CN110091710A - A kind of retarder of new-energy automobile - Google Patents
A kind of retarder of new-energy automobile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110091710A CN110091710A CN201910421888.9A CN201910421888A CN110091710A CN 110091710 A CN110091710 A CN 110091710A CN 201910421888 A CN201910421888 A CN 201910421888A CN 110091710 A CN110091710 A CN 110091710A
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- Prior art keywords
- gear
- driving
- axle housing
- retarder
- driving axle
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
- B60K17/06—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing
- B60K17/08—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing of mechanical type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
- B60K17/16—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
- B60K17/165—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing provided between independent half axles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Retarders (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of retarder of new-energy automobile, including the first driving axle housing, the first driving axle housing is bolted to connection with the second driving axle housing, and the second driving axle housing is bolted to connection with third driving axle housing;For the optimal dynamic property of electric car automobile, economy and reasonable structure and necessary road clearance, matched-pair design is carried out to car deceleration device, designed retarder is set to guarantee the existing optimal dynamic property of electric car and economy, guarantee it is necessary to road clearance, the other driving member stable workings of gear, noise is small, reasonable arrangement size, there is high transmission efficiency under various revolving speeds and load, guaranteeing enough intensity, under rigidity condition, it is small should to make every effort to quality, reduce the shock loading of uneven road surface, improve ride of vehicle, structure is simple, processing technology is good, manufacture is easy, it repairs easy to adjust, with the guiding mechanism motor coordination of suspension.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to new-energy automobile accessories manufacturing technical field more particularly to a kind of retarders of new-energy automobile.
Background technique
Currently, environmental protection and the protection of renewable energy have become global project, and automobile has become
One major reason of energy consumption and environmental disruption, electric car uses electric energy as a source of power, and the acquisition side of electric energy
Formula is various and extremely limited to the side effect of environment generation, and electric car can be got rid of completely to non-renewable energies such as petroleum
Rely on, and the zero-emission to atmosphere be done step-by-step, thus development resource economizing type and environmentally friendly electric car no matter
It is the development from auto industry, or all becomes imperative from the development of human society.In China's research and development electric car
Not instead of one interim short-term measure, significant, long-range strategic concerns reduce automobile harmful gas pollutant row
High-volume, the automobile that taps a new source of energy is following Main Trends of The Development.
Automobile main reducer and differential mechanism are one of the most crucial components in vehicle transmission, it can produce transmission device
Raw motor torque is transmitted to driving wheel, to realize that reducing speed increases torque, with the development of science and technology, the driving system of automobile
Structure of uniting is varied, and many variety classes also occurs in car deceleration device, mainly according to its gear-type, driving and driven gear
Allocation method and deceleration pattern it is different and different, and the development of speed reducer for electric vehicle also pushes directly on the development of electric vehicle,
Speed reducer for electric vehicle plays a key role on electric vehicle course continuation mileage and vehicle performance, therefore to new-energy automobile retarder
Big research of opening be of great immediate significance.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the prior art, there is no the retarders exclusively for electric car design, and propose
A kind of new-energy automobile retarder.
To achieve the goals above, present invention employs following technical solutions:
A kind of retarder of new-energy automobile, including the first driving axle housing, first driving axle housing and the second drive axle
Shell is bolted to connection, and second driving axle housing is fixedly connected with third driving axle housing by the bolt;Described
Semiaxis is rotatably connected in one driving axle housing and second driving axle housing, the semiaxis passes through bearing and first drive axle
Shell and second driving axle housing rotation connection, the bearing is set as two, is separately positioned on the both ends of the semiaxis, described
Bearing cap is provided on bearing, the bearing cap is fixedly connected with the bearing by bearing adjusting nut;Side is cased on semiaxis
Gear and driven gear, the semiaxis and cross axle are rotatablely connected, and the cross axle includes two 4 planetary gears and planet tooth
The side gear of wheel shaft, the semiaxis is engaged with the planetary gear, and the planetary gear shaft is cross, four rows
Star gear and fixing sleeve are cased with planet gear pad on four ends of the planetary gear shaft, the planetary gear;It is described
Cross axle and half shaft connection place are provided with differential mechanism left shell half and differential mechanism right half-shell, the differential mechanism left shell half and described
Differential mechanism right half-shell is respectively distributed to the two sides of the cross axle of the semiaxis axial direction, the differential mechanism left shell half and institute
Differential mechanism right half-shell is stated to be fixedly connected with the inner wall of first driving axle housing and second driving axle housing;The semiaxis is vertical
Direction is provided with driving gear shaft, and driving gear, the driving gear and the row are fixedly installed on the driving gear shaft
Star gear and driven gear engagement.
Preferably, first driving axle housing surface, which is set, offers skin oil seal ring and breather, and the skin oil seal ring is used to
The mechanical organ of oil sealing rouge, the component for needing to lubricate in transmission parts is isolated with power output component, is unlikely to that lubricating oil is allowed to seep by it
Leakage, speed changer can generate temperature change at runtime, and internal gas pressure can generate variation, and the breather is exactly for balancing
Inner and outer air pressure prevents oil leak to help to radiate.
Preferably, the reduction ratio of the retarder is 4.0, and the retarder uses the main deceleration of single-stage single entry hypoid gear
Device.
Preferably, the lowest gear gear ratio value of the speed changer is 5.4, final driver ratio 4.4, main reducing gear
Driven gear to the transmission efficiency between driving wheel be 97%, reduction ratio 1, be driven by engine torque capacity and deep low gear
It is 3956.04Nm than the calculating torque to determine driven gear, determines that the calculating of driven gear turns by driving wheel slipping torque
Square is 3505Nm, 4124Nm and 5154Nm, and the average computation torque of main reducing gear driven gear is 2392Nm;According to
Main reducing gear is acted under the deep low gear transmission ratio of engine torque capacity and power train, driving wheel-slip both of these case
The smaller of torque on driven gear, the assumed (specified) load checked in Strength co-mputation as general car.
Preferably, the driven gear in order to have ideal flank of tooth overlap coefficient and bending strength, in the retarder
The sum of number of teeth amount should be greater than 20, and the driving gear number is 5.
Preferably, the calculation formula T1=of driven gear is determined according to engine torque capacity and deep low gear transmission ratio
Tmax (engine amount torque capacity) a (speed changer deep low gear transmission ratio) b (final driver ratio) k (overload system
Number) c (transmission efficiency)/n (the drive axle number of vehicle);
The calculating torque of driven wheel of differential is determined by driving wheel slipping torque:
T2=(attachment coefficient b1 of the automobile to ground bring maximum average load amount estimated value a1 tire road pavement
The rolling radius r) of wheel/(main reducing gear driven gear to the transmission efficiency c1 main reducing gear driven gear between driving wheel
Reduction ratio c2 between driving wheel);
The average computation torque of main reducing gear driven gear are as follows:
[(automobile is to ground bring maximal workload a1 vehicle wheel roll radius r)/(main reducing gear driven gear by T3=
To the transmission efficiency c1 main reducing gear driven gear between driving wheel to the reduction ratio c2 between driving wheel)] (automobile is normal
Average climbing capacity coefficient f1+ rolling resistance coefficient f2 when use).
Can according to from above formula the formula of smaller value empirically select:
D=k2 (diameter quotient) three times under radical sign torque numerical value m;
Show that the wide face of the gear of driven gear is 29.337mm, the pitch diameter pitch diameter value model of the driven gear
It encloses for 174.2mm-276.8mm, there is high transmission efficiency under various revolving speeds and load.
Preferably, the driving gear shaft is divided into five sections, and the first shaft part is the driving gear, the tooth of the driving gear
Width is 29.34mm, and big end reference diameter is 44mm, tip diameter 52mm;Second shaft part is No.1 bearing fit section, this
Duan Xuanyong No.1 bearing, the No.1 bearing path are 35mm, and major diameter 80mm, path width is 17.7mm, the diameter of axis
For 35mm, width 27mm;Third shaft part be No. two bearing fit sections, this section select No. two bearings, No. two bearings it is small
Diameter is 32mm, major diameter 65mm, and path width is 19.7mm, and the diameter of axis is 32mm, width 59.5mm, third shaft part with
It is connected between second shaft part with axle sleeve, the long 44mm of axle sleeve;4th shaft section diameter is 31.5mm, this section contains spline, keyway depth
3mm;5th shaft part is bolt axle, and the diameter of the bolt axle is 10mm, width 20mm, bolt length 9.3mm.By such
Spacing cooperation ensure that electric car it is necessary to road clearance, the other driving member stable workings of gear, noise is small, reasonable cloth
Set size.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantages:
It is right for the optimal dynamic property of electric car automobile, economy and reasonable structure and necessary road clearance
Car deceleration device carries out matched-pair design, makes designed retarder:
1, guarantee the existing optimal dynamic property of electric car and economy;
2, guarantee it is necessary to road clearance, the other driving member stable workings of gear, noise is small, reasonably arranges size;
3, there is high transmission efficiency under various revolving speeds and load;
4, in the case where guaranteeing enough intensity, rigidity condition, Ying Liqiu mass is small, reduces the shock loading of uneven road surface, mentions
High ride of vehicle;
5, structure is simple, and processing technology is good, and manufacture is easy, and repairs easy to adjust;
6, with the guiding mechanism motor coordination of suspension.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of positive structure schematic of the retarder of new-energy automobile proposed by the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of side structure schematic diagram of the retarder of new-energy automobile proposed by the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the driven gear in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the driving gear shaft in the present invention.
In figure: 1 first driving axle housing, 11 skin oil seal rings, 12 breathers, 2 second driving axle housings, 3 third driving axle housings, 4
Bolt, 5 semiaxis, 51 side gears, 52 driven gears, 6 cross axles, 61 planetary gears, 62 planetary gear shafts, 63 planetary gear pads
Piece, 64 differential mechanism left shell halfs, 65 differential mechanism right half-shells, 7 driving gear shafts, 71 driving gears, 72 first shaft parts, 73 second axis
Section, 74 third shaft parts, 75 the 4th shaft parts, 76 the 5th shaft parts, bearing 8,81 bearing caps.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.
Embodiment one
The calculating torque T1 of driven gear is determined by engine torque capacity and deep low gear transmission ratio:
T1=Tmax (engine amount torque capacity) a (speed changer deep low gear transmission ratio) b (main reducing gear transmission
Than) k (over-loading coefficient) c (transmission efficiency)/n (the drive axle number of vehicle)=3956.04Nm;
Wherein:
A=5.4;
B=4.4;
Tmax=185NM;
K=1;
C=0.9;
N=1.
Embodiment two
The calculating torque of driven gear is determined by driving wheel slipping torque:
T2=(attachment coefficient b1 of the automobile to ground bring maximum average load amount estimated value a1 tire road pavement
The rolling radius r) of wheel/(main reducing gear driven gear to the transmission efficiency c1 main reducing gear driven gear between driving wheel
Reduction ratio c2 between driving wheel);
When the highway automobile that electric car is general tire:
B1=0.85;
T2=3505Nm;
When electric car is offroad vehicle:
B1=1.0;
T2=4124Nm;
When electric car is the sedan limousine of the sliding wide base tire of the special fat of installation:
B1=1.25;
T2=5154Nm;
Wherein:
A1=10000N;
B1=0.85 or 1.0 or 1.25 (for installing the highway automobile of general tire, takes 0.85;To cross-country vapour
Vehicle takes 1.0;1.25) sedan limousine for installing the sliding wide base tire of special fat takes;
C1=97%;
C2=1;
R=0.4.
Embodiment three
Embodiment one and embodiment two and load calculated is torque capacity and not normal continuous torque, it is unavailable it
As the foundation of electric vehicle fatigue wear, for the vehicle of municipal highway traveling, road conditions condition is good, and vehicle driving compares
Stablize, normal continuous torque is determined by the value of average specific tractive force, i.e. the average computation of main reducing gear driven gear
Torque T3 are as follows:
[(automobile is to ground bring maximal workload a1 vehicle wheel roll radius r)/(main reducing gear driven gear by T3=
To the transmission efficiency c1 main reducing gear driven gear between driving wheel to the reduction ratio c2 between driving wheel)] (automobile is normal
Average climbing capacity coefficient f1+ rolling resistance coefficient f2 when use)=2392Nm;
Wherein:
A1=10000N;
R=0.4;
C1=97%;
C2=1;
F1=0.46;
F2=0.12.
In order to have ideal flank of tooth overlap coefficient and bending strength, the sum of driven tooth number of gear teeth in retarder is greater than 20
A, driving gear number is recommended as 5, and allowed band is 6-8.
Driven wheel of differential pitch diameter d can be calculated according to formula:
D=k2 (diameter quotient) three times under radical sign torque numerical value m;
Wherein k2 value range is 13-16, and m value range is 15.8,15.2,16,17.3 and 13.4;
So when the calculating torque for determining the driven gear by engine torque capacity and deep low gear transmission ratio:
The value range of d is 205.4mm-252.8mm;
When the calculating torque for determining driven gear by driving wheel slipping torque:
The value range of d is 197.6mm-276.8mm;
When the average computation torque for pressing main reducing gear driven gear:
The value range of D is 174.2mm-214.4mm.
Referring to Fig. 4, driving gear shaft is divided into five sections, and the first shaft part 72 is driving gear, and the facewidth of driving gear is
29.34mm, big end reference diameter are 44mm, tip diameter 52mm;Second shaft part 73 is No.1 bearing fit section, this section
No.1 bearing is selected, No.1 bearing path is 35mm, and major diameter 80mm, path width is 17.7mm, and the diameter of axis is 35mm,
Width is 27mm;Third shaft part 74 is No. two bearing fit sections, this section selects No. two bearings, and the path of No. two bearings is 32mm,
Major diameter is 65mm, and path width is 19.7mm, and the diameter of axis is 32mm, width 59.5mm, third shaft part 74 and the second axis
It is connected between section 73 with axle sleeve, the long 44mm of axle sleeve;4th shaft part, 75 diameter is 31.5mm, this section contains spline, keyway depth
3mm;5th shaft part 76 is bolt axle, and the diameter of bolt axle is 10mm, width 20mm, bolt length 9.3mm, by part
Structure, size, cooperation, the gap etc. between each part designs the axis for meeting intensity requirement, can safe and reliable operation.
Description before offer be can practice to make any person skilled in the art it is described herein various
Aspect.Various modifications in terms of these will be easy to be understood by those skilled, and general as defined in this article
Suitable principle can be applied to other aspects.Therefore, claim be not intended to be limited to herein shown in aspect, but answer
The full scope consistent with linguistic claim is awarded, wherein removing non-specifically sound to the citation of the singular of element
It is bright, it is otherwise not intended to indicate " one and only one ", but " one or more ".Meant herein using term " exemplary "
" being used as example, example or explanation ".It need not be construed as here depicted as any aspect of " exemplary " preferred or advantageous over it
In terms of him.Unless specifically stated otherwise, otherwise term "some" refer to one or more.Each side described throughout this disclosure
The element in face is that those of ordinary skill in the art currently or hereafter pass through in known all structures with equivalent scheme functionally
Citation is clearly included in this, and is intended to be covered by the claims.In addition, any content disclosed herein is not all purport
The public is being contributed to, no matter whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in detail in the claims.There is no any claim member
Element should be interpreted that device adds function, unless the element is clearly described using phrase " device being used for ... ".
Claims (7)
1. a kind of retarder of new-energy automobile, including the first driving axle housing (1), which is characterized in that first driving axle housing
(1) it is fixedly connected with the second driving axle housing (2) by bolt (4), second driving axle housing (2) and third driving axle housing (3)
Shell is fixedly connected by the bolt (4);Rotation connection in first driving axle housing (1) and second driving axle housing (2)
Have semiaxis (5), the semiaxis (5) is turned by bearing (8) and first driving axle housing (1) and second driving axle housing (2)
Dynamic connection, the bearing (8) are set as two, are separately positioned on the both ends of the semiaxis (5), are provided on the bearing (8)
Bearing cap (81), the bearing cap (81) are fixedly connected with the bearing by bearing adjusting nut (82);Semiaxis is cased on (5)
Side gear (51) and driven gear (52), the semiaxis (5) and cross axle (6) are rotatablely connected, and the cross axle (6) includes two 4
A planetary gear (61) and planetary gear shaft (62), the side gear (51) and the planetary gear (61) of the semiaxis (5)
Engagement, the planetary gear shaft (62) be it is cross, four planetary gears (61) and fixing sleeve are in the planet tooth
Four ends of wheel shaft (62) are cased with planet gear pad (63) on the planetary gear (61);The cross axle (6) and the semiaxis
(5) junction is provided with differential mechanism left shell half (64) and differential mechanism right half-shell (65), the differential mechanism left shell half (64) and described
Differential mechanism right half-shell (65) is respectively distributed to the two sides of the cross axle (6) of the semiaxis (5) axial direction, the differential mechanism
Left shell half (64) and the differential mechanism right half-shell (65) and first driving axle housing (1) and second driving axle housing (2)
Inner wall is fixedly connected;Semiaxis (5) vertical direction is provided with driving gear shaft (7), and fixation is set on the driving gear shaft (7)
It is equipped with driving gear (71), the driving gear (71) is engaged with the planetary gear (61) and the driven gear (52).
2. a kind of retarder of new-energy automobile according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first driving axle housing
(1) surface, which is set, offers skin oil seal ring (11) and breather (12).
3. a kind of retarder of new-energy automobile according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the reduction ratio of the retarder
It is 4.0, the retarder uses single-stage single entry hypoid gear main reducing gear.
4. a kind of retarder of new-energy automobile according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the speed changer deep low gear passes
Dynamic ratio is 5.4, final driver ratio 4.4, driven gear (52) described in main reducing gear to the transmission efficiency between driving wheel
For 97%, reduction ratio 1, the calculating of the driven gear (52) is determined by engine torque capacity and deep low gear transmission ratio
Torque is 3956.04Nm, by driving wheel slipping torque determine driven gear calculating torque be 3505Nm, 4124Nm and
5154Nm, the average computation torque of main reducing gear driven gear are 2392Nm.
5. a kind of retarder of new-energy automobile according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in the retarder
The sum of driven gear (52) quantity should be greater than 20, and the driving gear number is 5.
6. a kind of retarder of new-energy automobile according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the driven gear (52)
The wide face of gear is 29.337mm, and the pitch diameter value range of the driven gear (52) is 174.2mm-276.8mm.
7. a kind of retarder of new-energy automobile according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the driving gear shaft (7)
It is divided into five sections, the first shaft part (72) is the driving gear (71), and the facewidth of the driving gear (71) is 29.34mm, big end
Reference diameter is 44mm, tip diameter 52mm;Second shaft part (73) is No.1 bearing fit section, this section selects No.1 axis
It holds, the No.1 bearing path is 35mm, and major diameter 80mm, path width is 17.7mm, and the diameter of axis is 35mm, and width is
27mm;Third shaft part (74) is No. two bearing fit sections, this section selects No. two bearings, and the path of No. two bearings is 32mm,
Major diameter is 65mm, and path width is 19.7mm, and the diameter of axis is 32mm, width 59.5mm, the third shaft part (74) with
It is connected between second shaft part (73) with axle sleeve, the long 44mm of axle sleeve;4th shaft part (75) diameter is 31.5mm, this section contains spline,
Keyway depth 3mm;5th shaft part (76) is bolt axle, and the diameter of the bolt axle is 10mm, width 20mm, and bolt length is
9.3mm。
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201910421888.9A CN110091710A (en) | 2019-05-21 | 2019-05-21 | A kind of retarder of new-energy automobile |
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CN201910421888.9A CN110091710A (en) | 2019-05-21 | 2019-05-21 | A kind of retarder of new-energy automobile |
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CN110091710A true CN110091710A (en) | 2019-08-06 |
Family
ID=67448723
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Cited By (1)
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CN114061941A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-02-18 | 吉林大学 | Experimental environment adjusting test method and system for new energy vehicle gearbox and test box |
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CN2730672Y (en) * | 2004-01-14 | 2005-10-05 | 北京嘉捷源技术开发有限公司 | Double power rear driving axle for parallel mixed power vehicle |
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CN201031926Y (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2008-03-05 | 北京航天发射技术研究所 | Vehicle disconnection type drive axle central reducer unit assembly |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114061941A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-02-18 | 吉林大学 | Experimental environment adjusting test method and system for new energy vehicle gearbox and test box |
CN114061941B (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2023-12-19 | 吉林大学 | Experimental environment adjustment test method and system for new energy vehicle gearbox and test box |
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Application publication date: 20190806 |