CN110086201B - Selection method for reconstructing optimal path of black start network - Google Patents
Selection method for reconstructing optimal path of black start network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a selection method for reconstructing an optimal path of a black start network, which comprises the following steps: s1, selecting a maximum capacity hydropower station with self-starting capability in a required black-start area as a black-start hydropower station node; s2, determining the path length from the black-start hydropower station node to the started hydropower station node by adopting a breadth-first algorithm, performing priority evaluation on each started hydropower station node, and selecting several schemes with the highest priority of the started hydropower station nodes; and S3, aiming at the scheme with the highest priority of the selected several started hydropower station nodes, optimizing the black start path according to the comprehensive weight factor of the target node to be recovered in the fragment by improving the Prim algorithm, and finally obtaining the corresponding black start scheme. The method has the capability of selecting the optimal path for network reconstruction in the black start process, finds the optimal path for the black start network reconstruction, reduces the black start time, lays a foundation for the subsequent overall load recovery of the power grid, and has important significance for the whole black start process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a selection method for reconstructing an optimal path of a black start network, and belongs to the technical field of power system operation.
Background
When a large-area power failure occurs due to voltage collapse of an electric power system, the whole system recovery process is generally divided into the stages of black-start small system formation, network reconfiguration, emergency recovery of important loads and the like. In the initial stage of black start, another started unit is started through a black start power supply to form an initial small system which runs in parallel, and then the black start network reconstruction stage is started. As the most complicated loop in the whole recovery process, the existing active capacity in the system is fully utilized to recover the power station as soon as possible, so that more high-capacity power stations are connected into the net rack, the energy in the system is ensured to be sufficient, and an energy foundation is laid for the comprehensive recovery of the net rack. The reconstruction aims to find out the optimal combination mode and starting sequence of nodes such as power stations, substations and important loads according to the path recovery principle, so that auxiliary decisions are provided for scheduling personnel. In order to achieve the aim, the importance of the black start power supply, the power plant to be started, the transformer substation and the load involved in the black start process needs to be evaluated according to the actual condition of the power grid, and finally the grid can be restored by reconstructing the system in the shortest time and the optimal path. The network frame reconstruction stage is one of the most complex parts in system recovery, and the main task of the network frame reconstruction stage is to select the optimal combination of the hydropower station to be recovered and the line length by utilizing the small system capacity formed by early black start, determine the corresponding recovery path according to indexes such as the station capacity, the node importance and the like, and realize the functions of normal parallel operation of the large-capacity hydropower stations, recovery of important loads and the like as soon as possible. Therefore, the network frame reconstruction is always a research hotspot in black start path optimization at home and abroad.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a selection method for reconstructing an optimal path of a black start network, which is used for realizing the selection of the optimal path in the reconstruction process of the black start network.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for selecting an optimal path reconstructed by a black start network comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a maximum capacity hydropower station with self-starting capacity in a required black-start slice area as a black-start hydropower station node;
s2, determining the path length from the black-start hydropower station node to the started hydropower station node by adopting a breadth-first algorithm, performing priority evaluation on each started hydropower station node, and selecting several schemes with the highest priority of the started hydropower station nodes;
and S3, aiming at the scheme with the highest priority of the selected several started hydropower station nodes, optimizing the black start path according to the comprehensive weight factor of the target node to be recovered in the fragment by improving the Prim algorithm, and finally obtaining the corresponding black start scheme.
In the step S1, a maximum capacity hydropower station with self-starting capability in a required black start slice area is selected as a black start hydropower station node, and the adopted objective function is as follows:
S x =max(S 1 ,S 2 .....S n )
wherein S is x For the preferred capacity, S, of the black-start hydropower station node x n The capacity of the nth hydropower station node in the black start area is represented, x represents the number of the black start hydropower station node which is preferably selected from the n hydropower station nodes, and n represents the total number of the hydropower station nodes in the black start area.
In step S2, a function for performing priority evaluation on the started hydropower station node is as follows:
wherein, F y An evaluation value, L, representing a started hydropower station node y x,y Indicating the path length from black-start hydropower station node x to started hydropower station node y, S y Indicating the capacity of the activated hydropower node y, and m indicating the number of nodes to be passed in the path from the black-start hydropower node x to the activated hydropower node y.
In step S3, the comprehensive weight factor of the target node is:
wherein, T j A composite weight factor representing a target node j; l is a radical of an alcohol i,j Representing the path length from the starting node i to the target node j in each step of calculation; c j Representing the importance level weight of the target node j; s. the j Representing the capacity of the destination node j.
Said C is j The selection mode is as follows:
if the target node is a hydropower station node, the importance level weight is C G ;
If the target node is a substation node, the importance level weight is C T ;
Wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,and lambda is the importance level of the substation node.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method has the capability of selecting the optimal path for network reconstruction in the black start process, finds the optimal path for the black start network reconstruction, reduces the black start time, lays a foundation for the subsequent overall load recovery of the power grid, and has important significance for the whole black start process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a path trajectory diagram of the breadth first algorithm;
FIG. 3 is a Prim algorithm weighted connectivity graph;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of Prim algorithm net rack formation connectivity;
FIG. 5 is a wiring diagram of an initial small system of six-chip area;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a six-pool area initial small system recovery scheme;
FIG. 7 is a path diagram of a six-tile black start scheme.
Detailed Description
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1 to 7, a method for selecting a black start network to reconstruct an optimal path, where a flowchart of the method is shown in fig. 1, and the method includes the following steps: s1, selecting a maximum capacity hydropower station with self-starting capability in a required black-start area as a black-start hydropower station node; s2, determining the path length from the black-start hydropower station node to the started hydropower station node by adopting a breadth-first algorithm, performing priority evaluation on each started hydropower station node, and selecting several schemes with the highest priority of the started hydropower station nodes; and S3, aiming at the scheme with the highest priority of the selected several started hydropower station nodes, optimizing the black start path according to the comprehensive weight factor of the target node to be recovered in the fragment by improving the Prim algorithm, and finally obtaining the corresponding black start scheme.
Further, taking a central block of a six-reservoir network in anger river as an example, the block diagram is as shown in fig. 5, and as can be seen from fig. 5, in this example, the total number of 11 hydropower station nodes in the following table 1 are in the black start block:
TABLE 1 Black Start in-flight Water station node information
Node numbering | Name of each hydropower station | capacity/MW of each |
1 | Ming river hydropower station | 48 |
2 | Marek river hydropower station | 27.48 |
3 | Secondary hydropower station for boundary-separated river | 18.9 |
4 | Jin Man river power station | 42 |
5 | Mao Caoping hydropower station | 3.75 |
6 | Self-based |
15 |
7 | Old nest river four-stage hydropower station | 25.831 |
8 | Silver slope river hydropower station | 3.2 |
9 | Sun Zu river hydropower station | 1.264 |
10 | Old nest river three- |
5 |
11 | Sheet Ma He three-stage hydropower station | 8 |
According to the formula S x =max(S 1 ,S 2 .....S n ) (ii) a Wherein, S is shown in the above table x For the capacity of the preferred black start hydropower station node 1 "listening to river hydropower station", S n The capacity of the 11 th hydropower station node in the black start patch area. The river hydropower station with the largest capacity is used as a black start hydropower station, namely a black start power supply S x =48MW. And performing first-layer diffusion on the node, selecting the node directly connected with the node as a six-storeroom center substation, performing second-layer diffusion at the moment, and sequentially searching a Mare transformer substation, a Gucheng switch station, a self-based river hydropower station, an old-nest river four-level hydropower station, an old-nest river three-level hydropower station, a 35kV old-nest transformer substation, a 35kV stone cylinder river transformer substation and a 35kV Lai Mao transformer substation which are directly connected with the six-storeroom center substation. The third layer is a sheet Ma He three-stage hydropower station connected with a sheet horse transformer substation, a Maoren river hydropower station connected with a Guden switching station, and Jin ManheHydropower stations, secondary hydropower stations of a separate boundary river, a grassland hydropower station and a silver slope river hydropower station which are directly connected with a 35kV old nest transformer substation, and a 35kV Shangjiang transformer substation connected with a 35kV Lai Mao transformer substation. The fourth layer of diffusion is a Sun Zu river hydropower station and a 35KV grey slope substation which are connected with a 35kV Shangjiang substation.
The capacity and the path length of the started hydropower station node are substituted into an evaluation function of the recovery priority of the started unit as follows, and the priority of the started unit node is evaluated; the priority evaluation function is as follows:
wherein, F y An evaluation value, L, representing a started hydropower station node y x,y Indicating the path length from black-start hydropower station node x to started hydropower station node y, S y Representing the capacity of the activated hydroelectric node y and m representing the number of nodes to be traversed in the path from the black-start hydroelectric node x to the activated hydroelectric node y.
Taking the golden river hydropower station as an example, the black start power source life listening river hydropower station node x to the started power source Jin Man river hydropower station node y need to pass through a six-bank central substation node and a old-boarding switch station node as shown in fig. 5, so that the value of m is 2. Meanwhile, the length of the six listening wires in FIG. 5 is 24.862km, the length of the six ancient wires is 63.97km, and the length of the Jin Gu wires is 10.056km. Therefore, the distance from the black start life-listening river hydropower station to the started golden river hydropower station is as follows: the sum of the values of Lx and Lx, y =24.862+63.97+10.056=98.888km; capacity S of the started golden river hydropower station y Referring to fig. 5, which shows 42MW, the priority rating of the activated golden river plant is:
the black start power hydropower station nodes x of other power stations are all the life listening river hydropower stations, and the calculation steps are the same as the above, so that the priority evaluation function values of all started power supply units in the central area of the six banks are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 priority evaluation calculation Table
Node name of started engine group | Evaluation function value MW/km of priority |
Marek river hydropower station | 4.960 |
Secondary hydropower station for separating boundary rivers | 3.370 |
Jin Man river power station | 7.405 |
Mao Caoping hydroelectric station | 0.791 |
Self-based river hydropower station | 3.743 |
Old nest river four-stage hydropower station | 6.742 |
Silver slope river hydropower station | 0.740 |
Sun Zu river hydropower station | 0.228 |
Old nest river three-level hydropower station | 1.300 |
Sheet Ma He tertiary hydroelectric station | 1.567 |
Four started hydropower stations with higher priority are selected as target nodes to form four different black-start small system generation schemes as shown in the attached figure 6, and the other schemes are eliminated due to the fact that the priority evaluation values are small. After a small initial system is formed, a whole black start grid of a district is generated by improving a Prim algorithm, a Jin Man river hydropower station with the highest priority evaluation function value is used as a started hydropower station, the small initial system formed in the example is a [ listening river hydropower station, a six-warehouse center substation, a Guden switch station, a Jin Man river hydropower station ], based on the system, the Prim algorithm is improved to optimize, and the weight of a node directly connected with the formed small initial system is calculated, as can be seen from the attached figure 7, the node directly connected with the small initial system is a Malay river hydropower station, a second-level hydropower station of a separated river, a self-base river hydropower station, an old nest river hydropower station, a third-level hydropower station of an old nest river, a 35kV old nest substation, a 35kV Lai Mao kV substation, a sheet horse substation and a 35kV stone cylinder substation. Calculating and optimizing through the target node comprehensive weight factor index, wherein the comprehensive weight factor of the target node is as follows:
wherein, T j Representing the comprehensive weight factor index of the target node j; l is a radical of an alcohol i,j Representing the path length from the starting node i to the target node j in each step of calculation; c j Representing the importance level weight of the target node j; s j Representing the capacity of the destination node j. Said C is j The selection mode is as follows:
if the target node is a hydropower station node, the importance level weight is C G ;
Importance level if the target node is a substation nodeWeight of C T ;
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,and lambda is the important level of the substation node, and the default value in the graph is 1.
Taking a Marussian river hydropower station connected with a Guden switching station as a target node, and weighting C according to the importance level of the hydropower station node G =1, so the importance level weight of the target node is C j =C G =1, and as can be seen from fig. 6, the distance from the initial node i gordon switch station to the target node j majo river hydropower station is 0.08km, and the capacity S of the target node j majo river hydropower station j It was 27.48MW.
Therefore, the comprehensive weight index of the Mariothis river hydropower station isThe overall weight factor index for other target nodes is shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 comprehensive weight factor Table
Starting node | Target node | Comprehensive weight index km/MW |
Guden switch station | Marek river hydropower station | 0.0029 |
Guden switch station | Secondary hydropower station for separating boundary rivers | 0.2667 |
Six-storeroom central substation | Self-based river hydropower station | 0.8000 |
Six-storeroom central substation | Old nest river three-level hydropower station | 1.4000 |
Six-storeroom central substation | Old nest river four-stage hydropower station | 0.2548 |
Six-storeroom central substation | 35kV old house transformer substation | 162.5000 |
Six-storeroom central substation | 35kV Lai Mao substation | 31.2500 |
Six-storeroom central substation | Sheet horse transformer substation | 443.3500 |
Six-storeroom central substation | 35kV stone jar river transformer substation | 276.0900 |
According to the requirement of the minimum spanning tree prim algorithm, the Ma and Rus river hydropower station with the minimum comprehensive weight index is searched for recovery, and the recovered range is expanded to [ a life-listening river hydropower station, a six-bank central substation, a Jin Man river hydropower station and a Ma and Rus river hydropower station ], and by analogy, all nodes to be recovered in a chip area are sequentially conducted, and finally a black start scheme path diagram of the chip area shown in the attached figure 7 is formed. And generating a black start scheme path by the same method aiming at the other three schemes selected in the step S2.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
firstly, regarding the breadth-first algorithm, as shown in fig. 2, firstly, adding a black-start hydropower station node 1 into a queue, starting circular search, deleting the black-start power supply node 1 from the queue, adding a transformer substation node 2 and a hydropower station node 3 which are adjacent nodes into the queue, and marking the nodes as 0 in Edge to; deleting the node 3 from the queue, adding the hydropower station nodes 4 and 5 adjacent to the node into the queue, checking that the adjacent nodes 1,2 of the node 3 are marked, and the power station nodes 4 and 5 are not marked yet and are marked as 3 in Edge to; remove node 2 from the queue, check that its neighbors 1,3 are all marked; delete node 5 from the queue, check that its neighbor nodes 3,4 are all marked; remove node 4 from the queue, check that its neighbors 3,4 are all marked; and finally, selecting a result according to a search track formed by the marking results and the priority evaluation function. Several initial small system solutions were developed.
Regarding the minimum spanning tree algorithm (Prim algorithm), as shown in fig. 3-4, based on the black start small system formed in the previous stage, wherein the {0,5} nodes are the black start hydropower station node and the started hydropower station node respectively, then we select a node with the smallest weight value from the nodes which are connected with the selected {0,5} node and are not connected with the fragment area, and add the node and the connected edge thereof into the spanning tree. The currently selected node is 0,5 node, the node which is connected with the selected node and is not selected has {1,2,3,4}, the corresponding weight values are { (5,2), 6,5, (4,5) }, the current minimum weight value of 2 can be seen, and the node with the minimum weight value is 1 node, so the edges of 1 node and 5-1 are added into the spanning tree. And then, continuously selecting a node with the minimum weight value from the unselected nodes connected with the selected node, and adding the node and the connected edge thereof into the spanning tree. The currently selected node is 0,1,5 node, the node connected with the selected node and not selected has {2,3,4}, the corresponding weights are { (6,6), 5, (4,5) }, it can be seen that the current minimum weight is 4, and the node with the minimum weight is 4 nodes, so that the edges of 4 nodes and 0-4 are added into the spanning tree. And then, continuously selecting a node with the minimum weight value from the nodes which are connected with the selected node and are not selected according to the last step, and adding the node and the connected edge thereof into the spanning tree. The algorithm is shown in fig. 4. And the spanning tree path is the black start recovery path.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (3)
1. A selection method for reconstructing an optimal path of a black start network is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a maximum capacity hydropower station with self-starting capability in a required black-start area as a black-start hydropower station node;
s2, determining the path length from the black-start hydropower station node to the started hydropower station node by adopting a breadth-first algorithm, performing priority evaluation on each started hydropower station node, and selecting several schemes with the highest priority of the started hydropower station nodes;
s3, aiming at the schemes with the highest priority of the selected hydropower station nodes to be started, optimizing the black start paths according to the comprehensive weight factors of the target nodes to be recovered in the fragment area by improving a Prim algorithm, and finally obtaining the corresponding black start schemes;
in step S2, the function for evaluating the priority of the started hydropower station node is as follows:
wherein, F y An evaluation value, L, representing a started hydropower station node y x,y Indicating black start waterPath length from station node x to started hydropower station node y, S y The capacity of a started hydropower station node y is shown, and m represents the number of nodes to be passed in a path from a black-start hydropower station node x to the started hydropower station node y;
in step S3, the comprehensive weight factor of the target node is:
wherein, T j A composite weight factor representing a target node j; l is i,j Representing the path length from the starting node i to the target node j in each step of calculation; c j Representing the importance level weight of the target node j; s j Representing the capacity of the destination node j.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: in the step S1, a maximum capacity hydropower station with self-starting capability in a required black start slice area is selected as a black start hydropower station node, and the adopted objective function is as follows:
S x =max(S 1 ,S 2 .....S n )
wherein S is x For the preferred capacity of the black start hydropower station node x, S n The capacity of the nth hydropower station node in the black start area is represented, x represents the number of the black start hydropower station node which is preferably selected from the n hydropower station nodes, and n represents the total number of the hydropower station nodes in the black start area.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: said C is j The selection mode is as follows:
if the target node is a hydropower station node, the importance level weight is C G ;
If the target node is a substation node, the importance level weight is C T ;
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