CN110090924B - Wax mould for inner net sleeve precise casting and manufacturing and casting method thereof - Google Patents
Wax mould for inner net sleeve precise casting and manufacturing and casting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110090924B CN110090924B CN201910465672.2A CN201910465672A CN110090924B CN 110090924 B CN110090924 B CN 110090924B CN 201910465672 A CN201910465672 A CN 201910465672A CN 110090924 B CN110090924 B CN 110090924B
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- side wall
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 188
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010068 moulding (rubber) Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010837 adhesive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 loose core Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
- B22C7/02—Lost patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
- B22C9/24—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings for hollow articles
Abstract
A wax mould of the precise casting of the inner net sleeve, and its manufacturing and casting method, the said mould includes upper mould, rubber sleeve and steel core; the upper die and the lower die are provided with a cavity matched with the shape and the size of the outer side wall of the inner mesh sleeve; the rubber sleeve is of a hollow sleeve structure, and reticulate projections matched with the shape and the size of the inner side wall of the inner reticulate sleeve are arranged on the outer side wall of the rubber sleeve; the steel core with the rubber sleeve passes through the cavity between the upper die and the lower die; the space formed between the outer side wall of the rubber sleeve and the cavities of the upper die and the lower die forms a forming cavity of the wax die of the inner net sleeve. And (3) die assembly is carried out, wax injection is carried out in a wax injection machine, the steel core is extracted, and the rubber sleeve is pulled out of the wax die by using a nipper pliers, so that the manufacturing of the wax die is completed. The invention solves the technical problems of low production efficiency, large industrial emission and waste gas caused by using a water-soluble core, a ceramic core, a urea core or assembly welding due to the structural reasons of products in the precise casting process of the silica sol.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of precision casting, in particular to a wax mould of an inner-mesh sleeve precision casting and a manufacturing and casting method thereof.
Background
In the mechanical precision casting process, the structural forms of complex internal cavities, small outside and large inside, poor manufacturing manufacturability of wax parts and molds, and incapability of adopting direct core pulling or loose core pulling technology for molding wax molds are frequently encountered. The general manufacturing process of the prior art silica sol precision casting process has two modes: the first adopts the technology of loose core, water-soluble core, ceramic core and urea core to produce wax mould, and the second adopts the technology of split manufacturing and then assembling welding forming to produce wax mould. In the first manufacturing process, the manufacturing period of the wax mould and the casting for manufacturing the water-soluble core, the ceramic core and the urea core is long, the occupied working space is large, and the qualification rate of the wax mould casting is low; the most critical is that in the post-manufacturing process, the water-soluble core, the urea core and the alkali explosion are dissolved to remove the ceramic core, which is labor-consuming, and a large amount of unrecoverable industrial waste and waste gas is generated, thus bringing great influence to the environment. In the second manufacturing process, in the process of manufacturing separately and then assembling, welding and forming, the wax mould needs to use an adhesive, and industrial waste gas is also generated in the process of casting welding, so that the environment is influenced with labor.
The reticulate pattern sleeve with different shapes is one of the most special series products, as shown in a structural diagram form of fig. 1-3, a plurality of inner hexagonal reticulation patterns with consistent shapes, sizes and depths are designed on the inner circumference of the inner reticulation sleeve, and casting defects such as steel balls, meat and the like are not allowed in the inner reticulation sleeve of a casting. The structure adopts an investment precision casting process, and the common process for manufacturing the wax mould casting only uses a water-soluble core or a ceramic core, but the water-soluble core or the ceramic core can be scrapped due to casting defects such as steel balls of recessed inner net wires, more meat and the like in the manufacturing and transportation process due to the thinner inner net wires, and more importantly, a large amount of unrecoverable industrial waste and waste gas are generated in the production process, so that the environment is greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of low efficiency in production, large industrial emission and large waste gas caused by the use of a water-soluble core, a ceramic core, a urea core or assembly welding in the process of precisely casting silica sol in a precision casting mechanical product, and provides a wax mold of an inner-mesh-tube precision casting and a process method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a wax mould of an inner net sleeve precise casting comprises an upper mould, a lower mould, a locating pin, a locating sleeve, a rubber sleeve and a steel core; the upper die and the lower die are connected in a positioning way through a positioning pin and a positioning sleeve, and the upper die and the lower die are provided with a cavity matched with the shape and the size of the outer side wall of the inner mesh sleeve; the rubber sleeve is of a hollow sleeve structure, and reticulate pattern protrusions matched with the shape and the size of the inner side wall of the inner net sleeve are arranged on the outer side wall of the rubber sleeve; the rubber sleeve is sleeved on the steel core in a matching way; the steel core with the rubber sleeve is axially penetrated through the cavity between the upper die and the lower die; the space formed between the outer side wall of the rubber sleeve and the cavities of the upper die and the lower die forms a molding cavity of the wax die of the inner net sleeve, and the joint surfaces of the upper die and the lower die are provided with pouring gates connected to the molding cavity.
Above-mentioned accurate foundry goods of intranet sleeve pipe's wax matrix mould, its further improvement lies in: the axial length of the rubber sleeve is greater than that of the inner mesh sleeve; limiting steps are arranged on the end surfaces of the two ends of the upper die and the lower die, which correspond to the rubber sleeve; the axial length of the steel core is greater than that of the rubber sleeve; the small end of the steel core is provided with a positioning shaft, the upper die and the lower die are correspondingly provided with positioning holes, the large end of the steel core is provided with radial pin holes, and the upper die and the lower die are provided with through holes and pin shafts matched with the pin holes.
Above-mentioned accurate foundry goods of intranet sleeve pipe's wax matrix mould, its further improvement lies in: the steel core is provided with an exhaust groove, and the axial length of the steel core and the length of the exhaust groove are greater than the axial length of the rubber sleeve.
Above-mentioned accurate foundry goods of intranet sleeve pipe's wax matrix mould, its further improvement lies in: the rubber sleeve is manufactured by a rubber sleeve die, and the rubber sleeve die comprises a first upper die, a first lower die, a first steel core and a rubber forming sleeve; the first upper die and the first lower die are provided with a cavity matched with the shape and the size of the outer side wall of the rubber forming sleeve; the first steel core is a stepped shaft matched with the shape and the size of the inner hole of the rubber sleeve; the rubber forming sleeve is of a hollow sleeve structure, the inner diameter of the rubber forming sleeve is matched with the outer diameter of the rubber sleeve, the inner side wall of the rubber forming sleeve is provided with grid patterns matched with the shape and the size of the reticulate pattern protrusions on the outer side wall of the rubber sleeve, and circular ring frameworks are embedded on two sides of the grid patterns of the rubber forming sleeve; the rubber forming sleeve is pre-embedded and positioned in the cavities of the first upper die and the first lower die, the first steel core is axially arranged in the rubber forming sleeve in a penetrating mode, and a space formed between the first steel core and the rubber forming sleeve forms a forming cavity of the rubber sleeve.
Above-mentioned accurate foundry goods of intranet sleeve pipe's wax matrix mould, its further improvement lies in: the rubber forming sleeve is manufactured by a rubber forming sleeve mold, and the rubber forming sleeve mold comprises a second upper mold, a second lower mold and a grid steel core; the inner cavities of the second upper die and the second lower die are provided with cavities matched with the shape and the size of the outer side wall of the rubber forming sleeve; grid bulges matched with the shape and the size of grid patterns on the inner side wall of the rubber forming sleeve are precisely machined on the outer side wall of the grid steel core; the grid steel core is axially arranged in the cavities of the second upper die and the second lower die in a penetrating mode, and a space formed between the grid steel core and the cavities of the second upper die and the second lower die forms a molding cavity of the rubber molding sleeve.
Above-mentioned accurate foundry goods of intranet sleeve pipe's wax matrix mould, its further improvement lies in: the inner reticulate patterns of the inner net sleeve are polygonal patterns connected with each other or a plurality of scattered polygonal patterns or special-shaped patterns, and the outer side wall of the rubber sleeve is provided with corresponding pattern protrusions; or the inner net sleeve is replaced by a product with an elbow, a tee joint or a cross, and the outer side wall of the rubber sleeve is of a corresponding matching structure.
In addition, the invention also provides a manufacturing and casting method of the wax mould of the precise casting of the inner-mesh sleeve, which comprises the following steps:
A. manufacturing a grid steel core with a stepped shaft structure, and precisely machining grid bulges matched with the inner grid shape and size of the inner grid sleeve on the outer side wall of the grid steel core;
B. the method comprises the steps of designing and manufacturing a rubber forming sleeve mold by taking a grid steel core as a core, injection-molding and matching rubber forming sleeves which are arranged on the outer side wall of the grid steel core in the rubber forming sleeve mold by using glue solution, forming grid patterns matched with the grid bulge shape and the size of the grid steel core on the inner side wall of the rubber forming sleeve, parting after the glue solution is cooled, and separating the rubber forming sleeve from the grid steel core to finish manufacturing the rubber forming sleeve;
C. designing and manufacturing a rubber sleeve mold by taking the inner side wall of a rubber forming sleeve as a reference, injection molding a rubber sleeve with a hollow sleeve structure and a certain thickness, wherein the rubber sleeve is sleeved on a preset first steel core in the rubber sleeve mold by using glue solution, the outer side wall of the rubber sleeve forms reticulate pattern bulges matched with the shape and the size of grid patterns of the inner side wall of the rubber forming sleeve, parting is performed after the glue solution is cooled, and the rubber sleeve is separated from the rubber forming sleeve by using a nipper pliers to finish the manufacturing of the rubber sleeve;
D. the method comprises the steps of designing a wax mould of an inner reticulate pattern sleeve by taking a rubber sleeve as a matrix, sleeving the rubber sleeve on a steel core matched with the inner diameter of the rubber sleeve as an integral core, closing a mould, injecting wax according to the technical requirements of the process, parting, taking the rubber sleeve out of the wax mould by using a nipper pliers after core pulling, and completing the manufacture of the wax mould of the inner reticulate pattern sleeve;
E. the precise casting of the inner net sleeve is completed through the process steps of wax trimming, casting system design and tree assembling, wax mold cleaning, shell making, dewaxing, shell roasting, smelting casting, post treatment, heat treatment and inspection of the melting mold precise casting.
The manufacturing and casting method of the wax mould of the precise casting of the inner net sleeve pipe comprises the following steps of: in the step B, a framework which enables the rubber forming sleeve to keep the shape is added in the process of filling the glue solution, after the glue solution is filled, the mold is closed and pressed, and the redundant glue solution flows into a glue collecting groove preset in a rubber forming sleeve mold.
The manufacturing and casting method of the wax mould of the precise casting of the inner net sleeve pipe comprises the following steps of: in the step E, a mould shell is manufactured by dipping a wax mould in a shell manufacturing process, the dipped slurry is prepared by using 325-mesh zirconium powder, 120-mesh zirconium sand and silica sol, the viscosity of the prepared slurry is measured for 39-43 seconds by using a Jane measuring cup, and the slurry is continuously stirred for more than 12 hours after being mixed.
The manufacturing and casting method of the wax mould of the precise casting of the inner net sleeve pipe comprises the following steps of: when dipping slurry, the wax mould hole and the slurry surface are required to be slowly invaded at an angle of 45-60 degrees, and the mould shell is slowly rotated continuously, so that the air at the bottom of the thin and narrow grid patterns is completely discharged and filled, the mould shell is taken out from the slurry, the grid patterns are treated one by using a compressed air gun nozzle, and the grid patterns are completely filled, then sand is hung and air-dried, so that the next shell making process is allowed to be carried out.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the following technical progress effects:
when the thin-wall rubber sleeve is manufactured according to the internal shape of a product, firstly, the rubber sleeve is sleeved on a steel core with an exhaust groove and is integrally arranged in a die, the die is closed, wax is injected, the steel core is split, the steel core is pulled out, and the long-nose pliers are used for pulling the rubber sleeve out of the wax die, so that the manufacturing of the wax die with a complex shape structure is completed. The invention solves the technical problems of low production efficiency, large industrial emission and waste gas manufacturing process caused by the use of a water-soluble core, a ceramic core, a urea core or assembly welding due to the structural reasons of products in the precise casting process of the silica sol.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an inner-mesh sleeve precision casting of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial view of portion C of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a wax pattern mold for precision casting of inner-mesh bushings according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a wax pattern mold of an inner mesh sleeve precision casting of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the rubber sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a rubber sleeve mold according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a front view of a rubber sleeve mold of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a front view of a rubber molding sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a right side view of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a sectional view E-E of FIG. 9;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a rubber molding sleeve mold according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a front view of a rubber molding bushing mold of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of the grid steel core of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of another internal mesh tube precision casting to which the present invention is applicable;
fig. 16 is a schematic view of a bend and die structure to which the present invention is applicable.
The reference numerals in the drawings are respectively as follows: 1. the upper die, 2, the lower die, 3, the pin shaft, 4, the steel core, 5, the rubber sleeve, 51, the reticulate pattern bulge, 6, the gate, 7, the inner reticulate pattern sleeve, 71, the inner reticulate pattern, 8, the first upper die, 9, the first lower die, 10, the first steel core, 11, the rubber forming sleeve, 111, the grid pattern, 12, the framework, 13, the annular groove, 14, the glue collecting groove, 15, the grid steel core, 151, the grid bulge, 16, the second upper die, 17, the second lower die, 18, the inner reticulate pattern sleeve of another structure, 19, the elbow, 20 and the wax die.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings and examples:
the invention relates to a wax mould and a process method of an inner-mesh sleeve precision casting, which are used for manufacturing an inner-mesh sleeve 7 shown in figures 1-3. The inner side wall of the inner reticulate bushing 7 is provided with a plurality of inward concave inner threads 71 which are uniform in shape, size and depth. The casting process of the product requires that the internal reticulate patterns of the casting have no casting defects such as steel balls, meat and the like. In order to meet the process requirements, the inner-mesh sleeve is manufactured by adopting a solution-die precision casting process, so that a wax die of the inner-mesh sleeve meeting the design requirements needs to be manufactured first.
The wax mould of the inner net sleeve is shown in figures 4-5 and comprises an upper mould 1, a lower mould 2, a locating pin, a locating sleeve, a rubber sleeve 5, a steel core 4 and a pin shaft 3. The upper die 1 and the lower die 2 are in positioning connection through positioning pins and positioning sleeves. The upper die 1 and the lower die 2 are provided with die cavities matched with the shape and the size of the outer side wall of the inner mesh sleeve product, and the die cavities of the upper die 1 and the lower die 2 are symmetrical up and down by taking the axial section of the passing axle center of the inner mesh sleeve product as an interface.
The rubber sleeve 5 is of a hollow sleeve structure shown in fig. 6, the wall thickness of the rubber sleeve 5 is 0.5-1.5 mm, and the rubber sleeve is designed by adopting polyurethane rubber or silicon rubber materials according to the shrinkage rate of the casting wax mould. The outer side wall of the rubber sleeve 5 is provided with reticulate bulges 51, and the reticulate bulges 51 are matched with the inner threads 71 on the inner side wall of the inner thread sleeve 7 in shape and size. The hollow inner hole of the rubber sleeve 5 is a stepped hole, corresponds to the inner mesh sleeve 7 in shape, and comprises a large end round hole, a transition round hole and a small end round hole. For practical operation, the axial length of the rubber sleeve 5 extends outwards beyond the axial length of the inner mesh sleeve 7, and the shape and size of the extending part are consistent with those of the extending starting end.
The steel core 4 is of a stepped shaft structure provided with an exhaust groove, the axial length of the steel core 4 and the length of the exhaust groove are greater than the axial length of the rubber sleeve 5, and the steel core 4 comprises a matching section corresponding to an inner hole of the rubber sleeve 5. The grooves are formed in one or more side buses of the steel core, and the depth of the triangular semicircular rectangle is more than 0.5.
The small end of the matching section is provided with a positioning shaft which is used for being positioned in a limiting hole preset in the upper die 1 and the lower die 2. The large end of the matching section extends outwards along the axial direction, a positioning section for inserting the pin shaft 3 is arranged, and the outer end of the positioning section is provided with an overhanging section extending out of the upper die 1 and the lower die 2.
The outer side wall of the steel core 4 is provided with a rubber sleeve 5 as a whole, and is axially inserted into a cavity between the upper die 1 and the lower die 2. The end surfaces at two ends of the rubber sleeve 5 are limited by limiting steps preset on the upper die 1 and the lower die 2. The small end positioning shaft of the steel core 4 extending out of the rubber sleeve 5 is assembled in the preset limiting holes of the upper die and the lower die, the positioning section of the steel core 4 extending out of the rubber sleeve 5 is positioned by passing through the pin shaft 3 between the upper die and the lower die along the radial direction, and the outer extending section of the steel core 4 extends out of the outer sides of the upper die and the lower die. The space formed between the outer side wall of the rubber sleeve 5 after positioning and limiting and the cavities of the upper die 1 and the lower die 2 forms a molding cavity of the wax die 20 of the inner net sleeve, and the joint surfaces of the upper die 1 and the lower die 2 are provided with a pouring gate 6 connected to the molding cavity.
The rubber sleeve 5 is manufactured by a rubber sleeve mold, and as shown in fig. 7-8, the rubber sleeve mold comprises a first upper mold 8, a first lower mold 9, a first steel core 10 and a rubber forming sleeve 11.
The rubber forming sleeve 11 is a hollow sleeve structure as shown in fig. 9-11. The inner diameter of the rubber forming sleeve 11 is matched with the outer diameter of the rubber sleeve 5, the grid patterns 111 are manufactured on the inner side wall of the rubber forming sleeve 11, and the grid patterns 111 are matched with the shape and the size of the reticulate protrusions 51 on the outer side wall of the rubber sleeve 5. The outer diameter of the rubber forming sleeve 11 corresponds to the end face of the large end of the rubber sleeve 5, the end face of the large end is a square end face, the middle and the small end of the rubber forming sleeve 11, which corresponds to the rubber sleeve 5, are both circular rings, and an annular groove 13 with a semicircular section is formed in the end face of the large end. Two groups of ring frameworks 12 are respectively embedded at two sides of the grid pattern 111 of the rubber forming sleeve 11, so that the shape of the rubber forming sleeve 11 is kept.
The first steel core 10 is a stepped shaft, the middle section of the stepped shaft is in a shape and size matched with the inner hole of the rubber sleeve 5, the small end of the middle section is provided with a positioning shaft, and the large end of the middle section is provided with an outer extending section.
The first upper die 8 and the first lower die 9 are connected in a positioning way through a positioning groove and a positioning protrusion preset on the joint surface, the first upper die 8 and the first lower die 9 are provided with a cavity matched with the shape and the size of the outer side wall of the rubber forming sleeve, and the end face of the first lower die 9, which is jointed with the first upper die 8, is provided with an annular glue collecting groove 14 with a semicircular processing section. The rubber forming sleeve 11 is pre-embedded and positioned in the cavities of the first upper die 8 and the first lower die 9, the first steel core 10 is axially arranged in the rubber forming sleeve 11 in a penetrating mode, and a space formed between the outer side wall of the first steel core 10 and the inner side wall of the rubber forming sleeve 11 forms a forming cavity of the rubber sleeve 5.
The rubber forming sleeve 11 is manufactured by a rubber forming sleeve mold, and as shown in fig. 12-13, the rubber forming sleeve mold comprises a second upper mold 16, a second lower mold 17 and a grid steel core 15. The inner cavities of the second upper die 16 and the second lower die 17 are provided with cavities matched with the shape and the size of the outer side wall of the rubber forming sleeve.
The grid steel core 15 is shown in fig. 14, and the grid steel core 15 is engraved and milled on a four-axis high-speed engraving machine. The grid steel core 15 is preferably a stepped shaft, the outer side wall of the middle section of the stepped shaft is precisely machined with grid bulges 151, and the grid bulges 151 are matched with the grid patterns 111 on the inner side wall of the rubber forming sleeve 11 in shape and size; the small end of the stepped shaft is provided with a positioning shaft; the large end of the stepped shaft is provided with an overhanging section, and the overhanging section is provided with a pin hole. The hole is a process hole which is mainly used for drawing the mould, and can be used for wearing articles such as steel wire rods and the like so as to facilitate forced drawing.
The grid steel core 15 is axially arranged in the cavities of the second upper die 16 and the second lower die 17 in a penetrating manner, and the space formed between the outer side wall of the grid steel core 15 and the cavities of the second upper die 16 and the second lower die 17 forms the molding cavity of the rubber molding sleeve 11.
In addition, the invention also provides a manufacturing and casting method of the wax mould of the precise casting of the inner-mesh sleeve, which comprises the following steps:
A. and manufacturing a grid steel core with a stepped shaft structure. The grid steel core is engraved and milled on a four-shaft high-speed engraving machine, the outer side wall of the grid steel core is precisely machined to manufacture grid protrusions, and the grid protrusions are matched with the shape and the size of reticulate patterns in the inner grid sleeve.
B. And designing and manufacturing a rubber forming sleeve mold by taking the grid steel core as a core. Adding glue solution into a rubber forming sleeve mold, adding a framework when the glue solution is not needed, closing the mold and compacting, and enabling redundant glue solution to flow into a glue collecting groove to obtain a rubber forming sleeve matched and sleeved on the outer side wall of the grid steel core, wherein the inner side wall of the rubber forming sleeve forms grid patterns matched with the grid bulge shape and the size of the grid steel core. And (5) parting after the glue solution is cooled, and separating the rubber forming sleeve from the grid steel core to finish the manufacturing of the rubber forming sleeve.
C. And designing and manufacturing a rubber sleeve mold by taking the inner side wall of the rubber forming sleeve as a reference. And (3) the thin-wall rubber sleeve which is sleeved on the first steel core of the preset stepped shaft structure is subjected to injection molding by using glue solution in the rubber sleeve mold, the outer side wall of the rubber sleeve forms reticulate pattern bulges matched with the shape and the size of the grid pattern of the inner side wall of the rubber forming sleeve, the rubber sleeve is separated after the glue solution is cooled, and the rubber sleeve is separated from the rubber forming sleeve by using a nipper pliers to finish the manufacturing of the rubber sleeve.
D. And designing a wax mould of the inner reticulate pattern sleeve by taking the rubber sleeve as a matrix. The rubber sleeve is sleeved on a steel core with an exhaust groove to serve as a core, the mold is closed, wax is injected and parting is carried out according to the technological requirements, after the steel core is extracted, the rubber sleeve is taken out from the wax mold by using a nipper pliers, and the manufacturing of the wax mold of the inner-mesh sleeve is completed.
E. The inner net sleeve precision casting is completed after the process steps of wax trimming, casting system design tree assembling, wax mold cleaning, shell making, dewaxing, shell roasting, smelting casting, post treatment, heat treatment and inspection of the melting mold precision casting.
In the preparation process, the wax mould is dipped into slurry to prepare a mould shell, the dipped slurry is prepared by using 325-mesh zirconium powder, 120-mesh zirconium sand and silica sol according to the process requirement, the viscosity of the prepared slurry is measured by using a Zhan measuring cup for 39-43 seconds, continuous stirring is required to be more than 12 hours after the slurry is prepared, and the specific operation process is that the wax mould hole and the slurry surface are required to be slowly invaded at an angle of 45-60 degrees during the dipping, the mould shell is slowly rotated continuously, so that air at the bottom of a thin and narrow grid pattern is completely filled, the mould shell is taken out from the slurry, and the grid patterns are treated one by using a compressed air gun nozzle, so that the grid patterns are allowed to be transferred into the next step after being completely filled.
All references herein to "matching" are intended to refer to the form of matching that one skilled in the art can select to meet the process requirements in combination with specific parameters such as rubber, wax, shrinkage of the casting, etc. The manufacturing of each mould is designed according to the technological method requirement and the comprehensive shrinkage rate of castings, rubber and wax molds.
The rubber sleeve process of the invention is used for replacing the common technology of producing wax mould by adopting the technology of precise casting technology of silica sol, such as loose core, water-soluble core, ceramic core, urea core and assembly welding molding, and can be used for manufacturing high-precision castings with inner holes having patterns of any shape and which cannot loose core, such as inner-mesh sleeve 18 products with another structure shown in fig. 15. The invention can also be used for manufacturing products such as elbow products, tee joints, cross-shaped pipe products and pump valve general mechanical products, wherein the casting inner cavity inverse drawing die or the wax die molding can not adopt direct core pulling to finish the wax die molding. As shown in the elbow 19 structure of FIG. 16, the middle is circular, the two ends are conical surfaces with smaller diameter, the thin-wall rubber sleeve can be directly manufactured according to the specific structure of the casting, when in use, the two ends are respectively transferred into the steel core and then integrally put on the positioning surface of the lower die, and the precision manufacturing of the elbow wax mould is completed by closing the die, injecting wax, parting, loose core, finally pulling the rubber sleeve out of the rubber forming sleeve by using a nipper pliers.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a wax matrix mould of accurate foundry goods of interior net sleeve pipe which characterized in that: comprises an upper die (1), a lower die (2), a locating pin, a locating sleeve, a rubber sleeve (5) and a steel core (4); the upper die (1) and the lower die (2) are connected in a positioning way through positioning pins and positioning sleeves, and the upper die (1) and the lower die (2) are provided with a cavity matched with the outer side wall of the inner mesh sleeve (7) in shape and size; the rubber sleeve (5) is of a hollow sleeve structure, and reticulate projections (51) matched with the inner side wall of the inner reticulate sleeve (7) in shape and size are arranged on the outer side wall of the rubber sleeve (5); the rubber sleeve (5) is matched and sleeved on the steel core (4); the steel core (4) with the rubber sleeve axially passes through the cavity between the upper die (1) and the lower die (2); the space formed between the outer side wall of the rubber sleeve (5) and the cavities of the upper die (1) and the lower die (2) forms a molding cavity of a wax die (20) of an inner net sleeve, and the joint surfaces of the upper die (1) and the lower die (2) are provided with a pouring gate (6) connected to the molding cavity;
the rubber sleeve (5) is manufactured by a rubber sleeve mold, and the rubber sleeve mold comprises a first upper mold (8), a first lower mold (9), a first steel core (10) and a rubber forming sleeve (11); the first upper die (8) and the first lower die (9) are provided with a die cavity matched with the shape and the size of the outer side wall of the rubber forming sleeve (11); the first steel core (10) is a stepped shaft matched with the shape and the size of the inner hole of the rubber sleeve (5); the rubber forming sleeve (11) is of a hollow sleeve structure, the inner diameter of the rubber forming sleeve (11) is matched with the outer diameter of the rubber sleeve (5), the inner side wall of the rubber forming sleeve (11) is provided with grid patterns (111) matched with the shape and the size of the reticulate pattern protrusions (51) on the outer side wall of the rubber sleeve (5), and the two sides of the grid patterns (111) of the rubber forming sleeve (11) are embedded with annular frameworks (12); the rubber forming sleeve (11) is pre-embedded and positioned in the cavities of the first upper die (8) and the first lower die (9), the first steel core (10) is axially arranged in the rubber forming sleeve (11) in a penetrating mode, and a space formed between the first steel core (10) and the rubber forming sleeve (11) forms a forming cavity of the rubber sleeve (5);
the rubber forming sleeve (11) is manufactured by a rubber forming sleeve mold, and the rubber forming sleeve mold comprises a second upper mold (16), a second lower mold (17) and a grid steel core (15); the inner cavities of the second upper die (16) and the second lower die (17) are provided with a cavity matched with the shape and the size of the outer side wall of the rubber forming sleeve (11); grid bulges (151) matched with the shape and the size of grid patterns (111) on the inner side wall of the rubber forming sleeve (11) are precisely machined on the outer side wall of the grid steel core (15); the grid steel core (15) is axially arranged in the cavities of the second upper die (16) and the second lower die (17) in a penetrating mode, and a space formed between the grid steel core (15) and the cavities of the second upper die (16) and the second lower die (17) forms a molding cavity of the rubber molding sleeve (11).
2. The wax pattern mold of the precision casting of the inner-vein sleeve as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the axial length of the rubber sleeve (5) is larger than that of the inner mesh sleeve (7); limiting steps are arranged on the end surfaces of the two ends of the upper die (1) and the lower die (2) corresponding to the rubber sleeve (5); the axial length of the steel core (4) is greater than that of the rubber sleeve (5); the small end of the steel core (4) is provided with a positioning shaft, the upper die (1) and the lower die (2) are correspondingly provided with positioning holes, the large end of the steel core (4) is provided with a pin hole along the radial direction, and the upper die and the lower die are provided with a through hole and a pin shaft (3) which are matched with the pin hole.
3. The wax pattern mold of the precision casting of the inner-vein sleeve as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the steel core (4) is provided with an exhaust groove, and the axial length of the steel core (4) and the length of the exhaust groove are greater than the axial length of the rubber sleeve (5).
4. A wax pattern mold for precision castings of internally threaded bushings according to claim 3, wherein: the inner reticulation of the inner net sleeve (7) is a polygonal pattern or a plurality of scattered polygonal patterns or special-shaped patterns which are connected with each other, and the outer side wall of the rubber sleeve is provided with corresponding pattern protrusions.
5. A method for casting a wax pattern mold using the precision casting of an inner mesh sleeve as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
A. manufacturing a grid steel core with a stepped shaft structure, and precisely machining grid bulges matched with the inner grid shape and size of the inner grid sleeve on the outer side wall of the grid steel core;
B. the method comprises the steps of designing and manufacturing a rubber forming sleeve mold by taking a grid steel core as a core, injection-molding and matching rubber forming sleeves which are arranged on the outer side wall of the grid steel core in the rubber forming sleeve mold by using glue solution, forming grid patterns matched with the grid bulge shape and the size of the grid steel core on the inner side wall of the rubber forming sleeve, parting after the glue solution is cooled, and separating the rubber forming sleeve from the grid steel core to finish manufacturing the rubber forming sleeve;
C. designing and manufacturing a rubber sleeve mold by taking the inner side wall of a rubber forming sleeve as a reference, injection molding a rubber sleeve with a hollow sleeve structure and a certain thickness, wherein the rubber sleeve is sleeved on a preset first steel core in the rubber sleeve mold by using glue solution, the outer side wall of the rubber sleeve forms reticulate pattern bulges matched with the shape and the size of grid patterns of the inner side wall of the rubber forming sleeve, parting is performed after the glue solution is cooled, and the rubber sleeve is separated from the rubber forming sleeve by using a nipper pliers to finish the manufacturing of the rubber sleeve;
D. the method comprises the steps of designing a wax mould of an inner reticulate pattern sleeve by taking a rubber sleeve as a matrix, sleeving the rubber sleeve on a steel core matched with the inner diameter of the rubber sleeve as an integral core, closing a mould, injecting wax according to the technical requirements of the process, parting, taking the rubber sleeve out of the wax mould by using a nipper pliers after core pulling, and completing the manufacture of the wax mould of the inner reticulate pattern sleeve;
E. the precise casting of the inner net sleeve is completed through the process steps of wax trimming, casting system design and tree assembling, wax mold cleaning, shell making, dewaxing, shell roasting, smelting casting, post treatment, heat treatment and inspection of the melting mold precise casting.
6. The method for casting a wax pattern mold for precision casting of inner-vein sleeve as in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the step B, a framework which enables the rubber forming sleeve to keep the shape is added in the process of filling the glue solution, after the glue solution is filled, the mould is closed and pressed, and the redundant glue solution flows into a glue collecting groove preset in a rubber forming sleeve mould.
7. The method for casting a wax pattern mold for precision casting of inner-vein sleeve as in claim 6, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the step E, a mould shell is manufactured by dipping a wax mould in a shell manufacturing process, the dipped slurry is prepared by using 325-mesh zirconium powder, 120-mesh zirconium sand and silica sol, the viscosity of the prepared slurry is measured for 39-43 seconds by using a Jane measuring cup, and the slurry is continuously stirred for more than 12 hours after being mixed.
8. The method for casting a wax pattern mold for precision casting of inner-vein sleeve as in claim 7, wherein the method comprises the steps of: when dipping slurry, the wax mould hole and the slurry surface are immersed slowly at an angle of 45-60 degrees, and the mould shell is rotated slowly continuously, so that the air at the bottom of the thin and narrow grid lines is discharged and filled completely, the mould shell is taken out from the slurry, the grid lines are treated one by using a compressed air gun nozzle, and the grid lines are filled completely, then sand is hung and air-dried, and the process is shifted to the next shell making process.
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| CN110666101A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-10 | 山东森宇精工科技有限公司 | Core-pulling method for investment precision casting wax mold back-off inner cavity |
| CN113238006B (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2022-09-23 | 上海交通大学 | Mold and method for measuring shrinkage rate of wax material and application |
| CN114179259A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-15 | 上海中核八所科技有限公司 | RTM (resin transfer molding) forming die and process for composite material with right-angle tubular tee joint structure |
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