22 is arranged in the burner 8, an ignition device is arranged in the combustion chamber 22, a gas distribution ring body 50 is integrally and coaxially arranged on the periphery of the cylinder of the burner 8, an annular pure methane pressure accumulation chamber 14 is coaxially arranged in the gas distribution ring body 50, and the pure methane pressure accumulation chamber 14 is separated from the combustion chamber 22 by a heat exchange wall 03; a plurality of methane enrichment channels 15 are further arranged in the valve body 50, each methane enrichment channel 15 is used for mutually communicating the pure methane pressure accumulation chamber 14 with the combustion chamber 22, and the direction of an enrichment outlet 20 of the methane enrichment channel 15 is perpendicular to the axis of the combustion chamber 22; the device further comprises a pressurized pure methane supply pipe 21, wherein the air outlet end of the pressurized pure methane supply pipe 21 is communicated with the pure methane pressure accumulation chamber 14, and a piston valve channel 17 which is vertically intersected with the methane enrichment channel 15 is further arranged in the gas distribution ring body 50; a piston valve core 16 is movably arranged in the piston valve channel 17, and the pushing of the piston valve core 16 can seal the methane enrichment channel 15; the device also comprises an electromagnetic push rod motor 18, wherein the tail end of a push rod 19 of the electromagnetic push rod motor 18 is in driving connection with the piston valve core 16; the electromagnetic push rod motor 18 drives the piston valve core 16 to advance and retract through the push rod 19.
The specific operation method, the process and the technical progress of the scheme are finished:
the gas source comprises CH 4 、O 2 、N 2 、CO 2 Wherein O is 2 Is of a concentration sufficient to CH 4 Is a combustion reaction of:
CH in gas source 4 At a concentration exceeding 4%, the combustion chamber 22 is not subjected to CH 4 Concentrating; at this time, each electromagnetic push rod motor 18 is controlled to enable each piston valve core 16 to be pushed forward to seal the methane enrichment channel 15; then, under the action of a gas pump, continuously supplying gas into the gas shunt pipe 12 in a pulse period mode through two low-concentration pulse gas supply pipes 13; so that continuous pulsating air pressure is formed in the shunt tube 12, and then the gas in the shunt tube 12 is sprayed into the combustion chamber 22 through the flame holders 9 in a pulsating period; after the gas in the combustion chamber 22 is ignited by the ignition device, continuous pulsating flame is formed in the combustion chamber 22, so that high-temperature tail gas generated by combustion in the combustion chamber 22 is continuously sprayed out in the form of tail flame through the tail gas spray pipes 10, and the tail flame sprayed out by each tail gas spray pipe 10 heats heat utilization equipment; thereby realizing the utilization of the gas;
when the gas source is CH 4 When the concentration is less than 4%, continuously supplying the gas into the gas shunt tube 12 in a pulse period mode through the two low-concentration pulse gas supply tubes 13 under the action of the gas pump; thereby forming continuous pulsating air pressure inside the shunt tube 12The gas in the shunt tube 12 is sprayed into the combustion chamber 22 in a pulse period through a plurality of flame holders 9; due to CH in the gas ejected into the combustion chamber 22 through the flame holders 9 4 With a concentration of less than 4%, the combustion chamber 22 cannot be ignited smoothly or the continuity of combustion in a plurality of pulse cycles cannot be maintained, and CH needs to be performed on the combustion chamber 22 4 Concentrating; at this time, the pressurized pure methane supply pipe 21 presses pure methane into the pure methane pressure accumulation chamber 14, the pressurized pure methane supply pipe 21 continuously maintains the air pressure in the pure methane pressure accumulation chamber 14, and then synchronously starts each electromagnetic push rod motor 18 to periodically make each piston valve core 16 perform telescopic pushing movement, so that the methane enrichment channel 15 is periodically blocked and unblocked, and further the enrichment outlet 20 of the methane enrichment channel 15 periodically sprays pure CH into the combustion chamber 22 4 By controlling the frequency of the telescopic advancing movement of the piston core 16, the enriched outlet 20 injects pure CH into the combustion chamber 22 4 Is in agreement with the cycle and pace of the injection of gas by the flame holder 9 into the combustion chamber 22; so as to realize the gas enrichment of each pulse combustion period in the combustion chamber 22 and ensure the continuous pulse combustion of the combustion chamber 22; the high-temperature tail gas generated by combustion in the combustion chamber 22 is continuously sprayed out in the form of tail flame through the tail gas spray pipes 10, and then the tail flame sprayed out by each tail gas spray pipe 10 heats the heat utilization equipment; thereby realizing the utilization of the gas; at the same time, the pure methane gas in the pure methane pressure accumulating chamber 14 can absorb the heat generated after combustion in the combustion chamber 22 through the heat exchange wall body 03, so that the enrichment outlet 20 sprays preheated pure CH into the combustion chamber 22 4 Thereby effectively improving the combustion efficiency in the combustion chamber 22.
The structural rationality and technical progress of the burner are verified by adopting a CFD numerical simulation method:
numerical simulation under the grid was done using ANSYS fluent16.0, first checking the grid to ensure that its grid area and volume do not have negative values, regardless of gravity effects.
In the model, the flow process is set to be steady-state flow based on pressure, and meanwhile, since we mainly concern the flow condition of low-concentration gas, the flow process is mainly performed by the methodThis assumes the fluid is CH 4 And the mixed gas of air, and the flow field distribution condition of the mixed gas in the burner pipeline is calculated by adopting a multi-component model numerical value.
Model setting: energy equation, standard K-epsilon turbulence equation, component transport equation;
the material setting: the fluid is methane-air, and the solid wall surface is default aluminum;
boundary condition setting: inlet boundary conditions: a speed inlet for setting the supply speed of the low-concentration pulsating gas supply line 13 to 1.5m/s; outlet boundary conditions: the tail gas spray pipe 10 is a pressure outlet; turbulence index: turbulence intensity + hydraulic diameter;
temperature: 300K;
the components are as follows: 4% CH 4 、19.74％O 2 、2.82％CO 2 、73.44％N 2 ；
The solving method comprises the following steps: SIMPLE single precision, the gradient adopts a least square method based on grids, the pressure adopts second-order windward, the momentum adopts first-order windward, the turbulent kinetic energy adopts first-order windward, and the turbulent dissipation rate adopts first-order windward;
residual monitoring: all parameter convergence accuracy was set to 0.001;
iteration step length: 1000;
initializing, and converging each index to the set precision in the 324 th step in the operation process;
the whole speed cloud picture of the burner obtained after the simulation is finished is shown in figure 2, and the section speed cloud picture of the flame holder 9 is shown in figure 4; the cross section velocity vector diagram of the flame holder 9 is shown in fig. 5; the velocity cloud chart can show that the structure of the double-inlet-air-flame stabilizer 9 can obtain a better velocity field. Meanwhile, due to the existence of the flame holder 9, a pair of backflow areas are formed in the flame holder 9 besides the double backflow areas in the combustion chamber stability 22, so that flame stability during ignition is enhanced, and the upper limit of the flow rate of fuel gas entering the combustor 8 is widened. To prevent accidental results, a total of 4 different groups of simulations were performed at the inside diameter bore size of the second cylindrical section 7, the simulation results being shown in the following table:
the flow line diagram of the outlet of each tail gas spray pipe 10 under the inner diameter holes of the different second cylindrical sections 7 is drawn as shown in fig. 7: it can be seen from the data sheet that the flow uniformity can be ensured in the case that the inner diameter hole sizes of the respective second cylindrical sections 7 are 25mm, 45mm, 65mm, but that there is a slightly larger flow deviation when the inner diameter hole sizes of the second cylindrical sections 7 are 100 mm. The reason is that the size becomes large, and the total resistance of each tube becomes small, but the resistance difference becomes large. Even if the precision requirements are satisfied in the actual engineering.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. Take low concentration gas pulsation combustor of flame holder structure, its characterized in that: comprises two parallel low-concentration pulsation gas supply pipes (13); the gas distribution pipe also comprises a columnar gas distribution pipe (12), and the gas outlet ends of the two low-concentration pulsating gas supply pipes (13) are respectively and vertically communicated with the two ends of the gas distribution pipe (12); one side of the gas shunt tube (12) far away from the low-concentration pulsation gas supply tube (13) is also communicated with a plurality of flame holders (9), and the flame holders (9) are distributed at equal intervals along the axis direction of the gas shunt tube (12);
the outlet end of each flame holder (9) is connected with a burner (8), and one end of each burner (8) far away from the flame holder (9) is communicated with a tail gas spray pipe (10);
the flame holder (9) sequentially comprises a first cylindrical section (4), a conical cylindrical section (3), a second cylindrical section (7) and a third cylindrical section (2) which are in a pipe wall structure from left to right in a coaxial mode; the diameter of the first cylindrical section (4) is the same as that of the third cylindrical section (2), the thick end of the conical cylindrical section (3) is communicated and connected with the first cylindrical section (4), and the thin end of the conical cylindrical section (3) is communicated and connected with the third cylindrical section (2) through the second cylindrical section (7); the left end of the first cylindrical section (4) is connected with the inner cavity of the gas shunt pipe (12) in a bypass mode, and the right end of the third cylindrical section (2) is communicated with a combustion chamber (22) in the combustor (8) in a coaxial mode;
an upper flame stabilizing protrusion (6.1) and a lower flame stabilizing protrusion (6.2) are symmetrically arranged on the left side of the third cylindrical section (2) up and down, the inner parts of the upper flame stabilizing protrusion (6.1) and the lower flame stabilizing protrusion (6.2) are flame stabilizing cavities, and the two flame stabilizing cavities are communicated with the inner cavity of the third cylindrical section (2); the upper side and the lower side of the second cylindrical section (7) are symmetrically provided with an upper flame stabilizing inclined tube (5.1) and a lower flame stabilizing inclined tube (5.2) respectively; the upper flame stabilizing inclined tube (5.1) is used for mutually communicating the flame stabilizing cavity in the upper flame stabilizing bulge (6.1) with the inner cavity of the conical column section (3); the lower flame stabilizing inclined tube (5.2) is used for mutually communicating the flame stabilizing cavity in the lower flame stabilizing bulge (6.2) with the inner cavity of the conical column section (3); the upper flame stabilizing inclined tube (5.1) and the lower flame stabilizing inclined tube (5.2) form an included angle of 40-50 degrees with the axis of the second cylindrical section (7);
two sides of the second cylindrical section (7) are symmetrically provided with two straight flame stabilizing tubes (1) respectively, and the axes of the two straight flame stabilizing tubes (1) are equal in height and parallel to the axis of the second cylindrical section (7); the two ends of each straight flame stabilizing tube (1) are respectively communicated with the inner cavity of the conical column section (3) and the inner cavity of the third cylindrical section (2);
the burner (8) is of a columnar cylinder structure, a columnar combustion chamber (22) is arranged in the burner (8), an ignition device is arranged in the combustion chamber (22), a gas distribution ring body (50) is arranged on the periphery of the cylinder of the burner (8) in an integrated and coaxial manner, an annular pure methane pressure accumulation chamber (14) is arranged in the gas distribution ring body (50) in a coaxial manner, and the pure methane pressure accumulation chamber (14) is separated from the combustion chamber (22) by a heat exchange wall body (03); and a plurality of methane enrichment channels (15) are further arranged in the gas distribution ring body (50), the pure methane pressure accumulation chambers (14) are mutually communicated with the combustion chambers (22) through the methane enrichment channels (15), and the direction of an enrichment outlet (20) of the methane enrichment channels (15) is perpendicular to the axis of the combustion chambers (22).
2. The low-concentration gas pulse combustor with flame holder structure according to claim 1, wherein: the device further comprises a pressurized pure methane supply pipe (21), wherein the air outlet end of the pressurized pure methane supply pipe (21) is communicated with the pure methane pressure accumulation chamber (14), and a piston valve channel (17) which is vertically intersected with the methane enrichment channel (15) is further arranged in the gas distribution ring body (50); a piston valve core (16) is movably arranged in the piston valve channel (17), and the pushing of the piston valve core (16) can seal the methane enrichment channel (15); the device also comprises an electromagnetic push rod motor (18), wherein the tail end of a push rod (19) of the electromagnetic push rod motor (18) is in driving connection with the piston valve core (16); the electromagnetic push rod motor (18) drives the piston valve core (16) to advance and retract through the push rod (19).
3. The method of a low concentration gas pulse combustor with flame holder structure of claim 2, wherein:
the gas source comprises CH 4、 O 2、 N 2、 CO 2 Wherein O is 2 Is of a concentration sufficient to CH 4 Is a combustion reaction of:
when the concentration of CH4 in the gas source exceeds 4%, the combustion chamber (22) is not required to be enriched with CH 4; at the moment, controlling each electromagnetic push rod motor (18) to enable each piston valve core (16) to be pushed forward to seal the methane enrichment channel (15); then, under the action of a gas pump, continuously supplying gas into the gas shunt tube (12) in a pulse period mode through two low-concentration pulse gas supply tubes (13); so that continuous pulsating air pressure is formed in the shunt tube (12), and then the gas in the shunt tube (12) is sprayed into the combustion chamber (22) through a plurality of flame holders (9) in a pulsating period; after the gas in the combustion chamber (22) is ignited by the ignition device, continuous pulsating flame is formed in the combustion chamber (22), and then high-temperature tail gas generated by combustion in the combustion chamber (22) is continuously sprayed out in the form of tail flame through the tail gas spray pipes (10), and then the tail flame sprayed out by each tail gas spray pipe (10) heats the heat utilization equipment; thereby realizing the utilization of the gas;
when the CH4 concentration in the gas source is less than 4%, continuously supplying gas into the gas shunt tube (12) in a pulse period mode through two low-concentration pulse gas supply tubes (13) under the action of a gas pump; so that continuous pulsating air pressure is formed in the shunt tube (12), and then the gas in the shunt tube (12) is sprayed into the combustion chamber (22) through a plurality of flame holders (9) in a pulsating period; because the concentration of CH4 in the gas sprayed into the combustion chamber (22) through the flame holders (9) is less than 4 percent, the combustion chamber (22) cannot be smoothly ignited or the continuity of combustion in a plurality of pulse cycles cannot be maintained, and the CH4 needs to be enriched in the combustion chamber (22); at the moment, the pressurized pure methane supply pipe (21) presses pure methane into the pure methane pressure accumulation chamber (14), the pressurized pure methane supply pipe (21) continuously maintains the air pressure in the pure methane pressure accumulation chamber (14), then the electromagnetic push rod motors (18) are synchronously started, so that the piston valve cores (16) periodically do telescopic pushing movement, the methane enrichment channel (15) is periodically blocked and unblocked, the enrichment outlet (20) of the methane enrichment channel (15) periodically sprays pure CH4 into the combustion chamber (22), and the period and the pace of the pure CH4 spraying from the enrichment outlet (20) into the combustion chamber (22) are consistent with the period and the pace of the gas spraying from the flame stabilizer (9) into the combustion chamber (22) by controlling the frequency of the telescopic pushing movement of the piston valve cores (16); so as to realize the gas enrichment of each pulse combustion period in the combustion chamber (22) and ensure the continuous pulse combustion of the combustion chamber (22); the high-temperature tail gas generated by combustion in the combustion chamber (22) is continuously sprayed out in the form of tail flame through the tail gas spray pipes (10), and then the tail flame sprayed out by each tail gas spray pipe (10) heats the heat utilization equipment; thereby realizing the utilization of the gas; meanwhile, pure methane gas in the pure methane pressure accumulation chamber (14) can absorb heat generated after combustion in the combustion chamber (22) through the heat exchange wall body (03), so that the enrichment outlet (20) sprays preheated pure CH4 into the combustion chamber (22), and the combustion efficiency in the combustion chamber (22) is effectively improved.
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