CN110107447B - High-low speed switching device, hydraulic motor and excavator - Google Patents
High-low speed switching device, hydraulic motor and excavator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110107447B CN110107447B CN201910551052.0A CN201910551052A CN110107447B CN 110107447 B CN110107447 B CN 110107447B CN 201910551052 A CN201910551052 A CN 201910551052A CN 110107447 B CN110107447 B CN 110107447B
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- Prior art keywords
- low speed
- support
- switching device
- speed switching
- steel ball
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene ring Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
- F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
- F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
- F03C1/06—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinder axes generally coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F03C1/061—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinder axes generally coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
- F03C1/0613—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinder axes generally coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders having two or more sets of cylinders or pistons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
- F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
- F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
- F03C1/06—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinder axes generally coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F03C1/061—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinder axes generally coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
- F03C1/0623—Details, component parts
- F03C1/0631—Wobbler or actuated element
- F03C1/0634—Actuated element bearing means or driven axis bearing means
Abstract
The invention provides a high-low speed switching device, a hydraulic motor and an excavator, which belong to the technical field of excavator walking hydraulic motors. The automatic positioning is accurate, and the failure rate is low; the wear resistance is strong, and the stability of the motor in high-low speed switching can be ensured for a long time; simple structure, convenient assembly and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of excavator walking hydraulic motors, in particular to a high-low speed switching device, a hydraulic motor and an excavator.
Background
The excavator is one of the most important engineering machinery in engineering construction, and at present, a common walking motor of the excavator adopts a support plunger to float up and down on a motor shell to change the inclination angle of a swash plate when the high speed and the low speed are changed, so that the motor displacement is changed to adjust the rotation speed of the motor.
As shown in fig. 3, which is a structural diagram of the conventional support plunger, the support plunger includes a support shoe 90 and a support 100, when in use, the swash plate is jacked up by a plane at the bottom of the support shoe 90 to change the inclination angle of the swash plate, after the inclination angle of the swash plate is changed, the swash plate changes the movement stroke of the plunger, and the movement stroke of the plunger changes the displacement of the motor, so that the rotation speed of the motor is adjusted; but the hydraulic oil in the existing high-low speed switching device has large impact on the support plunger, so that the support plunger is easy to wear and has short service time, and the motor has long high-low speed switching time and is easy to fail.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-low speed switching device, a hydraulic motor and an excavator, which have high wear resistance and good use effect.
Embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows:
the invention provides a high-low speed switching device which comprises a shell, a support plunger assembly, a swash plate and nine plunger shoe assemblies, wherein the support plunger assembly, the swash plate and the nine plunger shoe assemblies are arranged in the shell, the support plunger assembly is supported on a first end face of the swash plate, a second end face, opposite to the first end face, of the swash plate is in contact with the nine plunger shoe assemblies, the support plunger assembly comprises a support, a steel ball and a sealing ring, the steel ball is partially embedded into the support, the sealing ring is arranged on the peripheral wall of the support in a surrounding mode, the steel ball is abutted against the swash plate, a spherical groove matched with the diameter of the steel ball is formed in the first end face of the swash plate, and the support plunger assembly rotates by pushing the swash plate so as to change the working displacement of a motor.
Optionally, the support is provided with a ball socket with a diameter matched with that of the steel ball, and the steel ball is embedded into the ball socket.
Optionally, the ratio of the volume of the ball embedded in the socket to the total volume of the ball is less than 1/2.
Optionally, the bottom surface of the ball socket is a conical surface.
Optionally, the bottom surface of the ball socket is a cambered surface.
Optionally, a protrusion is arranged on one side of the support away from the ball socket, and the protrusion is attached to the inner wall of the shell.
Optionally, the sealing ring is a glean ring.
Optionally, the high-low speed switching device further comprises a main shaft arranged in the shell, a cylinder body valve plate sleeved on the main shaft, an end cover is arranged at one end, far away from the support plunger assembly, of the shell, and a balance valve is arranged on the end cover.
Another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a hydraulic motor, which includes the high-low speed switching device described above.
Yet another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides an excavator including the hydraulic motor described above.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the invention include:
the high-low speed switching device comprises a shell, a support plunger assembly, a swash plate and nine plunger shoe assemblies, wherein the support plunger assembly, the swash plate and the nine plunger shoe assemblies are arranged in the shell, the support plunger assembly is supported on a first end face of the swash plate, a second end face, opposite to the first end face, of the swash plate is contacted with the nine plunger shoe assemblies, the support plunger assembly comprises a support, a steel ball and a sealing ring, the steel ball is partially embedded into the support, the sealing ring is arranged on the peripheral wall of the support in a surrounding mode, the steel ball is abutted against the swash plate, a spherical groove matched with the diameter of the steel ball is formed in the first end face of the swash plate, and the support plunger assembly rotates by pushing the swash plate so as to change the working displacement of a motor. The high-low speed switching device provided by the embodiment of the invention can be positioned accurately automatically and has low failure rate; the wear resistance is strong, and the stability of the motor in high-low speed switching can be ensured for a long time; simple structure, convenient assembly and low cost.
According to the hydraulic motor and the excavator, the high-low speed switching device is arranged, so that the failure rate is low, the wear resistance is high, and the hydraulic motor and the excavator can be in a working state with stable performance for a long time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-low speed switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a plunger assembly of a support according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a prior art seat plunger.
Icon 10-spindle; 20-a seat plunger assembly; 21-a support; 211-ball socket; 212-conical surface; 213-protrusions; 22-steel balls; 23-sealing rings; 30-a housing; 40-swash plate; 50-a plunger slipper assembly; 60-cylinder block valve plate; 70-end cap; 80-balancing valves; 90-supporting a slipper; 100-supporting the support.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or are directions or positional relationships conventionally put in use of the inventive product, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal," "vertical," and the like do not denote a requirement that the component be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a high-low speed switching device applied to a hydraulic motor of an excavator, which is configured to adjust a motor rotation speed by changing an inclination angle of a swash plate 40 to change a motor displacement, and includes a housing 30, and a support plunger assembly 20, a swash plate 40 and nine plunger shoe assemblies 50 disposed in the housing 30, wherein the support plunger assembly 20 is supported on a first end surface of the swash plate 40, a second end surface of the swash plate 40 opposite to the first end surface is in contact with the nine plunger shoe assemblies 50, the support plunger assembly 20 includes a support 21, a steel ball 22 and a seal ring 23, a portion of the steel ball 22 is embedded in the support 21, the seal ring 23 is circumferentially disposed on a circumferential wall of the support 21, the steel ball 22 abuts against the swash plate 40, a spherical groove having a diameter matching the steel ball 22 is provided on the first end surface of the swash plate 40, the support plunger assembly 20 limits a movement stroke of the plunger shoe assemblies 50 by the swash plate 40, and the support plunger assembly 20 changes a swing angle of the swash plate 40 to change a displacement of the motor by one revolution.
In the high-low speed switching device provided in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the matching of the swash plate 40, the plunger shoe assembly 50 and the housing 30 is set in the conventional manner, that is, the cylinder in the housing 30 is provided with a plurality of plunger holes around its axis, the plunger shoe assembly 50 is disposed in the plunger hole, the swash plate 40 is obliquely disposed at the end surface position in the housing 30, and the swash plate 40 can relatively move with respect to the end surface in the housing 30, so that the movement stroke of the plunger shoe assembly 50 is limited, and the displacement in the motor is changed by limiting the movement stroke of the plunger shoe assembly 50, so that the hydraulic motor continuously feeds and discharges oil, so that the hydraulic motor outputs large displacement and small displacement, thereby forming a high-speed and low-speed running state.
As shown in fig. 1, the high-low speed switching device provided in this embodiment further includes a main shaft 10, a cylinder block valve plate 60, an end cover 70, and a balance valve 80, and the arrangement modes of these parts are conventional, and are not described herein.
Specifically, the high-low speed switching device of the present embodiment is converted from a low speed to a high speed operation state by injecting high pressure oil into the housing 30, which pushes the support plunger assembly 20 to jack up the swash plate 40, thereby changing the inclination angle of the swash plate 40.
As shown in fig. 2, the support 21 is provided with a ball socket 211 matched with the diameter of the steel ball 22, the steel ball 22 is embedded into the ball socket 211, a part of the steel ball 22 is embedded into the ball socket 211 through the ball socket 211, the other part of the steel ball 22 protrudes out of the support 21, and the part of the steel ball 22 protruding out of the support 21 is matched with a spherical groove of the first end face of the swash plate 40 for jacking the swash plate 40.
Meanwhile, the supporting plunger assembly 20 and the swash plate 40 are not easy to wear when acting through the matching accommodation of the steel balls 22 and the spherical grooves.
The ratio of the volume of the steel ball 22 embedded into the ball socket 211 to the total volume of the steel ball 22 is smaller than 1/2, so that the part of the steel ball 22 embedded into the support 21 is larger than the part of the steel ball 22 protruding out of the support 21, the steel ball 22 can be stably contained in the ball socket 211, and the situation that the part of the steel ball 22 embedded into the support 21 is too small to run out of the support 21 in a non-working state to influence the cooperation jacking of the steel ball 22 and the swash plate 40 is avoided.
When the ratio of the volume of the steel ball 22 embedded in the ball socket 211 to the total volume of the steel ball 22 is smaller than 1/2, the matching jacking effect of the steel ball 22 and the swash plate 40 is better.
The bottom surface of the ball socket 211 is a conical surface 212, so that the steel ball 22 can be deeply accommodated in the ball socket 211, and the ball socket 211 can better wrap the steel ball 22, thereby avoiding the steel ball 22 from escaping.
The bottom surface of the ball socket 211 can be an arc surface, so that the steel ball 22 can be better placed in the ball socket 211.
A protrusion 213 is provided on the side of the support 21 away from the ball socket 211, and the protrusion 213 is attached to the inner wall of the housing 30. The high-pressure oil injected into the housing 30 pushes the support plunger assembly 20 to move, when the protrusion 213 is arranged on the support 21, the protrusion 213 is attached to the inner wall of the housing 30, and gaps are formed between other positions of the end surface of the support 21, where the protrusion 213 is arranged, and the inner wall of the housing 30, so that the high-pressure oil can have a better accommodating space to push the support plunger assembly 20 to move.
The seal ring 23 serves to seal and protect the outer circumference of the support 21 from abrasion. When the seal ring 23 is a gray ring, the gray ring is formed by combining a rubber O-ring and a polytetrafluoroethylene ring. The O-shaped ring applies force, the Gelai ring is double-acting sealing, the friction force is low, no creeping is caused, the starting force is small, and the high-pressure resistance is realized, so that the high-low speed switching device of the embodiment is wear-resistant. According to the high-low speed switching device provided by the embodiment of the invention, when the device is in a non-working state, all parts are in the initial position, and the output displacement of the hydraulic motor is large at the moment and is in a low-speed running state. When the high-pressure oil is introduced into the fine oil duct of the shell 30 during operation, the high-pressure oil enters a gap between the end surface of the support 21 provided with the bulge 213 and the inner wall of the shell 30, the support 21 is pushed by the high-pressure oil to move, the steel balls 22 are driven to move upwards, so that the steel balls 22 jack up the swash plate 40, the inclination angle of the swash plate 40 is changed, the steel balls 22 are contacted with the spherical grooves at the bottom of the swash plate 40, and the functions of positioning and supporting the swash plate 40 can be achieved. After the swash plate 40 is lifted to a certain position, a limiting member (not shown) is further provided in the housing 30 to limit the movement of the swash plate 40, and at this time, the swash plate 40 has a fixed inclination angle, thereby outputting a small displacement and enabling the hydraulic motor to be in a high-speed operation state. The lattice ring is sleeved at the middle position of the outer peripheral wall of the support 21, has wear resistance and sealing performance, and can protect the outer circle of the support 21 from being worn.
The high-low speed switching device provided by the embodiment of the invention can be positioned accurately automatically and has low failure rate; the wear resistance is strong, and the stability of the motor in high-low speed switching can be ensured for a long time; simple structure, convenient assembly and low cost.
Example two
The embodiment provides a hydraulic motor, which comprises the high-low speed switching device.
The swash plate 40 is jacked up by the support plunger assembly 20 of the high-low speed switching device to change the inclination angle of the swash plate, so that the hydraulic motor is converted into a high-speed running state at a low speed, and the steel balls 22 of the high-low speed switching device are matched with the spherical grooves of the swash plate 40, so that automatic positioning can be realized, and the failure rate is low; the sealing ring 23 of the high-low speed switching device seals and protects the outer circle of the support 21 from abrasion, so that the hydraulic motor has strong abrasion resistance and can be in a working state with stable performance for a long time.
Example III
The embodiment provides an excavator, which comprises the hydraulic motor.
The excavator provided by the embodiment has the advantages that through the high-low speed switching device, the fault rate of the excavator is low, the wear resistance is high, and the excavator can be in a working state with stable performance for a long time.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A high-low speed switching device comprising: the hydraulic oil pump is characterized in that the support plunger assembly comprises a support, a steel ball and a sealing ring, the steel ball is partially embedded into the support, the sealing ring is arranged on the peripheral wall of the support in a surrounding mode, the steel ball is abutted to the swash plate, a spherical groove matched with the diameter of the steel ball is formed in the first end face of the swash plate, the support plunger assembly rotates by pushing the swash plate to change the working displacement of a motor, and a ball socket matched with the diameter of the steel ball is arranged on the support.
2. The high-low speed switching device according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the volume of the steel ball embedded in the ball socket to the total volume of the steel ball is less than 1/2.
3. The high-low speed switching device according to claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of the ball socket is a tapered surface.
4. The high-low speed switching device according to claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of the ball socket is a cambered surface.
5. The high-low speed switching device according to claim 1, wherein a protrusion is provided on a side of the holder away from the ball socket, the protrusion being fitted to the inner wall of the housing.
6. The high-low speed switching device according to claim 1, wherein the seal ring is a glean ring.
7. The high-low speed switching device according to claim 1, further comprising a main shaft arranged in the housing, a cylinder block valve plate sleeved on the main shaft, wherein an end cover is arranged at one end, far away from the support plunger assembly, of the housing, and a balance valve is arranged on the end cover.
8. A hydraulic motor comprising a high-low speed switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. An excavator comprising the hydraulic motor of claim 8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910551052.0A CN110107447B (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2019-06-24 | High-low speed switching device, hydraulic motor and excavator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910551052.0A CN110107447B (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2019-06-24 | High-low speed switching device, hydraulic motor and excavator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110107447A CN110107447A (en) | 2019-08-09 |
| CN110107447B true CN110107447B (en) | 2024-03-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910551052.0A Active CN110107447B (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2019-06-24 | High-low speed switching device, hydraulic motor and excavator |
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| Country | Link |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115711210B (en) * | 2022-12-02 | 2023-10-13 | 青岛力克川液压机械有限公司 | Variable mechanism and plunger pump and plunger motor using variable mechanism |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201496201U (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2010-06-02 | 张玲 | Walking hydraulic motor decelerator assembly |
| CN104074738A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-10-01 | 徐州徐工液压件有限公司 | Plunger pump and plunger motor and closing-in-prevention forward-packet plunger sliding boot assembly thereof |
| CN104500327A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-04-08 | 宁波中意液压马达有限公司 | Axial plunger motor |
| WO2017015782A1 (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2017-02-02 | 杭州绿聚科技有限公司 | Novel axial piston pump |
| CN106640514A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-10 | 太原理工大学 | Swash plate type high-pressure plunger motor with spherical surface distribution swash cylinder holes |
| CN107630853A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-01-26 | 杭州力龙液压有限公司 | A kind of high and low speed switching device and running motor |
| CN208518828U (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2019-02-19 | 钟彪 | A kind of sphere static pressure bearing sliding plate auxiliary structure and swash plate plunger pump or motor comprising the structure |
| CN210033708U (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-02-07 | 杭州力龙液压有限公司 | High-low speed switching device, hydraulic motor and excavator |
-
2019
- 2019-06-24 CN CN201910551052.0A patent/CN110107447B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201496201U (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2010-06-02 | 张玲 | Walking hydraulic motor decelerator assembly |
| CN104074738A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-10-01 | 徐州徐工液压件有限公司 | Plunger pump and plunger motor and closing-in-prevention forward-packet plunger sliding boot assembly thereof |
| CN104500327A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-04-08 | 宁波中意液压马达有限公司 | Axial plunger motor |
| WO2017015782A1 (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2017-02-02 | 杭州绿聚科技有限公司 | Novel axial piston pump |
| CN106640514A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-10 | 太原理工大学 | Swash plate type high-pressure plunger motor with spherical surface distribution swash cylinder holes |
| CN107630853A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-01-26 | 杭州力龙液压有限公司 | A kind of high and low speed switching device and running motor |
| CN208518828U (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2019-02-19 | 钟彪 | A kind of sphere static pressure bearing sliding plate auxiliary structure and swash plate plunger pump or motor comprising the structure |
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| CN110107447A (en) | 2019-08-09 |
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