CN110107273B - Shale is fracturing seepage flow experimental apparatus for gas - Google Patents

Shale is fracturing seepage flow experimental apparatus for gas Download PDF

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CN110107273B
CN110107273B CN201910535160.9A CN201910535160A CN110107273B CN 110107273 B CN110107273 B CN 110107273B CN 201910535160 A CN201910535160 A CN 201910535160A CN 110107273 B CN110107273 B CN 110107273B
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experiment
rock sample
fracturing
assembly
test rock
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CN110107273A (en
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陶树
汤达祯
许浩
李松
汪明丰
王伟光
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China University of Geosciences Beijing
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells

Abstract

The invention discloses a fracturing seepage experiment device for shale gas, and relates to the technical field of fracturing seepage experiment devices for shale gas, wherein an experiment assembly I, an experiment assembly II and an experiment assembly III are arranged, so that the experiment conditions of the experiment assembly I, the experiment assembly II and the experiment assembly III can be compared at the same time, the experiment effect is improved, the influence on the experiment result by the size and the like is realized, and the experiment reliability is ensured; according to the invention, the auxiliary sleeve is sleeved outside the test rock sample, the hardness of the auxiliary sleeve is greater than that of the test rock sample, and the compactness of the auxiliary sleeve is greater than that of the test rock sample, so that the influence of the external environment on the test rock sample can be reduced, the auxiliary sleeve is further arranged, and the outer positioning sleeve made of the same material as the test rock sample is tightly arranged between the auxiliary sleeve and the inner wall of the transparent tank body in an interference manner, so that the stress condition of the test rock sample can be ensured, and the test accuracy is improved.

Description

Shale is fracturing seepage flow experimental apparatus for gas
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fracturing and seepage experiment devices for rock gas, in particular to a fracturing and seepage experiment device for shale gas.
Background
The global shale gas resource amount is up to 456 multiplied by 1012The cubic meter is equivalent to the sum of the resource amount of the coal bed gas and the compact sandstone gas, and accounts for about 50 percent of the total resource amount of the three main unconventional natural gas, the coal bed gas, the compact sandstone gas and the shale gas, so the shale gas is an important target of natural gas industrial exploration under the economic condition of the prior art. Shale gas resources in China are also very rich, namely the resource quantity of about 60 multiplied by 10^8 cubic meters is only obtained from reservoir rocks of the lower aspiration series in the Sichuan basin, but the exploration and development of shale gas are still in the exploration stage at present, and deep research is needed, the hydraulic fracturing is a main means for transforming low-permeability oil and gas reservoirs and is an important production measure for improving the recovery ratio of petroleum and shale gas, the hydraulic fracturing is to forcibly pump fluid into the stratum at a certain flow rate through high-pressure equipment, and when the pressure is higher than the fracture pressure of the stratumWhen the force is applied, the stratum rock can generate cracks, and the fluid carries the propping agent to be paved into the cracks and enables the cracks to keep an open state, so that one or more high-conductivity supporting cracks with enough length are formed between the oil-gas reservoir and the well hole, and the oil-gas can penetrate into the well hole from the stratum, thereby improving the oil-gas yield and increasing the process of the economical and recoverable reserves of the storage.
However, before the development of the shale gas rock sample, the shale gas rock sample generally needs to be fully analyzed in a laboratory, and particularly, experimental research on problems such as fracturing seepage of the rock sample is carried out, but since the problems such as the size of experimental equipment and the rock sample are limited, the experimental result is influenced to a certain extent, and if analysis is carried out only by a single size, accurate data is difficult to obtain, so that how to design a comparable design so as to fully research the shale gas rock sample plays an extremely important role.
The invention provides a fracturing seepage experiment device for shale gas, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fracturing and seepage experimental device for shale gas, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the fracturing seepage experiment device for the shale gas comprises a fracturing fluid supply box mechanism, an experiment assembly I, an experiment assembly II and an experiment assembly III, wherein the fracturing fluid supply box mechanism is respectively connected with the experiment assembly I, the experiment assembly II and the experiment assembly III, and the experiment assembly I, the experiment assembly II and the experiment assembly III are arranged in parallel; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the first experiment assembly, the second experiment assembly and the third experiment assembly respectively comprise a booster pump, a voltage stabilizer and a rock sample experiment assembly, a test rock sample is arranged in the rock sample experiment assembly, and the rock sample experiment assembly is connected with the fracturing fluid supply box mechanism through the booster pump and the voltage stabilizer;
the diameter or axial length of the test rock sample in the rock sample experiment assembly of the experiment assembly I, the experiment assembly II and the experiment assembly III is different;
the diameter of the test rock sample of the first experiment assembly is equal to that of the test rock sample of the second experiment assembly, and the axial length of the test rock sample of the first experiment assembly is different from that of the test rock sample of the second experiment assembly;
the diameter of the test rock sample of the first experiment component is different from that of the test rock sample of the third experiment component, and the axial lengths of the test rock sample of the first experiment component and the test rock sample of the third experiment component are equal, so that the experimental conditions of the first experiment component, the second experiment component and the third experiment component can be compared conveniently;
an auxiliary sleeve is further sleeved outside the test rock sample, the hardness of the auxiliary sleeve is greater than that of the test rock sample, and the compactness of the auxiliary sleeve is greater than that of the test rock sample;
and the rock sample experiment assembly is also provided with a sound wave detector and a high-definition camera for detecting the fractured pores of the test rock sample in real time.
Preferably, the fracturing fluid supply box mechanism is provided with a main fluid outlet pipe, the fluid outlet end of the main fluid outlet pipe is connected with a shunt pipe, and the shunt pipe is connected to the booster pumps of the first experiment assembly, the second experiment assembly and the third experiment assembly in a shunt manner.
Preferably, a fracturing drill hole extending along the axial direction of the test rock sample is formed in the center of the test rock sample, a fracturing pipe is arranged in the fracturing drill hole, a hole sealing agent is adopted between the fracturing pipe and the fracturing drill hole for hole sealing, and the fracturing pipe is connected to the pressure stabilizer through a pipeline.
Further, as preferred, the rock specimen experiment subassembly includes the transparent jar of body, the test rock specimen sets up the inside of the transparent jar of body, just test rock specimen cover is established in the auxiliary sleeve, just the auxiliary sleeve with the interference closely is provided with the outer position sleeve of making the same with the test rock specimen material between the inner wall of the transparent jar of body.
Further, as preferred, the sound wave detector sets up the outer wall of the transparent tank body, just one side hypomere of the transparent tank body is connected with sewage treatment plant, sewage treatment plant's play water end is connected with second water flow sensor, the inside of test rock specimen has been inserted perpendicularly the fracturing pipe, the upper end of fracturing pipe is connected with the pipeline, and the middle section of pipeline has connected gradually valve, first water flow sensor, booster pump and magnetic valve from a left side to the right side.
Further, as preferred, the signal output ends of the first water flow sensor, the sound wave detector and the second water flow sensor are all connected with the receiving end of an external computer, and the output end of the external computer is respectively and electrically connected with the booster pump and the magnetic valve.
Further, as preferred, sewage treatment plant is including first setting tank, one side of first setting tank is provided with the second setting tank, and links to each other through the raceway between first setting tank and the second setting tank, one side surface embedding of first setting tank is connected with the oral siphon, the middle section of raceway is connected with the purification subassembly, the internally mounted of second setting tank has annular UV disinfection lamp.
Further, as the optimization, the surface of second setting tank is provided with the switch, and the switch is connected with UV disinfection lamp electricity nature.
Further, as preferred, the purification component comprises a cylinder and an active carbon filter element, and the active carbon filter element is arranged in the cylinder.
Further, as preferred, the sound wave detector includes sound wave receiver and sound wave transmitter, and sound wave receiver and sound wave transmitter are for evenly setting up at least 6 at the surface of the transparent jar of body, the aperture has been seted up to the bottom of fracturing pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the experiment assembly I, the experiment assembly II and the experiment assembly III are arranged, so that the experiment conditions of the experiment assembly I, the experiment assembly II and the experiment assembly III can be compared at the same time, the experiment effect is improved, the influence of the size and the like on the experiment result is realized, and the experiment reliability is ensured;
(2) according to the invention, the auxiliary sleeve is sleeved outside the test rock sample, the hardness of the auxiliary sleeve is greater than that of the test rock sample, and the compactness of the auxiliary sleeve is greater than that of the test rock sample, so that the influence of the external environment on the test rock sample can be reduced, the auxiliary sleeve is further arranged, and the outer positioning sleeve made of the same material as the test rock sample is tightly arranged between the auxiliary sleeve and the inner wall of the transparent tank body in an interference manner, so that the stress condition of the test rock sample can be ensured, and the test accuracy is improved.
(3) The invention provides a data basis for practical operation by arranging the sound wave detector to detect the sound wave required by the experiment, and simultaneously adds the sewage treatment device, and the sewage obtained after the experiment contains a large amount of metal harmful substances and is directly discharged to cause harm to the environment, so the sewage treatment device can solve the difficulty, and the data detected by the first water flow sensor and the second water flow sensor can be used for calculating the water consumption and make excellent contribution to the environmental protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fracturing and seepage experimental device for shale gas;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a sewage treatment device in a fracturing and seepage experimental device for shale gas;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fracturing and seepage experimental device for shale gas;
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, a fracturing seepage experiment apparatus for shale gas includes a fracturing fluid supply tank mechanism 00, an experiment assembly one 01, an experiment assembly two 02, and an experiment assembly three 03, wherein the fracturing fluid supply tank mechanism 00 is respectively connected to the experiment assembly one 01, the experiment assembly two 02, and the experiment assembly three 03, and the experiment assembly one 01, the experiment assembly two 02, and the experiment assembly three 03 are connected in parallel; the device is characterized in that the first experiment component 01, the second experiment component 02 and the third experiment component 03 respectively comprise a booster pump 8, a voltage stabilizer 6 and a rock sample experiment component, a test rock sample 12 is arranged in the rock sample experiment component, and the rock sample experiment component is connected with the fracturing fluid supply box mechanism 00 through the booster pump 8 and the voltage stabilizer 6;
the diameter or axial length of the test rock sample 12 in the rock sample experiment assembly of the experiment assembly I01, the experiment assembly II 02 and the experiment assembly III 03 is different;
the diameter of the test rock sample 12 of the first experimental component 01 is equal to that of the test rock sample 12 of the second experimental component 02, and the axial length of the test rock sample 12 is different from that of the first experimental component;
the diameter of the test rock sample 12 of the first experiment component 01 is different from that of the test rock sample 12 of the third experiment component 03, and the axial lengths of the test rock sample 12 and the test rock sample 12 are equal, so that the experimental conditions of the first experiment component 01, the second experiment component 02 and the third experiment component 03 can be compared conveniently; an auxiliary sleeve 14 is further sleeved outside the test rock sample 12, the hardness of the auxiliary sleeve 14 is greater than that of the test rock sample 12, and the compactness of the auxiliary sleeve 14 is greater than that of the test rock sample 12; and the rock sample experiment assembly is also provided with a sound wave detector 11 and a high-definition camera for detecting the fractured pores of the test rock sample 12 in real time.
In this embodiment, the fracturing fluid supply tank mechanism 00 is provided with a main fluid outlet pipe 04, a fluid outlet end of the main fluid outlet pipe 04 is connected with a flow dividing pipe 05, and the flow dividing pipe 05 is connected to the booster pumps 8 of the first experiment component 01, the second experiment component 02 and the third experiment component 03 in a flow dividing manner.
In a preferred embodiment, a fracturing bore hole 15 extending along the axial direction of the test rock sample 12 is arranged at the center of the test rock sample, a fracturing pipe is arranged in the fracturing bore hole 15, a sealing agent is arranged between the fracturing pipe and the fracturing bore hole 15 in a sealing mode, and the fracturing pipe 2 is connected to the pressure stabilizer 6 through a pipeline 13.
Wherein, the rock specimen experiment subassembly includes the transparent jar of body 1, test rock specimen 12 sets up the inside of the transparent jar of body 1, just test rock specimen 12 cover is established in the auxiliary sleeve 14, just auxiliary sleeve 14 with the interference closely is provided with the outer position sleeve of making the same with the test rock specimen material between the inner wall of the transparent jar of body 1.
As better embodiment, sound wave detector 11 sets up the outer wall of the transparent tank body 1, just one side hypomere of the transparent tank body 1 is connected with sewage treatment plant 9, sewage treatment plant 9's play water end is connected with second water flow sensor 4, the inside of test rock specimen 12 has inserted injection pipe 2 perpendicularly, the upper end of injection pipe 2 is connected with pipeline 13, pipeline 13's the other end is connected with booster pump 8, and pipeline 13's middle section has connected gradually valve 7, first water flow sensor 5, stabiliser 6 and magnetic valve 3 from a left side to the right side.
In the invention, the signal output ends of the first water flow sensor 5, the acoustic wave detector 11 and the second water flow sensor 4 are all connected with the receiving end of an external computer, and the output end of the external computer is respectively and electrically connected with the booster pump 6 and the magnetic valve 3. The sewage treatment device 9 comprises a first settling tank 91, a second settling tank 93 is arranged on one side of the first settling tank 91, the first settling tank 91 is connected with the second settling tank 93 through a water conveying pipe 94, a water inlet pipe 92 is embedded and connected to one side surface of the first settling tank 91, a purification assembly 95 is connected to the middle section of the water conveying pipe 94, and an annular UV disinfection lamp 96 is installed inside the second settling tank 93. The surface of the second settling tank 93 is provided with a switch, and the switch is electrically connected with the UV disinfection lamp 96. The purification assembly 95 is composed of a cylinder and an activated carbon filter element, and the activated carbon filter element is installed inside the cylinder. The sound wave detector 11 comprises a sound wave receiver and a sound wave transmitter, the sound wave receiver and the sound wave transmitter are at least 6 which are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the transparent tank body 1, and the bottom end of the fracturing pipe 2 is provided with a small hole with the aperture of 2-10 mm.
After the experiment is accomplished with sewage discharge to carrying out the sedimentation treatment in first settling tank 91, the clean water source on upper strata can overflow to second settling tank 93 along raceway 94, and the purification subassembly 95 in raceway 94 middle section can purify the harmful substance in the water source, discharges after the disinfection of UV disinfection lamp after second settling tank 93 sedimentation treatment, can reduce the pollution to the environment. In fig. 2: the surface of the second settling tank 93 is provided with a switch, and the switch is electrically connected with the UV disinfection lamp 96 and used for controlling the UV disinfection lamp 96. In fig. 2: the purification assembly 95 is composed of a cylinder and an activated carbon filter element, and the activated carbon filter element is installed inside the cylinder to complete purification and adsorption work while delivering water. In fig. 1: the acoustic wave detector 11 includes acoustic wave receiver and acoustic wave sensor, and the acoustic wave sensor is provided with 6 at least altogether at the surface of the transparent jar of body 1, does benefit to the homogeneity of the acoustic wave that detects, reduces experimental error.
In fig. 1: the bottom end of the injection pipe 2 is provided with a small hole with the aperture of 2-10mm, hydraulic pressure is injected to different angles, and the rock sample is easy to fracture and seep due to different stresses.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: rock samples with corresponding sizes are respectively installed inside a first experiment assembly 01, a second experiment assembly 02 and a third experiment assembly 03, then, liquid is supplied by a fracturing liquid supply box mechanism 00, then, each valve 7 is opened, fracturing liquid in a booster pump 8 is changed into hydraulic pressure by a pressure stabilizer 6, a magnetic valve 3 is opened, the hydraulic pressure reaches a fracturing pipe 2 through a pipeline 13, the fracturing pipe 2 emits the hydraulic pressure through perforation, a test rock sample 12 is fractured, sewage is discharged into a first settling box 91 for settling treatment after the experiment is completed, an upper layer clean water source overflows into a second settling box 93 along a water conveying pipe 94, a purification assembly 95 in the middle section of the water conveying pipe 94 can purify harmful substances in the water source, the second settling box 93 is disinfected by a UV disinfection lamp after settling treatment, the pollution to the environment can be reduced, the experiment sound wave detector 11 can measure sound waves during the experiment, the first water flow sensor 5 and the second water flow sensor 4 are used for calculating the utilization rate of water resources, data are obtained by analyzing through an external computer, the formula is water inflow/water discharge, and required data are measured and used for experimental research.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention are equivalent to or changed within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The fracturing seepage experiment device for the shale gas comprises a fracturing fluid supply box mechanism (00), an experiment assembly I (01), an experiment assembly II (02) and an experiment assembly III (03), wherein the fracturing fluid supply box mechanism (00) is respectively connected with the experiment assembly I (01), the experiment assembly II (02) and the experiment assembly III (03), and the experiment assembly I (01), the experiment assembly II (02) and the experiment assembly III (03) are arranged in parallel; the device is characterized in that the first experiment component (01), the second experiment component (02) and the third experiment component (03) respectively comprise a booster pump (8), a voltage stabilizer (6) and a rock sample experiment component, a test rock sample (12) is arranged in the rock sample experiment component, and the rock sample experiment component is connected with the fracturing fluid supply box mechanism (00) through the booster pump (8) and the voltage stabilizer (6); the diameter or axial length of the test rock sample (12) in the rock sample experiment assembly of the experiment assembly I (01), the experiment assembly II (02) and the experiment assembly III (03) is different; wherein the test rock sample (12) of the first experimental component (01) and the test rock sample (12) of the second experimental component (02) have the same diameter and different axial lengths; the test rock sample (12) of the first experiment component (01) and the test rock sample (12) of the third experiment component (03) are different in diameter and equal in axial length, so that the experimental conditions of the first experiment component (01), the second experiment component (02) and the third experiment component (03) can be compared conveniently; an auxiliary sleeve (14) is sleeved outside the test rock sample (12), the hardness of the auxiliary sleeve (14) is greater than that of the test rock sample (12), and the compactness of the auxiliary sleeve (14) is greater than that of the test rock sample (12); the rock sample experiment assembly is also provided with a sound wave detector (11) and a high-definition camera for detecting the fractured pores of the test rock sample (12) in real time;
the rock sample experiment assembly comprises a transparent tank body (1), the test rock sample (12) is arranged in the transparent tank body (1), the test rock sample (12) is sleeved in the auxiliary sleeve (14), and an outer positioning sleeve which is made of the same material as the test rock sample is tightly arranged between the auxiliary sleeve (14) and the inner wall of the transparent tank body (1) in an interference manner;
the sound wave detector (11) is arranged on the outer wall of the transparent tank body (1), a sewage treatment device (9) is connected to the lower section of one side of the transparent tank body (1), the water outlet end of the sewage treatment device (9) is connected with a second water flow sensor (4), a fracturing pipe (2) is vertically inserted into the test rock sample (12), the upper end of the fracturing pipe (2) is connected with a pipeline (13), and the middle section of the pipeline (13) is sequentially connected with a valve (7), a first water flow sensor (5), a voltage stabilizer (6) and a magnetic valve (3) from left to right;
the sewage treatment device (9) comprises a first settling tank (91), a second settling tank (93) is arranged on one side of the first settling tank (91), the first settling tank (91) is connected with the second settling tank (93) through a water conveying pipe (94), a water inlet pipe (92) is connected to the surface of one side of the first settling tank (91) in an embedded mode, a purification assembly (95) is connected to the middle section of the water conveying pipe (94), and an annular UV disinfection lamp (96) is installed inside the second settling tank (93).
2. The fracturing seepage experimental device for shale gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein a main liquid outlet pipe (04) is arranged on the fracturing liquid supply tank mechanism (00), a liquid outlet end of the main liquid outlet pipe (04) is connected with a shunt pipe (05), and the shunt pipe (05) is connected to the booster pumps (8) of the first experimental component (01), the second experimental component (02) and the third experimental component (03) in a shunt manner.
3. The fracturing seepage experimental device for shale gas as claimed in claim 2, wherein the center of the test rock sample (12) is provided with a fracturing borehole (15) extending along the axial direction thereof, a fracturing pipe is arranged in the fracturing borehole (15), a sealing agent is adopted between the fracturing pipe and the fracturing borehole (15) for sealing, and the fracturing pipe (2) is connected to the pressure stabilizer (6) through a pipeline (13).
4. The fracturing seepage experimental device for shale gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein signal output ends of the first water flow sensor (5), the acoustic detector (11) and the second water flow sensor (4) are all connected with a receiving end of an external computer, and an output end of the external computer is respectively and electrically connected with the booster pump (8), the voltage stabilizer (6) and the magnetic valve (3).
5. The fracturing and seepage experimental device for shale gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein a switch is arranged on the surface of the second settling tank (93), and the switch is electrically connected with the UV disinfection lamp (96).
6. The fracturing and seepage experimental device for shale gas as claimed in claim 5, wherein the purification assembly (95) is composed of a cylinder body and an activated carbon filter element, and the activated carbon filter element is installed inside the cylinder body.
7. The fracturing seepage experimental apparatus for shale gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the acoustic detector (11) comprises an acoustic receiver and an acoustic transmitter, the acoustic receiver and the acoustic transmitter are at least 6 which are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the transparent tank body (1), and the bottom end of the fracturing pipe (2) is provided with a small hole.
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CN104563993A (en) * 2013-10-11 2015-04-29 中国石油大学(北京) Staged fracturing or synchronous fracturing simulation experiment method for shale horizontal well
CN104237385A (en) * 2014-09-12 2014-12-24 中国石油大学 Test device and method for evaluating compressibility of shale reservoir by virtue of acoustic emission
CN204371287U (en) * 2014-12-10 2015-06-03 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Country rock fracturing seam net monitoring experiment device
US9869649B2 (en) * 2015-09-03 2018-01-16 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Nano-level evaluation of kerogen-rich reservoir rock
CN206583769U (en) * 2017-02-23 2017-10-24 西南石油大学 Shale permeability test device based on fluid pressure pulse under a kind of ul-trasonic irradiation
CN207004500U (en) * 2017-07-24 2018-02-13 西南石油大学 A kind of shale gas reservoir staged fracturing horizontal well seepage experimental device
CN108104786B (en) * 2017-12-24 2021-04-06 东北石油大学 Shale fracturing indoor simulation experiment device
CN208270339U (en) * 2018-09-20 2018-12-21 西南石油大学 A kind of shale hydraulic fracturing experiments device

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