CN110102315A - A kind of preparation and solar energy fixed nitrogen application of the indium sulfide photocatalyst with sulphur vacancy - Google Patents

A kind of preparation and solar energy fixed nitrogen application of the indium sulfide photocatalyst with sulphur vacancy Download PDF

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CN110102315A
CN110102315A CN201910349126.2A CN201910349126A CN110102315A CN 110102315 A CN110102315 A CN 110102315A CN 201910349126 A CN201910349126 A CN 201910349126A CN 110102315 A CN110102315 A CN 110102315A
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indium
acid
room temperature
solvent
organic
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董晓丽
何志漪
王宇
郑楠
马红超
张秀芳
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Dalian Polytechnic University
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Dalian Polytechnic University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/02Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
    • B01J27/04Sulfides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J35/39Photocatalytic properties
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01CAMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C1/00Ammonia; Compounds thereof
    • C01C1/02Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
    • C01C1/04Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05CNITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C3/00Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of indium sulfide photocatalyst with sulphur vacancy, molecular formula In2S3, it is used for high-efficiency solar fixed nitrogen.The preparation method of catalyst, comprising steps of 1, take organic liquid be solvent;2, organic solvent is added in organic matter and indium salts compound;3, it is packed into reaction kettle, carries out isothermal reaction;4, it is cooled to room temperature and is centrifuged and is washed respectively with organic solvent and ethanol solution, collect powder after dry, obtain MIL-68 (In);5, organic alcohol solvent is added in organic sulfur compound, mixes and be sufficiently stirred;6, MIL-68 (In) is added, mixes and is sufficiently stirred;7, it is packed into reaction kettle, carries out isothermal reaction;8, it is cooled to room temperature and is centrifuged and is washed respectively with water and ethanol solution, collect powder after dry, obtain indium sulfide;9, indium sulfide is annealed under nitrogen atmosphere, generates sulphur vacancy.The catalyst that the method for the present invention obtains is environmentally friendly, can be produced in batches, and has high-efficiency solar fixed nitrogen performance.

Description

A kind of preparation and solar energy fixed nitrogen application of the indium sulfide photocatalyst with sulphur vacancy
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of catalysis material technical fields, more specifically to a kind of indium sulfide in sulfur-bearing vacancy The preparation of photochemical catalyst and the application of solar energy fixed nitrogen.
Background technique
Ammonia (NH3) a kind of extremely important chemicals as synthesis of chemicals and chemical fertilizer, it is obtained in industry and agricultural It is widely applied.All the time, traditional NH3Manufacturing method is Haber ammonia process, and the technique is usually using ferrum-based catalyst By single component maximum in earth atmosphere under the reaction condition of high temperature and pressure --- nitrogen and hydrogen (H2) made together With generation ammonia.However this method needs to consume mass energy, therefore, using a kind of low energy consumption and cleaning, safety method with Energy consumption is reduced to be necessary.
Solar energy photocatalytic nitrogen fixation technology, because its reaction condition is mild, high-efficiency environment friendly and be concerned.In this reaction In, semiconductor captures solar energy and generates electron hole pair, high energy electron is provided for activation N ≡ N, to promote its dissociation.But at present Photocatalysis nitrogen fixation technology there are still some drawbacks that such as: photochemical catalyst is low to visible light utilization efficiency, and photo-generate electron-hole is compound Fastly, catalyst does not have enough active sites to N2Carry out chemisorption etc..
Now, more and more photochemical catalysts are used in solar energy fixed nitrogen.Such as: titanium dioxide, oxyhalide, graphite Alkene, molybdenum sulfide etc..Indium sulfide (In2S3) as a kind of applicable photochemical catalyst, there is medium band structure, it can Visible light is directly absorbed, while there is excellent photoelectric sensitivity and hypotoxicity.In addition, a variety of by defect project, doping etc. Method is modified to its, usually there is more carrier transports in reaction, shows better photocatalysis effect.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of that present invention to provide a kind of preparation of photochemical catalyst and its high-efficiency solar fixed nitrogen methods.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of photochemical catalyst of the present invention, catalyst are a kind of photochemical catalyst, which is characterized in that catalyst is with sulphur vacancy Indium sulfide, molecular formula In2S3, structure is hollow 1D structure.
Catalyst provided by the invention, be used for high-efficiency solar fixed nitrogen, be applied particularly to using water as reducing agent efficiently too Positive energy fixed nitrogen light-catalyzed reaction.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of photochemical catalyst, include the following steps:
S1, at room temperature using N,N-dimethylformamide, DMAC N,N' dimethyl acetamide, methylene chloride or dimethyl sulfoxide as Solvent;
S2, above-mentioned solvent is added in organic acid and indium salts compound, mixes and is sufficiently stirred;The organic acid is to benzene two Formic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, M-phthalic acid or dimethyl terephthalate (DMT);The indium salts compound is nitric hydrate indium, water Close inidum chloride, protochloride indium or trifluoromethayl sulfonic acid indium;
S3, after above-mentioned S2 acquired solution is stirred 10~30min, it is packed into the autoclave that pressure is 1~2MPa, into 100~120 DEG C of isothermal reactions of row;
S4, it is cooled to room temperature and is centrifuged and is washed respectively with organic solvent and ethanol solution, collect powder after dry End obtains MIL-68 (In);The organic solvent be N,N-dimethylformamide, DMAC N,N' dimethyl acetamide, methylene chloride or Dimethyl sulfoxide;
S5, at room temperature using ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, isopropanol or glycerine as solvent;
S6, MIL-68 (In) and organosulfur compound are added in above-mentioned alcoholic solvent, mix and is sufficiently stirred;It is described organic Sulfide is thiocarbamide, thiopropionamide, thioacetic acid, sodium thiosulfate or thioacetamide;
S7, it after above-mentioned S6 solution is stirred 10~30min, is fitted into the autoclave that pressure is 1~2MPa, carries out 150~180 DEG C of isothermal reactions;
S8, it is cooled to room temperature and is centrifuged and is washed respectively with water and ethanol solution, collect powder after dry and obtain Indium sulfide;
S9, by indium sulfide under nitrogen atmosphere with 100~300 DEG C of 1~3h of calcining, heating rate is 3~10 DEG C/h, is obtained Indium sulfide with sulphur vacancy.
Wherein, in step S6, the organic sulfur compound is thiocarbamide, thiopropionamide, thioacetic acid, sodium thiosulfate or sulphur For acetamide.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of photochemical catalyst, specifically includes the following steps:
S1, at room temperature by 6~12mL N,N-dimethylformamide, DMAC N,N' dimethyl acetamide, methylene chloride or dimethyl Sulfoxide is as solvent;
S2, above-mentioned solvent is added in 0.2~0.4g organic acid and 0.4~0.8g indium salts compound, mixes and is sufficiently stirred; The organic acid is terephthalic acid (TPA), adipic acid, azelaic acid, M-phthalic acid or dimethyl terephthalate (DMT);The indium salts Conjunction object is nitric hydrate indium, chloride hydrate indium, protochloride indium or trifluoromethayl sulfonic acid indium;
S3, it after above-mentioned S2 acquired solution is stirred 10~30min, is fitted into the autoclave that pressure is 1~2MPa, Carry out 100~120 DEG C of isothermal reactions;
S4, it is cooled to room temperature and is centrifuged and is washed 6 times with organic solvent and ethanol solution respectively, 60~80 Powder is collected after drying at DEG C, obtains MIL-68 (In);The organic solvent is N,N-dimethylformamide, N, N- dimethyl second Amide, methylene chloride or dimethyl sulfoxide;
S5, at room temperature using 40~80mL ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, isopropanol or glycerine as molten Agent;
S6, above-mentioned alcoholic solvent is added in 0.01~0.03g MIL-68 (In) and 0.6~1.2g organic sulfur compound, mixing is simultaneously It is sufficiently stirred;The organic sulfur compound is thiocarbamide, thiopropionamide, thioacetic acid, sodium thiosulfate or thioacetamide;
S7, it after above-mentioned S6 acquired solution is stirred 10~30min, is fitted into the autoclave that pressure is 1~2MPa, Carry out 150~180 DEG C of isothermal reactions;
S8, it is cooled to room temperature and is centrifuged and is washed 6 times with water and ethanol solution respectively, it is dry at 60~80 DEG C Afterwards, it collects powder and obtains indium sulfide;
S9, by indium sulfide under nitrogen atmosphere with 100~300 DEG C calcine, heating rate be 3~10 DEG C/h, heat preservation 1~ It is cooled to room temperature after 2h, obtains the indium sulfide with sulphur vacancy.
Wherein, when isothermal reaction described in step S3, it is 60% that the volume for filling solution, which accounts for the ratio of autoclave liner volume, ~90%, the reaction time is 3~5h;When isothermal reaction described in step S8, the volume for filling solution accounts for autoclave liner volume Ratio is 60%~90%, and the reaction time is 24~48h.
The present invention provides a kind of methods using above-mentioned catalyst solar energy fixed nitrogen, comprising the following steps: to 50~ 10~50mg photochemical catalyst is added in 150mL water, and maintains 5~20 DEG C, before carrying out photocatalysis, 30~60min of stirring, then 40~120min is stirred under illumination, filters out catalyst with 0.1~0.4 μm of filter later.
The present invention has the advantage that
Photochemical catalyst of the invention not only can use solar energy and convert ammonia for nitrogen, but also possess higher quantum effect Rate.Using water as reducing agent under sunlight, SV-In2S3Photochemical catalyst produces 52.49 μm of ol ammonias per hour per gram, and ammonia generates Amount is In2S31.5 times.It has broad application prospects to the production ammonia energy, reduction environmental pollution etc., is urged to produce the type Agent provides certain theoretical basis.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the XRD diffraction pattern of 1 catalyst of embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of 1 catalyst of embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the UV-vis abosrption spectrogram of 1 catalyst of embodiment.
Fig. 4 is that the forbidden bandwidth of 1 catalyst of embodiment estimates spectrogram.
Fig. 5 is the current versus time curve figure of 1 catalyst of embodiment.
Fig. 6 is the AC impedance figure of 1 catalyst of embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the solar energy nitrogen fixation effect figure of Examples 1 to 3 catalyst.
Specific embodiment
The present invention a kind of preparation and high-efficiency solar fixed nitrogen method of the indium sulfide photocatalyst containing sulphur vacancy, belong to light Catalysis material technical field.This method comprises the following steps: 1, using organic liquid as solvent;2, by organic acid and indium salts compound Above-mentioned solvent is added, mix and is sufficiently stirred;3, it is fitted into reaction kettle, carries out isothermal reaction;4, it is cooled to room temperature and is centrifuged It separates and is repeatedly washed with organic solvent and ethanol solution respectively, collect powder after dry, obtain MIL-68 (In);5, it takes organic Alcohol is as solvent;6, the alcoholic solvent is added in MIL-68 (In) and organic sulfur compound, mixes and is sufficiently stirred;7, it is packed into reaction In kettle, isothermal reaction is carried out;8, it is cooled to room temperature and is centrifuged and is washed respectively with water and ethanol solution, collected after dry Powder obtains indium sulfide;9, indium sulfide is annealed under nitrogen atmosphere, generates sulphur vacancy, obtains the sulphur containing sulphur vacancy Change indium.The indium sulfide photocatalyst containing sulphur vacancy that the method for the present invention obtains is environmentally friendly, material source is extensive, method is controllable And it is easy to operate, can be produced in batches, have good solar energy photocatalytic fixed nitrogen performance.
Below with reference to the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, to make clear, complete statement to the technical program.Below Described embodiment is only a part of the invention, is not whole embodiments.Those skilled in the art is according to this The content of invention is made some nonessential improvement and is all belonged to the scope of protection of the present invention.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of photochemical catalysts, provide a kind of preparation method of photochemical catalyst, mention simultaneously For a kind of photocatalysis method of high-efficiency solar fixed nitrogen.
In the present invention using N,N-dimethylformamide, DMAC N,N' dimethyl acetamide, methylene chloride or dimethyl sulfoxide as Solvent is reacted at room temperature;The solvent includes but is not limited to N, N- dimethylformamide, DMAC N,N' dimethyl acetamide, two Chloromethanes or dimethyl sulfoxide are as solvent.
Above-mentioned solvent is added in organic acid and indium salts compound, mixes and is sufficiently stirred;The organic acid is terephthaldehyde Acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, M-phthalic acid or dimethyl terephthalate (DMT);The indium salts compound is nitric hydrate indium, hydration Inidum chloride, protochloride indium or trifluoromethayl sulfonic acid indium.After stirring 10~30min, it is 1~2MPa's that mixed solution, which is packed into pressure, In autoclave, 100~120 DEG C of isothermal reactions are carried out, after keeping the temperature 24~48h, are cooled to room temperature, be centrifuged and are divided It is not washed with organic solvent and ethanol solution, collects powder after dry, obtain MIL-68 (In).Wherein, when synthetic reaction, filling The ratio that the volume of solution accounts for autoclave liner volume is 60%~90%.
Using 40~80mL ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, isopropanol or glycerine as solvent, at room temperature It is reacted;The alcohol includes but is not limited to ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, isopropanol or glycerine.
The alcoholic solvent is added in 0.01~0.03g MIL-68 (In) and 0.6~1.2g organic sulfur compound, mixes and fills Divide stirring, mixing time is 10~30min;The organic sulfur compound includes but is not limited to thiocarbamide, thiopropionamide, thio second Acid, sodium thiosulfate or thioacetamide;
It is fitted into the autoclave that pressure is 1~2MPa after above-mentioned solution is stirred to clarify solution in the present invention, into 150~180 DEG C of isothermal reactions of row.Product, which is cooled to room temperature, to be centrifuged and is washed 4~8 times with water and ethanol solution respectively, Powder is collected after 50~80 DEG C of dryings.Wherein, when synthetic reaction, the volume for filling solution accounts for the ratio of autoclave liner volume It is 60%~90%, the reaction time is 3~5h.
The present invention provides a kind of methods using above-mentioned catalyst solar energy fixed nitrogen, comprising the following steps: to 50~ 10~50mg photochemical catalyst is added in 150mL water, and maintains temperature of reaction system at 5~20 DEG C, before carrying out photocatalysis, stirring 30~60min, then 40~120min is stirred under light illumination, catalyst is filtered out with 0.1~0.4 μm of filter later.
Compared with existing photocatalysis technology, the present invention is had the advantage that
(1) photochemical catalyst of the invention not only has good solar energy fixed nitrogen performance, but also possesses higher quantum effect Rate.Using water as reducing agent under sunlight, SV-In2S3Photochemical catalyst generates 52.49 μm of ol ammonias per hour per gram, and ammonia produces Raw amount is In2S31.5 times.It has broad application prospects to the production ammonia energy, reduction environmental pollution etc., to produce the type Catalyst provides certain theoretical basis.
(2)SV-In2S3The preparation method of catalysis material is environmentally protective, easy to operate, cheap, wants to special installation Ask low, controllability is strong, has certain practicability.
Embodiment 1
0.408g nitric hydrate indium, 0.2g terephthalic acid (TPA) are added to 12mL N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solution In, it is packed into 1~2MPa autoclave after 30min to clear solution is sufficiently stirred, carries out 100 DEG C of incubation water heating reaction 48h. Product, which is cooled to room temperature, to be centrifuged and is washed 6 times with n,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) and ethanol solution respectively, in 60 DEG C vacuum drying after collect powder, obtain MIL-68 (In).0.01g MIL-68 (In), 0.6g thiocarbamide are added to 80mL second In alcoholic solution, it is packed into 1~2MPa autoclave after 30min to clear solution is sufficiently stirred, carries out 180 DEG C of incubation water heating reactions 3h.Product, which is cooled to room temperature, to be centrifuged and is washed 6 times with water and ethanol solution respectively, collects powder after dry in 60 DEG C, Obtain In2S3.The In that will be obtained2S3Powder is calcined in a nitrogen atmosphere, calcination temperature be 300 DEG C, heating rate be 5 DEG C/ H is cooled to room temperature after keeping the temperature 1~2h, obtains the indium sulfide that final product has sulphur vacancy, molecular formula In2S3, with SV-In2S3- 300 indicate.
Fig. 1 is the SV-In that the present embodiment obtains2S3- 300 photochemical catalyst XRD diffracting spectrums, through being compared with PDF standard card It learns, the In obtained for β phase2S3
Fig. 2 is the SV-In that the present embodiment obtains2S3- 300 photochemical catalyst scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs, being obtained is with the hollow knot of 1D The interior diameter of structure is about 1.0 μm, and overall diameter is about 2.0 μm, and length is about 4~5 μm of club-shaped material.
Fig. 3 is the SV-In that the present embodiment obtains2S3- 300 photochemical catalyst UV-vis absorption spectrums, compared to pure In2S3It inhales Bian Hongyi is received, is obviously improved in visible-range internal absorbance, there is stronger light abstraction width.
Fig. 4 is the SV-In that the present embodiment obtains2S3The forbidden bandwidth of -300 photochemical catalysts estimates map, the band of resulting materials Gap relative narrower accelerates electron-transport speed, to promote photocatalytic activity.
Fig. 5 is the SV-In that the present embodiment obtains2S3- 300 photochemical catalyst photocurrent-time curve figures, before calcining Pure phase In2S3, have stronger photoelectric current, illustrate to have efficiently separated light induced electron and hole.
Fig. 6 is the SV-In that the present embodiment obtains2S3- 300 photochemical catalyst AC impedance figures, compared to pure phase In2S3, show Lesser resistance, at the same illustrate it is for the recombination rate of photo-generated carrier low, it is preferable to promote charge conversion and efficiently separate.
Embodiment 2
0.408g nitric hydrate indium, 0.2g terephthalic acid (TPA) are added to 12mL N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solution In, it is packed into 1~2MPa autoclave after 30min to clear solution is sufficiently stirred, carries out 100 DEG C of incubation water heating reaction 48h. Product, which is cooled to room temperature, to be centrifuged and is washed 6 times with n,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) and ethanol solution respectively, in 60 DEG C vacuum drying after collect powder, obtain MIL-68 (In).0.01g MIL-68 (In), 0.6g thiocarbamide are added to 80mL second In alcoholic solution, it is packed into 1~2MPa autoclave after 30min to clear solution is sufficiently stirred, carries out 180 DEG C of incubation water heating reactions 3h.Product, which is cooled to room temperature, to be centrifuged and is washed 6 times with water and ethanol solution respectively, collects powder after dry in 60 DEG C, Obtain In2S3.The In that will be obtained2S3Powder is calcined in a nitrogen atmosphere, calcination temperature be 200 DEG C, heating rate be 5 DEG C/ H is cooled to room temperature after keeping the temperature 1~2h, obtains the indium sulfide that final product has sulphur vacancy, molecular formula In2S3, with SV-In2S3- 200 indicate.
Embodiment 3
0.408g nitric hydrate indium, 0.2g terephthalic acid (TPA) are added to 12mL N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solution In, it is packed into 1~2MPa autoclave after 30min to clear solution is sufficiently stirred, carries out 100 DEG C of incubation water heating reaction 48h. Product, which is cooled to room temperature, to be centrifuged and is washed 6 times with n,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) and ethanol solution respectively, in 60 DEG C vacuum drying after collect powder, obtain MIL-68 (In).0.01g MIL-68 (In), 0.6g thiocarbamide are added to 80mL second In alcoholic solution, it is packed into 1~2MPa autoclave after 30min to clear solution is sufficiently stirred, carries out 180 DEG C of incubation water heating reactions 3h.Product, which is cooled to room temperature, to be centrifuged and is washed 6 times with water and ethanol solution respectively, collects powder after dry in 60 DEG C, Obtain final product In2S3
The test of solar energy photocatalytic fixed nitrogen is carried out for Examples 1 to 3 sample.
All photocatalysis, which are tested, to be executed at 10~25 DEG C with 300W xenon lamp simulated solar irradiation.For photocatalysis fixed nitrogen mistake Journey: being added 0.02g catalyst and 100mL deionized water in quartzy photo catalysis reactor, and being passed through cooling circulating water will reaction System temperature maintains 15 DEG C.Before carrying out photocatalysis, it is passed through the high pure nitrogen that flow velocity is 80mL/min, is stirred under no light 30min, then every 15min takes out 5mL solution under 300W Xenon light shining.It is further filtered with 0.22 μm of filter, and instills Na Shi Reagent measures absorbance under ultraviolet specrophotometer 420nm wavelength.Photocatalysis fixed nitrogen is carried out for Examples 1 to 3 sample Test.
Fig. 7 illustrates 1 hour solar energy photocatalytic nitrogen fixation effect of Examples 1 to 3 catalyst.It is obvious that embodiment 2 is urged Agent shows optimal photocatalysis solar energy photocatalytic nitrogen fixation effect, and photochemical catalyst generates 52.49 μm of ol ammonia per hour per gram Gas.It is 35.56 μm of ol/ (hg) that 1 catalyst of embodiment, which generates ammonia amount, and it is 47.41 μ that 3 catalyst of embodiment, which generates ammonia amount, Mol/ (hg), to find out, photochemical catalyst SV-In of the invention2S3- 200 possess brilliant photocatalysis nitrogen fixation effect.
Catalyst provided by the invention is used for solar energy photocatalytic fixed nitrogen.Since length is limited, total Test can not be enumerated Data, the present invention only provide part test data and support beneficial effects of the present invention.
In order to preferably utilize In2S3Fixed nitrogen light-catalyzed reaction is carried out, present invention employs in a nitrogen atmosphere with certain temperature The method calcined is spent, the 1D hollow rod-shape structure indium sulfide with sulphur vacancy has been successfully prepared.Catalyst presents good Solar energy photocatalytic fixed nitrogen performance.Since there is indium sulfide hollow and surface lamellar structure can increase contact area, simultaneously With relatively narrow forbidden bandwidth, enhance the absorption to visible light.After calcining in nitrogen, the sulphur vacancy of generation can increase material Active site, promote its photocatalytic activity.Therefore, so that this material is under sunlight, there is good photocatalysis fixed nitrogen effect Fruit.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, Anyone skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of photochemical catalyst, which is characterized in that catalyst is the indium sulfide with sulphur vacancy, molecular formula In2S3
2. photochemical catalyst according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the 1D hollow structure of the indium sulfide with sulphur vacancy.
3. a kind of purposes of catalyst as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that for responding solar energy photocatalytic fixed nitrogen.
4. the purposes of catalyst according to claim 3, which is characterized in that be applied to by nitrogen source, water of nitrogen be reducing agent Solar energy fixed nitrogen light-catalyzed reaction.
5. a kind of preparation method of photochemical catalyst, which comprises the steps of:
S1, at room temperature using N,N-dimethylformamide, DMAC N,N' dimethyl acetamide, methylene chloride or dimethyl sulfoxide as molten Agent;
S2, above-mentioned solvent is added in organic acid and indium salts compound, mixes and is sufficiently stirred;The organic acid is terephthaldehyde Acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, M-phthalic acid or dimethyl terephthalate (DMT);The indium salts compound is nitric hydrate indium, hydration Inidum chloride, protochloride indium or trifluoromethayl sulfonic acid indium;
S3, the autoclave that pressure is 1~2MPa will be packed into after above-mentioned S2 acquired solution stirs 10~30min, 100~ 120 DEG C are reacted;
S4, it is cooled to room temperature and is centrifuged and is washed respectively with organic solvent and ethanol solution, collect powder after dry, obtain To MIL-68 (In);The organic solvent is N,N-dimethylformamide, DMAC N,N' dimethyl acetamide, methylene chloride or dimethyl Sulfoxide;
S5, at room temperature using ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, isopropanol or glycerine as solvent;
S6, MIL-68 (In) and organosulfur compound are added in above-mentioned alcoholic solvent, mix and is sufficiently stirred;
S7, it after above-mentioned S6 solution is stirred 10~30min, is fitted into the autoclave that pressure is 1~2MPa, 150~180 It DEG C is reacted;
S8, it is cooled to room temperature and is centrifuged and is washed respectively with water and ethanol solution, collect powder after dry and vulcanized Indium;
S9, by indium sulfide under nitrogen atmosphere with 100~300 DEG C of 1~3h of calcining, heating rate is 3~10 DEG C/h, is had The indium sulfide in sulphur vacancy.
6. the preparation method of photochemical catalyst according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in step S6, the organic sulfur compound For thiocarbamide, thiopropionamide, thioacetic acid, sodium thiosulfate or thioacetamide.
7. according to the preparation method of any photochemical catalyst of claim 5~6, which comprises the following steps:
S1, at room temperature by 6~12mL N,N-dimethylformamide, DMAC N,N' dimethyl acetamide, methylene chloride or dimethyl sulfoxide As solvent;
S2, above-mentioned solvent is added in 0.2~0.4g organic acid and 0.4~0.8g indium salts compound, mixes and is sufficiently stirred;It is described Organic acid is terephthalic acid (TPA), adipic acid, azelaic acid, M-phthalic acid or dimethyl terephthalate (DMT);The indium salts compound For nitric hydrate indium, chloride hydrate indium, protochloride indium or trifluoromethayl sulfonic acid indium;
S3, it after above-mentioned S2 acquired solution is stirred 10~30min, is fitted into the autoclave that pressure is 1~2MPa, carries out 100~120 DEG C of isothermal reactions;
S4, it is cooled to room temperature and is centrifuged and is washed 6 times with organic solvent and ethanol solution respectively, in 60~80 DEG C of dryings After collect powder, obtain MIL-68 (In);The organic solvent is N,N-dimethylformamide, DMAC N,N' dimethyl acetamide, two Chloromethanes or dimethyl sulfoxide;
It is S5, molten as alcohol for 40~80mL ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, isopropanol or glycerine at room temperature Agent;
S6, above-mentioned alcoholic solvent is added in 0.01~0.03g MIL-68 (In) and 0.6~1.2g organic sulfur compound, mixed and abundant Stirring;The organic sulfur compound is thiocarbamide, thiopropionamide, thioacetic acid, sodium thiosulfate or thioacetamide;
S7, it after above-mentioned S6 acquired solution is stirred 10~30min, is fitted into the autoclave that pressure is 1~2MPa, 150 ~180 DEG C are reacted;
S8, it is cooled to room temperature and is centrifuged and is washed repeatedly with water and ethanol solution respectively, after dry at 60~80 DEG C, It collects powder and obtains indium sulfide;
S9, by indium sulfide under nitrogen atmosphere with 100~300 DEG C calcine, heating rate be 3~10 DEG C/h, keep the temperature 1~2h after it is cold But to room temperature, the indium sulfide with sulphur vacancy is obtained.
8. the preparation method of solar energy fixed nitrogen photochemical catalyst according to claim 7, which is characterized in that constant temperature described in step S3 When reaction, it is 60%~90% that the volume for filling solution, which accounts for the ratio of autoclave liner volume, and the reaction time is 3~5h;Step Described in S8 when isothermal reaction, it is 60%~90% that the volume for filling solution, which accounts for the ratio of autoclave liner volume, and the reaction time is 24~48h.
9. a kind of method that can be carried out fixed nitrogen using the sun using above-mentioned catalyst, which is characterized in that add into 50~150mL water Enter 10~50mg photochemical catalyst, and maintenance system temperature is 5~20 DEG C, before carrying out photocatalysis, 30~60min of stirring, then 40~120min is stirred under illumination.
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