A kind of machine shaft anti-shearing force test fixture
Technical field
The present invention relates to machine shaft testing field, specifically a kind of machine shaft anti-shearing force test fixture.
Background technique
Motor is in frequent starting it some times happens that the case where shaft tail break, it is therefore desirable to machine shaft cleavage
The endurance test for carrying out anti-shearing force is set, tests the start and stop service life of machine shaft, according to related national standard, test number (TN) should not
Less than 10000 times.
Stall test is carried out according to motor maximum torque by conventional test methodologies, is fed back by torque sensor and reaches regulation
Torque, motor unloading, then rotating electric machine, and record each torque and number.The test method has the disadvantage that: testing efficiency
It is low, more relevant device is needed to configure, involve great expense (configuration computer, motor, controller, DC power cabinet, 24V pressure stabilizing electricity
Source, tooling, torque sensor, CAN disk, torque tester etc.);Test software is edited, logical DC power cabinet converts alternating current
For direct current supply controller, controller driving motor carries out band and carries rotation, and records to the shearing force and number of test.
Summary of the invention
For the defect for solving the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a kind of machine shaft anti-shearing force test fixture, this hair
It is bright to select the fulcrum force of suitable distance by lever mechanism, mix clump weight, impact force up and down is generated through cam mechanism, is reached
To continuous, consistent uniform stress, reach the test of machine shaft shearing force, high-efficient, at low cost, safe operation, tooling pair
Workpiece carries out precise positioning, and consistency is high.
To realize the above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of machine shaft anti-shearing force tests work
Dress, installs machine shaft on the test fixture, including supporting mechanism, turns shaft fixing device, lever mechanism, cam mechanism;Institute
It states machine shaft and is fixedly mounted on described turn on shaft fixing device;The cam mechanism is installed on the lever mechanism lower end;
The lever mechanism includes guide rod, clump weight, supporting plate, snap ring;
The snap ring is fixed on the upper end of the guide rod, and the clump weight is fixed on the guide rod, sets on the guide rod
Linear bearing, the linear bearing are fixed on the supporting mechanism;One end of the supporting plate is fixedly connected with the fixed dress of shaft
It sets, the other end is fixed with snap-gauge, and the guide rod is arranged through snap-gauge, and the guide rod is slided along snap-gauge;
The cam mechanism includes driving device, cam, counting device;The driving device and cam rotation connect
It connects;The surface of the cam is the closing face that can generate difference in height moment;The bottom end of the guide rod is sliding along the surface of cam
It is dynamic;
When the cam rotates, the guide rod makes linear motion up and down along the linear axes under the action of cam.
Further, the supporting mechanism includes support frame, top panel, the first mounting plate, the second mounting plate;Above described
Plate is set to the upper end of support frame as described above, and the shaft fixing device that turns is on the top panel;First mounting plate, the second peace
Loading board is set to the upper and lower ends of the same side of support frame as described above.
Further, the linear bearing includes the first linear bearing, the second linear bearing;First linear bearing is solid
It is scheduled on the second mounting plate, second linear bearing is fixed on the first mounting plate.
Further, the shaft fixing device that turns includes fixing seat, section limit base, reducing sleeve;The machine shaft passes through
Reservation setting is fastened, one end of the machine shaft passes through section limit base and connects reducing sleeve, is arranged on the section limit base
There is photoelectric sensor;The end face of the reducing sleeve is equipped with protrusion;The first positioning is equipped between the reducing sleeve and machine shaft
Key is equipped with the second positioning key between the fixing seat and machine shaft;One end of the machine shaft connection reducing sleeve is equipped with spiral shell
It is female.
Further, the lever mechanism further includes deep groove ball bearing;The deep groove ball bearing is set to the lower end of guide rod.
Further, the cam mechanism further includes bottom plate, connecting shaft;The driving device is convex by connection axis connection
Wheel;Through slot corresponding with cam is offered on the bottom plate;The two sides of the through slot are equipped with the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate, described
Connecting shaft is rotatably connected on the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate, and the cam is set between the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate.
Further, the counting device includes inductor and sensing chip;Connecting shaft is fixed in described sensing chip one end
End, the other end are corresponding with inductor.
Further, the surface of the cam includes arcwall face and plane, and arcwall face peace kept man of a noblewoman's tail is connected to form
Closing face;The arcwall face and plane junction are handled using fillet.
In conclusion the present invention achieves following technical effect:
Invention significantly improves the efficiency and operation ease of the test of machine shaft shock loading, pass through setting driving dress
It sets, realizes full-automatic testing, and uniform force, consistency, reliability are effectively ensured, no high speed large torque rotary course accounts for
Ground area is small, at low cost, does not need complicated equipment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is general structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is shaft fixture structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is to turn shaft fixing device cross-sectional view;
Fig. 4 is lever mechanism structural schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is cam mechanism structural schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is an embodiment cam structure schematic diagram;
In figure, 1, supporting mechanism, 101, top panel, 102, support frame, the 103, first mounting plate, the 104, second mounting plate,
2, turn shaft fixing device, 201, fixing seat, 202, section limit base, 203, reducing sleeve, 204, bolt, 205, protrusion, 206, spiral shell
Mother, the 207, first positioning key, the 208, second positioning key, 209, photoelectric sensor, 3, lever mechanism, 301, guide rod, 302, counterweight
Block, the 303, first linear bearing, the 304, second linear bearing, 305, deep groove ball bearing, 306, snap-gauge, 307, supporting plate, 308, card
Ring, 4, cam mechanism, 401, bottom plate, 402, driving device, 403, connecting plate, 404, through slot, the 405, first vertical plate, 406, second
Vertical plate, 407, inductor, 408, sensing chip, 409, connecting shaft, 410, cam, 411, arcwall face, 412, plane, 413, first connects
Junction, the 414, second joint face, 415, keyway, 5, machine shaft.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, invention is further described in detail.
This specific embodiment is only explanation of the invention, is not limitation of the present invention, those skilled in the art
Member can according to need the modification that not creative contribution is made to the present embodiment after reading this specification, but as long as at this
All by the protection of Patent Law in the scope of the claims of invention.
Embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of machine shaft anti-shearing force test fixture, machine shaft 5 is installed, to electricity on the test fixture
Machine shaft 5 carries out anti-shearing force test, which includes supporting mechanism 1, turns shaft fixing device 2, lever mechanism 3, cam
Mechanism 4;Turn shaft fixing device 2 and be installed on 1 upper end of supporting mechanism, lever mechanism 3 is installed on 1 side of supporting mechanism, and shaft is fixed
Device 2 is located at the top of lever mechanism 3, and cam mechanism 4 is located at the lower end of lever mechanism 3, and cam mechanism 4 is the test fixture
Power delivery section.
Turn on shaft fixing device 2 as shown in Figure 1, machine shaft 5 is fixedly mounted on, keeps machine shaft 5 not rotate, be convenient for
Test.
As shown in Figure 1, lever mechanism 3 includes guide rod 301, clump weight 302, supporting plate 307, snap ring 308.Snap ring 308 is fixed
In the upper end of guide rod 301, as the resistance stress point impacted up and down.Clump weight 302 is fixed on guide rod 301, is being actually used
When, position of the weight and clump weight 302 of clump weight 302 on guide rod 301 according to the specification of machine shaft to be tested and
It is fixed.Guide rod 301 is equipped with linear bearing, and linear bearing is fixed on supporting mechanism 1, and linear bearing guarantees guide rod as guiding
301 be to move up and down;One end of supporting plate 307, which is fixedly connected, turns shaft fixing device 2, and the other end is fixed with snap-gauge 306, guide rod
301 are arranged through snap-gauge 306, and guide rod 301 is slided along snap-gauge 306;Supporting plate 307 remains stationary, and moves downward in guide rod 301
When, snap ring 308 has a downward impact force under the gravity of clump weight 302, snap ring 308 by the impact force conduct to
On snap-gauge 306, supporting plate 307, so that conduction is to turning on shaft fixing device 2, thus on conduction to machine shaft 5, ultimately form pair
The test force of machine shaft 5.
As shown in Figure 1, cam mechanism 4 includes driving device 402, cam 410, counting device;Driving device 402 and cam
410 rotation connections, driving device 402 use motor;The surface of cam 410 is the closing face that can generate difference in height moment;It is convex
The surface of wheel 410 is contacted with the bottom end of guide rod 301, and the bottom end of guide rod 301 is slided along the surface of cam 410;Cam 410 rotates
When, guide rod 301 makes linear motion up and down along linear axes under the action of cam 410.Counting device is for recording cam 410
The circle number of rotation.
As shown in Figure 1, supporting mechanism 1 includes support frame 102, top panel 101, the first mounting plate 103, the second mounting plate
104;Top panel 101 is set to the upper end of support frame 102, turns shaft fixing device 2 on top panel 101;First mounting plate 103,
Second mounting plate 104 is set to the upper and lower ends of the same side of support frame 102.
Linear bearing includes the first linear bearing 303, the second linear bearing 304;First linear bearing 303 is fixed on second
On mounting plate 104, the second linear bearing 304 is fixed on the first mounting plate 103.Guide rod 301 through the first linear bearing 303,
The setting of second linear bearing 304.First linear bearing 303 is located at the top of clump weight 302, and the second linear bearing 304 is located at and matches
The lower section of pouring weight 302;
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, turning shaft fixing device 2 includes fixing seat 201, section limit base 202, reducing sleeve 203;Motor
Shaft 5 is arranged through fixing seat 201, and one end of machine shaft 5 passes through section limit base 202 and connects reducing sleeve 203, section limit
Seat 202 is located at 5 stress of machine shaft maximum and the position of off-axis occurs, and controllable using stress point, section limit base 202 is equipped with
Photoelectric sensor 209, photoelectric sensor 209 are electrically connected with driving device 402, and photoelectric sensor 209 incudes reducing sleeve 203, work as electricity
Machine shaft 5 be broken when, reducing sleeve 203 with breaking portion be detached from section limit base 202, photoelectric sensor 209 induction less than turn
Female connector 203 sends stop signal to driving device 402, and driving device 402 stops working, and records present percussion number, issues
Alert notification operating personnel.In the present embodiment, photoelectric sensor 209 uses model E3Z-LS61OMRON.
Two bolts 204 are additionally provided in fixing seat 201, the bottom end of bolt 204 resists machine shaft 5 by gasket, into one
Step reinforces the fixation of machine shaft 5.
As shown in figure 3, being equipped with the first positioning key 207 between reducing sleeve 203 and machine shaft 5, fixing seat 201 and motor turn
The second positioning key 208 is equipped between axis 5, for reinforcing the fixation of machine shaft 5;One end of the connection reducing sleeve 203 of machine shaft 5
Equipped with nut 206, for reinforcing the fixation of machine shaft 5 and reducing sleeve 203, reducing sleeve 203 is supported as the switching of shearing force
Point.
As shown in figure 4, the end face of reducing sleeve 203 is equipped with protrusion 205, supporting plate 307 is fixedly connected with reducing sleeve 203, convex
It plays 205 to be embedded on supporting plate 307, the fixation being further ensured that between supporting plate 307, reducing sleeve 203.Lever mechanism 3 further includes depth
Ditch ball bearing 305;Deep groove ball bearing 305 is set to the lower end of guide rod 301.Deep groove ball bearing 305 is contacted with cam 410, along cam
The sliding of 410 tracks.
As shown in figure 5, cam mechanism 4 further includes bottom plate 401, connecting shaft 409;Driving device 402 is connected by connecting shaft 409
Connect cam 410;Through slot 404 corresponding with cam 410 is offered on bottom plate 401, through slot 404 provides the sky of rotation to cam 410
Between;The two sides of through slot 404 are equipped with the first vertical plate 405 and the second vertical plate 406, and connecting shaft 409 is rotatably connected on 405 He of the first vertical plate
On second vertical plate 406, cam 410 is set between the first vertical plate 405 and the second vertical plate 406.Driving device 402 is fixed on connecting plate
On 403.
As shown in figure 5, counting device includes inductor 407 and sensing chip 408, in the present embodiment, inductor 407 uses type
Number be EE-SX671-671P;The end of connecting shaft 409, the slot pair of the other end and inductor 407 are fixed in 408 one end of sensing chip
It answers.When sensing chip 408 follows connecting shaft 409 to rotate, per revolution runs past the slot of an inductor 407, inductor 407
The number that sensing chip 408 passes through is recorded, to record the circle number of the rotation of cam 410, is recorded as number of shocks.
Cam 410, which is fabricated to, can generate difference in height with moment and form the shape of impact force, be driven by driving device 402
Rotation, makes lever mechanism 3 carry out cycle impact force up and down, carries out shearing test to machine shaft 5.As shown in fig. 6, cam
410 surface includes arcwall face 411 and plane 412, and arcwall face 411 and plane 412 join end to end to form closing face;Arcwall face
411 and two junctions of plane 412 handled using fillet, form the first joint face 413 and the second joint face 414.Cam 410
On offer axis hole, axis hole side opens up keyway 415, passed through for connecting shaft 409, in connecting shaft 409 setting with keyway 415 cooperate
Convex block, guarantee that connecting shaft 409 and cam 410 are stably connected with.
Deep groove ball bearing 305 is in arcwall face 411, the first joint face 413, plane 412, the second joint face 414, arcwall face
It is moved on 411.
Arcwall face 411 is continuous cambered surface, and one end of arcwall face 411 is the highest point that deep groove ball bearing 305 moves, the other end
For minimum point, i.e. it is highest point at the first joint face 413, is minimum point at the second joint face 414, is i.e. at the second joint face 414
For minimum point, when deep groove ball bearing 305 is in the second joint face of minimum point 414, arcwall face 411, the first joint face of highest point 413
When upper, deep groove ball bearing 305 is in ascent stage, declines to reach highest point and moment and to form impact and prepare.
The length of plane 412 is equal to the maximum distance between snap ring 308 and snap-gauge 306, guarantees that snap ring 308 strikes snap-gauge
When 306, deep groove ball bearing 305 just reaches the second joint face 414, terminates this impact, and to carry out impact next time
It prepares.
Working principle:
As shown in Figures 1 to 6, supporting plate 307 is fixedly connected with reducing sleeve 203, and guide rod 301 is along about 306 straight line of snap-gauge
Movement, clump weight 302 follow guide rod 301 to move up and down, the first linear bearing 303, the second linear bearing 304, deep groove ball bearing
305 guarantee guide rods 301 are linear motions.
When driving device 402 drives cam 410 to rotate, deep groove ball bearing 305 is along arcwall face 411, the first joint face
413, plane 412, the second joint face 414, arcwall face 411 move.When deep groove ball bearing 305 is moved to from the first joint face 413
Moment in plane 412,301 moment of guide rod declines and forms impact force due to the gravity of clump weight 302, under guide rod 301
The distance of drop is the length of plane 412, and snap ring 308 declines therewith is formed simultaneously impact force, and snap ring 308 is due to clump weight 302
Gravity slamming down is to snap-gauge 306, and snap-gauge 306 is by the impact force by supporting plate 307, the conduction of reducing sleeve 203 to machine shaft 5
On, shearing force testing is carried out to machine shaft 5.While on snap ring 308 slamming down to snap-gauge 306, deep groove ball bearing 305
The second joint face 414 is reached, when cam 410 continues to rotate, deep groove ball bearing 305 arrives again at arcwall face 411, the first joint face
413, snap ring 308 carries out decline impact next time.
When photoelectric sensor 209 senses that machine shaft 5 is broken, photoelectric sensor 209 sends stop signal to driving
Device 402, driving device 402, which stops operating and sounds an alarm, notifies operating personnel.
In actual use, the threshold value that inductor 407 can also be set according to the specification of machine shaft 5 to be tested, when counting down to
When up to threshold value, driving device 402 stops operating, and test stops.
The torque that the present embodiment is born machine shaft using lever principle at the suitable distance of two fulcrum forces,
That is the distance between 306 stress point of 203 stress point of reducing sleeve and snap-gauge, the matching with approrpiate wts on 301 suitable position of guide rod
Pouring weight, then suitable impact velocity and height are calculated, it is rotated by cam, reaches continuous, consistent shearing force, surveyed
Examination.
This programme low energy consumption, safe operation, site environment are clean, pass through counter, theoretical calculation and Mechanics Simulation,
Reliable in quality, tooling carry out precise positioning to workpiece, and consistency is high, to meet the property of new energy sources for automobile high performance motor shaft
The anti-shearing force that can be tested and multi items machine shaft can be realized by switching a small number of toolings is tested.
The above is only not to make limit in any form to the present invention to better embodiment of the invention
System, according to the technical essence of the invention any simple modification made to the above embodiment, equivalent variations and modification, belong to
In the range of technical solution of the present invention.