CN110095209A - A kind of experimental provision and experimental method using magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution - Google Patents
A kind of experimental provision and experimental method using magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution Download PDFInfo
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- CN110095209A CN110095209A CN201910368599.7A CN201910368599A CN110095209A CN 110095209 A CN110095209 A CN 110095209A CN 201910368599 A CN201910368599 A CN 201910368599A CN 110095209 A CN110095209 A CN 110095209A
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- magnetic fluid
- valve
- drilling
- tube
- sample
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/02—Measuring force or stress, in general by hydraulic or pneumatic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N2015/0813—Measuring intrusion, e.g. of mercury
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of experimental provision using magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution, the discharge port of material pressing device is connect with injection-tube, and injection-tube is docked with the drilling of sample, and injection-tube is controlled to a vacuum pump by exhaust tube, injection-tube is equipped with the first valve, and exhaust tube is equipped with the second valve.A kind of experimental method using magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution, including step 1 are also provided, the porosity of sample is measured;Step 2, in the sample between drill, to sample carry out loading experiment;Step 3 will be in magnetic fluid indentation drilling by material pressing device to vacuumizing in drilling;Step 4 clears up the magnetic fluid in drilling;Step 5 detects the magnetic field strength in drilling;Step 6 loads different loading forces, measures the magnetic field strength in the case of different loading forces.Magnetic fluid can be pressed into blowhole by the experimental provision, build test platform for study of rocks stress to the relationship of magnetic fluid intrusion and corresponding test method is provided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rock stress research field, in particular to a kind of reality using magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution
Experiment device and experimental method.
Background technique
Rock stress test method is less at present and there are biggish limitations.Widely used stress of primary rock method for measurement
There is stress relief method.The basic principle is that when artificially the rock mass infinitesimal for being fixed with measuring element is separated with basement rock.Its geometry
Size will occur elasticity and restore.It can establish the pass between recovery strain and stress field using elastic theory, rock elasticity constant
System.The method experiment equipment is complicated, more demanding to experimental situation, consumes energy higher and usually will cause damage in situ rock mass, by
Causing the method in the inconvenience of operation, there are biggish limitations.
Magnetic fluid, the colloid as made of the fusion of a variety of permeability magnetic materials, dispersing agent and carrier.Magnetic fluid is injected on rock
After drilling, in the case where identical porosity, the rock with different stress, in the case where identical motive force, magnetic current
The amount that body penetrates into rock is different, thus can be to judge the size of rock stress according to amount in magnetic fluid seepage flow blowhole.
Currently, rock stress field does not carry out the research of this respect also.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of experiment dresses using magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution
It sets and experimental method, magnetic fluid can be pressed into blowhole, be taken for study of rocks stress and the relationship of magnetic fluid intrusion
It builds test platform and corresponding test method is provided.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: it is a kind of to be answered using magnetic fluid study of rocks
The experimental provision of power distribution, including material pressing device, the discharge port of material pressing device are connect with injection-tube, the drilling of injection-tube and sample
Docking, injection-tube are controlled to a vacuum pump by exhaust tube, and injection-tube is equipped with the first valve, and exhaust tube is equipped with the second valve.
In preferred scheme, the material pressing device includes injecting cavity, is equipped with piston in injecting cavity, injecting cavity is far from injection-tube
One end connect with pressure pump by pipeline.
It further include suction bottle in preferred scheme, suction bottle is connect by suction tube with exhaust tube, and the setting of the second valve exists
On exhaust tube between injection-tube and suction tube, suction tube is equipped with third valve, the exhaust tube between suction tube and vacuum pump
It is equipped with the 4th valve.
In preferred scheme, the exhaust tube is equipped with pressure gauge.
In preferred scheme, the first sealing ring is equipped on the outside of the injection-tube.
In preferred scheme, including recyclable device, recyclable device include recycling cavity, and recycling cavity is closed at one end, another
End is equipped with recovery port, and the second sealing ring is equipped on the outside of recovery port, partition is equipped in reclaiming chamber body, is equipped between partition and closed end
Electromagnet, power supply are powered electromagnet.
The present invention also provides a kind of experimental methods using magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution, comprising the following steps:
Step 1 measures the porosity of sample;
Step 2, in the sample between drill, loading experiment is carried out to sample, pressure sensor is equipped on the outside of sample and carries out stress inspection
It surveys;
Step 3 closes the first valve, opens vacuum pump and the second valve to vacuumizing in drilling, is then filled by binder
Setting will be in magnetic fluid or magnetization Nanoscale Iron colloid indentation drilling;
Step 4 clears up the magnetic fluid in drilling;
Step 5 utilizes the magnetic field strength in the detection drilling of Gauss measurement meter;
Step 6 loads different loading forces, measures the magnetic field strength in the case of different loading forces.
In preferred scheme, in step 2, sample is placed in the chamber of upper end opening, is tried by jack pair
Sample carries out stress loading.
In preferred scheme, in the step 4, the recovery port for recycling cavity is fitted in drilling outside, electromagnet is connected
Power supply, by drilling magnetic fluid or magnetization Nanoscale Iron colloid recycle, then magnetic fluid remaining in drilling is purged.
In preferred scheme, in the step 3, before being vacuumized to drilling, be first shut off close the first valve and
Second valve, opens third valve and the 4th valve vacuumizes suction bottle, closes the 4th valve, the second valve and third
Valve is opened simultaneously, by the rock debris or powder sucking suction bottle in drilling, then opens the second valve and the simultaneously again
Four valves vacuumize drilling.
A kind of experimental provision and experimental method using magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution provided by the invention, the device
Magnetic fluid can be pressed into blowhole, the relationship for study of rocks stress and magnetic fluid intrusion provides platform base.It is excellent
Choosing, the recyclable device recycled to the extra magnetic fluid in drilling is additionally provided, magnetic fluid is subjected to branch with electromagnet
Recycling, it is ensured that experiment can be recycled for multiple times, and using magnetic field recyclable device, greatly reduce recovery difficult, reduce recycling
Workload.
Provided by the invention a kind of using magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution experimental method, this method passes through magnetic field strength
The magnetic current scale of construction in measurement indentation indentation blowhole, and the magnetic current scale of construction being pressed into blowhole and rock stress and rock
Porosity is related, and in the certain situation of porosity, as rock interior stress is bigger, the magnetic current scale of construction of indentation reduces;In rock
In the case that internal stress is certain, with the increase of porosity, the easier indentation rock interior hole of magnetic fluid.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples:
Fig. 1 is overall structure diagram of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of recyclable device of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the operation chart of load test;
In figure: material pressing device 1, injection-tube 2, sample 3, exhaust tube 4, vacuum pump 5, the first valve 6, the second valve 7, suction bottle 8,
Suction tube 9, third valve 10, the 4th valve 11, pressure gauge 12, the first sealing ring 13, recycling cavity 14, the second sealing ring 15,
Partition 16, electromagnet 17, pressure sensor 18, chamber 19, jack 20, load cover board 21, injecting cavity 101, piston 102,
Pressure pump 103, drilling 301, recovery port 1401.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: as shown in figure 1, a kind of experimental provision using magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution, including material pressing device
1, the discharge port of material pressing device 1 is connect with injection-tube 2, and injection-tube 2 is inserted into the drilling 301 of sample 3, and injection-tube 2 passes through pumping
Pipe 4 is connect with vacuum pump 5, and injection-tube 2 is equipped with the first valve 6, and exhaust tube 4 is equipped with the second valve 7.
Specifically, the material pressing device 1 includes injecting cavity 101, piston 102 is equipped in injecting cavity 101, injecting cavity 101 is remote
One end from injection-tube 2 is connect by pipeline with pressure pump 103.
Pressure pump 103 can hand held or desk-top pressure pump, in the present embodiment, preferably desk-top pressure pump, it is ensured that
Pusher pressure it is constant.
The pipeline that pressure pump 103 is connect with injecting cavity 101 is equipped with pressure gauge, convenient to be observed to pusher pressure.
The first sealing ring 13 is equipped on the outside of the injection-tube 2.First sealing ring 13 is the rubber ring of annular, the first sealing ring
13 are fitted in 301 outside of drilling of sample 3.
It preferably, further include suction bottle 8, suction bottle 8 is connect by suction tube 9 with exhaust tube 4, and the setting of the second valve 7 exists
On exhaust tube 4 between injection-tube 2 and suction tube 9, suction tube 9 is equipped with third valve 10, between suction tube 9 and vacuum pump 5
Exhaust tube 4 be equipped with the 4th valve 11.
In use, being first shut off the first valve 6 and the second valve 7, third valve 10 and the 4th valve 11 are opened, by true
Sky 5 pairs of suction bottles 8 of pump vacuumize, and are then shut off the 4th valve 11, and close vacuum pump 5, open the second valve 7, due to
It is in negative pressure state in suction bottle 8, will be collected in clast in drilling 301 and vapor sucking suction bottle 8.It prevents from taking seriously
Sky pump 5 directly vacuumizes drilling 301, will influence service life of equipment in the clast sucking vacuum pump 5 in drilling 301.
The exhaust tube 4 is equipped with pressure gauge 12.Negative pressure in drilling 301 can be measured.
Preferably, as shown in Fig. 2, including recyclable device, recyclable device includes recycling cavity 14, recycles 14 1 end seal of cavity
It closes, the other end is equipped with recovery port 1401, is equipped with the second sealing ring 15 on the outside of recovery port 1401, the second sealing ring 15 is fitted in drilling
301 outsides.It recycles and is equipped with partition 16 in cavity 14, electromagnet 17 is equipped between partition 16 and closed end, power supply is to electromagnet 17
It is powered.
After in magnetic fluid or magnetization Nanoscale Iron colloid indentation drilling 301, magnetic fluid or magnetization Nanoscale Iron colloid are pressed into rock
In stone hole, needs to clean up the extra magnetic fluid being trapped in drilling 301 or magnetization Nanoscale Iron colloid, pass through the recycling
Device not only may be implemented to clear up, but also prevents magnetic fluid or magnetize the waste of Nanoscale Iron colloid.
Recovery port 1401 be circular cone entablature, be conducive to drilling 301 in extra magnetic fluid or magnetization Nanoscale Iron colloid it is suitable
In the inflow recycling cavity 14 of benefit.
A kind of experimental provision using magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution provided by the invention, can be by magnetic fluid or magnetic
Change Nanoscale Iron colloid indentation blowhole in, due to drilling in be in negative pressure state, fluid flow into resistance it is smaller, magnetic fluid or
Magnetization Nanoscale Iron colloid can be good at reaching in blowhole, to provide platform base by magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution
Plinth.
The present invention also provides a kind of experimental methods using magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution, in the present embodiment, magnetic
Fluid is by being living for the magnetic retention particle, base load liquid (being also media) and interface of nanometer scale (10 nanometers or less) by diameter
A kind of stable colloidal liquid that property agent three mixes.Permeability magnetic material can be the materials such as iron, cobalt, nickel and its compound and alloy
Material.The applicable magnetic fluid of this patent should be using organic solvent, oil etc. as carrier, using oleic acid etc. as dispersing agent.
In view of magnetic fluid experimental cost is higher, this patent can also be used magnetization Nanoscale Iron colloid and be tested.Magnetization is received
The granular size of the Nanoscale Iron of rice iron colloid, carrier solution type can accordingly be adjusted according to the classification property of rock sample.It can incite somebody to action
Magnetize nanometer iron powder and surfactant ball milling together, is then added in deionization solution and forms magnetization iron nanotubes sol, pass through
The granular size of change nanometer iron powder, carrier solution type, the viscosity of adjustable magnetization Nanoscale Iron colloid, volatilization loss degree,
Saturated magnetization degree.To change the mobile performance of magnetic force size and Nanoscale Iron colloid.
Specific test method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1 measures the porosity of sample 3.The measurement of porosity is to be based on Archimedes principle, uses water-boiling method in test
Measure the porosity of electrode.Firstly, weighing the sample dry weight needed, it is denoted as m0;Ground sample will have been weighed and be put into clean beaker
In, distilled water is injected into cup, until flooding sample;Then it places the beaker and is heated to boiling in thermostatic drying chamber, and keep
Fluidized state 2h infiltrates into distilled water completely in the hole in TiO2 electrode;Then stop heating down to room temperature.Then
Sample is quickly removed to be put into and gets out the small of weighing in advance and hangs in basket, is hung on the suspension hook of balance, continues sample
It is immersed in water, weighs the suspension weight of saturated sample in water, be denoted as m1;Saturated sample is taken out, is carefully wiped with wet rag
The water of desaturation specimen surface quickly weighs the quality of saturated sample, is denoted as m2;The porosity of electrode: P=is calculated by formula
(m2-m0)/(m2-m1)。
Step 2, in 3 central bore of sample, 301 depth of drilling are 2/3 rock sample height to be measured, and 301 diameters of drilling are
50mm polishes the rock of drill 301 the wall of a boreholes and hell surrounding, carries out loading experiment to sample 3, is equipped on the outside of sample 3
Pressure sensor 18 carries out stress detection, specifically as shown in figure 3, sample 3 is placed in the chamber 19 of upper end opening, then
Tiling load cover board carries out stress loading to sample 3 by jack 20, and four in chamber 19 are arranged in pressure sensor 18
Four values of a inside sidewalls, 18 side of pressure sensor are averaged, and four measured measured values are taken in a small range
Average value reduces the error of experiment measurement as the pressure value in this subrange.
Step 3 closes the first valve 6, opens and vacuumizes in vacuum pump 5 and 7 pairs of the second valve drillings 301, drills
Negative pressure reaches -0.8~-0.1Mpa and keeps in 301, then by magnetic fluid or magnetizes Nanoscale Iron colloid by material pressing device 1
In indentation drilling 301.Preferably, it before being vacuumized to drilling 301, is first shut off and closes the first valve 6 and the second valve
7, it opens third valve 10 and the 4th valve 11 and suction bottle 8 is vacuumized, close the 4th valve 11, the second valve 7 and the
Three valves 10 are opened simultaneously, by the rock debris or powder sucking suction bottle 8 in drilling 301, then open second simultaneously again
Valve 7 and 11 pairs of the 4th valve drillings 301 vacuumize.
Step 4 clears up the magnetic fluid in drilling 301.Directly the magnetic fluid in drilling 301 can be wiped.At this
In embodiment, the recovery port 1401 for recycling cavity 14 is fitted in 301 outside of drilling, electromagnet 17 powers on, and will drill 301
In magnetic fluid or magnetization Nanoscale Iron colloid recycled, recycle foam-rubber cushion that will drill extra magnetic fluid or magnetization in 301
Nanoscale Iron colloid wiped clean.
Step 5, using the magnetic field strength in Gauss measurement meter detection drilling 301, specifically, Gauss measurement meter is measured
Point is placed in drilling 301, measures the magnetic strength size of rock sample each region in the height direction, is surveyed within a certain height more
A value is simultaneously averaged intensity as rock in this small range magnetic field;
Step 6 loads different loading forces, measures the magnetic field strength in the case of different loading forces, formulates porosity, magnetic field
The correspondence table of intensity and stress distribution.
It draws table: measured porosity, magnetic field strength, suffered stress pooled classification is depicted as table, experimental data
It is as follows:
By test as can be seen that in the certain situation of voidage, the magnetic fluid of the rock interior of indentation is answered with rock interior
The increase of power and reduce, when stress increases to it is larger after, magnetic fluid intrusion increases more by a small margin.When one timing of pressure, pressure
The magnetic fluid of the rock interior entered increases with the big of rock sample itself voidage.Test result matches with basic principle, into
One step has confirmed the feasibility of this device and method.
It is tested by Preliminary Experiment, test result and theory are coincide, and the accuracy of the method device is further demonstrated
And feasibility, it lays a good foundation to the popularization of the method.By carrying out the test of series, rock original can be promoted and applied and measured
Position stress, provides technical support for engineering practice.
This method uses the characteristic of magnetic fluid, is the measurement of magnetic field strength by rock interior stress conversion, is engineering and section
It grinds and solves great difficult problem.
It is equipped with vacuum evacuation device in experimental provision provided by the invention, guarantees the magnetic fluid or magnetization Nanoscale Iron colloid of injection
It is flowed under subnormal ambient, reduces resistance, can reach in blowhole, reduce to the maximum extent to press-in device well
It is required that reducing experiment condition requirement and the consumption of fund.
The present invention also provides a kind of recyclable device, makes full use of magnetic fluid or magnetize the property of Nanoscale Iron colloid, electricity consumption
Magnet recycles magnetic fluid, it is ensured that magnetic fluid recycles to the greatest extent, it is ensured that experiment can be recycled for multiple times, and utilize magnetic
Field recyclable device, greatly reduces recovery difficult, reduces recovery operation amount.
Embodiment 2: unlike the first embodiment, in step 5, metal powder or magnetic powder being added into drilling 301, due to
There is magnetic fluid in blowhole magnetism accumulate metal powder in the hole wall surface of rock-boring, recycle minisize photography
Bore inner image is carried out 3D shooting by machine, establishes the threedimensional model of drilling accumulation, the gold of the hole wall surface accumulation of rock-boring
The amount for belonging to powder reflects the amount of the magnetic fluid of blowhole indentation at this, and then can carry out to the stress distribution of rock stress straight
The observation of pipe.
In step 6, the recovery port 1401 for recycling cavity 14 is fitted in drilling by recyclable device after measurement
301 outsides, electromagnet 17 powers on, by drilling 301 magnetic fluid and metal powder recycle.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of experimental provision using magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution, it is characterised in that: including material pressing device (1), pressure
The discharge port of material device (1) is connect with injection-tube (2), and injection-tube (2) is docked with the drilling (301) of sample (3), injection-tube (2)
It is connect by exhaust tube (4) with vacuum pump (5), injection-tube (2) is equipped with the first valve (6), and exhaust tube (4) is equipped with the second valve
Door (7).
2. a kind of experimental provision using magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The material pressing device (1) includes injecting cavity (101), is equipped with piston (102) in injecting cavity (101), injecting cavity (101) is far from injection
One end of pipe (2) is connect by pipeline with pressure pump (103).
3. a kind of experimental provision using magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
It further include suction bottle (8), suction bottle (8) is connect by suction tube (9) with exhaust tube (4), and the second valve (7) is arranged in injection-tube
(2) on the exhaust tube (4) between suction tube (9), suction tube (9) is equipped with third valve (10), suction tube (9) and vacuum pump
(5) exhaust tube (4) between is equipped with the 4th valve (11).
4. a kind of experimental provision using magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The exhaust tube (4) is equipped with pressure gauge (12).
5. a kind of experimental provision using magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The first sealing ring (13) are equipped on the outside of the injection-tube (2).
6. a kind of experimental provision using magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Including recyclable device, recyclable device includes recycling cavity (14), and recycling cavity (14) is closed at one end, and the other end is equipped with recovery port
(1401), the second sealing ring (15) are equipped on the outside of recovery port (1401), are equipped with partition (16) in recycling cavity (14), partition (16)
Electromagnet (17) are equipped between closed end, power supply is powered electromagnet (17).
7. a kind of experimental method using magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
Step 1 measures the porosity of sample (3);
Step 2 carries out loading experiment to sample (3), is equipped with pressure sensor on the outside of sample (3) in sample (3) central bore
(18) stress detection is carried out;
Step 3 is closed the first valve (6), and it is true to carrying out taking out in drilling (301) to open vacuum pump (5) and the second valve (7)
Sky, then will be in magnetic fluid or magnetization Nanoscale Iron colloid indentation drilling (301) by material pressing device (1);
Step 4 clears up the magnetic fluid in drilling (301);
Step 5 utilizes the magnetic field strength in the detection drilling of Gauss measurement meter;
Step 6 loads different loading forces, measures the magnetic field strength in the case of different loading forces.
8. a kind of experimental method using magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:
In step 2, sample (3) is placed in the chamber (19) of upper end opening, sample (3) are carried out by jack (20)
Stress loading.
9. a kind of experimental provision using magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:
In the step 4, the recovery port (1401) for recycling cavity (14) is fitted on the outside of drilling (301), electromagnet (17) connects electricity
Source, by drilling (301) magnetic fluid or magnetization Nanoscale Iron colloid recycle, then will drilling (301) in remaining magnetic fluid
It is purged.
10. a kind of experimental provision using magnetic fluid study of rocks stress distribution according to claim 7, feature exist
In: in the step 3, before being vacuumized to drilling (301), it is first shut off and closes the first valve (6) and the second valve
(7), third valve (10) are opened and the 4th valve (11) vacuumizes suction bottle (8), the 4th valve (11) of closing, second
Valve (7) and third valve (10) are opened simultaneously, by drilling (301) rock debris or powder sucking suction bottle (8) in, so
It opens the second valve (7) simultaneously again afterwards and the 4th valve (11) vacuumizes drilling (301).
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Cited By (2)
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CN110763604A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-07 | 三峡大学 | Experimental device and method for measuring opening degree of certain point of rock fracture and calibrating osmotic pressure value by using magnetic fluid |
CN112255112A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-22 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Visual test system and rock mass heating method |
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CN108844875A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-11-20 | 中国石油大学(华东) | It probes into superheated steam injection and the full experimental provision influenced and method is seeped on reservoir hole |
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CN106353197A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-25 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | High-pressure multiphase-flow coupling rock true-triaxial test system and method |
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CN112255112A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-22 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Visual test system and rock mass heating method |
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