CN110106525B - Method for extracting mercury and antimony through intensified electrolysis of low-concentration mercury and antimony solution - Google Patents
Method for extracting mercury and antimony through intensified electrolysis of low-concentration mercury and antimony solution Download PDFInfo
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- CN110106525B CN110106525B CN201910526499.2A CN201910526499A CN110106525B CN 110106525 B CN110106525 B CN 110106525B CN 201910526499 A CN201910526499 A CN 201910526499A CN 110106525 B CN110106525 B CN 110106525B
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/22—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of metals not provided for in groups C25C1/02 - C25C1/20
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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Abstract
A method for extracting mercury and antimony by low-concentration mercury and antimony solution enhanced electrolysis comprises the following steps: the concentrations of mercury and antimony in the low-concentration solution are respectively 1-20g/L and 1-15g/L, Na2S concentration is 20-100g/L, the low-concentration mercury antimony solution in the storage tank is rapidly input from the bottom of the electrolytic tank by using a centrifugal pump at the flow rate of 100-400L/h, and 50-1000A/m is applied between the cathode and the anode2The current density of the electrolytic bath is electrolyzed, and the solution flows out of the upper part of the electrolytic bath and enters a storage tank, and then enters the electrolytic bath again through a centrifugal pump to realize the circulation of the electrolyte; controlling the temperature of the solution in a storage tank at 20-50 ℃, controlling the temperature of the solution in the storage tank, controlling the electrolysis time to be 1-10h, and collecting mercury-antimony mixed products from the bottom of the electrolytic tank after the electrolysis is finished, wherein the primary electrolysis extraction rates of mercury and antimony are respectively more than 70% and 60%. The method has the advantages that the one-step reinforced electrolytic separation of the metal mercury antimony from the low-concentration mercury antimony solution is realized, the process is simple, the efficiency is high, and the method is environment-friendly; provides support for harmless treatment of mercury tailings and resource utilization of valuable metals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of chemical metallurgy, in particular to a method for extracting mercury and antimony by electrolyzing a low-concentration mercury and antimony solution.
Background
The mercury tailings are a waste mineral resource generated in the process of mercury ore mining, dressing and smelting. Due to the similar properties of antimony and mercury, mercury and antimony are commonly co-present in mercury tailings. At present, mercury and antimony smelting mainly adopts a fire method, and the metal in the concentrate needs to have higher content. However, the mercury and antimony contents in the mercury tailings are extremely low, and particularly with the improvement of the beneficiation technology, the metal content in the tailings is further remarkably reduced, so that the mercury tailings are not suitable for pyrometallurgy.
For low-grade resources, the wet process is considered as the best route for economically extracting metals, and due to the existence of the aqueous solution, the problem of mercury volatilization can be effectively avoided, and the method is environment-friendly. Wet processes typically include two processes, leaching and electrowinning. However, because the content of mercury and antimony in the mercury tailings is extremely low, the concentration of mercury and antimony in the obtained leaching solution is also low, and even after repeated leaching, the concentration of mercury and antimony is usually lower than 20 g/L. In the conventional mercury and antimony electrowinning process, the concentration of mercury and antimony in the solution is generally required to reach more than 80g/L, and the content of mercury and antimony in the electrolyzed solution is still higher than 20 g/L. Therefore, whether the electrolytic extraction of mercury and antimony can be realized or not is the key for mercury tailing detoxification treatment and high-value metal utilization.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for extracting mercury and antimony by strengthening electrolysis of a low-concentration mercury and antimony solution, which solves the problem that mercury and antimony are difficult to electrolyze from a low-concentration solution under the conventional standing or low-flow-rate condition and realizes synchronous extraction of mercury and antimony.
A method for extracting mercury and antimony by strengthening electrolysis of a low-concentration mercury and antimony solution is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the low-concentration solution containing 1-20g/L mercury and 1-15g/L antimony in the storage tank is rapidly input from the bottom of the electrolytic tank at the flow rate of 100-400L/h by using a centrifugal pump, and 50-1000A/m is applied between the cathode and the anode2The current density of the electrolytic bath is electrolyzed, and the solution flows out of the upper part of the electrolytic bath and enters a storage tank, and then enters the electrolytic bath again through a centrifugal pump to realize the circulation of the electrolyte; controlling the temperature of the solution in a storage tank at 20-50 ℃, controlling the temperature of the solution in the storage tank, controlling the electrolysis time to be 1-10h, and collecting mercury-antimony mixed products from the bottom of the electrolytic tank after the electrolysis is finished, wherein the primary electrolysis extraction rates of mercury and antimony are respectively more than 70% and 60%;
the flow rate is preferably in the range of 150-300L/h;
the preferred range of the current density is 100-400A/m2；
The electrolysis temperature is preferably 30-40 ℃;
the electrolysis time is preferably 3 to 8 hours.
The cathode is one of stainless steel, nickel and titanium;
the anode is an inert titanium coating anode.
The method of the invention has the advantages that: the method realizes one-step reinforced electrolytic separation of metal mercury and antimony by the low-concentration mercury and antimony solution, and has the advantages of simple process, high efficiency and environmental friendliness; provides support for harmless treatment of mercury tailings and resource utilization of valuable metals.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail with reference to specific embodiments, but the following embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should include the entire contents of the claims, not limited to the embodiments.
Example 1
The low-concentration solution containing 1g/L mercury and 1.5g/L antimony in the storage tank is rapidly input from the bottom of the electrolytic tank at a flow rate of 400L/h by using a centrifugal pump, and 50A/m of low-concentration solution is applied between a cathode and an anode2The current density of the electrolytic bath is electrolyzed, and the solution flows out of the upper part of the electrolytic bath and enters a storage tank, and then enters the electrolytic bath again through a centrifugal pump to realize the circulation of the electrolyte; controlling the temperature of the solution in a storage tank at 50 ℃, controlling the temperature of the solution in the storage tank, controlling the electrolysis time to be 1h, and collecting mercury-antimony mixed products from the bottom of the electrolytic tank after the electrolysis is finished, wherein the primary electrolysis extraction rates of mercury and antimony are respectively 70% and 60%;
example 2
The low-concentration solution containing 20g/L mercury and 15g/L antimony in the storage tank is rapidly input from the bottom of the electrolytic tank by using a centrifugal pump at the flow rate of 100L/h, and 1000A/m is applied between a cathode and an anode2The current density of the electrolytic bath is electrolyzed, and the solution flows out of the upper part of the electrolytic bath and enters a storage tank, and then enters the electrolytic bath again through a centrifugal pump to realize the circulation of the electrolyte; controlling the temperature of the solution in a storage tank at 20 ℃, controlling the temperature of the solution in the storage tank, carrying out electrolysis for 10 hours, and collecting mercury-antimony mixed products from the bottom of the electrolytic tank after the electrolysis is finished, wherein the primary electrolysis extraction rates of mercury and antimony are respectively more than 71% and 62%;
example 3
The low-concentration solution containing 10g/L mercury and 7g/L antimony in the storage tank is separated from the bottom of the electrolytic bath by a centrifugal pumpThe part is rapidly input, the flow rate is 150L/h, and 300A/m is applied between the cathode and the anode2The current density of the electrolytic bath is electrolyzed, and the solution flows out of the upper part of the electrolytic bath and enters a storage tank, and then enters the electrolytic bath again through a centrifugal pump to realize the circulation of the electrolyte; controlling the temperature of the solution in a storage tank at 30 ℃, controlling the temperature of the solution in the storage tank, controlling the electrolysis time to be 8 hours, and collecting mercury-antimony mixed products from the bottom of the electrolytic tank after the electrolysis is finished, wherein the primary electrolysis extraction rates of mercury and antimony are respectively over 75 percent and over 63 percent;
example 4
The low-concentration solution containing 6g/L mercury and 4g/L antimony in the storage tank is rapidly input from the bottom of the electrolytic tank by using a centrifugal pump at the flow rate of 300L/h, and 500A/m is applied between a cathode and an anode2The current density of the electrolytic bath is electrolyzed, and the solution flows out of the upper part of the electrolytic bath and enters a storage tank, and then enters the electrolytic bath again through a centrifugal pump to realize the circulation of the electrolyte; controlling the temperature of the solution in a storage tank at 40 ℃, controlling the temperature of the solution in the storage tank, carrying out electrolysis for 10 hours, and collecting mercury-antimony mixed products from the bottom of the electrolytic tank after the electrolysis is finished, wherein the primary electrolysis extraction rates of mercury and antimony are respectively more than 81% and 77%;
example 5
The low-concentration solution containing 15g/L mercury and 10g/L antimony in the storage tank is rapidly input from the bottom of the electrolytic tank by using a centrifugal pump at a flow rate of 200L/h, and 400A/m of low-concentration solution is applied between a cathode and an anode2The current density of the electrolytic bath is electrolyzed, and the solution flows out of the upper part of the electrolytic bath and enters a storage tank, and then enters the electrolytic bath again through a centrifugal pump to realize the circulation of the electrolyte; controlling the temperature of the solution in a storage tank at 50 ℃, controlling the temperature of the solution in the storage tank, carrying out electrolysis for 6 hours, and collecting mercury-antimony mixed products from the bottom of the electrolytic tank after the electrolysis is finished, wherein the primary electrolysis extraction rates of mercury and antimony are respectively over 74% and over 61%;
example 6
The storage tank is filled with low-concentration solution containing 12g/L mercury and 10g/L antimony, and 600A/m is applied between the cathode and the anode in a static state2The current density of the mercury-antimony alloy is electrolyzed, the electrolysis temperature is 50 ℃, the electrolysis time is 6 hours, after the electrolysis is finished, mercury-antimony mixed products are collected from the bottom of the electrolytic cell, and the primary electrolysis extraction rates of mercury and antimony are respectively more than 8% and more than 1%;
it should be noted that, according to the above embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can fully implement the full scope of the present invention as defined by the independent claims and the dependent claims, and implement the processes and methods as the above embodiments; and the invention has not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
The above description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for extracting mercury and antimony by strengthening electrolysis of a low-concentration mercury and antimony solution is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the concentrations of mercury and antimony in the low-concentration solution are respectively 1-20g/L and 1-15g/L, Na2S concentration is 20-100g/L, the low-concentration mercury antimony solution in the storage tank is rapidly input from the bottom of the electrolytic tank by using a centrifugal pump at the flow rate of 100-400L/h, and 50-1000A/m is applied between the cathode and the anode2The current density of the electrolytic bath is electrolyzed, and the solution flows out of the upper part of the electrolytic bath and enters a storage tank, and then enters the electrolytic bath again through a centrifugal pump to realize the circulation of the electrolyte; controlling the temperature of the solution in a storage tank at 20-50 ℃, controlling the temperature of the solution in the storage tank, controlling the electrolysis time to be 1-10h, and collecting mercury-antimony mixed products from the bottom of the electrolytic tank after the electrolysis is finished, wherein the primary electrolysis extraction rates of mercury and antimony are respectively more than 70% and 60%.
2. The method for the enhanced electrowinning of mercury antimony from a low concentration mercury antimony solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the flow rate is preferably in the range of 150-300L/h.
3. The method for the enhanced electrowinning of mercury antimony from a low concentration mercury antimony solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the preferred range of the current density is 100-400A/m2。
4. The method for the enhanced electrowinning of mercury antimony from a low concentration mercury antimony solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the electrolysis temperature is preferably 30 to 40 ℃.
5. The method for the enhanced electrowinning of mercury antimony from a low concentration mercury antimony solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the electrolysis time is preferably 3 to 8 hours.
6. The method for the enhanced electrowinning of mercury antimony from a low concentration mercury antimony solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cathode is one of stainless steel, nickel and titanium.
7. The method for the enhanced electrowinning of mercury antimony from a low concentration mercury antimony solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the anode is an inert titanium coating anode.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106367780A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Method for producing antimony by rotational flow electrodeposition of antimony-containing solution |
| CN107312940A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-11-03 | 中科京投环境科技江苏有限公司 | A kind of method that mercury antimony is extracted in mercury antimony composite ore collaboration |
| CN108149280A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-12 | 西安泰金工业电化学技术有限公司 | A kind of swirl electrolysis device compound lead anode of titanium-based pipe network and preparation method thereof |
| CN109182765A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-01-11 | 郴州市金贵银业股份有限公司 | A method of star metal is prepared with antimony cigarette ash |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106367780A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Method for producing antimony by rotational flow electrodeposition of antimony-containing solution |
| CN107312940A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-11-03 | 中科京投环境科技江苏有限公司 | A kind of method that mercury antimony is extracted in mercury antimony composite ore collaboration |
| CN108149280A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-12 | 西安泰金工业电化学技术有限公司 | A kind of swirl electrolysis device compound lead anode of titanium-based pipe network and preparation method thereof |
| CN109182765A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-01-11 | 郴州市金贵银业股份有限公司 | A method of star metal is prepared with antimony cigarette ash |
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