CN110094891A - A kind of safe and simple type solar water heater that suitable Reef in Chinese South Sea tourism uses - Google Patents
A kind of safe and simple type solar water heater that suitable Reef in Chinese South Sea tourism uses Download PDFInfo
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- CN110094891A CN110094891A CN201910426205.9A CN201910426205A CN110094891A CN 110094891 A CN110094891 A CN 110094891A CN 201910426205 A CN201910426205 A CN 201910426205A CN 110094891 A CN110094891 A CN 110094891A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
- F24S40/10—Protective covers or shrouds; Closure members, e.g. lids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
- F24S60/10—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors using latent heat
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of safe and simple type solar water heater that suitable Reef in Chinese South Sea tourism uses, it is characterized by: water heater is the different cylindrical body of draw ratio, it is made of solar water heater ontology 1, grapheme foam/wax phase change phase-change material production water heater housing 2, water heater mouth 3, water feeding of heater mouth 4, water heater sewage draining exit 5, water heater overflow and exhaust outlet 6；Wherein liquid paraffin phase-change material is made as working media 2-2 by vacuum impregnation technology or natural absorption method, is adsorbed in grapheme foam hole, is combined water heater housing by the water heater housing 2 by grapheme foam/material production support frame 2-1.
Description
Technical field
This patent is related to solar energy utilization technique field, and in particular to a kind of peace that suitable South China Sea islands reef tourism uses
Full simple type solar water heater.
Background technique
The existing solar water heater in China is the mating proposition together with heat storage water tank mostly by heat collector, although safety,
But not simple, dismounting is inconvenient, is not suitable for personal travel and uses；There is a kind of solar water heater normal in Guangdong, Hainan bank rural area
Common to arrive, solar water heater does not have to heat collector, direct using the long-term sun in the region only with the ironwork water tank of no insulating layer
The features such as thermal exposure is big, and rainy days, the duration was short is directly heated water by the metal shell of water tank, is used for night,
This generally the least expensive method using solar energy, it is dangerous although simple and easy, because storage water is big, for Reusability, cause
Water pollution, it is unhygienic and unstable, also it is not suitable for promoting the use of in South China Sea islands tourism；In particular by inventor Zhang Yuan
" grapheme foam/paraffin wax phase change energy storage material production solar water heater water tank " (patent No. of equal exploitations
2018114011118) enlightenment, if existing solar water heater system and the successful new material of recent development are integrated, just
It can develop what suitable Reef in Chinese South Sea tourism used, the heat collector in solar water heating system is combined into one with heat storage water tank
One, do not have to heat collector, a kind of safe and simple type solar water that suitable Reef in Chinese South Sea tourism uses only is made with heat storage water tank
Device；Its basic ideas is:
First is that make full use of Reef in Chinese South Sea solar energy resources characteristic, as the benchmark of production safe and simple type solar water heater,
The solar energy elevation angle day by day of the Xisha Islands, Zengmu Reef shown in Reef in Chinese South Sea solar energy resources mark sheet as shown in Table 1, Fig. 1
Global radiation, daily mean temperature, daily mean rainfall distribution rule are (once female dark day by day for the regularity of distribution, the Xisha Islands shown in Fig. 2
It is husky: not announce statistical measurement data)::
The exclusive mark sheet of table 1, Reef in Chinese South Sea solar energy resources
Can be clearly seen from table 1, Fig. 1, Fig. 2, either annual mean, still the regularity of distribution is seen day by day, Reef in Chinese South Sea region with
There is completely different solar energy resources feature in other regions of China, can make full use of its feature, simplify solar thermal utilization dress
The production set；
Second is that the solar thermal utilization of the high-tech achievement for making full use of the present age to develop, especially new material production safe and simple
Device；By taking solar water heater as an example, many decades follow substantially using a variety of different performance materials production, be assembled into heat collector+
The solar water heating system of heat storage water tank, but with hi-tech development.The especially graphene that fast development is got up in recent years
Foam/paraffin wax phase change energy storage material, it will replace the sun of existing a variety of different materials assembling production with a kind of multifunctional material
Energy water-heater system, simplifies manufacture craft, cost-effective, safe and practicalization；Thinking is: grapheme foam/paraffin wax phase
Change heat storage material can not only make solar water heater heat storage water tank, and combine Reef in Chinese South Sea solar energy resources feature, into one
It walks and excavates its Potential performance, do not have to heat collector, only use boiler, directly make a kind of safety that suitable Reef in Chinese South Sea tourism uses
Simple type solar water heater.
Summary of the invention
Based on above-mentioned basic ideas, the technical problem to be solved is that:
1, the solar energy resources feature locating for the Reef in Chinese South Sea and the special material of suitable for making South Sea solar water heater is selected to go out
Hair, only with a kind of grapheme foam/paraffin wax phase-change heat-storage material is made as with heat accumulation, heat preservation, heat-insulated, heat dissipation is multi-functional in one
The existing thermal-arrest made of multiple material is reduced to by the solar water heater of body with the solar water heater system for thermal
The safe and simple type solar water heater for having both thermal-arrest and being integrated with heat accumulation heat only made of a kind of material；According to newest digging
Pick, grapheme foam/paraffin wax phase change energy storage material make solar water heater, except described in the patent 2,018,114,011,118 one
Outside serial excellent properties, using Reef in Chinese South Sea whole year, solar radiation intensity is big day by day, stablize and temperature, water temperature are at 25 degree or more
The characteristics of, excavating grapheme foam/paraffin phase change material has the characteristics that performance varies with temperature, realize by heat accumulation, heat preservation,
It radiates, is heat-insulated in integrated solar water heater shell；When night is without solar radiation, water heater housing hull-skin temperature is gradually
Decline, the paraffin in grapheme foam are gradually also undergone phase transition, and are changed into solid-state by liquid, therewith volume-diminished, in foam
Middle formation vacuum heat-insulating layer prevents case temperature from declining, and protection shell also has the function of heat accumulation, heat supply at night；When
Daytime arrive, solar energy first by the solid paraffin in the grapheme foam in shell from outside to inside be molten into liquid paraffin,
Volume increases, and thermal coefficient increases, and restores its high heat transfer, heat sinking function, gradually heats the water in liner and be stabilized to 60
Spend the phase critical point of left and right；Using Reef in Chinese South Sea, solar radiation energy, water temperature and air temperature height, duration, stable resource are special day by day
The interdependence effects that point is converted with grapheme foam/paraffin wax phase change energy storage material mushy stage performance by solar energy round the clock, can be real
Now by heat accumulation, heat preservation, heat-insulated, heat dissipation in the solar water heater of one；
2, from safety, simplification, practicability, water heater is designed and produced, selected design parameter requirement is:
First is that water heater does not store excessive solar water, to meet that night hot water requirement as goal of regulation and control, reach safety
Use the requirement of solar water；
Second is that water heater is light-weight, small in size, installation and removal are simply convenient；
4th, low in cost, personal travel carries lightweight and convenient；
The water heater parameter designed accordingly is as shown in table 2:
Table 2 is suitable for the safe and simple solar water heater design parameter that Reef in Chinese South Sea tourism uses
| For bather number | 1-2 people | 2-3 people |
| Water heater internal volume | 40L | 60L |
| The outer volume of water heater (including upper lower wall shell | 75.7L | 109.8L |
| Water heater internal volume diameter | 260mm | 260mm |
| The outer volume diameter of water heater | 340mm | 340mm |
| Water heater length | 8340mm | 1210mm |
| Water heater housing wall thickness | 40mm | 40mm |
| Water heater housing volume | 35.7L | 50.2L |
| Paraffin fills the efficiency of shell by 85% conversion weight | 23.4kg | 32.9Kg |
| Water heater net weight (including grapheme foam weight) | 37.8kg | 53.2kg |
| 25 DEG C of water are heated to 60 DEG C and need paraffin amount | 23.44kg | 32.16kg |
In order to solve the above technical problems, adopting the technical scheme that: a kind of safety letter that suitable Reef in Chinese South Sea tourism uses
Easy type solar water heater, which is characterized in that water heater is the different cylindrical body of draw ratio, by water heater body, water heater shell
Body and water heater mouth, water inlet, sewage draining exit, overflow and exhaust outlet form；Wherein the water heater housing selects graphite
Alkene foam/paraffin wax phase change energy storage material production, wherein high, firm with thermal coefficient height, porosity height, large specific surface area, intensity
Property good, water-tolerant, density are low, molding is easy three-dimensional porous connected network structure grapheme foam material be made as water heater
Shell support frame, by vacuum impregnation technology or natural absorption method are high by heat of fusion, energy storage density is big, phase transformation when steam force down,
Spontaneous nucleation is without precipitation without surfusion, the liquid paraffin phase that chemical property is stable, nontoxic, tasteless, hydrophobic, cheap when crystallization
Become material and be made as water heater housing working media, is adsorbed in grapheme foam hole, is combined water heater housing；
For the needs for being suitble to Reef in Chinese South Sea personal travel, the specific performance of water heater material is made are as follows:
Wherein grapheme foam/paraffin wax phase change energy storage material selects thermal coefficient 4.0w/mk ± (thermally conductive for No. 60 liquid paraffins
10 times or more of coefficient), density 1.06g/cm3, thermal diffusion coefficient > 900mm2The microcosmic solid-liquid phase of/s, macroscopical solid-solid phase are determined
Shape energy storage material makes shell, and grapheme foam material volume accounts for 10% in shell, and liquid paraffin accounts for 90%；
Wherein grapheme foam selects density 0.25g/cm3±, aperture in sub-micron to hundreds of microns range is adjustable, porosity of=
90% and connection, support own wt and water storage weight more than load (according to related test, grapheme foam can support self weight
3000 times or more load)；
Wherein paraffin selects No. 60 food-grade paraffin wax, 0.8kcal/kg DEG C of specific heat, heat of fusion 60kcal/kg, liquidus density
0.77g/cm3, 0.9 g/cm of solid state density3, liquid-solid phase transformation when cubical contraction ≈ 15%, 61-62 DEG C of fusing point；It is made as shell
Middle working media；
The safe and simple type solar water heater designed and produced with this, specifically reaches following technical performance:
The first, water heater shower water volume: 40 liters of two kinds of 60 liter capacities used with 2-3 people used suitable for 1-2 people；
The second, the net bulk density 38kg of water heater to travel and two kinds of 53kg the net bulk density of water heater: are carried suitable for a 1 people or 2 people；
Third uses hot water temperature: daytime is under solar irradiation, it is ensured that repeatedly needs for 60 DEG C of hot water, night ensures to supply twice
60 DEG C of hot water need；
4th, the safe and simple property used: not storing water overnight, does not generate the perishable water greater than 60 DEG C, do not have to heat collector,
Electrical auxiliary heater and magnesium bar, production is simple, and dismounting is quick, makes full use of Reef in Chinese South Sea solar energy duration, stabilization, radiates strong
Resources characteristic.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the Xisha Islands, Zengmu Reef solar energy elevation angle regularity of distribution schematic diagram day by day,
Fig. 2 is Xisha Islands global radiation, daily mean temperature, the signal of daily mean rainfall distribution rule day by day,
Fig. 3 is 40 liters of safe and simple type solar water heater structure schematic diagrames,
Fig. 4 is 60 liters of safe and simple type solar energy energy water heater structure schematic diagrames,
Fig. 5 safe and simple type solar water heater casing cross-section structure enlargement diagram;
1 is solar water heater ontology in Fig. 3,4,5, and 2 be grapheme foam/paraffin phase change material production shell, and 2-1 is stone
The shell support frame of black alkene foamed material production, 2-2 are the shell working medias of liquid paraffin phase-change material production, and 3 be heat
Hydrophone water outlet, 4 be water feeding of heater mouth, and 5 be water heater sewage draining exit, and 6 be water heater overflow, exhaust outlet.
Specific embodiment
It is described with reference to the drawings, the technical solution of specific implementation is a kind of safe and simple that suitable Reef in Chinese South Sea tourism uses
Type solar water heater, it is characterised in that: water heater is the different cylindrical body of draw ratio, by solar water heater ontology 1, graphite
Alkene foam/wax phase change phase-change material production water heater housing 2, water heater mouth 3, water feeding of heater mouth 4, water heater row
Dirty mouth 5, water heater overflow and exhaust outlet 6 form；Wherein the water heater housing 2 is by grapheme foam/material production support
Skeleton 2-1, the working media 2-2 for being made liquid paraffin phase-change material by vacuum impregnation technology or natural absorption method, is adsorbed on
In grapheme foam hole, it is combined water heater housing 2；
For the needs for being suitble to Reef in Chinese South Sea personal travel, the specific performance of production water heater material is selected are as follows:
Grapheme foam/paraffin wax phase change energy storage material selection thermal coefficient 4.0w/mk ± (for No. 60 liquid paraffin thermal coefficients
10 times or more), density 1.06g/cm3, thermal diffusion coefficient > 900mm2The setting storage of the microcosmic solid-liquid phase of/s, macroscopical solid-solid phase
Energy material makes shell, and grapheme foam material volume accounts for 10% in shell, and liquid paraffin accounts for 90%；
Wherein grapheme foam selects density 0.25g/cm3±, aperture in sub-micron to hundreds of microns range is adjustable, porosity of=
90% and connection, support own wt and water storage weight more than load (according to related test, grapheme foam can support self weight
3000 times or more load), it is made as support frame in shell；
Wherein paraffin selects No. 60 food-grade paraffin wax, 0.8kcal/kg DEG C of specific heat, heat of fusion 60kcal/kg, liquidus density
0.77g/cm3, 0.9 g/cm of solid state density3, liquid-solid phase transformation when cubical contraction ≈ 15%, 61-62 DEG C of fusing point；It is made as shell
Middle working media；
The safe and simple type solar water heater designed and produced with this, specifically reaches following technical performance:
The first, water heater shower water volume: 40 liters of two kinds of 60 liter capacities used with 2-3 people used suitable for 1-2 people；
The second, the net bulk density 38kg of water heater to travel and two kinds of 53kg the net bulk density of water heater: are carried suitable for a 1 people or 2 people；
Third uses hot water temperature: daytime is under solar irradiation, it is ensured that repeatedly needs for 60 DEG C of hot water, night ensures to supply twice
60 DEG C of hot water need；
4th, the safe and simple property used: not storing water overnight, does not generate the perishable water greater than 60 DEG C, do not have to heat collector,
Electrical auxiliary heater and magnesium bar, production is simple, and dismounting is quick, makes full use of Reef in Chinese South Sea solar energy duration, stabilization, radiates strong
Resources characteristic.
Claims (1)
- The safe and simple type solar water heater used 1. a kind of suitable Reef in Chinese South Sea is traveled, it is characterised in that: water heater is length Diameter is than different cylindrical bodies, by solar water heater ontology (1), grapheme foam/wax phase change phase-change material production hot water Device shell (2), water heater mouth (3), water feeding of heater mouth (4), water heater sewage draining exit (5), water heater overflow and exhaust (6) it forms；Wherein the water heater housing (2) passes through Vaccum Permeating by grapheme foam/material production support frame (2-1) Liquid paraffin phase-change material is made as working media (2-2) by stain method or natural absorption method, is adsorbed in grapheme foam hole, It is combined water heater housing (2)；Select the specific performance of production water heater material are as follows:Grapheme foam/paraffin wax phase change energy storage material select thermal coefficient 4.0w/mk ±, density 1.06g/cm3, thermal diffusion system Number > 900mm2The microcosmic solid-liquid phase of/s, the setting energy storage material of macroscopic view solid-solid phase make shell (2), graphene in shell (2) Foamed material volume accounts for 10%, and liquid paraffin accounts for 90%；Wherein grapheme foam selects density 0.25g/cm3±, aperture in sub-micron to hundreds of microns range is adjustable, porosity of= 90% and connection, support own wt and water storage weight more than load, be made as support frame in shell (2-1)；Wherein paraffin selects No. 60 food-grade paraffin wax, 0.8kcal/kg DEG C of specific heat, heat of fusion 60kcal/kg, liquidus density 0.77g/cm3, 0.9 g/cm of solid state density3, liquid-solid phase transformation when cubical contraction ≈ 15%, 61-62 DEG C of fusing point；It is made as shell Middle working media (2-2)；The safe and simple type solar water heater designed and produced with this, specifically reaches following technical performance:The first, water heater shower water volume: 40 liters of 60 liters two kinds used with 2-3 people used suitable for 1-2 people；The second, the net bulk density 38kg of water heater to travel and two kinds of 53kg the net bulk density of water heater: are carried suitable for a 1 people or 2 people；Third uses hot water temperature: daytime is under solar irradiation, it is ensured that repeatedly needs for 60 DEG C of hot water, night ensures to supply twice 60 DEG C of hot water need；4th, it uses safe and simple: not storing water overnight, do not generate the metamorphic water greater than 60 DEG C, do not have to heat collector, auxiliary electricity adds Hot device and magnesium bar, production is simple, and dismounting is quick, makes full use of Reef in Chinese South Sea solar radiation time length, stablizes, radiates strong money Source feature.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020232110A3 (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2021-01-07 | Css Nanotech, Llc | Three-dimensional carbon nanotube sponge materials as absorbers of phase change materials |
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| KR20140011875A (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2014-01-29 | 고수남 | Assembled type solar hot water storage tank |
| CN204313685U (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-05-06 | 河北省科学院能源研究所 | A kind of energy storage device |
| CN104697207A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-06-10 | 湖南哲能赫新能源有限责任公司 | Heat-accumulating and heat-insulating water storage device of solar water heater |
| CN204718162U (en) * | 2015-04-18 | 2015-10-21 | 山东信合节能科技股份有限公司 | A kind of solar energy phase transition heat accumulation water tank |
| CN207471650U (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-06-08 | 沈阳立德迅科技有限公司 | A kind of solar energy solid regenerative apparatus |
| CN109489278A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-03-19 | 湖南省农村科技发展中心 | Grapheme foam/paraffin wax phase change energy storage material production solar water heater water tank |
-
2019
- 2019-05-21 CN CN201910426205.9A patent/CN110094891A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20140011875A (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2014-01-29 | 고수남 | Assembled type solar hot water storage tank |
| CN204313685U (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-05-06 | 河北省科学院能源研究所 | A kind of energy storage device |
| CN104697207A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-06-10 | 湖南哲能赫新能源有限责任公司 | Heat-accumulating and heat-insulating water storage device of solar water heater |
| CN204718162U (en) * | 2015-04-18 | 2015-10-21 | 山东信合节能科技股份有限公司 | A kind of solar energy phase transition heat accumulation water tank |
| CN207471650U (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-06-08 | 沈阳立德迅科技有限公司 | A kind of solar energy solid regenerative apparatus |
| CN109489278A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-03-19 | 湖南省农村科技发展中心 | Grapheme foam/paraffin wax phase change energy storage material production solar water heater water tank |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020232110A3 (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2021-01-07 | Css Nanotech, Llc | Three-dimensional carbon nanotube sponge materials as absorbers of phase change materials |
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