CN110104220A - A kind of fluid-type reaction device - Google Patents

A kind of fluid-type reaction device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110104220A
CN110104220A CN201910380728.4A CN201910380728A CN110104220A CN 110104220 A CN110104220 A CN 110104220A CN 201910380728 A CN201910380728 A CN 201910380728A CN 110104220 A CN110104220 A CN 110104220A
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Prior art keywords
fluid
hollow ring
type reaction
reaction device
fixed
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CN201910380728.4A
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CN110104220B (en
Inventor
翟光
杨少伟
宋国梁
张景瑞
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64GCOSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G1/00Cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/22Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/24Guiding or controlling apparatus, e.g. for attitude control
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64GCOSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G1/00Cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/22Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/24Guiding or controlling apparatus, e.g. for attitude control
    • B64G1/244Spacecraft control systems
    • B64G1/245Attitude control algorithms for spacecraft attitude control
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64GCOSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G1/00Cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/22Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/24Guiding or controlling apparatus, e.g. for attitude control
    • B64G1/36Guiding or controlling apparatus, e.g. for attitude control using sensors, e.g. sun-sensors, horizon sensors
    • B64G1/366Guiding or controlling apparatus, e.g. for attitude control using sensors, e.g. sun-sensors, horizon sensors using magnetometers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of fluid-type reaction devices to belong to field of aerospace technology for the actuator of spacecraft attitude adjustment.Gesture stability and adjustment of the device for spacecraft;The fluid-type reaction device includes executing agency, control unit and mounting bracket;The executing agency includes pedestal, hollow ring and permanent magnet, and hollow ring is fixed on the base by anchor ear, and permanent magnet is mounted on base central and is fixed with blind flange;The hollow ring outer surface is wound by resistance wire, and hollow ring is intracavitary to be full of conductive fluid, and hollow ring is inside and outside and is uniformly distributed four groups of positive and negative electrodes.The gesture stability of spacecraft is realized in the present invention using the rotation of magnetic fluid, quality is small, and at low cost, simple and reliable for structure, the friction between magnetic fluid and hollow ring is small, and loss is low, and it is without friction, it is high-efficient.

Description

A kind of fluid-type reaction device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fluid-type reaction devices to belong to aviation boat for the actuator of spacecraft attitude adjustment Its technical field.
Background technique
The appearance of spacecraft makes the scope of activities of the mankind be expanded to unmeasured vastness cosmic space, realizes human knowledge certainly Right and nature remodeling ability leap.In-orbit spacecraft has directly taken on the tasks such as detection, development and utilization to cosmic space, This generic task proposes the demand of attitude stabilization or attitude maneuver to Spacecraft Attitude Control.Spacecraft attitude stabilization and motor-driven Executing agency is widely noticed always as a key technology of Spacecraft Attitude Control, the momentum based on conservation of angular momentum principle Wheel apparatus is a kind of common technical solution.Existing mature technology is mechanical ball bearing momenttum wheel, mechanical ball bearing momentum There are biggish mechanical friction loss, quality for wheel greatly, structure is complicated, at high cost.The magnetic suspension bearing newly risen connects without machinery Touching, but magnetic suspension bearing is a kind of auxiliary bearing device, needs that other mechanical bearings is cooperated to use, still remains no small Frictional dissipation, and structure is more complicated, it is with high costs.
On the other hand, perturbed force can be generated when the work of traditional flywheel, seriously affects the pointing accuracy of satellite.Perturbed force is drawn Spacecraft structure micro-vibration is played, this micro-vibration can travel on Satellite Camera along flywheel structure, cause the micro- of Satellite Camera Vibration, destroys the imaging precision of camera.It is mainly three kinds following that flywheel disturbs Producing reason: flywheel is uneven, bearing disturbance, Motor disturbance.Flywheel imbalance is the main reason for flywheel generates perturbed force, due to the error of flywheel production technology, leads to rotor There are quality unevenness, although present manufacturing process progress is rapid, the Mass Distribution for reducing flywheel is uneven, can not be complete It eliminates.Therefore the out-of-balance force and torque generated when flywheel work not can avoid, this is one of the main reason of flywheel perturbed force. With flywheel high-speed rotation, then two groups of imbalances can generate perturbed force and disturbing moment respectively.Bearing disturbance is due to bearing work Caused by skill error, when the rotor is turning, bearing fabrication error causes rotor the shake of low frequency or high frequency occur.In addition, flying Perturbed force can be generated when wheel speed zero passage, the torque ripple of direct current generator can also generate perturbed force.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve existing device for adjusting posture, there are the pointing accuracies that serious vibration influences satellite The problem of, a kind of fluid-type reaction device is provided, which provides the moment of momentum by the rotation of charged fluid for spacecraft, real Now to the pose adjustment of spacecraft.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of fluid-type reaction device, comprising: executing agency, control unit and cabinet;Executing agency and control unit It is placed in cabinet;Heat release hole is provided on the case box;Described control unit effect, for handling each sensor measurement data And the direction of current loop and size in feedback control executing agency, including hollow ring positive and negative electrode, electric heating system and Each detection device;
Executing agency includes: hollow ring, pedestal, permanent magnet, resistance wire and electrode;
The pedestal is for placing hollow ring;Permanent magnet is installed on the base, at upper cover or pedestal and upper cover;Then Realize that sealing is fixed by upper cover;Full conductive fluid is filled in the hollow ring;In the inner side and outer side of the hollow ring Process through-hole, the coaxial same aperture of inside and outside side through hole, for installing positive and negative electrode;The positive and negative electrode is contacted with fluid;Resistance Silk is wrapped on hollow ring, electric heating is used for, to guarantee that fluid-type reaction device is in normal working temperature, from low temperature Environmental disturbances;Thermometer is installed, so as to real-time monitoring device temperature on hollow ring.
Ampere force is generated when fluid is powered in hollow ring, the direction of Ampere force is judged by left hand rule.
The pedestal is cannular boss structure, and permanent magnet is placed in boss hollow space, and hollow ring is fixed on outside boss Then side realizes that sealing is fixed by upper cover;
In the case where number of electrodes uses less, moreover it is possible to which the effect got well, the pedestal are to use with groove structure In the placement pole N or the pole S permanent magnet;Hollow ring is fixed on the base, then realizes that sealing is fixed by upper cover;
The conductive fluid includes mercury, crystal liquid metal or other conductive fluid media;
Hollow ring is using nonmetallic materials such as ceramics;
Positive and negative electrode contacts with fluid in hollow ring and uses thread seal and O-ring seal, or using ceramics with The welding technique of metal, electrode and nonmetallic circular ring are welded together.
The material of the cabinet is aluminium alloy;
It further include mounting bracket, fluid-type reaction device is fixed on the mounting bracket;
A kind of fluid-type reaction device disclosed by the invention quotes electromagnetic theory, by closed annulus in magnetic field Interior conductive fluid is powered, and fluid rotates in annulus under ampere power drive, and rotation direction is determined by left hand rule, the present apparatus The positive and negative rotation of fluid can be controlled by changing current direction.Then by Space Vehicle System conservation of angular momentum, overcome disturbance torque, Realize the gesture stability to spacecraft.Fluid-type reaction device attached thermal control system, keep the temperature range of device controlled System guarantees the normal work of system at ± 45 degrees Celsius, installs fluid speed measurement device, accurate to provide required angular momentum.Magnetic is provided The devices such as strong meter, facilitate the size and Orientation in measurement magnetic field, eliminate interference magnetic field to place magnetic torquer.Finally it is fixed on peace Couple on dress bracket with spacecraft.
The utility model has the advantages that
1, a kind of fluid-type reaction device disclosed by the invention, due to not having using mechanical bearing and motor, so dress It is simple to set structure, Mass Distribution is uniform, is solved from the root because of factors such as rotary body is uneven, bearing disturbance, motor disturbances The vibration of generation, the not contact and friction of key part, substantially increases the service life that spacecraft effectively works, reduces Economic cost improves the reliability of spacecraft.
2, a kind of fluid-type reaction device disclosed by the invention, electromagnetism and conservation of angular momentum theory are combined, at Function is applied to Spacecraft Attitude Control field, carries thermal control system, can effectively ensure that the device in the ring of outer space harshness It is worked normally in border.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is fluid-type reaction device embodiment overall structure diagram provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is that the reaction device of fluid-type reaction device provided by the invention executing agency implements exemplary diagram.
Fig. 3 is the hollow ring structural schematic diagram of fluid-type reaction device provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is the base construction schematic diagram of fluid-type reaction device provided by the invention.
Fig. 5 is a kind of single electrode fluid-type reaction device embodiment schematic diagram provided by the invention.
In figure: 1- mounting bracket;2- executing agency;3- control unit;4- cabinet;5- pedestal;6- hollow ring;7- is embraced Hoop;8- permanent magnet;9- blind flange;10- electrode;11- resistance wire;12- bolt.
Specific embodiment
Objects and advantages in order to better illustrate the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawing make a specific embodiment of the invention Further details of explanation.
Embodiment 1
A kind of fluid-type reaction device disclosed by the invention, Fig. 1 are that fluid-type reaction device provided by the invention is real An overall structure diagram is applied, fluid-type reaction device includes mounting bracket 1, executing agency 2 and control unit 3.Execution machine Structure 2 and control unit 3 make cabinet 4 by aluminum alloy casing, and cabinet is with used in blinds in heat dissipation.Mechanism is consolidated by four bolt machinery Surely mounting bracket 1 is arrived.
Fig. 2 is that the reaction device of fluid-type reaction device provided by the invention executing agency implements exemplary diagram.It executes Mechanism includes hollow ring 6, pedestal 5, electromagnetic flowmeter, flux-gate magnetometer and connection mechanical part and conducting wire.Fig. 3 is invention The hollow ring structural schematic diagram of the fluid-type reaction device of offer.Hollow ring 6 can be made using nonmetallic materials such as ceramics With 3D printing processing technology, annulus is interior to fill full conductive fluid.The inner side and outer side of hollow ring 6 is processed logical by the quartering Hole, the coaxial same aperture of inside and outside side through hole, for installing positive and negative electrode, four positive electrodes are mounted on the outside of annulus, four negative electrodes It is mounted on the inside of annulus.Positive and negative electrode contacts with fluid in hollow ring and uses thread seal and O-ring seal, or uses The welding technique of ceramics and metal, electrode and nonmetallic circular ring are welded together.Equidistant uniform winding resistance on hollow ring 6 Silk is used for electric heating, guarantees that fluid-type reaction device is in normal working temperature, interferes from low temperature environment, installs thermometer Real-time monitoring system temperature.Hollow ring 6 is fixed to pedestal 5 by bolt and anchor ear.Fig. 4, which is that the fluid-type of invention offer is counter, to be made With the base construction schematic diagram of device.NS permanent magnet is placed in the central channel of pedestal 5 to be used to provide required magnetic field, uses blind flange Closing.Ampere force is generated when fluid is powered in hollow ring, the direction of Ampere force is judged by left hand rule.
The course of work:
When spacecraft is interfered and needs gesture stability, by the momentum motor for changing fluid-type reaction device Amount, we can absorb the extra angular momentum vector of spacecraft rest part, to achieve the purpose that Spacecraft Attitude Control.
The aggregated momentum moment vector of spacecraft, which is equal to the first derivative of time, acts on the sum of external force moment vector on spacecraft, This is the working principle that reaction device carries out attitude stabilization to spacecraft, the i.e. moment of momentum theorem.
Spacecraft dynamics equation is
There is time t integral at formula (1) both ends
In formula (1) and formula (2), J indicates that total inertia of spacecraft, I indicate the rotary inertia of reaction device, MdIt is space flight The interference moment of face that device is subject to, θ are the attitude misalignments generated by interference moment of face, and Ω is reaction device relative to spacecraft Angular speed, Ω0The initial speed of reaction device when for t=0.
WhenWhen, spacecraft attitude stabilization.I.e.
Formula (3) shows that the impulsive moment for acting on spacecraft is stored into fluid-type reaction device, the device output with MdContrary torque equal in magnitude.
So that positive and negative electrode on hollow ring is powered by control unit, is generated after fluid conductive by permanent magnet in hollow ring Magnetic field penetration be allowed to move in hollow ring at this point, Ampere force can be generated in magnetic field and act on charged fluid.Ampere Power is switched on the active force that conductor is subject in magnetic field.In uniform magnetic field, Ampere force size is
F=BIL sin α (4)
In formula (2), F indicates Ampere force;B is magnetic induction intensity, measures size and Orientation by flux-gate magnetometer;I is electricity The size of stream is measured by ampere meter in control unit;L is the length of conductor, i.e. open circles endless tube interior diameter;α is indicated in conductor The angle of current direction and magnetic induction line.
The plane that the direction of Ampere force F is formed perpendicular to energization fluid and magnetic induction line, is determined by left hand rule.Left hand is fixed Then: stretching out left hand, keep thumb vertical with other four fingers and in a plane, magnetic induction line is allowed to penetrate from the palm of the hand, four refer to and are directed toward electricity Direction is flowed, what thumb was directed toward is exactly ampere force direction (i.e. conductor Impact direction).
It may determine that the direction of motion of fluid according to left hand rule, current direction can be changed by control unit 3 and realized The direction of motion of fluid realizes the positive and negative rotation of moving fluid, the posture of spacecraft is then adjusted flexibly.
Fluid-type reaction device provided by the invention measures the stream of fluid in ring using the working principle of electromagnetic flowmeter Speed.The size of induced electromotive force is determined by Faraday's electromagnetic induction law
E=BLV (5)
E indicates that the electromotive force that fluid motion cutting magnetic induction line generates, B indicate that the magnetic induction intensity in magnetic field, L are in formula (5) The internal diameter of hollow ring, V are the flow velocitys of fluid.
It is obtained by formula (5)
Hollow ring obtains angular speed
After the angular speed for measuring fluid by electromagnetic flowmeter, the moment of momentum of fluid can be obtained
H=J ω (6)
Rotary inertia
In formula (6) formula (7), H is the moment of momentum of fluid, and J is the rotary inertia of fluid, and m, ρ, V respectively indicate the matter of fluid Amount, density and volume, R are distance of the annulus mass center to the ring cross-section center of circle, and r is the radius of ring cross-section circle.
Formula (7) substitution formula (6) is had
H is exactly the moment of momentum caused by charged fluid in formula (8), anti-by spacecraft and the fluid-type in spacecraft Momentum-exchange between acting device controls the posture of spacecraft.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 5 is one other fluid formula reaction device embodiment schematic diagram provided by the invention.The difference of the device It is to contact only with a secondary positive and negative electrode with fluid, and NS permanent magnet is located at the surface and just of pipeline and electrode Lower section.By formula (4) it is found that magnetic induction line generates at this time perpendicular to current direction when permanent magnet is located at electrode or more two sides Ampere force is maximum value.Reduce the open amount on hollow ring in this way, improves fluency and the sealing of confined space Grade reduces the friction of fluid and circle ring inner wall.
In conclusion the above is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, being not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in of the invention Within protection scope.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of fluid-type reaction device, it is characterised in that: include: executing agency, control unit and cabinet;Executing agency and Control unit is placed in cabinet;Heat release hole is provided on the case box;Described control unit effect, for handling each sensor The direction of current loop and size in measurement data and feedback control executing agency, including hollow ring positive and negative electrode, electric heating System and each detection device;
Executing agency includes: hollow ring, pedestal, permanent magnet, resistance wire and electrode;
The pedestal is for placing hollow ring;Permanent magnet is installed on the base, at upper cover or pedestal and upper cover;Then pass through Upper cover realizes that sealing is fixed;Full conductive fluid is filled in the hollow ring;It is processed in the inner side and outer side of the hollow ring Through-hole out, the coaxial same aperture of inside and outside side through hole, for installing positive and negative electrode;The positive and negative electrode is contacted with fluid;Resistance wire twines It is wound on hollow ring, electric heating is used for, to guarantee that fluid-type reaction device is in normal working temperature, from low temperature environment Interference;Thermometer is installed, so as to real-time monitoring device temperature on hollow ring;Ampere is generated when fluid is powered in hollow ring The direction of power, Ampere force is judged by left hand rule.
2. a kind of fluid-type reaction device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include mounting bracket, fluid-type Reaction device is fixed on the mounting bracket.
3. a kind of fluid-type reaction device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pedestal is cannular boss knot Structure, permanent magnet are placed in boss hollow space, and hollow ring is fixed on outside the boss, then realize that sealing is fixed by upper cover.
4. a kind of fluid-type reaction device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pedestal is with groove structure For placing the pole N or the pole S permanent magnet;Hollow ring is fixed on the base, then realizes that sealing is fixed by upper cover.
5. a kind of fluid-type reaction device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the conductive fluid includes mercury, crystalline substance Body liquid metal or other conductive fluid media.
6. a kind of fluid-type reaction device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the hollow ring is using ceramics etc. Nonmetallic materials;The material of the cabinet is aluminium alloy.
7. a kind of fluid-type reaction device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the positive and negative electrode and hollow ring Interior fluid contacts and uses thread seal and O-ring seal, or using the welding technique of ceramics and metal, by electrode and non-gold Belong to annulus to weld together.
CN201910380728.4A 2019-05-08 2019-05-08 Fluid type reaction device Active CN110104220B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110435932A (en) * 2019-08-12 2019-11-12 北京控制工程研究所 A kind of magnetic fluid flywheel for spacecraft

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4732353A (en) * 1985-11-07 1988-03-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Three axis attitude control system
JPS6483497A (en) * 1987-09-24 1989-03-29 Nec Corp Nutation damper
CN1766647A (en) * 2004-09-23 2006-05-03 伊纳拉伯斯技术公司 Magnetofluidic accelerometer with partial filling of cavity with magnetic fluid
CN101633411A (en) * 2009-08-24 2010-01-27 哈尔滨工业大学 Actuating mechanism of spacecraft for integrating heat control and liquid momentum wheel
CN104483972A (en) * 2014-10-31 2015-04-01 上海新跃仪表厂 Spacecraft fluid ring reaction performing mechanism
CN109525092A (en) * 2018-11-27 2019-03-26 上海交通大学 SYMMETRIC ELECTROMAGNETIC structure based on magnetohydrodynamics satellite gravity anomaly executing agency

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4732353A (en) * 1985-11-07 1988-03-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Three axis attitude control system
JPS6483497A (en) * 1987-09-24 1989-03-29 Nec Corp Nutation damper
CN1766647A (en) * 2004-09-23 2006-05-03 伊纳拉伯斯技术公司 Magnetofluidic accelerometer with partial filling of cavity with magnetic fluid
CN101633411A (en) * 2009-08-24 2010-01-27 哈尔滨工业大学 Actuating mechanism of spacecraft for integrating heat control and liquid momentum wheel
CN104483972A (en) * 2014-10-31 2015-04-01 上海新跃仪表厂 Spacecraft fluid ring reaction performing mechanism
CN109525092A (en) * 2018-11-27 2019-03-26 上海交通大学 SYMMETRIC ELECTROMAGNETIC structure based on magnetohydrodynamics satellite gravity anomaly executing agency

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110435932A (en) * 2019-08-12 2019-11-12 北京控制工程研究所 A kind of magnetic fluid flywheel for spacecraft

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