CN110095368B - Device for testing fretting damage of interference fit surface under bending and twisting combined load action - Google Patents
Device for testing fretting damage of interference fit surface under bending and twisting combined load action Download PDFInfo
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- CN110095368B CN110095368B CN201910383027.6A CN201910383027A CN110095368B CN 110095368 B CN110095368 B CN 110095368B CN 201910383027 A CN201910383027 A CN 201910383027A CN 110095368 B CN110095368 B CN 110095368B
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
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Abstract
The invention discloses a micro-motion damage testing device for interference fit surfaces under the action of bending and twisting combined loads, which comprises a split shaft sleeve, a round shaft, a rotating rod and a loading bracket, wherein the split shaft sleeve comprises a lower half shaft sleeve part and an upper half shaft sleeve part, the round shaft can be arranged in a shaft sleeve hole, the round shaft is fixedly connected with one end of the rotating rod, the head part of the other end of the rotating rod is a curved surface and is connected with the loading bracket, the loading bracket is used for receiving loads and transmitting the loads to the rotating rod, the pre-tightening force and the interference magnitude of the split shaft sleeve are adjusted through bolts after the split shaft sleeve is arranged in the round shaft, so that the large contact stress is generated on the round shaft contact surface of the shaft sleeve to realize interference fit, when. The invention avoids the processes of cold charging and hot charging, simplifies the experimental steps, improves the experimental efficiency, reduces the material consumption and lowers the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a test for fretting damage of an interference fit surface, in particular to a test for composite fretting damage of a high-speed rail wheel pair interference surface and a combined roller interference fit surface under a complex load.
Background
In industrial production, a plurality of devices commonly adopt interference fit to transmit torque and axial force, the fit structure is simple, the connection strength is high, and under the action of a vibration environment or alternating load, tiny sliding, namely micro-motion, is often generated between the fit surfaces. Fretting, which typically occurs in interference or clearance fit, not only causes wear of the contact surfaces, resulting in component loosening, power loss, etc., but also accelerates the generation of microcracks in the contact surfaces, which in turn causes global fatigue fractures under the influence of alternating stresses. Cylindrical surface contact micromotion damage generally exists in industrial production, axial micromotion slippage and tangential micromotion slippage generally exist between contact surfaces at the same time, namely axial translation micromotion and tangential rotation micromotion exist at the same time, the damage mechanism is more complicated than that of plane-spherical surface and plane-cylindrical surface contact micromotion damage, and the damage detection is more difficult than that of spherical surface-plane contact translation micromotion. For example, the micro-motion damage of the interference fit surface between the axle and the wheel inner hole of the train wheel pair and the micro-motion damage of the roller sleeve inner hole and the roller core surface of the combined supporting roller are realized, the interference fit surface bears the assembling stress and simultaneously bears the bending moment and the torque load in the application process, so the micro-motion damage mechanism is very complex, and the micro-motion damage data can be detected only after the integral structure is cut open due to the fact that the interference fit surface is arranged inside the integral structure, so the detection process is also complex.
In the past, if the friction wear state of the interference fit surface of the shaft hole under a certain load is to be analyzed, the shaft sleeve and the shaft are generally loaded after the interference fit is completed through hot loading or cold loading, then the shaft sleeve is cut to complete the shape detection and analysis of the roller core, and the damage result of a certain load and cycle times is obtained. This approach can present some problems:
firstly, the shaft sleeve needs to be heated or the shaft needs to be cooled, when the interference is large, the assembly can be completed only if the shaft sleeve heating and the circular shaft cooling are carried out at the same time, if the influence of process parameters such as different loads or different interference is analyzed, a plurality of groups of samples need to be prepared and the assembly is completed, the cost of the sample preparation and the assembly in the early stage is large, and the period is long.
And secondly, each sample needs to be cut and separated after the interference fit surface is loaded with the cyclic load, the processing amount is large, secondary damage is easily generated on the appearance of the interference fit surface, and the accuracy of an experimental result is influenced.
And thirdly, only the friction and wear state of the interference fit surface can be analyzed when a certain cycle number is obtained, one sample can be used only once, and only result data in one state can be obtained.
Therefore, the traditional experimental method has the problems of low efficiency, high cost and serious material waste, and the accuracy of the experimental result is not easy to guarantee.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fretting damage testing device for interference fit surfaces under the action of a bending-twisting combined load, and solves the problems that in the prior art, an experimental method is low in efficiency, high in cost, serious in material waste and difficult to guarantee the accuracy of experimental results. The testing device can realize the axial micro-motion and tangential torsion micro-motion tests of the cylindrical interference surface under the comprehensive action of assembly stress, bending stress and torsion stress, and can be used for the composite micro-motion test of the interference surface of the high-speed rail wheel pair and the interference fit surface of the combined roller under complex loads.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a but, interference fit face fine motion damage testing arrangement under load effect is united to be used for cranked, includes components of a whole that can function independently axle sleeve, circle axle, dwang and loading bracket, the components of a whole that can function independently axle sleeve includes half axle sleeve and last half axle sleeve two parts down, but half axle sleeve and last half axle sleeve two parts lock and pass through bolt-up down, all is provided with the arc wall on last half axle sleeve and the lower half axle sleeve, and when half axle sleeve and lower half axle sleeve lock, two arc walls formed axle sleeve holes relatively, the circle axle is for detecting the piece, can arrange the axle sleeve in downthehole in, circle axle and dwang one end fixed connection, and the other end head of dwang is the curved surface to connect the loading bracket, the loading bracket is used for accepting the load to give the dwang with the load transmission, the loading bracket includes a.
In order to realize the connection of the rotating rod and the loading bracket and keep the rotating rod to swing relative to the loading bracket, a rubber ring is arranged at the curved surface head of the rotating rod, a T-shaped groove or a dovetail groove is arranged at the bottom of the loading bracket, the rubber ring is sleeved at the head of the rotating rod and is arranged in the T-shaped groove or the dovetail groove of the loading bracket, a clamping groove is arranged at the end part of the curved surface head of the rotating rod in order to fix the rubber ring and prevent the rubber ring from being separated, and an elastic check ring is. Thereby preventing the rubber ring from being released from the rotating rod. The rubber ring, the elastic retainer ring and the T-shaped groove act together to realize flexible positioning between the loading bracket and the rotating rod. The swivelling levers can be swiveled relative to the loading bracket and, while swiveling, the loading bracket transfers the vertical load to the swivelling levers. The curved surface head of the rotating rod is in contact with the T-shaped groove on the loading bracket or the groove bottom of the dovetail groove to form plane-cylindrical surface contact, vertical loads are transmitted to the interference fit surface, and the head of the rotating rod can rotate in the dovetail groove and realize self-positioning. After the loading bracket is fixed, a certain rotation-pair relative displacement is allowed between the rotating rod and the loading bracket.
During detection, the circular shaft is placed in the arc-shaped groove of the lower half shaft sleeve, the upper half shaft sleeve and the lower half shaft sleeve are buckled and fixedly connected through the bolt, so that the contact surface of the circular shaft of the shaft sleeve generates large contact stress to realize interference fit, and the interference fit stress and the magnitude of interference magnitude of the cylindrical surface can be further realized by adjusting the screwing length of the bolt. The lower half shaft sleeve is fixed on a friction wear testing machine, bending load acts on a loading bracket, the loading bracket is in direct contact with the head of a rotating rod to transmit vertical load to an interference fit surface, the friction wear testing machine is started, the shaft sleeve makes reciprocating linear motion, after the preset times of tests are reached, the load on the loading bracket is removed, a bolt is loosened, the upper half shaft sleeve and the lower half shaft sleeve are separated, a round shaft to be detected is taken out to be detected, and a detection result is recorded. The test can be stopped when any cycle number is used in the test process, the circular shaft can be taken out for detection, after the detection is finished, the circular shaft can be loaded into the shaft sleeve for continuous test, and a group of samples can obtain a plurality of groups of data. And the inner hole of the shaft sleeve can be repeatedly used after being processed after the experiment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention is mainly applied to the composite micro-motion test of the interference surface of the high-speed rail wheel pair and the interference fit surface of the combined roller under the complex load. Compared with the traditional test method, the invention avoids the processes of cold charging and hot charging, simplifies the test steps, improves the test efficiency, reduces the material consumption and reduces the cost.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a right side view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a rotating shaft according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an isometric view of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an exploded view of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-lower half shaft sleeve; 2-round shaft; 3-upper half shaft sleeve; 4, a bolt; 5, rotating the rod; 6, elastic check ring; 7-rubber ring; and 8, loading the bracket.
Detailed Description
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the device for testing the fretting damage of the interference fit surface under the action of the bending-twisting combined load comprises a split shaft sleeve, a round shaft 2, a rotating rod 5 and a loading bracket 8.
The split shaft sleeve is divided into an upper half shaft sleeve and a lower half shaft sleeve, namely a lower half shaft sleeve 1 and an upper half shaft sleeve 3, arc-shaped grooves are formed in the lower half shaft sleeve 1 and the upper half shaft sleeve 3, when the upper half shaft sleeve 3 and the lower half shaft sleeve 1 are buckled, the two arc-shaped grooves form a shaft sleeve hole oppositely, a through hole for the rotating rod 5 to penetrate is formed in the upper half shaft sleeve 3, and the through hole is perpendicular to the shaft sleeve hole.
The round shaft 2 is a to-be-detected part, the round shaft 2 can be arranged in the shaft sleeve hole, and a threaded hole used for being connected with the rotating rod 5 is formed in the middle of the round shaft 2.
And one end of the rotating rod 5 is provided with a thread and is used for being connected with a threaded hole of the round shaft 2, and the head of the other end of the rotating rod 5 is a curved surface and is used for receiving the vertical load of the loading bracket 8.
The loading bracket 8 comprises a block body, a T-shaped groove is formed in the bottom of the block body and used for being connected with the rotating rod 5, and a handle convenient to fixedly install is arranged at the top of the block body.
In order to realize that the rotating rod 5 is connected with the loading bracket 8 and keep the rotating rod 5 to swing relative to the loading bracket 8, a rubber ring 7 is arranged at the curved surface head of the rotating rod 5, a T-shaped groove is formed in the bottom of the loading bracket 8, the rubber ring 7 is sleeved at the head of the rotating rod 5 and is arranged in the T-shaped groove of the loading bracket 8, a clamping groove is formed in the end part of the curved surface head of the rotating rod 5 in order to fix the rubber ring and prevent the rubber ring from dropping off, and an elastic check ring 6 is arranged in the clamping. Thereby preventing the rubber ring 7 from coming off the swivelling levers 5. The rubber ring 7, the elastic retainer ring 6 and the T-shaped groove act together to realize flexible positioning between the loading bracket 8 and the rotating rod 5. The rotating lever 5 is swingable relative to the loading bracket 8, and the loading bracket 8 transmits a vertical load to the rotating lever 5 while swinging.
The curved surface head of the rotating rod 5 is in contact with the groove bottom of the dovetail groove in the loading bracket 8 to form plane-cylindrical surface contact, vertical load is transmitted to the interference fit surface, and the head of the rotating rod 5 can rotate in the dovetail groove and realize self-positioning.
In order to prevent the groove edges from generating acting force relatively when the upper half shaft sleeve and the lower half shaft sleeve are buckled and cannot form interference fit with the circular shaft, the radian of the arc-shaped grooves on the upper half shaft sleeve and the lower half shaft sleeve is less than 180 degrees.
In order to facilitate the clamping of the rotating rod 5, a plane is processed on the cylindrical surface of the rotating rod 5 to form a plane bayonet, and the plane bayonet can be clamped by a wrench, so that the rotating rod 5 and the circular shaft 2 can be assembled and disassembled conveniently.
The using method and the working principle of the invention are as follows:
as shown in fig. 5, the circular shaft 2 is placed in the arc-shaped groove of the lower half shaft sleeve 1, the lower half shaft sleeve 1 is buckled with the lower half shaft sleeve 3, and the lower half shaft sleeve 1 and the lower half shaft sleeve are fixedly connected through the bolt 4, so that the contact surface of the circular shaft of the shaft sleeve generates large contact stress to realize interference fit, and the size of the interference fit stress and the interference magnitude of the cylindrical surface can be further realized by adjusting the screwing length of the bolt. As shown in fig. 3, the threaded end of the rotating rod 5 is screwed into the threaded hole of the round shaft 2, when the rotating rod 5 and the round shaft 2 are assembled, the wrench can be clamped into the planar bayonet on the rotating rod 5, and the wrench is rotated to complete the assembly. On being fixed in friction wear testing machine with half axle sleeve down, can realize reciprocating linear motion, insert the T type inslot of loading bracket 8 with the dysmorphism head of dwang 5, the flexible contact of loading bracket 8 and dwang 5 can be realized on the one hand to the rubber ring 7 of suit at the 5 head of dwang, and on the other hand can allow the fixed back in loading bracket 8 position, has certain commentaries on classics to displacement and axial displacement to exist between dwang 5 and the loading bracket 8, realizes self-align.
After the assembly is completed, the effect is as shown in fig. 4, bending load acts on the loading bracket 8, the loading bracket 8 is in direct contact with the head of the rotating rod 5 to transmit vertical load to an interference fit surface, the friction wear testing machine is started, the shaft sleeve makes reciprocating linear motion, after the preset times of testing are reached, the load on the loading bracket 8 is removed, the bolt 4 is loosened, the upper half shaft sleeve and the lower half shaft sleeve are separated, the round shaft 2 to be detected is taken out to be detected, and the detection result is recorded.
The invention can avoid the processes of cold loading and hot loading, can greatly improve the utilization rate of the sample, can stop the experiment to take out the circular shaft for detection when any cycle number is used in the test process, can load the circular shaft into the shaft sleeve for continuous experiment after the detection is finished, and can obtain a plurality of groups of data for one group of samples. And can be used repeatedly after axle sleeve hole processing after the experiment, simplified the experiment process greatly, improved experimental efficiency to the cost is reduced has reduced material consumption.
The above disclosure is only for the specific embodiment of the present patent, but the present patent is not limited thereto, and it should be understood that the modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a be used for interference fit face fine motion damage testing arrangement under joint load effect is turned round which characterized in that: the split type shaft sleeve comprises a lower half shaft sleeve (1) and an upper half shaft sleeve (3), the two parts can be buckled and fastened through bolts, arc grooves are formed in the lower half shaft sleeve (1) and the upper half shaft sleeve (3), when the upper half shaft sleeve (3) and the lower half shaft sleeve (1) are buckled, the two arc grooves oppositely form a shaft sleeve hole, the circular shaft (2) can be arranged in the shaft sleeve hole, the circular shaft (2) is fixedly connected with one end of a rotating rod (5), the head of the other end of the rotating rod (5) is a curved surface and is connected with a loading bracket (8), the loading bracket (8) is used for receiving a load and transmitting the load to the rotating rod (5), the loading bracket (8) comprises a block body, and the head of the curved surface of the rotating rod (5) is in plane-cylindrical surface contact with the block body; the curved surface head of dwang (5) is provided with rubber ring (7) to bottom at loading bracket (8) is provided with T type groove, rubber ring (7) suit is at dwang (5) head, and place in the T type inslot of loading bracket (8), for fixed rubber ring and prevent it and deviate from, the tip at dwang (5) curved surface head is provided with the draw-in groove, and install circlip (6) in the draw-in groove, thereby prevent that rubber ring (7) from deviating from dwang (5).
2. The device for testing fretting damage of the interference fit surface under the action of the combined bending and twisting load as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rubber ring (7) is arranged at the curved surface head of the rotating rod (5), a T-shaped groove or a dovetail groove is formed in the bottom of the loading bracket (8), the rubber ring (7) is sleeved at the head of the rotating rod (5) and is arranged in the T-shaped groove or the dovetail groove of the loading bracket (8), a clamping groove is formed in the end part of the curved surface head of the rotating rod (5), and an elastic check ring (6) is arranged in the clamping groove.
3. The device for testing fretting damage of the interference fit surface under the action of the combined bending and twisting load as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the cylindrical surface of the rotating rod (5) is processed with a plane to form a plane bayonet.
4. The device for testing fretting damage of the interference fit surface under the action of the combined bending and twisting load as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the radian of the arc-shaped groove is less than 180 degrees.
5. The device for testing fretting damage of the interference fit surface under the action of the combined bending and twisting load as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and the loading bracket (8) is provided with a handle which is convenient for fixed installation at the top of the block body.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910383027.6A CN110095368B (en) | 2019-05-09 | 2019-05-09 | Device for testing fretting damage of interference fit surface under bending and twisting combined load action |
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| CN201910383027.6A CN110095368B (en) | 2019-05-09 | 2019-05-09 | Device for testing fretting damage of interference fit surface under bending and twisting combined load action |
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| CN110095368A CN110095368A (en) | 2019-08-06 |
| CN110095368B true CN110095368B (en) | 2020-08-25 |
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| CN114689297B (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-12-02 | 大连理工大学 | Test bed for torque transmission performance detection of thin-wall interference connector |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107703013A (en) * | 2017-08-27 | 2018-02-16 | 浙江工业大学 | Ball pivot wear test frock |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2009210527A (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2009-09-17 | Yazaki Corp | Fretting corrosion testing apparatus |
| CN101963563B (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2012-06-13 | 西南交通大学 | Test device for torsional composite fretting friction wear test |
| CN102445342B (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2014-05-07 | 河南科技大学 | Measurement device for axial loading of bearing |
| LT6315B (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2016-09-12 | Aleksandro Stulginskio Universitetas | Device for measuring characteristics of sreting material surface deterioration |
| CN104568619B (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2017-04-05 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of normal direction charger of fretting fatigue testing system |
| CN105699214B (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2018-11-13 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of reverse micro move fatigue rig and test method |
| CN207379856U (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2018-05-18 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of friction wear testing machine |
| CN108562421B (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2020-08-04 | 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 | Small waterplane area catamaran bending-twisting combined ultimate strength test model design method |
| CN109550787B (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2020-02-14 | 燕山大学 | Sectional type variable interference magnitude combined cold rolling supporting roll |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107703013A (en) * | 2017-08-27 | 2018-02-16 | 浙江工业大学 | Ball pivot wear test frock |
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Effective date of registration: 20221020 Address after: 230000 B-2704, wo Yuan Garden, 81 Ganquan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui. Patentee after: HEFEI LONGZHI ELECTROMECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 066004 No. 438 west section of Hebei Avenue, seaport District, Hebei, Qinhuangdao Patentee before: Yanshan University |
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