CN110106562B - Nanofiber electrostatic spinning equipment - Google Patents

Nanofiber electrostatic spinning equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110106562B
CN110106562B CN201910341424.7A CN201910341424A CN110106562B CN 110106562 B CN110106562 B CN 110106562B CN 201910341424 A CN201910341424 A CN 201910341424A CN 110106562 B CN110106562 B CN 110106562B
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Prior art keywords
drying
roller
cavity
fixedly connected
chassis
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CN201910341424.7A
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CN110106562A (en
Inventor
崔建中
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Yinghongnami Corp
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Yinghongnami Corp
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/06—Washing or drying
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D11/00—Other features of manufacture
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D13/00—Complete machines for producing artificial threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
    • D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
    • D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
    • D01D5/0069—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the spinning section, e.g. capillary tube, protrusion or pin
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
    • D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
    • D01D5/0076—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the collecting device, e.g. drum, wheel, endless belt, plate or grid

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

A nanofiber electrostatic spinning device comprises a spinning shell, a spinning head, a power box, shell feet, a collecting device, a drying device and a conveying roller; the spinning head is arranged at the top end of the spinning shell; the power box is arranged on the outer wall of the spinning shell and is electrically connected with the spinning head through a lead; the bottom feet of the shell are arranged on the bottom surface of the shell; the collecting device is arranged on one side of the bottom end of the spinning shell, and the drying device is arranged on one side of the spinning shell; the conveying rollers are arranged at the inlet of the drying box body and the outlet of the drying box body. According to the invention, through designing the collecting device and the conveying roller, the smoothness and stability of system preparation are improved, and meanwhile, the drying device is designed, so that the product has stronger performance.

Description

Nanofiber electrostatic spinning equipment
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nanofiber production equipment, and particularly relates to nanofiber electrostatic spinning equipment.
Background
By nanomaterials are meant materials that have at least one dimension in three dimensions that is in the nanometer range (0.1-100 nm) or that consist of them as a basic unit, which corresponds approximately to the dimension of 10-100 atoms closely arranged together. Among nanomaterials, nanofibers mean ultra-fine fibers having a fiber diameter of less than 1000 nanometers. There are many methods for producing nanofibers, such as drawing, template synthesis, self-assembly, microphase separation, electrospinning, and the like. Among them, the electrospinning method is widely used because of its advantages such as simple operation, wide application range, and relatively high production efficiency.
The electrospinning process is a special fiber manufacturing process, and polymer solutions or melts are jet spun in a strong electric field. Under the action of the electric field, the liquid drop at the needle head changes from a spherical shape to a conical shape (i.e. a Taylor cone) and extends from the tip of the cone to obtain a fiber filament. This way, polymer filaments of nanometer-scale diameter can be produced. After the fiber filaments are extended, the fiber filaments are heated and dried, so that the surfaces of the fiber filaments have higher tension, the fiber filaments can be subjected to higher tensile strength, the mechanical strength and the ductility of the nano fiber filaments are improved, then the nano fiber filaments are conveyed, and finally the nano fiber filaments are wound through a special winding device. The following technical defects exist in the preparation process: (1) the nanofiber silk that electrostatic spinning equipment made descends to collecting the base through gravity nature on, collects the base and be plane disc shape, and the mixed stirring of cellosilk very easily causes on collecting the base, and the rolling smoothness nature of nanofiber silk is lower. (2) The drying equipment matched with the electrostatic spinning equipment is used for drying the fiber yarns in a single heat conduction mode of thermal convection or thermal radiation, and the drying uniformity is poor; (3) the drying device has large structure volume, does not fully utilize the internal volume of the drying device, has low drying efficiency, and is not suitable for drying the nanofiber tows with small diameters. (4) When the electrostatic spinning is carried, because the diameter of the nano-fiber yarn is small, the nano-fiber yarn cannot be fixed by the roller in a conventional form, and the fiber yarn and the roller are easy to slip in the conveying process, so that the smooth conveying shape of the roller is influenced. (5) In order to protect the mechanical strength of the nano-fiber during conveying and prevent the fiber from being tensioned more tightly or looser due to factors such as friction force and the like in the process of long-distance conveying, the fiber is broken or mixed, and the tension state of the fiber cannot be adjusted in the conventional roller structure.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the existing problems, the invention discloses nanofiber electrostatic spinning equipment, which has the following specific technical scheme: a nanofiber electrostatic spinning device comprises a spinning shell, a spinning head, a power box, shell feet, a collecting device, a drying device and a conveying roller; the spinning shell is in a cuboid shape and is of a hollow structure; the spinning head is arranged at the top end of the spinning shell and is vertically and fixedly connected with the spinning shell; the power box is arranged on the outer wall of the spinning shell and is fixedly connected with the spinning shell through a fastener, and the power box is electrically connected with the spinning head through a lead; the bottom foot of the shell is arranged on the bottom surface of the shell and is fixedly connected with the spinning shell;
the collecting device is arranged on one side of the bottom end of the spinning shell and comprises a collecting base plate, a base plate roller, a rotating tooth, a rotator, a collecting motor, a base convex block, a base connecting pipe, a locking mechanism, a yarn guide rod, a yarn guide hopper, a yarn guide pipe, a gas pipe and a yarn guide rod connecting rod; the collecting chassis is of a disc-shaped structure, the upper surface of the collecting chassis is of a groove-shaped structure in the circumferential direction to form a chassis roller groove, and the center of the lower surface of the collecting chassis is of a hollow-out structure to form a chassis cavity; the chassis rollers are arranged in the chassis roller grooves, and two ends of each chassis roller are rotatably connected with the collection chassis through bearings; the rotating teeth are arranged at one end of the chassis roller and fixedly connected with the chassis roller, and the rotating teeth are arranged in the cavity of the chassis; the rotator is arranged at the bottom end of the cavity of the chassis, is of a disc-shaped structure, is of a sawtooth-shaped structure in the circumferential direction on the upper surface, is connected with each rotating tooth at the top end through sawtooth meshing, and is rotatably connected with the collection chassis at the bottom end through a bearing; the collecting motor is arranged at the bottom end of the rotator, and one end of the collecting motor is vertically and fixedly connected with the bottom end of the rotator; the base lug is arranged in the center of the upper surface of the collecting chassis and is fixedly connected with the collecting chassis to form an integrated structure; the base connecting pipe is arranged on the upper surface of the base lug and is vertically and fixedly connected with the base lug to form an integrated structure;
the locking mechanisms are arranged on two side walls of the base connecting pipe and are symmetrically arranged; the locking mechanism comprises a locking shifting piece, a longitudinal sliding block, a longitudinal spring, a transverse sliding block, a transverse spring and a locking block, wherein a longitudinal cavity is longitudinally formed in the outer side wall of the base connecting pipe, a transverse cavity is transversely formed in the inner side wall of the base connecting pipe, the locking shifting piece is arranged on the outer side of the side wall of the base connecting pipe, the longitudinal sliding block is arranged on one side of the locking shifting piece, and the longitudinal sliding block is arranged in the longitudinal cavity and fixedly connected with the locking shifting piece to form an integrated structure; the longitudinal spring is arranged at the bottom end of the longitudinal sliding block, one end of the longitudinal spring is fixedly connected with the longitudinal sliding block, and the other end of the longitudinal spring is fixedly connected with the longitudinal cavity; the transverse sliding block is arranged in the transverse cavity, the locking block is arranged at one end of the transverse sliding block, and one end of the locking block extends out of the transverse cavity; the transverse spring is arranged on the outer side of the locking block, one end of the transverse spring is fixedly connected with the transverse sliding block, and the other end of the transverse spring is fixedly connected with the transverse cavity;
the yarn guide rod is of a round rod-shaped structure, and two side walls of the bottom end of the yarn guide rod are in groove shapes to form a yarn guide rod hole; the guide wire hopper is circumferentially arranged at the top end of the guide wire rod, the guide wire pipe is arranged at the bottom end of the guide wire hopper, and the guide wire pipe is communicated with the guide wire hopper; the gas pipe is arranged at one end of each wire guide pipe and is communicated with the wire guide pipes; the wire guide hopper is fixedly connected with the wire guide rod through a wire guide rod connecting rod; the thread guiding rod extends into the base convex block through a base connecting pipe, and the locking block is inserted into the thread guiding rod hole to realize the fixed connection of the thread guiding rod and the collecting chassis;
the drying device is arranged on one side of the spinning shell and comprises a drying box body, a box cover plate, a drying layer block, a drying column, a conveying roller, a transverse heating pipe, a longitudinal heating pipe, a lateral heating pipe, a cavity air outlet pipe, an air return pipe, a cavity connecting pipe, a ventilator and an exhaust pipe; the drying box body is in a cuboid shape and is of a hollow structure, the bottom end of one side of the drying box body is provided with a drying box body inlet, the box cover plate is arranged on one side of the drying box body, and the top end of the box cover plate is provided with a drying box body outlet; the box cover plate is inserted into the drying box body clamping blocks to realize the connection of the box cover plate and the drying box body; the drying layer blocks are arranged on two sides in the drying box body in a staggered manner, and two sides of each drying layer block are respectively and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the drying box body; a cavity is enclosed between the drying layer block and the inner wall of the drying box body to form a drying box channel, and the section of the drying box channel is S-shaped; the drying layer block is of a hollow structure, and a drying layer block cavity is formed; the bottom end of the cavity of the drying layer block at the bottom layer is provided with a cavity air inlet; the drying column is arranged on the top surface of the drying layer block, the bottom end of the drying column is vertically and fixedly connected with the top surface of one layer of the drying layer block, the top end of the drying column is vertically and fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the other layer of the drying layer block, the center of the drying column is hollow to form a drying column through hole, and two ends of the drying column through hole are communicated with the drying layer block cavity; the conveying rollers are arranged on one side of each drying layer block and symmetrically arranged, and two ends of each conveying roller are rotatably connected with the drying box body through bearings; the transverse heating pipe is arranged on the top surface of the drying layer block and fixedly connected with the drying layer block through a fastener; the longitudinal heating pipe is arranged on one side of the drying layer block and is fixedly connected with the drying box body through a fastener; the side heating pipes are arranged on two sides of each drying column, and each side heating pipe is fixedly connected with the drying column through a fastener; the cavity air outlet pipe is arranged on the top surface of the drying layer block at the top layer, the cavity air outlet pipe is fixedly connected with the drying layer block, and the bottom end of the cavity air outlet pipe is communicated with the cavity of the drying layer block; the air return pipe is arranged on one side of the drying box body, and the air return pipe is in through connection with the cavity air outlet pipe through a cavity connecting pipe; the ventilator is arranged on the cavity connecting pipe; the exhaust pipe is arranged on the top surface of the drying box body, the exhaust pipe is vertically and fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the drying box body, and the bottom end of the exhaust pipe is communicated with the drying box channel;
the conveying roller is arranged at the inlet of the drying box body and the outlet of the drying box body and is fixedly connected with the drying box body through a fastening piece; the conveying roller comprises a roller bracket, an upper fixing cover, an upper front roller, a pressure relief plate fixture block, a pressure relief spring, a roller fixing plate, an upper rear roller, a lower fixing cover, a lower front roller, a lower rear roller and a side air cavity; the roller support comprises a support bottom plate, an upper support and a lower support, wherein the support bottom plate is hollow, the upper support is arranged on two sides of the top end of the support bottom plate and fixedly connected with the support bottom plate, and the lower support is arranged on two sides of the bottom end of the support bottom plate and fixedly connected with the support bottom plate; two sides of the upper fixing cover are fixedly connected with the upper bracket, and two sides of the upper fixing cover are provided with upper fixing cover sliding holes; one end of the bottom surface of the upper fixing cover is in a concave arc shape to form an upper front roller groove, and the center of the upper front roller groove is in a groove shape to form a pressure relief chute; the pressure relief plate is arranged in the pressure relief chute, the pressure relief plate fixture blocks are arranged on two sides of the pressure relief plate, one side of each pressure relief plate fixture block is fixedly connected with the pressure relief plate and is of an integrated structure, and two sides of the pressure relief plate are clamped into the upper fixing cover slide holes to realize the sliding connection of the pressure relief plate and the upper fixing cover; the pressure relief springs are arranged on two sides of the upper surface of the pressure relief plate, one end of each pressure relief spring is fixedly connected with the pressure relief plate, and the other end of each pressure relief spring is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the pressure relief chute; the roller fixing plates are arranged on two sides of the bottom surface of the pressure relief plate, and each roller fixing plate is vertically and fixedly connected with the pressure relief plate and is of an integrated structure; the upper front roller is arranged at the bottom end of the pressure relief plate, and two ends of the upper front roller are rotatably connected with the roller fixing plates at two sides through bearings; the upper rear roller is embedded in one end of the upper fixing cover, and two ends of the upper rear roller are rotated with the upper fixing cover through bearings;
two sides of the lower fixed cover are fixedly connected with the lower bracket, and the top surface of the lower fixed cover is attached to the bottom surface of the upper fixed cover; one end of the top surface of the lower fixing cover is in a concave arc shape to form a lower front roller groove, the lower front roller is arranged in the lower front roller groove, and two ends of the lower front roller and the lower fixing cover rotate through bearings; the lower rear roller is embedded in one end of the top surface of the lower fixing cover, and two ends of the lower rear roller and the lower fixing cover rotate through bearings; the side air cavities are arranged on two sides of the top surface of the lower fixing cover and symmetrically arranged, and the side air cavities are fixedly connected with the lower fixing cover plate; the center of the lower fixing cover is hollow to form vent holes, the vent holes are respectively arranged on two sides of the lower fixing cover, the bottom ends of the vent holes are communicated with the bottom end of the lower fixing cover, and the top ends of the vent holes are respectively communicated with the side air cavity.
Further, chassis roller slot quantity is six, every chassis roller slot is centripetal setting, every chassis roller slot is cylindric structure, every chassis roller slot slightly is greater than chassis roller size.
Furthermore, the number of the chassis rollers is six, and each chassis roller is arranged in the chassis roller groove.
Furthermore, the base projection is in a round table shape and has a structure with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part; the diameter of the bottom end of the base boss is slightly larger than that of the cavity of the chassis, and the bottom end of the base boss covers the upper surface of one end of the chassis roller.
Furthermore, the center of the boss of the base is of a groove-shaped structure and is communicated with the base connecting pipe.
Furthermore, indulge slider one side and be the inclined plane form, horizontal slider one side is the inclined plane form, indulge the slider with the inclined plane of horizontal slider is laminated setting each other.
Furthermore, the arrangement height of the wire guide rod hole is matched with that of the locking block.
Furthermore, the number of the guide wire hoppers is three, each guide wire hopper is of a structure with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, and the side wall of each guide wire hopper is arc-shaped.
Furthermore, each gas-supply pipe and each silk guide pipe are the slant and set up down.
Furthermore, the number of the drying layer blocks is four, each drying layer block is of a cuboid structure, and the top angle of each drying layer block is of an arc-shaped structure.
Furthermore, the number of the drying columns arranged on each layer of drying layer block is four, and the drying columns are symmetrically arranged; each drying column is of a cylindrical structure with two wide ends and a narrow middle part.
Furthermore, the number of the transverse heating pipes arranged on each drying layer block is three, the arrangement direction of each transverse heating pipe is consistent with that of the drying layer block, and each transverse heating pipe is arranged on two sides of each drying column.
Furthermore, the number of the longitudinal heating pipes arranged on each side of the drying box body is three, and the position of each longitudinal heating pipe is matched with that of each transverse heating pipe.
Furthermore, the number of the side heating pipes arranged on each drying column is two.
Furthermore, the section of the return air pipe is of an L-shaped structure.
Further, the cross section of the cavity connecting pipe is in an Contraband-shaped structure.
Furthermore, the section of the exhaust pipe is of a structure with a wide lower part and a narrow upper part.
Furthermore, the upper support and the lower support are obliquely arranged with the support bottom plate.
Furthermore, the upper fixing cover is of a structure with a narrow front part and a wide rear part, and two ends of the upper fixing cover are arc-shaped.
Furthermore, the width of the pressure relief plate is adapted to the width of the pressure relief chute.
Furthermore, the cross section of the pressure relief plate clamping block is of an I-shaped structure, and the width of the grooves on the two sides of the pressure relief plate clamping block is matched with the wall thickness of the upper fixing cover.
Further, the length of the pressure relief spring is slightly smaller than the depth of the pressure relief chute.
Further, the lower fixing cover is of a wide-upper-narrow structure, one side edge of the lower fixing cover is of a bevel edge shape, and one side edge of the lower fixing cover is of a concave arc shape.
Further, the diameters of the upper front roller and the lower front roller are consistent, the diameters of the upper rear roller and the lower rear roller are consistent, and the diameters of the upper rear roller are larger than the diameters of the upper front roller.
Furthermore, one end of the side air cavity is in a convex arc shape, the top surface of the side air cavity is in a concave arc shape, one end of the side air cavity is provided with a side air cavity outlet, and the side air cavity outlet is attached to one side of the lower back roller.
Further, each vent hole is obliquely arranged inside the lower fixing cover.
Further, the fastener is one or more of a rivet, an expansion screw, a bolt, a nut, a screw, and a self-tapping screw.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the electrostatic spinning head is used, after the nano-fiber filaments are jetted out of the electrostatic spinning head, the fiber filaments fall onto the collecting chassis, and the fiber filaments falling onto the base bumps all slide onto the collecting chassis through the inclined planes of the base bumps; starting a collecting motor, driving a rotator to rotate by the collecting motor, and driving each chassis roller to rotate in the same direction by the rotator to rotate by being meshed with each rotating tooth; each chassis roller forwardly conveys the filaments out of the collection chassis. When the electrostatic spinning heads are used for spinning simultaneously, the yarn guide rod is inserted into the base connecting pipe, the locking shifting sheet is pressed to slide downwards, the longitudinal sliding block slides downwards in the longitudinal cavity to compress the longitudinal spring, the transverse spring relaxes to drive the transverse sliding block and the locking block to slide transversely, the locking block is accommodated in the transverse cavity, when the yarn guide rod is inserted into the bottom end of the base connecting pipe, the locking shifting sheet is loosened, the yarn guide rod is rotated to enable the locking block to automatically rebound and be inserted into the yarn guide rod hole, and the yarn guide rod is fixedly connected with the collecting base; the fiber yarns spun by the electrostatic spinning heads pass through a yarn guide hopper and then fall onto a collecting chassis after passing through a yarn guide pipe; meanwhile, the gas pipe can be connected with a gas transmission device, and the gas flow enters the yarn guide pipe through the gas pipe to drive the fiber yarns to move downwards in the forward direction.
Conveying the nano-fiber yarns falling on the collecting base to pass between the upper fixing cover and the lower fixing cover, wherein the upper fixing cover and the lower fixing cover are obliquely arranged, the nano-fiber yarns are obliquely conveyed into the conveying roller and firstly pass through the upper front roller and the lower front roller, when the whole nano-fiber is in a loose state, the pressure relief spring is in an original state, the pressure relief plate fixture block is positioned at the lower end of the sliding hole of the upper fixing cover, the pressure relief plate is positioned at the bottom end of the pressure relief sliding groove, the upper front roller is attached to the lower front roller, and the nano-fiber yarns are conveyed by the pressing of the upper front roller and the lower front roller; when the whole nanofiber is suddenly in a relatively tight state due to factors such as external force, the nanofiber conveys and drives the upper front roller to slightly lift up, the pressure relief plate moves towards the top end in the pressure relief sliding groove, the clamping block of the pressure relief plate slides upwards in the sliding hole of the upper fixing cover, the pressure relief spring is in a yielding state, and when external factors disappear, the pressure relief spring returns to an initial state. When the nanofiber passes through the upper back roller and the lower back roller, the external ventilation equipment is connected with the vent holes, airflow flows into the side air cavities through the vent holes, after rotational flow is formed on one side of the inner portions of the side air cavities, the airflow rapidly passes through the outlets of the side air cavities, the airflow is obliquely blown to the space between the upper back roller and the lower back roller, the nanofiber is conveyed between the airflows blown out from the side air cavities on the two sides, and the blowing of the airflows on the two sides limits that the nanofiber is located at the central position.
The fiber yarns conveyed by the conveying roller enter the drying box body through an inlet of the drying box body, pass through a channel of the drying box body and are wound outside each conveying roller, and when the fiber yarns are sequentially conveyed upwards to the top end of the drying box body through the conveying rollers, the box cover plate is inserted into the clamping block of the drying box body, and the fiber yarns penetrate out through an outlet of the drying box body; through start-up heating horizontal heating pipe, indulge heating pipe and side heating pipe, when the cellosilk passes through between the two-layer stoving layer piece, horizontal heating pipe is from the bottom to cellosilk radiant heating, and the side heating pipe is through at both sides to cellosilk radiant heating, and when the cellosilk passes through stoving layer piece one side, indulges the heating pipe and to cellosilk radiant heating in one side.
Outside cold air of stoving case gets into the stoving box through stoving box import, some air gets into in the stoving layer piece cavity through the cavity air intake, the air upwards flows because of heating self density diminishes, with the mechanical ventilation effect of ventilation blower, the air upwards flows through stoving post through-hole in every stoving post, until going out the tuber pipe through the cavity and discharging, after that through the cavity connecting pipe, the return air hose loopback to stoving box bottom one side, slowly blow off the air current, drive the interior airflow flow of stoving case passageway, after the air current carries out the heat convection with the cellosilk, discharge through the exhaust pipe.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the collecting motor drives the plurality of chassis rollers to rotate in the same direction, and when the fiber silk falls into the collecting chassis, the fiber silk on the collecting chassis can be quickly discharged by the rotation of the chassis rollers and the matching of the fiber silk collecting device, so that the fiber silk is prevented from being accumulated to cause the fiber silk mixing and stirring, and the smoothness of the fiber silk collecting is prevented from being influenced; meanwhile, the yarn guide rods can be assembled and connected on the collecting chassis, the yarn guide hoppers are arranged above the collecting chassis, so that a plurality of spinning heads can perform simultaneous spinning, the yarns fall onto the collecting chassis through different yarn guide hoppers, the electrostatic spinning efficiency is improved, the condition that a plurality of bundles of fibers are not mixed and stirred is ensured, air is conveyed into the yarn guide pipes through the air conveying pipes, and the fibers are subjected to air flow auxiliary guide conveying; the whole device enables the nanofiber collecting process to be smooth and high in collecting efficiency.
(2) The drying device provided by the invention is provided with the transverse heating pipe, the longitudinal heating pipe and the side heating pipes, so that the nanofiber can be subjected to multi-angle and omnibearing radiant heating, and the surface of the nanofiber is uniformly subjected to radiant drying; meanwhile, the drying box channel is in low-speed air flow through the mechanical ventilation effect of the ventilator, so that the purpose of convection heat exchange on the surface of the fiber yarns is achieved. The device of the invention achieves the purpose of fully drying the fiber yarns by carrying out radiation heat exchange and convection heat exchange on the surfaces of the fiber yarns, and has high drying speed and high efficiency.
(3) The drying device is compact in structure and small in overall structure volume, and the fiber is wound in the drying box body through the conveying roller and matched with the arrangement of a plurality of heating pipes, so that the fiber can achieve a strong drying effect through a short stroke; meanwhile, the special structural form arrangement in the device is matched, so that the airflow circulation stroke in the drying box body is in a staggered circulation form of inner circulation and outer circulation of the drying layer block, and the condition that the heat is utilized to the maximum extent when the drying box body is always in an airflow circulation drying state is guaranteed. Finally, when the device is in a small size, the heat exchange efficiency of the device can be further improved, and the device is suitable for drying the nanofiber tows with small diameters.
(4) Aiming at the characteristics of small diameter and low tensile degree of the nano-fiber, the invention designs the conveying roller, the front and the back groups of rollers are adopted to simultaneously and fixedly convey the nano-fiber, and the roller with the smaller diameter is used to ensure the friction contact force between the roller and the nano-fiber to the maximum extent, so as to prevent the slip phenomenon during conveying; meanwhile, a special airflow protection device is arranged between the upper rear roller and the lower rear roller, the nanofiber yarn is limited to be conveyed at the central position of the roller by airflow flowing, the nanofiber yarn is limited in the transverse position, the nanofiber yarn is prevented from sliding out of the conveying roller device due to uneven rolling stress, and the smoothness of the roller during conveying is improved;
(5) the conveying roller device can eliminate the problem of over-tight stress in the conveying process of the nano-fiber yarns by the self pressure relief structure design, the upper front roller can be self-adapted to a fine adjusting position to adjust the system pressure, the phenomenon of fracture caused by over-stress of the nano-fiber yarns is prevented, the mechanical strength of the nano-fiber yarns is protected, and the conveying stability of the device is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the collecting device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the invention at the collection chassis.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged structural view of a in fig. 3 according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view of the drying apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a drying layer block according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the partial installation of the drying box and the cover plate.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the conveying roller of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of an upper fixing cover and a lower fixing cover according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic sectional view of the upper and lower fixing covers of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a partial installation view of the upper fixing cover and the upper front roller of the present invention.
List of reference numerals: the spinning machine comprises a spinning shell 1, a spinning head 2, a power box 3, a shell foot 4, a collecting device 5, a collecting chassis 5-1, a chassis roller groove 5-1-1, a chassis cavity 5-1-2, a chassis roller 5-2, a rotating tooth 5-3, a rotator 5-4, a collecting motor 5-5, a base projection 5-6, a base connecting pipe 5-7, a longitudinal cavity 5-7-1, a transverse cavity 5-7-2, a locking mechanism 5-8, a locking shifting sheet 5-8-1, a longitudinal sliding block 5-8-2, a longitudinal spring 5-8-3, a transverse sliding block 5-8-4, a transverse spring 5-8-5, a locking block 5-8-6, a guide wire rod 5-9, a guide wire rod hole 5-9-1, a guide wire rod hole 5-8, 5-10 parts of guide wire hopper, 5-11 parts of guide wire pipe, 5-12 parts of gas pipe, 5-13 parts of guide wire rod connecting rod, 6 parts of drying device, 6-1 parts of drying box body, 6-1-1 parts of drying box body inlet, 6-1-2 parts of drying box body clamping block, 6-1-3 parts of drying box channel, 6-2 parts of box cover plate, 6-2-1 parts of drying box body outlet, 6-3 parts of drying layer block, 6-3-1 parts of drying layer block cavity, 6-3-2 parts of cavity air inlet, 6-4 parts of drying column, 6-4-1 parts of drying column through hole, 6-5 parts of conveying roller, 6-6 parts of transverse heating pipe, 6-7 parts of longitudinal heating pipe, 6-8 parts of lateral heating pipe, 6-9 parts of cavity air outlet pipe, 6-10 parts of air return pipe, 6-11 parts of cavity connecting pipe, 6-12 parts of ventilator, 6-13 parts of exhaust pipe, 7 parts of conveying roller, 7-1 parts of roller bracket, 7-1-1 parts of bracket bottom plate, 7-1-2 parts of upper bracket, 7-1-3 parts of lower bracket, 7-2 parts of upper fixing cover, 7-2-1 parts of upper fixing cover sliding hole, 7-2-2 parts of upper front roller groove, 7-2-3 parts of pressure relief sliding chute and 7-3 parts of upper front roller, 7-4 parts of pressure relief plate, 7-5 parts of pressure relief plate clamping blocks, 7-6 parts of pressure relief springs, 7-7 parts of roller fixing plates, 7-8 parts of upper rear rollers, 7-9 parts of lower fixing covers, 7-9-1 parts of lower front roller grooves, 7-9-2 parts of vent holes, 7-10 parts of lower front rollers, 7-11 parts of lower rear rollers, 7-12 parts of side air cavities and 7-12-1 parts of side air cavity outlets.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical scheme of the invention clearer and clearer, the invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and any scheme obtained by carrying out equivalent replacement and conventional reasoning on the technical characteristics of the technical scheme of the invention falls into the protection scope of the invention. The fixed connection, the fixed arrangement and the fixed structure mentioned in the embodiment are known technologies known to those skilled in the art, such as gluing, welding, screwing, bolt-nut connection, riveting and the like. The collecting motor is a common three-phase asynchronous alternating current motor, the transverse heating pipe, the longitudinal heating pipe and the side heating pipe are nanofiber heating pipes, products can be directly purchased and obtained in the market, the structural principle of the collecting motor is well known technology of people in the field, and details are not needed in the invention.
The attached drawing shows that the nanofiber electrostatic spinning equipment comprises a spinning shell, a spinning head, a power supply box, shell feet, a collecting device, a drying device and a conveying roller; the spinning shell is in a cuboid shape and is of a hollow structure; the spinning head is arranged at the top end of the spinning shell and is vertically and fixedly connected with the spinning shell; the power box is arranged on the outer wall of the spinning shell and is fixedly connected with the spinning shell through a fastener, and the power box is electrically connected with the spinning head through a lead; the bottom foot of the shell is arranged on the bottom surface of the shell and is fixedly connected with the spinning shell;
the collecting device is arranged on one side of the bottom end of the spinning shell and comprises a collecting base plate, a base plate roller, a rotating tooth, a rotator, a collecting motor, a base convex block, a base connecting pipe, a locking mechanism, a yarn guide rod, a yarn guide hopper, a yarn guide pipe, a gas pipe and a yarn guide rod connecting rod; the collecting chassis is of a disc-shaped structure, the upper surface of the collecting chassis is of a groove-shaped structure in the circumferential direction to form a chassis roller groove, and the center of the lower surface of the collecting chassis is of a hollow-out structure to form a chassis cavity; the chassis rollers are arranged in the chassis roller grooves, and two ends of each chassis roller are rotatably connected with the collection chassis through bearings; the rotating teeth are arranged at one end of the chassis roller and fixedly connected with the chassis roller, and the rotating teeth are arranged in the cavity of the chassis; the rotator is arranged at the bottom end of the cavity of the chassis, is of a disc-shaped structure, is of a sawtooth-shaped structure in the circumferential direction on the upper surface, is connected with each rotating tooth at the top end through sawtooth meshing, and is rotatably connected with the collection chassis at the bottom end through a bearing; the collecting motor is arranged at the bottom end of the rotator, and one end of the collecting motor is vertically and fixedly connected with the bottom end of the rotator; the base lug is arranged in the center of the upper surface of the collecting chassis and is fixedly connected with the collecting chassis to form an integrated structure; the base connecting pipe is arranged on the upper surface of the base lug and is vertically and fixedly connected with the base lug to form an integrated structure;
the locking mechanisms are arranged on two side walls of the base connecting pipe and are symmetrically arranged; the locking mechanism comprises a locking shifting piece, a longitudinal sliding block, a longitudinal spring, a transverse sliding block, a transverse spring and a locking block, wherein a longitudinal cavity is longitudinally formed in the outer side wall of the base connecting pipe, a transverse cavity is transversely formed in the inner side wall of the base connecting pipe, the locking shifting piece is arranged on the outer side of the side wall of the base connecting pipe, the longitudinal sliding block is arranged on one side of the locking shifting piece, and the longitudinal sliding block is arranged in the longitudinal cavity and fixedly connected with the locking shifting piece to form an integrated structure; the longitudinal spring is arranged at the bottom end of the longitudinal sliding block, one end of the longitudinal spring is fixedly connected with the longitudinal sliding block, and the other end of the longitudinal spring is fixedly connected with the longitudinal cavity; the transverse sliding block is arranged in the transverse cavity, the locking block is arranged at one end of the transverse sliding block, and one end of the locking block extends out of the transverse cavity; the transverse spring is arranged on the outer side of the locking block, one end of the transverse spring is fixedly connected with the transverse sliding block, and the other end of the transverse spring is fixedly connected with the transverse cavity;
the yarn guide rod is of a round rod-shaped structure, and two side walls of the bottom end of the yarn guide rod are in groove shapes to form a yarn guide rod hole; the guide wire hopper is circumferentially arranged at the top end of the guide wire rod, the guide wire pipe is arranged at the bottom end of the guide wire hopper, and the guide wire pipe is communicated with the guide wire hopper; the gas pipe is arranged at one end of each wire guide pipe and is communicated with the wire guide pipes; the wire guide hopper is fixedly connected with the wire guide rod through a wire guide rod connecting rod; the thread guiding rod extends into the base convex block through a base connecting pipe, and the locking block is inserted into the thread guiding rod hole to realize the fixed connection of the thread guiding rod and the collecting chassis;
the drying device is arranged on one side of the spinning shell and comprises a drying box body, a box cover plate, a drying layer block, a drying column, a conveying roller, a transverse heating pipe, a longitudinal heating pipe, a lateral heating pipe, a cavity air outlet pipe, an air return pipe, a cavity connecting pipe, a ventilator and an exhaust pipe; the drying box body is in a cuboid shape and is of a hollow structure, the bottom end of one side of the drying box body is provided with a drying box body inlet, the box cover plate is arranged on one side of the drying box body, and the top end of the box cover plate is provided with a drying box body outlet; the box cover plate is inserted into the drying box body clamping blocks to realize the connection of the box cover plate and the drying box body; the drying layer blocks are arranged on two sides in the drying box body in a staggered manner, and two sides of each drying layer block are respectively and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the drying box body; a cavity is enclosed between the drying layer block and the inner wall of the drying box body to form a drying box channel, and the section of the drying box channel is S-shaped; the drying layer block is of a hollow structure, and a drying layer block cavity is formed; the bottom end of the cavity of the drying layer block at the bottom layer is provided with a cavity air inlet; the drying column is arranged on the top surface of the drying layer block, the bottom end of the drying column is vertically and fixedly connected with the top surface of one layer of the drying layer block, the top end of the drying column is vertically and fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the other layer of the drying layer block, the center of the drying column is hollow to form a drying column through hole, and two ends of the drying column through hole are communicated with the drying layer block cavity; the conveying rollers are arranged on one side of each drying layer block and symmetrically arranged, and two ends of each conveying roller are rotatably connected with the drying box body through bearings; the transverse heating pipe is arranged on the top surface of the drying layer block and fixedly connected with the drying layer block through a fastener; the longitudinal heating pipe is arranged on one side of the drying layer block and is fixedly connected with the drying box body through a fastener; the side heating pipes are arranged on two sides of each drying column, and each side heating pipe is fixedly connected with the drying column through a fastener; the cavity air outlet pipe is arranged on the top surface of the drying layer block at the top layer, the cavity air outlet pipe is fixedly connected with the drying layer block, and the bottom end of the cavity air outlet pipe is communicated with the cavity of the drying layer block; the air return pipe is arranged on one side of the drying box body, and the air return pipe is in through connection with the cavity air outlet pipe through a cavity connecting pipe; the ventilator is arranged on the cavity connecting pipe; the exhaust pipe is arranged on the top surface of the drying box body, the exhaust pipe is vertically and fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the drying box body, and the bottom end of the exhaust pipe is communicated with the drying box channel;
the conveying roller is arranged at the inlet of the drying box body and the outlet of the drying box body and is fixedly connected with the drying box body through a fastening piece; the conveying roller comprises a roller bracket, an upper fixing cover, an upper front roller, a pressure relief plate fixture block, a pressure relief spring, a roller fixing plate, an upper rear roller, a lower fixing cover, a lower front roller, a lower rear roller and a side air cavity; the roller support comprises a support bottom plate, an upper support and a lower support, wherein the support bottom plate is hollow, the upper support is arranged on two sides of the top end of the support bottom plate and fixedly connected with the support bottom plate, and the lower support is arranged on two sides of the bottom end of the support bottom plate and fixedly connected with the support bottom plate; two sides of the upper fixing cover are fixedly connected with the upper bracket, and two sides of the upper fixing cover are provided with upper fixing cover sliding holes; one end of the bottom surface of the upper fixing cover is in a concave arc shape to form an upper front roller groove, and the center of the upper front roller groove is in a groove shape to form a pressure relief chute; the pressure relief plate is arranged in the pressure relief chute, the pressure relief plate fixture blocks are arranged on two sides of the pressure relief plate, one side of each pressure relief plate fixture block is fixedly connected with the pressure relief plate and is of an integrated structure, and two sides of the pressure relief plate are clamped into the upper fixing cover slide holes to realize the sliding connection of the pressure relief plate and the upper fixing cover; the pressure relief springs are arranged on two sides of the upper surface of the pressure relief plate, one end of each pressure relief spring is fixedly connected with the pressure relief plate, and the other end of each pressure relief spring is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the pressure relief chute; the roller fixing plates are arranged on two sides of the bottom surface of the pressure relief plate, and each roller fixing plate is vertically and fixedly connected with the pressure relief plate and is of an integrated structure; the upper front roller is arranged at the bottom end of the pressure relief plate, and two ends of the upper front roller are rotatably connected with the roller fixing plates at two sides through bearings; the upper rear roller is embedded in one end of the upper fixing cover, and two ends of the upper rear roller are rotated with the upper fixing cover through bearings;
two sides of the lower fixed cover are fixedly connected with the lower bracket, and the top surface of the lower fixed cover is attached to the bottom surface of the upper fixed cover; one end of the top surface of the lower fixing cover is in a concave arc shape to form a lower front roller groove, the lower front roller is arranged in the lower front roller groove, and two ends of the lower front roller and the lower fixing cover rotate through bearings; the lower rear roller is embedded in one end of the top surface of the lower fixing cover, and two ends of the lower rear roller and the lower fixing cover rotate through bearings; the side air cavities are arranged on two sides of the top surface of the lower fixing cover and symmetrically arranged, and the side air cavities are fixedly connected with the lower fixing cover plate; the center of the lower fixing cover is hollow to form vent holes, the vent holes are respectively arranged on two sides of the lower fixing cover, the bottom ends of the vent holes are communicated with the bottom end of the lower fixing cover, and the top ends of the vent holes are respectively communicated with the side air cavity.
Further, chassis roller slot quantity is six, every chassis roller slot is centripetal setting, every chassis roller slot is cylindric structure, every chassis roller slot slightly is greater than chassis roller size.
Furthermore, the number of the chassis rollers is six, and each chassis roller is arranged in the chassis roller groove.
Furthermore, the base projection is in a round table shape and has a structure with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part; the diameter of the bottom end of the base boss is slightly larger than that of the cavity of the chassis, and the bottom end of the base boss covers the upper surface of one end of the chassis roller.
Furthermore, the center of the boss of the base is of a groove-shaped structure and is communicated with the base connecting pipe.
Furthermore, indulge slider one side and be the inclined plane form, horizontal slider one side is the inclined plane form, indulge the slider with the inclined plane of horizontal slider is laminated setting each other.
Furthermore, the arrangement height of the wire guide rod hole is matched with that of the locking block.
Furthermore, the number of the guide wire hoppers is three, each guide wire hopper is of a structure with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, and the side wall of each guide wire hopper is arc-shaped.
Furthermore, each gas-supply pipe and each silk guide pipe are the slant and set up down.
Furthermore, the number of the drying layer blocks is four, each drying layer block is of a cuboid structure, and the top angle of each drying layer block is of an arc-shaped structure.
Furthermore, the number of the drying columns arranged on each layer of drying layer block is four, and the drying columns are symmetrically arranged; each drying column is of a cylindrical structure with two wide ends and a narrow middle part.
Furthermore, the number of the transverse heating pipes arranged on each drying layer block is three, the arrangement direction of each transverse heating pipe is consistent with that of the drying layer block, and each transverse heating pipe is arranged on two sides of each drying column.
Furthermore, the number of the longitudinal heating pipes arranged on each side of the drying box body is three, and the position of each longitudinal heating pipe is matched with that of each transverse heating pipe.
Furthermore, the number of the side heating pipes arranged on each drying column is two.
Furthermore, the section of the return air pipe is of an L-shaped structure.
Further, the cross section of the cavity connecting pipe is in an Contraband-shaped structure.
Furthermore, the section of the exhaust pipe is of a structure with a wide lower part and a narrow upper part.
Furthermore, the upper support and the lower support are obliquely arranged with the support bottom plate.
Furthermore, the upper fixing cover is of a structure with a narrow front part and a wide rear part, and two ends of the upper fixing cover are arc-shaped.
Furthermore, the width of the pressure relief plate is adapted to the width of the pressure relief chute.
Furthermore, the cross section of the pressure relief plate clamping block is of an I-shaped structure, and the width of the grooves on the two sides of the pressure relief plate clamping block is matched with the wall thickness of the upper fixing cover.
Further, the length of the pressure relief spring is slightly smaller than the depth of the pressure relief chute.
Further, the lower fixing cover is of a wide-upper-narrow structure, one side edge of the lower fixing cover is of a bevel edge shape, and one side edge of the lower fixing cover is of a concave arc shape.
Further, the diameters of the upper front roller and the lower front roller are consistent, the diameters of the upper rear roller and the lower rear roller are consistent, and the diameters of the upper rear roller are larger than the diameters of the upper front roller.
Furthermore, one end of the side air cavity is in a convex arc shape, the top surface of the side air cavity is in a concave arc shape, one end of the side air cavity is provided with a side air cavity outlet, and the side air cavity outlet is attached to one side of the lower back roller.
Further, each vent hole is obliquely arranged inside the lower fixing cover.
Further, the fastener is one or more of a rivet, an expansion screw, a bolt, a nut, a screw, and a self-tapping screw.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the electrostatic spinning head is used, after the nano-fiber filaments are jetted out of the electrostatic spinning head, the fiber filaments fall onto the collecting chassis, and the fiber filaments falling onto the base bumps all slide onto the collecting chassis through the inclined planes of the base bumps; starting a collecting motor, driving a rotator to rotate by the collecting motor, and driving each chassis roller to rotate in the same direction by the rotator to rotate by being meshed with each rotating tooth; each chassis roller forwardly conveys the filaments out of the collection chassis. When the electrostatic spinning heads are used for spinning simultaneously, the yarn guide rod is inserted into the base connecting pipe, the locking shifting sheet is pressed to slide downwards, the longitudinal sliding block slides downwards in the longitudinal cavity to compress the longitudinal spring, the transverse spring relaxes to drive the transverse sliding block and the locking block to slide transversely, the locking block is accommodated in the transverse cavity, when the yarn guide rod is inserted into the bottom end of the base connecting pipe, the locking shifting sheet is loosened, the yarn guide rod is rotated to enable the locking block to automatically rebound and be inserted into the yarn guide rod hole, and the yarn guide rod is fixedly connected with the collecting base; the fiber yarns spun by the electrostatic spinning heads pass through a yarn guide hopper and then fall onto a collecting chassis after passing through a yarn guide pipe; meanwhile, the gas pipe can be connected with a gas transmission device, and the gas flow enters the yarn guide pipe through the gas pipe to drive the fiber yarns to move downwards in the forward direction.
Conveying the nano-fiber yarns falling on the collecting base to pass between the upper fixing cover and the lower fixing cover, wherein the upper fixing cover and the lower fixing cover are obliquely arranged, the nano-fiber yarns are obliquely conveyed into the conveying roller and firstly pass through the upper front roller and the lower front roller, when the whole nano-fiber is in a loose state, the pressure relief spring is in an original state, the pressure relief plate fixture block is positioned at the lower end of the sliding hole of the upper fixing cover, the pressure relief plate is positioned at the bottom end of the pressure relief sliding groove, the upper front roller is attached to the lower front roller, and the nano-fiber yarns are conveyed by the pressing of the upper front roller and the lower front roller; when the whole nanofiber is suddenly in a relatively tight state due to factors such as external force, the nanofiber conveys and drives the upper front roller to slightly lift up, the pressure relief plate moves towards the top end in the pressure relief sliding groove, the clamping block of the pressure relief plate slides upwards in the sliding hole of the upper fixing cover, the pressure relief spring is in a yielding state, and when external factors disappear, the pressure relief spring returns to an initial state. When the nanofiber passes through the upper back roller and the lower back roller, the external ventilation equipment is connected with the vent holes, airflow flows into the side air cavities through the vent holes, after rotational flow is formed on one side of the inner portions of the side air cavities, the airflow rapidly passes through the outlets of the side air cavities, the airflow is obliquely blown to the space between the upper back roller and the lower back roller, the nanofiber is conveyed between the airflows blown out from the side air cavities on the two sides, and the blowing of the airflows on the two sides limits that the nanofiber is located at the central position.
The fiber yarns conveyed by the conveying roller enter the drying box body through an inlet of the drying box body, pass through a channel of the drying box body and are wound outside each conveying roller, and when the fiber yarns are sequentially conveyed upwards to the top end of the drying box body through the conveying rollers, the box cover plate is inserted into the clamping block of the drying box body, and the fiber yarns penetrate out through an outlet of the drying box body; through start-up heating horizontal heating pipe, indulge heating pipe and side heating pipe, when the cellosilk passes through between the two-layer stoving layer piece, horizontal heating pipe is from the bottom to cellosilk radiant heating, and the side heating pipe is through at both sides to cellosilk radiant heating, and when the cellosilk passes through stoving layer piece one side, indulges the heating pipe and to cellosilk radiant heating in one side.
Outside cold air of stoving case gets into the stoving box through stoving box import, some air gets into in the stoving layer piece cavity through the cavity air intake, the air upwards flows because of heating self density diminishes, with the mechanical ventilation effect of ventilation blower, the air upwards flows through stoving post through-hole in every stoving post, until going out the tuber pipe through the cavity and discharging, after that through the cavity connecting pipe, the return air hose loopback to stoving box bottom one side, slowly blow off the air current, drive the interior airflow flow of stoving case passageway, after the air current carries out the heat convection with the cellosilk, discharge through the exhaust pipe.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the collecting motor drives the plurality of chassis rollers to rotate in the same direction, and when the fiber silk falls into the collecting chassis, the fiber silk on the collecting chassis can be quickly discharged by the rotation of the chassis rollers and the matching of the fiber silk collecting device, so that the fiber silk is prevented from being accumulated to cause the fiber silk mixing and stirring, and the smoothness of the fiber silk collecting is prevented from being influenced; meanwhile, the yarn guide rods can be assembled and connected on the collecting chassis, the yarn guide hoppers are arranged above the collecting chassis, so that a plurality of spinning heads can perform simultaneous spinning, the yarns fall onto the collecting chassis through different yarn guide hoppers, the electrostatic spinning efficiency is improved, the condition that a plurality of bundles of fibers are not mixed and stirred is ensured, air is conveyed into the yarn guide pipes through the air conveying pipes, and the fibers are subjected to air flow auxiliary guide conveying; the whole device enables the nanofiber collecting process to be smooth and high in collecting efficiency.
(2) The drying device provided by the invention is provided with the transverse heating pipe, the longitudinal heating pipe and the side heating pipes, so that the nanofiber can be subjected to multi-angle and omnibearing radiant heating, and the surface of the nanofiber is uniformly subjected to radiant drying; meanwhile, the drying box channel is in low-speed air flow through the mechanical ventilation effect of the ventilator, so that the purpose of convection heat exchange on the surface of the fiber yarns is achieved. The device of the invention achieves the purpose of fully drying the fiber yarns by carrying out radiation heat exchange and convection heat exchange on the surfaces of the fiber yarns, and has high drying speed and high efficiency.
(3) The drying device is compact in structure and small in overall structure volume, and the fiber is wound in the drying box body through the conveying roller and matched with the arrangement of a plurality of heating pipes, so that the fiber can achieve a strong drying effect through a short stroke; meanwhile, the special structural form arrangement in the device is matched, so that the airflow circulation stroke in the drying box body is in a staggered circulation form of inner circulation and outer circulation of the drying layer block, and the condition that the heat is utilized to the maximum extent when the drying box body is always in an airflow circulation drying state is guaranteed. Finally, when the device is in a small size, the heat exchange efficiency of the device can be further improved, and the device is suitable for drying the nanofiber tows with small diameters.
(4) Aiming at the characteristics of small diameter and low tensile degree of the nano-fiber, the invention designs the conveying roller, the front and the back groups of rollers are adopted to simultaneously and fixedly convey the nano-fiber, and the roller with the smaller diameter is used to ensure the friction contact force between the roller and the nano-fiber to the maximum extent, so as to prevent the slip phenomenon during conveying; meanwhile, a special airflow protection device is arranged between the upper rear roller and the lower rear roller, the nanofiber yarn is limited to be conveyed at the central position of the roller by airflow flowing, the nanofiber yarn is limited in the transverse position, the nanofiber yarn is prevented from sliding out of the conveying roller device due to uneven rolling stress, and the smoothness of the roller during conveying is improved;
(5) the conveying roller device can eliminate the problem of over-tight stress in the conveying process of the nano-fiber yarns by the self pressure relief structure design, the upper front roller can be self-adapted to a fine adjusting position to adjust the system pressure, the phenomenon of fracture caused by over-stress of the nano-fiber yarns is prevented, the mechanical strength of the nano-fiber yarns is protected, and the conveying stability of the device is further improved.

Claims (10)

1. A nanofiber electrostatic spinning device is characterized by comprising a spinning shell, a spinning head, a power box, shell feet, a collecting device, a drying device and a conveying roller; the spinning shell is in a cuboid shape and is of a hollow structure; the spinning head is arranged at the top end of the spinning shell and is vertically and fixedly connected with the spinning shell; the power box is arranged on the outer wall of the spinning shell and is fixedly connected with the spinning shell through a fastener, and the power box is electrically connected with the spinning head through a lead; the bottom foot of the shell is arranged on the bottom surface of the shell and is fixedly connected with the spinning shell;
the collecting device is arranged on one side of the bottom end of the spinning shell and comprises a collecting base plate, a base plate roller, a rotating tooth, a rotator, a collecting motor, a base convex block, a base connecting pipe, a locking mechanism, a yarn guide rod, a yarn guide hopper, a yarn guide pipe, a gas pipe and a yarn guide rod connecting rod; the collecting chassis is of a disc-shaped structure, the upper surface of the collecting chassis is of a groove-shaped structure in the circumferential direction to form a chassis roller groove, and the center of the lower surface of the collecting chassis is of a hollow-out structure to form a chassis cavity; the chassis rollers are arranged in the chassis roller grooves, and two ends of each chassis roller are rotatably connected with the collection chassis through bearings; the rotating teeth are arranged at one end of the chassis roller and fixedly connected with the chassis roller, and the rotating teeth are arranged in the cavity of the chassis; the rotator is arranged at the bottom end of the cavity of the chassis, is of a disc-shaped structure, is of a sawtooth-shaped structure in the circumferential direction on the upper surface, is connected with each rotating tooth at the top end through sawtooth meshing, and is rotatably connected with the collection chassis at the bottom end through a bearing; the collecting motor is arranged at the bottom end of the rotator, and one end of the collecting motor is vertically and fixedly connected with the bottom end of the rotator; the base lug is arranged in the center of the upper surface of the collecting chassis and is fixedly connected with the collecting chassis to form an integrated structure; the base connecting pipe is arranged on the upper surface of the base lug and is vertically and fixedly connected with the base lug to form an integrated structure;
the locking mechanisms are arranged on two side walls of the base connecting pipe and are symmetrically arranged; the locking mechanism comprises a locking shifting piece, a longitudinal sliding block, a longitudinal spring, a transverse sliding block, a transverse spring and a locking block, wherein a longitudinal cavity is longitudinally formed in the outer side wall of the base connecting pipe, a transverse cavity is transversely formed in the inner side wall of the base connecting pipe, the locking shifting piece is arranged on the outer side of the side wall of the base connecting pipe, the longitudinal sliding block is arranged on one side of the locking shifting piece, and the longitudinal sliding block is arranged in the longitudinal cavity and fixedly connected with the locking shifting piece to form an integrated structure; the longitudinal spring is arranged at the bottom end of the longitudinal sliding block, one end of the longitudinal spring is fixedly connected with the longitudinal sliding block, and the other end of the longitudinal spring is fixedly connected with the longitudinal cavity; the transverse sliding block is arranged in the transverse cavity, the locking block is arranged at one end of the transverse sliding block, and one end of the locking block extends out of the transverse cavity; the transverse spring is arranged on the outer side of the locking block, one end of the transverse spring is fixedly connected with the transverse sliding block, and the other end of the transverse spring is fixedly connected with the transverse cavity;
the yarn guide rod is of a round rod-shaped structure, and two side walls of the bottom end of the yarn guide rod are in groove shapes to form a yarn guide rod hole; the guide wire hopper is circumferentially arranged at the top end of the guide wire rod, the guide wire pipe is arranged at the bottom end of the guide wire hopper, and the guide wire pipe is communicated with the guide wire hopper; the gas pipe is arranged at one end of each wire guide pipe and is communicated with the wire guide pipes; the wire guide hopper is fixedly connected with the wire guide rod through a wire guide rod connecting rod; the thread guiding rod extends into the base convex block through a base connecting pipe, and the locking block is inserted into the thread guiding rod hole to realize the fixed connection of the thread guiding rod and the collecting chassis;
the drying device is arranged on one side of the spinning shell and comprises a drying box body, a box cover plate, a drying layer block, a drying column, a conveying roller, a transverse heating pipe, a longitudinal heating pipe, a lateral heating pipe, a cavity air outlet pipe, an air return pipe, a cavity connecting pipe, a ventilator and an exhaust pipe; the drying box body is in a cuboid shape and is of a hollow structure, the bottom end of one side of the drying box body is provided with a drying box body inlet, the box cover plate is arranged on one side of the drying box body, and the top end of the box cover plate is provided with a drying box body outlet; the box cover plate is inserted into the drying box body clamping blocks to realize the connection of the box cover plate and the drying box body; the drying layer blocks are arranged on two sides in the drying box body in a staggered manner, and two sides of each drying layer block are respectively and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the drying box body; a cavity is enclosed between the drying layer block and the inner wall of the drying box body to form a drying box channel, and the section of the drying box channel is S-shaped; the drying layer block is of a hollow structure, and a drying layer block cavity is formed; the bottom end of the cavity of the drying layer block at the bottom layer is provided with a cavity air inlet; the drying column is arranged on the top surface of the drying layer block, the bottom end of the drying column is vertically and fixedly connected with the top surface of one layer of the drying layer block, the top end of the drying column is vertically and fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the other layer of the drying layer block, the center of the drying column is hollow to form a drying column through hole, and two ends of the drying column through hole are communicated with the drying layer block cavity; the conveying rollers are arranged on one side of each drying layer block and symmetrically arranged, and two ends of each conveying roller are rotatably connected with the drying box body through bearings; the transverse heating pipe is arranged on the top surface of the drying layer block and fixedly connected with the drying layer block through a fastener; the longitudinal heating pipe is arranged on one side of the drying layer block and is fixedly connected with the drying box body through a fastener; the side heating pipes are arranged on two sides of each drying column, and each side heating pipe is fixedly connected with the drying column through a fastener; the cavity air outlet pipe is arranged on the top surface of the drying layer block at the top layer, the cavity air outlet pipe is fixedly connected with the drying layer block, and the bottom end of the cavity air outlet pipe is communicated with the cavity of the drying layer block; the air return pipe is arranged on one side of the drying box body, and the air return pipe is in through connection with the cavity air outlet pipe through a cavity connecting pipe; the ventilator is arranged on the cavity connecting pipe; the exhaust pipe is arranged on the top surface of the drying box body, the exhaust pipe is vertically and fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the drying box body, and the bottom end of the exhaust pipe is communicated with the drying box channel;
the conveying roller is arranged at the inlet of the drying box body and the outlet of the drying box body and is fixedly connected with the drying box body through a fastening piece; the conveying roller comprises a roller bracket, an upper fixing cover, an upper front roller, a pressure relief plate fixture block, a pressure relief spring, a roller fixing plate, an upper rear roller, a lower fixing cover, a lower front roller, a lower rear roller and a side air cavity; the roller support comprises a support bottom plate, an upper support and a lower support, wherein the support bottom plate is hollow, the upper support is arranged on two sides of the top end of the support bottom plate and fixedly connected with the support bottom plate, and the lower support is arranged on two sides of the bottom end of the support bottom plate and fixedly connected with the support bottom plate; two sides of the upper fixing cover are fixedly connected with the upper bracket, and two sides of the upper fixing cover are provided with upper fixing cover sliding holes; one end of the bottom surface of the upper fixing cover is in a concave arc shape to form an upper front roller groove, and the center of the upper front roller groove is in a groove shape to form a pressure relief chute; the pressure relief plate is arranged in the pressure relief chute, the pressure relief plate fixture blocks are arranged on two sides of the pressure relief plate, one side of each pressure relief plate fixture block is fixedly connected with the pressure relief plate and is of an integrated structure, and two sides of the pressure relief plate are clamped into the upper fixing cover slide holes to realize the sliding connection of the pressure relief plate and the upper fixing cover; the pressure relief springs are arranged on two sides of the upper surface of the pressure relief plate, one end of each pressure relief spring is fixedly connected with the pressure relief plate, and the other end of each pressure relief spring is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the pressure relief chute; the roller fixing plates are arranged on two sides of the bottom surface of the pressure relief plate, and each roller fixing plate is vertically and fixedly connected with the pressure relief plate and is of an integrated structure; the upper front roller is arranged at the bottom end of the pressure relief plate, and two ends of the upper front roller are rotatably connected with the roller fixing plates at two sides through bearings; the upper rear roller is embedded in one end of the upper fixing cover, and two ends of the upper rear roller are rotated with the upper fixing cover through bearings;
two sides of the lower fixed cover are fixedly connected with the lower bracket, and the top surface of the lower fixed cover is attached to the bottom surface of the upper fixed cover; one end of the top surface of the lower fixing cover is in a concave arc shape to form a lower front roller groove, the lower front roller is arranged in the lower front roller groove, and two ends of the lower front roller and the lower fixing cover rotate through bearings; the lower rear roller is embedded in one end of the top surface of the lower fixing cover, and two ends of the lower rear roller and the lower fixing cover rotate through bearings; the side air cavities are arranged on two sides of the top surface of the lower fixing cover and symmetrically arranged, and the side air cavities are fixedly connected with the lower fixing cover plate; the center of the lower fixing cover is hollow to form vent holes, the vent holes are respectively arranged on two sides of the lower fixing cover, the bottom ends of the vent holes are communicated with the bottom end of the lower fixing cover, and the top ends of the vent holes are respectively communicated with the side air cavity.
2. The nanofiber electrospinning device of claim 1, wherein the number of the chassis roller grooves is six, each chassis roller groove is arranged centripetally, each chassis roller groove is in a cylindrical structure, and each chassis roller groove is slightly larger than the size of the chassis roller.
3. The nanofiber electrospinning device of claim 1, wherein the base projection is in the shape of a circular truncated cone and has a structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom; the diameter of the bottom end of the base boss is slightly larger than that of the cavity of the chassis, and the bottom end of the base boss covers the upper surface of one end of the chassis roller.
4. The nanofiber electrospinning device of claim 1, wherein one side of the longitudinal slider is in the shape of an inclined plane, one side of the transverse slider is in the shape of an inclined plane, and the inclined planes of the longitudinal slider and the transverse slider are attached to each other.
5. The nanofiber electrospinning device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the guide wire hoppers is three, each guide wire hopper is of a structure with a wide top and a narrow bottom, and the side wall of each guide wire hopper is arc-shaped.
6. The nanofiber electrospinning device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the drying columns arranged on each layer of the drying layer block is four, and the drying columns are symmetrically arranged; each drying column is of a cylindrical structure with two wide ends and a narrow middle part.
7. The nanofiber electrospinning device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the transverse heating pipes arranged in each drying layer block is three, the arrangement direction of each transverse heating pipe is the same as that of the drying layer block, and each transverse heating pipe is arranged on two sides of each drying column.
8. The nanofiber electrospinning device of claim 1, wherein the number of the longitudinal heating pipes arranged on each side of the drying box is three, and the position of each longitudinal heating pipe is matched with that of the transverse heating pipe.
9. The nanofiber electrospinning device of claim 1, wherein the cross section of the pressure relief plate clamping block is of an I-shaped structure, and the width of the grooves on two sides of the pressure relief plate clamping block is adapted to the wall thickness of the upper fixing cover.
10. The nanofiber electrospinning device of claim 1, wherein one end of the side air cavity is in a convex arc shape, the top surface of the side air cavity is in a concave arc shape, one end of the side air cavity is provided with a side air cavity outlet, and the side air cavity outlet is attached to one side of the lower back roller.
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