CN110096846B - Machine room engineering cable arrangement method - Google Patents

Machine room engineering cable arrangement method Download PDF

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CN110096846B
CN110096846B CN201910508278.2A CN201910508278A CN110096846B CN 110096846 B CN110096846 B CN 110096846B CN 201910508278 A CN201910508278 A CN 201910508278A CN 110096846 B CN110096846 B CN 110096846B
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向洪懿
卢挺丰
孙伟
毛伟栋
李焕
李佳铭
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Tonghao Changsha Rail Traffic Control Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for arranging cables in machine room engineering, which comprises the following steps: step 1, numbering cabinets from small to large according to the direction from a ground groove to an adjacent row, and numbering holes leading to the outside of a machine room according to a cabinet numbering principle; step 2, after the numbering of the cabinet is finished, subtracting the maximum cabinet number from the minimum cabinet number to determine the maximum difference value of the cabinet numbers; step 3, calculating the maximum number of cables allowed to be laid; step 4, sorting and collecting all cables in the machine room; step 5, setting up the arrangement sequence of different wire diameters; and 6, finishing the arrangement of all cables according to the cable arrangement basis. According to the invention, the corresponding staggered arrangement treatment and the like are carried out in advance according to the arrangement intersection points of the cables, so that the intersection of the cables in the arrangement process is reduced, and the attractiveness of the engineering cables in the geosyncline is improved.

Description

Machine room engineering cable arrangement method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cable arrangement method for machine room engineering, in particular to a cable arrangement method suitable for a machine room geosyncline.
Background
In the fields of urban rail transit, high-speed rail and building intelligence, machine room engineering is an important part of an intelligent system, the machine room has a large number of construction contents and a large engineering quantity, and the machine room covers the technologies of building decoration, power supply, illumination, lightning protection, grounding, UPS uninterrupted power supply, precise air conditioning, environment monitoring, fire alarm, fire extinguishing, entrance guard, theft prevention, comprehensive wiring, system integration and the like. The machine room is of various types, and is roughly divided into the following parts according to different functions: the computer room or information network room (network switch, server group, program controlled switch, etc.) is characterized by large area, no interruption of power supply and air conditioner, and is the core of comprehensive wiring and information network equipment; a monitoring machine room (a television monitoring wall, a matrix host, a picture splitter, a hard disk video recorder, an anti-theft alarm host, a coder/decoder, building automatic control, entrance guard and a garage management host room) is an important component for realizing the security function; a fire-fighting machine room (a fire alarm host, a fire-fighting linkage console, an emergency broadcasting cabinet and the like) is an important component for realizing a fire-fighting function. In addition, there are shield rooms, satellite television rooms, and the like.
The cable laying and binding are main links for embodying the construction process of machine room engineering, and the construction method commonly adopted in the industry at present is to arrange cables manually, and then lay and bind the cables according to an arrangement scheme after the cables are arranged. The traditional cable arrangement method cannot visually see the arrangement positions of the cables, cannot comprehensively consider and reasonably distribute the cable arrangement space, and is inconvenient for optimizing and adjusting the cross part; the method has the defects of low efficiency, high labor cost, non-ideal arrangement effect and the like, and can not meet the construction process requirements of machine room engineering.
The most ideal arrangement condition of the cables in the machine room engineering is shown in fig. 1, namely the cables are laid to the terminal cabinet equipment ports from the head-end cabinet equipment ports through the bridge frame according to the port arrangement sequence, and all the cables are not crossed in the whole process. In the actual machine room engineering construction, the arrangement mode can hardly be realized for the following reasons:
when cables are laid to the equipment ports of the tail-end equipment cabinet according to the arrangement sequence of the equipment ports, if the positions of the tail-end equipment cabinets are respectively arranged at two sides of the head-end equipment cabinet, or the arrangement sequence of the tail-end equipment cabinets is opposite to that of the head-end equipment ports, the cables are crossed, as shown in fig. 2 and 3; since the device ports are usually allocated according to professional characteristics or system requirements, the above cross condition can occur inevitably, so the arrangement mode in fig. 1 is an ideal condition, and cannot be realized in construction due to the arrangement position of the cabinet and the device port allocation.
The traditional cable arrangement scheme is generally divided into two types, the first scheme is that cables in the cabinets are completely arranged according to the cabinet sequence, the arrangement of the rest cabinets is sequentially completed according to the flow, and cables of each cabinet are distributed into independent arrangement spaces. The space in the ground groove or the cabling rack can not be fully and reasonably utilized by the scheme, the cables are loose in arrangement and messy in appearance, and the technical requirements of machine room engineering can not be met; before construction, a reasonable method is not available for checking whether the schemes are crossed, the arrangement thought depends on the experience of technicians, and systematic arrangement basis is lacked.
The second scheme is that cables related to the cabinet in the row are divided into cables in the same row, cables in the first row adjacent to the cables in the second row, cables in the 8230, cables in the second row adjacent to the cables in the first row, and cables classified in the first row are sequentially arranged from top to bottom and from left to right. Compared with the first scheme, the scheme has the advantages of higher space utilization rate, compact appearance and easy understanding of reasonable classification thought by constructors. However, as with the first solution, there is a lack of effective methods for cross-checking, relying primarily on the arrangement experience of the technician; in addition, the cross generated by the scheme is difficult to adjust, repeated modification of the scheme is caused by local cross, and a reasonable arrangement scheme still cannot be obtained after a large amount of time and energy are consumed.
In order to reasonably utilize the arrangement space, the number of rows of cables which need to be planned in advance on the same section of a geosyncline or a cabling rack is reduced by increasing the number of rows, the overall height of the cables is reduced, the purpose of fully utilizing the arrangement space is achieved, the increase of the number of rows easily causes the increase of cross parts, therefore, the cables need to be screened and classified in advance, the number of rows is increased while the cross is avoided, and the traditional cable arrangement scheme depending on the arrangement experience of technical personnel cannot be realized.
The distribution of the device ports determines that cable crossover inevitably occurs when hundreds, thousands or even more cables are arranged. In the construction process, in order to achieve the purposes of reasonable layout, beautiful process and maximum utilization of arrangement space, a proper method is needed for treating cable crossing.
In order to handle cable crossings reasonably, on the one hand, an effective method is needed to reduce the number of crossings as much as possible, such as layering; on the other hand, it is necessary to find a suitable location for storing the cable crossings.
For machine room engineering, the interior of a cabinet and equipment wiring are undoubtedly important parts for embodying a construction process; the arrangement of cables in the ground trough or the cabling rack is also an important content of the construction process, so that the cross can only be stored in the base of the cabinet.
For cable crossings in a trough or rack, it is common to lay two intersecting cables in layers, which, although the cable crossings are solved in the trough or rack, are essentially solved by storing the crossings in the cabinet base. It should be noted that the method of moving the cable that has crossed the cable is essentially to move the crossing from this position to another position, and thus the crossing is partially seen to be solved, and the crossing is still present as a whole.
In order to solve the problems in the conventional cable arrangement, a specific technical method or means is urgently needed, and a clear and scientific cable arrangement basis and construction method are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for arranging engineering cables in a machine room, which reduces the crossing of the cables during arrangement and increases the aesthetic property of the engineering cables in a geosyncline by carrying out corresponding staggered arrangement treatment and the like in advance according to the crossing points of the cable arrangement.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the machine room engineering cable arrangement method comprises the following steps:
step 1, numbering cabinets from small to large according to the direction from a ground groove to an adjacent row, and numbering holes leading to the outside of a machine room according to a cabinet numbering principle; the cabinet determines the position according to an actual construction drawing;
step 2, after the numbering of the cabinet is finished, subtracting the maximum cabinet number from the minimum cabinet number to determine the maximum difference value of the cabinet numbers;
step 3, determining the maximum number of cables allowed to be laid in each layer of arrangement space according to the number of wire arranging devices with the same section and the same layer, and calculating as follows:
Figure 628918DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(formula one), wherein S is the maximum number of cables which can be laid on each layer of the same section and have the same diameter, and is an integer; a is the maximum cable number which can be contained by the single cable arranging device, and is an integer; n is the total number of wire arranging devices with the same section and the same layer;
step 4, arranging and summarizing all cables of the machine room, wherein each cable indicates the serial number of a head end cabinet, a tail end cabinet, a head end cabinet and a tail end cabinet and the model of the cable, dividing strong and weak current slots according to professional requirements, recording the wire diameter of each type of cable, and sequencing according to the absolute value of the serial number difference value of the head end cabinet and the tail end cabinet of each cable from large to small;
step 5, setting an arrangement sequence of different wire diameters according to professional characteristics and requirements;
and 6, finishing the arrangement of all cables according to the cable arrangement basis: preferentially arranging all cables which are led to the outside of the machine room through the opening, and sequentially arranging the cables with the same diameter from large to small according to the cable diameter arrangement sequence and the serial number difference value of the cabinets at the head end and the tail end until all the cables which pass through the opening are finished;
the rest cables except the cables led to the outside of the machine room through the hole are arranged in a line diameter arrangement sequence in a category-by-category manner; when the cables with the same diameter are arranged, the cables are sequentially arranged layer by layer from the bottommost layer upwards, and each layer is arranged one by one from large to small according to the number difference of the first cabinet and the tail cabinet; judging whether the cables arranged currently are crossed with the previous cable, if so, arranging the current cable to the next layer, and repeating the steps until the arrangement number reaches the maximum allowable arrangement number; and arranging the small-difference cables in the rest space according to a certain condition, wherein the arrangement scheme with the maximum difference sum of all cables in the same layer under the condition of meeting the certain condition is the optimal arrangement scheme of the layer. And repeating the steps until the arrangement of all the cables with the wire diameter is completed.
The basis is arranged to the cable:
all cabinets are numbered from left to right, from top to bottom in sequence. It can be observed that all the cables without crossing can be regarded as completely "surrounding" one cable with the other, and the cabinet and the cables form a closed loop, as shown in fig. 4. In case of crossing, the cabinet and the cables will form two crossed closed loops, and the crossing point is the crossing point of the cable arrangement, as shown in fig. 5. From this, one condition that is satisfied for non-crossing cable arrangements can be derived:
ia is less than or equal to IIc, ib is less than or equal to IId (formula II),
similarly, two cables may not intersect each other when they are not in the "surrounding" relationship, as shown in fig. 6. The following conditions can be derived from this:
ia < Ib < IIc < IId (formula III)
In the second formula and the third formula, I is a cable with the number I, II is a cable with the number II, a is a head end cabinet of the cable I, b is a tail end cabinet of the cable I, c is a head end cabinet of the cable II, and d is a tail end cabinet of the cable II;
the following conditions are also satisfied when the formula three is satisfied:
C +C ≤C max (formula IV)
Formula I-cable number I;
II-number II cable;
C the difference value of the serial number a of the head-end cabinet and the serial number b of the tail-end cabinet of the cable I;
C the difference between the number c of the head-end cabinet and the number d of the tail-end cabinet of the cable I;
C max maximum difference of numbering of head and tail ends of machine cabinet in machine room;
when C is present +C >C max In time, an intersection condition as shown in fig. 7 occurs.
The second formula can be used for judging whether the cables needing to be arranged are crossed or not, and the cables needing to be arranged in a staggered layer can be screened out to avoid crossing according to the second formula; through the third formula, cables with different lengths can be distributed in the same layer space and do not intersect with each other, a more reasonable same-layer cable distribution scheme can be formulated according to the third formula, and the cable distribution space is utilized to the greatest extent.
Meanwhile, the third and fourth modes also provide an overall arrangement idea for the cable arrangement scheme, namely, the cable with the longest length is preferentially arranged in each layer of space, and the cables with shorter lengths are combined in the rest space. The purpose of this arrangement is two-fold: firstly, cables which are preferentially arranged are enabled to surround cables which are subsequently arranged as much as possible, so that crossing is avoided; and secondly, the overhead wire arranging device for increasing the height is reduced, the use number of the wire arranging device is reduced, and the cost is saved.
The method for arranging the cables in the machine room engineering provided by the invention provides a theoretical basis for arranging the cables in the machine room engineering, so as to formulate a scheme for arranging the cables in the machine room engineering, carry out corresponding staggered arrangement treatment and the like in advance according to the cross points of the cable arrangement, reduce the cross of the cables and improve the attractiveness of the engineering cables in a geosyncline; the cable arrangement method provided by the invention can form a general formulation flow for the cable arrangement of the machine room engineering, and solves the problems that the traditional cable arrangement method completely depends on personal experience and lacks reasonable basis; the method can avoid field reworking and material waste caused by unreasonable arrangement scheme, and has the advantages of reducing labor cost and reworking times in the construction process, shortening construction period, saving economic cost and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an ideal cable arrangement;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a cable crossover condition;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cable crossover condition two;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cable in a non-crossing condition;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cable crossing;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a cable in a non-crossing condition;
FIG. 7 is a view taken at C +C >C max Schematic diagram of cross condition generated in time;
FIG. 8 is a cabinet numbering diagram;
FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of cable arrangement after construction using the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the drawings.
Referring to the flowchart, a method for arranging cables in a machine room project, referring to fig. 9, includes the following steps: (1) The cabinets are numbered in order from small to large in the direction from the geosyncline to the adjacent row, as shown in figure 8,
the holes leading to the outside of the machine room are numbered according to the numbering principle of the machine cabinet;
(2) And after the cabinet number is finished, subtracting the maximum cabinet number from the minimum cabinet number to determine the maximum difference value of the cabinets.
(3) And determining the maximum number of cables allowed to be laid in each layer of arrangement space according to the number of wire arranging devices with the same section and the same layer. The calculation formula is as follows:
Figure 115394DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
in the formula, S is the maximum number of cables which can be laid on each layer of the cables with the same diameter on the same section, and the number is an integer; a-the maximum number of cables that can be accommodated by the single cable organizer, which is an integer; n-the total number of wire arranging devices with the same section and the same layer;
for example, the maximum number of cables which can be accommodated by a single wire organizer is 12, and the number of wire organizers in the layer is 3, so that the maximum number of wires laid in each layer of the same section is 36.
(4) And arranging and collecting all cables of the machine room, and noting the serial numbers and the cable models of the head end cabinet, the tail end cabinet and the head and tail end cabinets. Dividing strong and weak current slots according to professional requirements, recording the wire diameters of cables of various types, and sequencing the cables from large to small according to the absolute value of the difference value of the first and the last cabinets.
(5) And (4) setting the arrangement sequence of different wire diameters according to professional characteristics and requirements.
(6) In order to meet the requirements of construction processes, all cables leading to the outside of a machine room through an opening are preferentially arranged, and the cables are sequentially arranged from large to small according to the line diameter arrangement sequence and the serial number difference value of the same line diameter cables from the head end to the tail end until all the cables passing through the opening are finished.
(7) And the rest cables except the hole are arranged in a line diameter arrangement sequence in a category-by-category manner. When the cables with the same diameter are arranged, the cables are sequentially arranged from the bottommost layer to the top layer by layer, and each layer is arranged from large to small according to the serial number difference value of the first cabinet and the tail cabinet. According to the formula Ia ≤ IIc<IId is less than or equal to Ib, whether the cable arranged currently can be crossed with the previous cable or not is judged, if yes, the current cable is arranged to the next layer, and the step is repeatedUntil the arrangement number reaches the maximum allowable arrangement cable number; the remaining space is according to formula Ia<Ⅰb≤Ⅱc<IId is a small-difference cable arranged in a way of satisfying the formula C +C ≤C max And formula Ia<Ⅰb≤Ⅱc<And II d, under the condition of IId, the arrangement scheme with the maximum sum of the differences of all cables in the same layer is the optimal arrangement scheme of the layer. Repeating the steps until the arrangement of all the cables with the wire diameter is completed, wherein the arrangement effect diagram of the cables in the ground groove is shown in figure 10, in the figure, 1 is a cabinet, 2 is a cable, 3 is a wire arranging device, and 4 is a ground groove.
The method for arranging the machine room engineering cables adopted by the embodiment provides an arrangement basis for arranging the machine room engineering cables so as to formulate a machine room engineering cable arrangement scheme. The cable arrangement method provided by the invention can form a general formulation flow for the cable arrangement of the machine room engineering, and solves the problems that the traditional cable arrangement method completely depends on personal experience and lacks reasonable basis; the method can avoid field rework and material waste caused by unreasonable arrangement scheme, and has the beneficial effects of reducing labor cost and rework times, shortening construction period, saving economic cost and the like in the construction process. The economic benefits are given in the table below.
Name (R) The invention Conventional methods
Time (hours) 388 540
Number of wire management devices 2485 2849
Number of reworking operations Less Multiple purpose
The effective construction time of the cable arrangement method is reduced to 71.9 percent (reduced by 152 hours) of the traditional method, and the number of the wire arranging devices is reduced to 87.2 percent (reduced by 364 sheets) of the traditional method; meanwhile, the method has a reasonable cable arrangement scheme making principle, and can avoid rework caused by unreasonable arrangement scheme. The invention can also take the BIM model as a basis, make up for functions of computation, cross detection, VR display, construction simulation animation and the like which are lacked by the traditional construction method, extend the application of the model from three-dimensional simulation to aspects of computation, cross detection and the like, and achieve the integration with the construction.

Claims (3)

1. A machine room engineering cable arrangement method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, numbering cabinets from small to large according to the direction from a geosyncline to an adjacent row, and numbering holes leading to the outside of a machine room according to a cabinet numbering principle;
step 2, after the numbering of the cabinet is finished, subtracting the maximum cabinet number from the minimum cabinet number to determine the maximum difference value of the cabinet numbers;
step 3, calculating the maximum number of cables allowed to be laid, specifically: determining the maximum allowable number of cables arranged in each layer of arrangement space according to the number of wire arranging devices with the same section and the same layer, and calculating as follows:
Figure 743115DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(formula one), wherein S is the maximum number of cables which can be laid on each layer of the cables with the same diameter in the same section, and is an integer, a is the maximum number of cables which can be accommodated by a single cable arranging device, and is an integer, and n is the total number of the cable arranging devices with the same section and the same layer;
step 4, sorting and summarizing all cables in the machine room;
step 5, setting up the arrangement sequence of different wire diameters;
step 6, finishing the arrangement of all cables according to the cable arrangement basis, specifically: preferentially arranging all cables which are led to the outside of the machine room through the hole, and arranging the cables in the same wire diameter in sequence from large to small according to the number difference of the head end and the tail end of the cables according to the wire diameter arrangement sequence until all the cables which pass through the hole are finished; the rest cables except the hole are arranged in a line diameter arrangement sequence in a category-by-category manner; when cables with the same wire diameter are arranged, the cables are sequentially arranged from the bottom layer to the top layer by layer, and each layer is arranged one by one according to the number difference value of the cabinets at the head end and the tail end; judging whether the cables arranged currently are crossed with the previous cable or not according to a second formula, if so, arranging the current cables to the next layer, and repeating the step until the arrangement number reaches the maximum allowable arrangement number of the cables; the remaining space is provided with small-difference cables according to a formula III, and the arrangement scheme with the maximum sum of differences of all cables in the same layer is the optimal arrangement scheme of the layer under the condition of meeting the formula III; repeating the steps until the arrangement of all cables with the wire diameter is completed, wherein the second formula and the third formula are respectively as follows:
ia is less than or equal to IIc, ib is less than or equal to IId (formula II),
ia is less than or equal to Ib and IIc is less than IId (formula III),
in the second formula and the third formula, I-number I cable, II-number II cable, a-cable I head end cabinet, b-cable I tail end cabinet, c-cable II head end cabinet and d-cable II tail end cabinet.
2. The machine room engineering cable arrangement method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4, a number of a head end cabinet, a tail end cabinet, a head end cabinet and a tail end cabinet and a cable model are specifically noted for each cable, a strong current trunking and a weak current trunking are divided according to professional requirements, the wire diameters of cables of various types are recorded, and sequencing is performed according to the absolute value of the difference value of the numbers of the head end cabinet and the tail end cabinet of each cable from large to small.
3. The machine room engineering cable arrangement method of claim 2, wherein the method is characterized in thatThe maximum sum of the cable difference values satisfies the formula three, and simultaneously satisfies the formula four, C +C ≤C max (formula IV)
In the formula, I-number I cable;
II-number II cable;
C the difference between the number a of the head-end cabinet and the number b of the tail-end cabinet of the cable I;
C the difference between the number c of the head-end cabinet and the number d of the tail-end cabinet of the cable I;
C max the maximum difference of the serial numbers of the head and the tail ends of the machine cabinets in the machine room.
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