Consider the diagnostic method of the round steel pipe stability bearing capacity of welded hollow spherical joints constraint
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of spatial mesh structures, especially consideration welded hollow spherical joints effect of contraction down space grid knot
The diagnostic method of round steel pipe stability bearing capacity in structure.
Background technique
Spatial mesh structure has span big, the features such as light weight, intensity is big, the Beauty, airport building, gymnasium,
The large public buildings roof structure such as auditorium often uses spatial mesh structure.The bearing capacity and structural poles of spatial mesh structure
The mechanical property of part and node is closely related.A large amount of rod pieces bear shaft pressuring load in spatial mesh structure, and stability bearing capacity is past
Toward the control design case factor for being structural member.The stability bearing capacity of long thin component has studied many years, the grid knot of various countries
Also there is specific regulation in structure design specification.The coefficient of stability that Column Curves determine all kinds of sections is generallyd use in current specifications,
Stability based on coefficient of stability checking computations compression member.Column Curves are to consider the both ends free components of initial imperfection as object
It is calculated, and influence of the effect of contraction of two end node of component to pull-down component stability then passes through meter in practical structures
Length factor is calculated to consider.The node at component both ends is based primarily upon in current specifications to the value of the thin component computational length coefficient of length
Form.Such as China's Space network technical regulation is just provided for the spatial mesh structure using welded hollow spherical joints
The computational length coefficient of its chord member is taken as 0.9, and the computational length coefficient of support web member is taken as 0.9, and the calculating of other web members is long
Degree coefficient is taken as 0.8;For being taken using spatial mesh structure its chord member of bolted spherical node, the computational length coefficient of web member
It is 1.0.The computational length coefficient value of axis compression member is related to the effect of contraction of node.In fact, in network work
Same node in journey with different dimensions is all different to the effect of contraction of component, effect of contraction of the node to component
There is relationship with the dimensions of the form, dimensions and rod piece itself of node.Therefore for using a variety of nodes and rod piece
The computational length coefficient of its rod piece of the spatial mesh structure of specification is answered different.If the reality of rod piece in spatial mesh structure
Border computational length coefficient is greater than current specifications specified value, the then component for the spatial mesh structure designed using current specifications
Stability bearing capacity can be overestimated.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcomings of prior art, providing one kind can consider node to structure with refining
The effect of contraction of rod piece guarantees that the diagnosis of spatial mesh structure safety considers that the round steel pipe of welded hollow spherical joints constraint is stablized
The method of bearing capacity.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
The diagnostic method of the round steel pipe stability bearing capacity of welded hollow spherical joints constraint is considered in spatial mesh structure, including
Following steps:
(1) multiple round steel pipe component computation models are established using the shell unit in general finite element program ABAQUS, each
The structure of round steel pipe component model includes a round steel pipe, is respectively welded a sky in the upper and lower ends of the round steel pipe
Heart semispherical joint, hollow hemisphere node described in upper and lower two are welded and fixed with top steel plate, lower steel plate respectively;
(2) stability bearing capacity of round steel pipe component is calculated as initial geometrical defect using 1~100 rank buckling mode, really
It is as follows to determine process: shaft pressuring load is applied to the top steel plate in each round steel pipe component model, is considered simultaneously using arc-length methods several
What is non-linear to calculate separately each round steel pipe member upper hemisphere center with material nonlinearity influence along the vertical direction
Load-displacement, and the load-displacement under 1-100 rank buckling mode is exported, choose every shaft pressuring load-position
Move stability bearing capacity numerical value of the maximal peak point of curve as the round steel pipe component;
(3) whole stability bearing capacity numerical value using each round steel pipe component under each buckling mode are adopted as sample data
The mean μ and variances sigma of sample data totality are estimated with maximum likelihood value method2, expression formula is as follows:
In formula: n is sample data sum;xiFor i-th of data in sample;For sample mean;
(4) the design stability bearing capacity of each round steel pipe component, formula are calculated based on unified reliable method are as follows:
(5) the design stability bearing capacity that step (1)-(4) calculate each round steel pipe component model is repeated, it is soft using Origin
Part draws the section overall diameter of the length l of every round steel pipe component, the section wall thickness δ of round steel pipe component, round steel pipe component respectively
D, hollow hemisphere node wall thickness t, hollow ball node overall diameter D and round steel pipe and hollow ball node material and round steel pipe component
The graph of relation of design stability bearing capacity, and analyze above each parameter respectively using Origin software and round steel pipe is designed surely
Determine the influence of bearing capacity, round steel pipe design stability bearing capacity and above-mentioned each parameter are then quantitatively determined using linear regression method
Relationship, following round steel pipe component design stability bearing capacity formula is finally obtained using least square method:
F is round steel pipe component and hollow ball node design of material intensity value in formula.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Same node in network engineering with different dimensions is all different to the effect of contraction of component, node
The dimensions of form, dimensions and the rod piece of effect of contraction and node to component itself has relationship.Therefore for adopting
It is answered with the computational length coefficient of a variety of nodes with the spatial mesh structure of rod piece specification its rod pieces different.If space networks
The practical computational length coefficient of rod piece is greater than current specifications specified value, the then sky designed using current specifications in lattice structure
Between the component stability bearing capacity of network can be overestimated.The present invention is to guarantee the safety of structure, considers node to fining
To the effect of contraction of structural member, the element bearing capacity calculation method of the considerations of establishing fining node physical constraint effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the welded hollow spherical joints mechanics diagnostic model in the present invention;
Fig. 2 be table 2 in No. 4 model considered using its 1st rank buckling mode as initial imperfection mode material nonlinearity and
The calculated round steel pipe component load shaft pressuring load of geometrical non-linearity --- displacement the Complete Curve;
Fig. 3 is the relation curve of round steel pipe component design stability bearing capacity and round steel length of tube l;
Fig. 4 is the relation curve of round steel pipe component design stability bearing capacity and round steel thickness of pipe wall δ;
Fig. 5 is the relation curve of round steel pipe component design stability bearing capacity and steel tube section outside diameter d;
Fig. 6 is the relation curve of round steel pipe component design stability bearing capacity and hollow ball node wall thickness t;
Fig. 7 is the relation curve of round steel pipe component design stability bearing capacity and hollow ball node outer diameter D;
Fig. 8 is round steel pipe component design stability bearing capacity and round steel pipe component and hollow ball node design of material intensity value f
Relation curve;
Fig. 9 is dimensionless variable D2/ δ l and dimensionless variable Pcrd/πfd2Relation curve;
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.
The diagnosis of the round steel pipe stability bearing capacity of welded hollow spherical joints constraint is considered in spatial mesh structure of the invention
Method, comprising the following steps:
(1) multiple round steel pipe component computation models are established using the shell unit in general finite element program ABAQUS, each
The structure of round steel pipe component model includes a round steel pipe, is respectively welded a sky in the upper and lower ends of the round steel pipe
Heart semispherical joint, hollow hemisphere node described in upper and lower two are welded and fixed with top steel plate, lower steel plate respectively, finite element
Numerical model is as shown in Figure 1.
It is rigid connection between episphere and lower semisphere due to forming welded hollow spherical joints in realistic model, meter
Half spherical model can only be established in model by, which calculating, adds the support condition just connect.The semispherical joint at round steel pipe both ends respectively with upper steel
Plate, lower steel plate are welded and fixed, and can be used to simulate the space structure round steel tube rod for considering welded hollow spherical joints effect of contraction
The stress condition of part.
(2) stability bearing capacity of round steel pipe component is calculated as initial geometrical defect using 1~100 rank buckling mode, really
It is as follows to determine process: shaft pressuring load is applied to the top steel plate in each round steel pipe component model, is considered simultaneously using arc-length methods several
What non-linear load-displacement that each round steel pipe member upper hemisphere center is calculated separately with material nonlinearity influence
Curve, displacement is the displacement vertical along steel pipe, and exports the load-displacement under 1-100 rank buckling mode, chooses every
Stability bearing capacity numerical value of shaft pressuring load-displacement curve maximal peak point as the round steel pipe component.If attached drawing 2 is one
Shaft pressuring load-displacement curve.
(3) whole stability bearing capacity numerical value using each round steel pipe component under each buckling mode are adopted as sample data
The mean μ and variances sigma of sample data totality are estimated with maximum likelihood value method2, expression formula is as follows:
In formula: n is sample data sum;xiFor i-th of data in sample;For sample mean
The derivation process of the formula is referring to (the initial imperfection single-layer lattice shell analysis of Ultimate of consideration rod piece unstability, fourth
Sun1,2, Qi Lin1, Yang Lvlei1, Li Zhongxian1,2, University Of Tianjin's journal, Vol.44 No.12 Dec.2011).
The derivation process of the formula is briefly explained again below:
The first step, if considering the ultimate bearing capacity Normal Distribution of the network component of welded hollow spherical joints.It adopts
It is further verified with nonparametric hypothesis test, the present invention uses K-S (Kolmogorov-Smimov) method of inspection.If sample
This cumulative frequencies distribution function is gn(x), gn(x) theoretic distribution function g (x) is obeyed, K-S test statistics is
It is inspection level with 0.050, hypothesis testing .T is carried out to the stability bearing capacity distribution of round steel pipe component modeln=
0.050, if p > 0.050, the round steel pipe component stability bearing capacity Normal Distribution of joint constraint effect.
Second step, verified, the round steel pipe component stability bearing capacity of consideration joint constraint effect described in upper step obeys normal state
Distribution, thus the probability density function of the stability bearing capacity of round steel pipe component are as follows:
X is stochastic variable in formula, is the stability bearing capacity of round steel pipe here.
Construct likelihood function:
Establish equation group:
Solving equations (5) obtain:
(4) the design stability bearing capacity of each round steel pipe component, formula are calculated based on unified reliable method are as follows:
That is: the design stability bearing capacity P of the initial geometrical defect round steel pipe component of definition consideration joint constraintcrdFor totality
Estimation of Mean amount subtracts 2 times of standard deviation estimate amount.
Calculate the P of above formula (6)crdReliability be 0.977.PcrdReliability calculating process referring to (consider rod piece lose
Steady initial imperfection single-layer lattice shell analysis of Ultimate, Ding Yang1,2, Qi Lin1, Yang Lvlei1Li Zhongxian1,2, University Of Tianjin's journal,
Vol.44 No.12 Dec.2011)。
(5) the design stability bearing capacity that step (1)-(4) calculate each round steel pipe component model is repeated, it is soft using Origin
Part draws the section overall diameter of the length l of every round steel pipe component, the section wall thickness δ of round steel pipe component, round steel pipe component respectively
D, hollow hemisphere node wall thickness t, hollow ball node overall diameter D and round steel pipe and hollow ball node material and round steel pipe component
The graph of relation of design stability bearing capacity, and analyze above each parameter respectively using Origin software and round steel pipe is designed surely
Determine the influence of bearing capacity.Then round steel pipe design stability bearing capacity and above-mentioned each parameter are quantitatively determined using linear regression method
Relationship, round steel pipe component design stability bearing capacity formula (7) is finally obtained using least square method.Attached drawing 9 is analyzed,
It is 0.972 close to 1 by two dimensionless variable linearly dependent coefficients, it is known that two dimensionless variables are linear, illustrate to justify
Steel tube component design stability bearing capacity formula (7) is reasonable.
F is round steel pipe component and hollow ball node design of material intensity value in formula.
The element bearing capacity calculation method of the considerations of thus establishing fining node physical constraint effect, by walking above
Mechanics diagnostic model diagnosis in rapid considers that round steel pipe rod piece force-bearing situation is in joint constraint effect down space network to protect
Demonstrate,prove spatial mesh structure safety.
Embodiment 1
(1) multiple round steel pipe component computation models are established using the shell unit in general finite element program ABAQUS, each
The structure of round steel pipe component model includes a round steel pipe, is respectively welded a sky in the upper and lower ends of the round steel pipe
Heart semispherical joint, hollow hemisphere node described in upper and lower two are welded and fixed with top steel plate, lower steel plate respectively, finite element
Numerical model is as shown in Figure 1.
The effect of contraction for considering both ends welded hollow spherical joints, may make space structure round steel pipe bar stability bearing capacity
Factor at influence includes: the length l of round steel pipe rod piece, section wall thickness δ, cross-sectional outer diameter d;It is the wall thickness t of hollow ball node, outer
Diameter D;The material of round steel pipe component and welded hollow spherical joints.It is each parameter of quantitative analysis to round steel pipe component stability bearing capacity
Influence, based on each parameter listed by table 2 establish finite element numerical model carry out Parametric Analysis.
Table 1 considers the round steel pipe rod piece parameter of joint constraint effect
(2) shaft pressuring load is applied to 54 numerical models in table 2, each model introduces its 1~100 rank buckling mode work
For its initial geometrical defect, it is each to consider that the influence of geometrical non-linearity and material nonlinearity calculates separately simultaneously using arc-length methods
Load --- the displacement curve of defect round steel pipe component.Such as attached drawing 2 be in table 2 No. 4 model with its 1st rank buckling mould
State considers that material nonlinearity and the calculated round steel pipe component load axis of geometrical non-linearity press lotus as initial imperfection mode
Carry --- displacement the Complete Curve.Taking shaft pressuring load --- the maximal peak point of displacement curve is steady as the round steel pipe component
Determine bearing capacity numerical value.
(3) stability bearing capacity of round steel pipe component is calculated as initial geometrical defect using 1~100 rank buckling mode, then
The round steel pipe component of each specification can correspond to 100 stability bearing capacity numerical value in table 1.Using No. 4 models in table 1 as
Example.Calculate initial geometrical defect form of the 100 rank buckling modes as round steel pipe component.Using consideration welded hollow ball-joint
The initial geometrical defect round steel pipe component finite element model of point constraint calculates its Ultimate Bearing Capacity, and No. 4 round steel pipes can be obtained
The stability bearing capacity sample of component, the sample size are 100.According to sample distribution, the circle for considering joint constraint effect can be estimated
The overall distribution of steel tube component stability bearing capacity.
(4) use maximum likelihood value method using every shaft pressuring load-displacement curve peak point that step (2) is chosen as
The stability bearing capacity numerical value of the initial geometrical defect round steel pipe component, using these resulting stability bearing capacity numerical value as sample
Data estimation overall mean μ and variances sigma2, expression formula is as follows:
In formula: n is sample data sum;xiFor i-th of data in sample;For sample mean.
Assuming that considering the ultimate bearing capacity Normal Distribution of the network component of welded hollow spherical joints.Using non-ginseng
Number hypothesis testing is further verified, and uses K-S (Kolmogorov-Smimov) method of inspection herein.
If sample cumulative frequencies distribution function is gn(x), gn(x) theoretic distribution function g (x) is obeyed, K-S test statistics
For
K-S checking procedure are as follows: 1. establish zero hypothesis H0, sample cumulative frequencies function gn(x) theoretic distribution function is obeyed
G (x) 2. calculates T based on sample datanValue;3. using level of significance α as inspection level;4. being based on theoretic distribution function g
(x) it calculates sampling and obtains T big in this waynThe T of value and greater valuenProbability p;5. being judged, if p < α, according to small general
Rate reduction to absurdity, it is believed that fruit as test samples should not be occurred in single sample based on theoretic distribution function g (x), refused
Receive zero and assumes H0;Conversely, receiving zero assumes H0。
It is inspection level with 0.050, hypothesis testing .T is carried out to the stability bearing capacity distribution of No. 4 round steel pipe component modelsn
=0.050, p=0.675, p > 0.050, therefore consider that the round steel pipe component stability bearing capacity of joint constraint effect obeys normal state
Distribution.
Use the mean μ and variances sigma that maximum likelihood value method is overall with sample data estimation2, the carrying of round steel pipe component stability
The probability density function of power are as follows:
X is stochastic variable in formula, is the stability bearing capacity of round steel pipe component here.
Construct likelihood function:
Establish equation group:
Solving equations (5) obtain:
(5) the design stability bearing capacity of each round steel pipe component, formula are calculated based on unified reliable method are as follows:
Calculate above formula PcrdReliability be 0.977.
(6) 54 groups of round steel pipe component stability ultimate bearing capacity such as tables 2 can be calculated by repeating step (1) to (5).
2 round steel pipe component stability ultimate bearing capacity of table
(7) round steel length of tube l, round steel pipe section wall thickness δ, round steel pipe cross-sectional outer diameter d, welded hollow spherical joints are analyzed respectively
Wall thickness t, welded hollow spherical joints outer diameter D and round steel pipe and welded hollow spherical joints material are to round steel pipe component design stability
The influence of bearing capacity quantitatively determines the relationship of round steel pipe component design stability bearing capacity and each parameter using linear regression method,
Obtain practical round steel pipe component design stability bearing capacity formula.
The design stability bearing capacity of each size round steel pipe component model listed by table 2 is listed in Table 3 below.Wherein 1~No. 10 mould
Only have round steel length of tube l in each parameter of type to change, remaining parameter is all the same.With the design stability carrying of 1~No. 10 model
Power is ordinate, and round steel length of tube l is abscissa, and round steel pipe component design stability bearing capacity and round steel length of tube l's can be obtained
Relation curve, as shown in Fig. 3.By attached drawing 3 it is found that round steel pipe component design stability bearing capacity with round steel length of tube increase
And reduce.Only have round steel pipe section wall thickness in 11~No. 20 each parameters of model to change, remaining parameter is all the same.With 11~
The design stability bearing capacity of No. 20 models is ordinate, and round steel pipe section wall thickness δ is abscissa, and round steel pipe component can be obtained and set
Meter stability bearing capacity adds with round steel pipe section structural member and is increased.Only has round steel pipe cross-sectional outer diameter d in 21~No. 30 each parameters of model
It changes, remaining parameter is all the same.Using the design stability bearing capacity of 21~No. 30 models as ordinate, outside round steel tube section
Diameter d is abscissa, the relation curve of round steel pipe component design stability bearing capacity and steel tube section outside diameter d can be obtained, such as attached drawing 5
It is shown.By attached drawing 5 it is found that round steel pipe component design stability bearing capacity increases with the increase of round steel pipe cross-sectional outer diameter.31~40
Only welded hollow spherical joints wall thickness t changes in number each parameter of model, remaining parameter is all the same.With 31~No. 40 models
Design stability bearing capacity be ordinate, welded hollow spherical joints wall thickness t is abscissa, and it is steady that the design of round steel pipe component can be obtained
Determine the relation curve of bearing capacity Yu welded hollow spherical joints wall thickness t, as shown in Fig. 6.By attached drawing 6 it is found that round steel pipe component is set
Meter stability bearing capacity is remained unchanged with the increase of welded hollow spherical joints wall thickness.It is only welded in 41~No. 50 each parameters of model
Hollow ball node outer diameter D changes, remaining parameter is all the same.It is vertical sit with the design stability bearing capacity of 41~No. 50 models
Mark, welded hollow spherical joints outer diameter D are abscissa, and round steel pipe component design stability bearing capacity and welded hollow ball-joint can be obtained
The relation curve of point outer diameter D, as shown in Fig. 7.By attached drawing 7 it is found that round steel pipe component design stability bearing capacity is with welded hollow
The increase first increases and then decreases of ball node outer diameter.Only have round steel pipe and welded hollow spherical joints in 51~No. 54 each parameters of model
Design of material intensity value changes, remaining parameter is all the same.It is vertical sit with the design stability bearing capacity of 51~No. 54 models
Mark, round steel pipe and welded hollow spherical joints design of material intensity value f are abscissa, and round steel pipe component design stability can be obtained and hold
The relation curve of power and round steel pipe and welded hollow spherical joints design of material intensity value f is carried, as shown in Fig. 8.It can by attached drawing 8
Know, round steel pipe component design stability bearing capacity increases with the increase of round steel pipe and welded hollow spherical joints design of material intensity value f
Greatly.
(8) with dimensionless variable D2/ δ l is abscissa, dimensionless variable Pcrd/πfd2For ordinate, it is for example attached to draw relational graph
Shown in Fig. 9.It is linear to analyze two dimensionless variables known to attached drawing 9, linearly dependent coefficient 0.972, using minimum two
Multiplication can obtain PcrdLinear regression formula be
Respectively using the method for the present invention and documents (documents 1: " GB 55017-2014 Code for design of steel structures ")
The 2nd in computational chart 1, the stability bearing capacity (being shown in Table 3) of 13,26,36,43, No. 53 round steel pipe components
The round steel pipe component stability bearing capacity that the specification of table 3 is calculated with context of methods
As shown in Table 3, code requirement method it is No. 2 calculated, No. 36, No. 43 and stablizing for No. 53 round steel pipe components carry
Power is less than the calculated result using this method, wherein using the stability bearing capacity of the calculated No. 43 round steel pipe components of two methods
Relative difference reaches -29.35%.It is greater than with the stability bearing capacity of calculated No. 13, No. 26 round steel pipe components of method for normalizing and is adopted
With the calculated result of this method, wherein using the stability bearing capacity relative mistake of the calculated No. 13 round steel pipe components of two methods
Value reaches 18.93%.It can be seen that fining considers the effect of contraction time-space structure round steel of both ends welded hollow spherical joints
The stability bearing capacity and proper calculation value of pipe component have larger difference.
Present design method is unreasonable: being mainly manifested in: ignoring different size welded hollow spherical joints effect of contraction
Difference directly adopt round steel pipe bar stability bearing capacity ratio actual conditions that unified calculation length factor calculates may it is bigger than normal can also
It can be less than normal.If proper calculation numerical value is less than normal, need to cause to design uneconomical using more large-size round steel pipe component in design;If
Proper calculation numerical value is bigger than normal, then may cause to design dangerous using compared with small dimension round steel pipe component in design.
By and specifications comparison: scientific and reasonable construction design method should consider different size welding hollowing ball with refining
Node accurately considers endpoint node when determining round steel pipe component stability bearing capacity to the different effect of contractions of round steel pipe rod piece
Effect of contraction.