CN110081026B - Inlet guide vane for weakening leakage flow at blade top of centrifugal compressor and adjusting method - Google Patents
Inlet guide vane for weakening leakage flow at blade top of centrifugal compressor and adjusting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110081026B CN110081026B CN201910408970.8A CN201910408970A CN110081026B CN 110081026 B CN110081026 B CN 110081026B CN 201910408970 A CN201910408970 A CN 201910408970A CN 110081026 B CN110081026 B CN 110081026B
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- guide vane
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/002—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying geometry within the pumps, e.g. by adjusting vanes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
- F04D29/46—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable
- F04D29/462—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
Abstract
The invention discloses an inlet guide vane for weakening leakage flow at the top of a centrifugal compressor blade and an adjusting method, wherein the inlet guide vane comprises a main guide vane and an additional guide vane which can rotate; the additional guide vane is arranged on the periphery of the air inlet channel of the centrifugal compressor; the additional guide vane is composed of two parts close to a blade top part and a blade root part; the height of the additional guide vane and the height of the main guide vane are in a relation of: a1/b is more than or equal to 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.3, a2/b is more than or equal to 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.3, wherein a1 is the height of the additional guide vane close to the blade top part, a2 is the height of the additional guide vane close to the blade root part, and b is the height of the main guide vane. The invention utilizes the method of locally adding the additional guide vane to locally adjust the flow of the blade top area of the semi-open type centrifugal compressor impeller, and is easy to realize. The invention improves the flow state of the impeller by influencing the leakage flow at the top of the blade, and can effectively improve the performance of the compressor. Compared with the existing inlet guide vane adjusting method, the invention only adds the additional guide vane, has small change and is easy to popularize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of centrifugal compressors, and relates to an inlet guide vane for weakening leakage flow at the top of a centrifugal compressor blade and an adjusting method.
Background
The centrifugal compressor has the advantages of high reliability, small volume, light weight and the like, and plays an important role in the industries of aerospace, energy power, petrochemical industry, metallurgy and the like. In practical application, the centrifugal compressor is not operated at a specific working point but operated within a certain flow range, and the stable operation working condition range of the centrifugal compressor is an important index for evaluating the performance of the compressor. In order to achieve the purposes of enabling the centrifugal compressor to have higher economical efficiency in the whole operation working condition and widening the stable operation working condition of the centrifugal compressor, the adjustable inlet guide vane is used for adjusting the working condition by changing the air inlet angle, and the adjusting mode has the advantages of simple structure, high economical efficiency and no need of stopping in the adjusting process.
The semi-open type centrifugal compressor has the advantages of both open type centrifugal compressors and closed type centrifugal compressors, so the application range is wider. However, because a gap exists between the impeller and the wheel cover of the semi-open type centrifugal compressor, blade tip gap leakage flow is inevitably generated in the operation process, the complexity of flow in a flow channel is aggravated by the blade tip leakage flow, the efficiency and the pressure ratio of the centrifugal compressor are influenced, and important influence is generated on the stable operation of the compressor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an inlet guide vane for weakening the leakage flow of the blade top of a centrifugal compressor and an adjusting method, and in order to achieve the aim, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the following steps:
an inlet guide vane for attenuating centrifugal compressor tip leakage flow includes a main guide vane and an additional guide vane both rotatable; the additional guide vane is arranged on the peripheral wall of the air inlet channel of the centrifugal compressor; the additional guide vane is composed of two parts close to a blade top part and a blade root part; the height of the additional guide vane and the height of the main guide vane are in a relation of: a1/b is more than or equal to 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.3, a2/b is more than or equal to 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.3, wherein a1 is the height of the additional guide vane close to the blade top part, a2 is the height of the additional guide vane close to the blade root part, and b is the height of the main guide vane.
The invention further improves the following steps:
the number of the additional guide vanes and the main guide vanes is not less than 5.
An adjustment method for attenuating centrifugal compressor tip leakage flow with inlet guide vanes, comprising the steps of:
when the operation state needs to be adjusted, the main guide vane and the additional guide vane are respectively rotated; when the flow is smaller than the designed flow, the rotation angle of the upper part of the additional guide vane is the same as that of the main guide vane, and the lower part of the additional guide vane rotates along the rotation direction of the impeller; when the flow is larger than or equal to the designed flow, the lower part of the additional guide vane rotates by the same angle as the main guide vane, and the upper part of the additional guide vane rotates in the same direction as the main guide vane and has a difference of 25-40 degrees with the main guide vane;
the further improvement is that:
the rotation angle of the additional guide vane is between-90 degrees and 90 degrees, when the rotation angle of the additional guide vane is opposite to the rotation direction of the impeller, the angle is a negative value, and otherwise, the angle is a positive value.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the leakage flow near the blade top of the centrifugal compressor is mainly driven by the static pressure difference between the pressure surface and the suction surface of the blade, and the static pressure of the surface of the blade is closely related to the static pressure of inlet airflow, so that the static pressure value of the inlet airflow can be changed by improving the form of an inlet guide vane, and the static pressure difference of the surface of the blade is reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of weakening the leakage flow at the blade top and improving the performance of the compressor. The invention utilizes the method of locally adding the additional guide vane to locally adjust the flow of the blade top area of the semi-open type centrifugal compressor impeller, and is easy to realize. The invention improves the flow state of the impeller by influencing the leakage flow at the top of the blade, and can effectively improve the performance of the compressor. Compared with the existing inlet guide vane adjusting method, the invention only adds the additional guide vane, has small change and is easy to popularize. Finally, the additional guide vane has simple structure, convenient processing and lower cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circumferential projection of one embodiment of the present invention applied to a semi-open centrifugal compressor;
FIG. 3 is a spanwise distribution plot of the circumferential average of inlet guide vane outlet static pressure for an embodiment of the present invention with a flow of 6.5 kg/s;
FIG. 4 is a flow direction distribution diagram of main blade tip leakage flow of one embodiment of the present invention, with a flow rate of 6.5 kg/s;
FIG. 5 is a flow direction distribution diagram of the tip leakage flow of a splitter blade according to an embodiment of the present invention, with a flow rate of 6.5 kg/s;
FIG. 6 is a compressor stage performance graph of one embodiment of the present invention; the variable efficiency of the centrifugal compressor stage using different guide vanes is obtained by the following steps of (a) obtaining variable efficiency of the centrifugal compressor stage using different guide vanes, (b) obtaining total pressure ratio of the centrifugal compressor stage using different guide vanes, (c) obtaining total pressure ratio of the centrifugal compressor stage using different guide vanes for a low-flow working condition, and (d) obtaining variable efficiency of the centrifugal compressor stage using different guide vanes for a low-flow working condition.
Wherein, 1-inlet of air channel; 2-inlet duct top profile; 3-main guide vanes; 4-additional guide vanes; 5-air inlet channel bottom molded line; 6-centrifugal impeller; 7-wheel cover; 8-a diffuser; 9-air outlet; 10-wheel disc.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present disclosure. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Various structural schematics according to the disclosed embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated and possibly omitted for clarity of presentation. The shapes of various regions, layers and their relative sizes and positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, and deviations may occur in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and a person skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions, according to actual needs.
In the context of the present disclosure, when a layer/element is referred to as being "on" another layer/element, it can be directly on the other layer/element or intervening layers/elements may be present. In addition, if a layer/element is "on" another layer/element in one orientation, then that layer/element may be "under" the other layer/element when the orientation is reversed.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the tandem inlet guide vane of the present invention includes a main guide vane 3 and an additional guide vane 4 (the additional guide vane is divided into two parts, one is near a top molded line 2 of an air inlet channel, and the other is near a bottom molded line 5 of the air inlet channel); the main guide vane 3 and the additional guide vane 4 can rotate for a certain angle; the main guide vane 3 and the additional guide vane 4 have different spanwise heights, the relationship between the height a of the additional guide vane 4 and the height b of the main guide vane 3 is that a1/b is more than or equal to 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.3, a2/b is more than or equal to 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.3, the additional guide vane 4 is arranged on the peripheral wall of the air inlet channel, and the additional guide vane 4 is divided into a part close to a vane top and a part close to a vane; the distance and the circumferential relative position between the main guide vane 3 and the additional guide vane 4 are related to the specific centrifugal compressor model; the number of the additional guide vanes 4 and the main guide vanes 3 is determined according to specific compressor parameters, and is generally not less than 5.
A tandem inlet guide vane adjustment method for attenuating tip leakage flow includes the following steps:
when the semi-open type centrifugal compressor provided with the series connection type inlet guide vanes operates, when the operation state needs to be adjusted, the main guide vane 3 and the additional guide vane 4 are respectively rotated by a certain angle. When the flow is smaller than the designed flow, the rotation angle of the upper part of the additional guide vane 4 is the same as that of the main guide vane 3, and the lower part rotates for a certain angle along the rotation direction of the impeller; when the flow is larger than or equal to the designed flow, the lower part of the additional guide vane 4 rotates by the same angle as the main guide vane 3, the upper part adjusts the angle according to the specific compressor model, the optimal angle of the additional guide vane is related to the specific compressor, generally the same direction as the rotation of the main guide vane 3, and the difference between the optimal angle and the main guide vane 3 is 25-40 degrees.
The rotation angles of the main guide vane 3 and the additional guide vane 4 are different, namely, an uneven inlet airflow angle is generated in the spanwise direction, the rotation angle of the additional guide vane 4 is between-90 degrees and 90 degrees (when the rotation angle of the guide vane is opposite to the rotation direction of the impeller, the angle is a negative value, and vice versa, the rotation angle of the main guide vane 3 is determined by the pressure ratio required to be reached by the centrifugal compressor.
When different centrifugal compressors and guide vanes are specifically operated, the additional guide vanes 4 are selected to have different rotation angles and heights so as to achieve the optimal effect.
The main guide vane 3 plays a main role during adjustment, and the additional guide vane 4 mainly plays a role in improving the local flow state of the blade top area of the semi-open centrifugal compressor impeller.
The principle and the working process of the invention are as follows:
the invention utilizes the additional guide vane to locally adjust the flow state of the blade top area of the centrifugal compressor impeller, thereby improving the performance of the centrifugal compressor. When the centrifugal compressor is adjusted by using the invention, the main guide vane 3 and the additional guide vane 4 can rotate around respective rotating shafts, and in the operation process of the semi-open type centrifugal impeller 6 (the blade root and the wheel disc 10 are integrated, and a certain gap is formed between the blade top and the wheel cover 7), the main guide vane 3 and the additional guide vane 4 are respectively rotated by a certain angle when the adjustment is needed, in the embodiment, the main guide vane rotates 15 degrees along the reverse impeller rotating direction, the upper part (solid line) of the additional guide vane rotates 55 degrees along the reverse impeller rotating direction, the lower part (dotted line) of the additional guide vane is the same as the main guide vane rotating angle, the additional guide vane height a1=0.15b, and a2= 0.2. In the operation process of the centrifugal compressor, gas enters from the inlet 1 of the gas inlet channel and flows through the main guide vane 3 and the additional guide vane 4 in sequence to generate deflection effect on the gas flow (the gas at the top is changed in gas flow angle by the main guide vane 3, and the gas flow angle is further changed by the additional guide vane 4, so that the great flow loss caused by changing the great gas flow angle once is avoided), the flow direction of the gas flow is changed, and then the gas enters the centrifugal impeller 6 and the diffuser 8 and finally flows out from the gas outlet 9. Specific parameters of the components of this example are described in published articles of this group (Jianyi Zhao, Zhuheng Wang, Guang Xi, et al. investment of Performance and flow Field of a Central comprehensive Pre-Swirl [ C ]; proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Expo, F, 2015.). When the airflow passes through the additional guide vane 4, the height of the additional guide vane 4 is only 15% of that of the main guide vane, and the deflection angle is large, so that the fluid at the top of the vane is further deflected, and the deflection angle of the airflow becomes nonuniform in the spanwise direction. The larger deflection angle near the blade top can enable the airflow to generate larger circumferential component velocity, and the change of the flow state at the position drives the flow velocity of the rest part of the gas to be increased, so that the static pressure at the outlet of the additional guide blade 4 is reduced, as shown in fig. 3, after the gas enters the centrifugal impeller 6, the static pressure difference between the pressure surface and the suction surface of the blade of the centrifugal impeller 6 is reduced due to the reduction of the static pressure, and further the leakage flow of the blade top is reduced. The reduction of the leakage amount of the blade top improves the flow state near the blade top of the centrifugal impeller 6, reduces the low-speed area of the blade top, and the improvement of the flow state at the impeller can reduce the flow loss in the diffuser 8 of the alumni part, thereby improving the performance of the compressor, and (a) and (b) in fig. 6 show that the total pressure ratio and the variable efficiency of the compressor using the series guide blades are obviously improved, particularly under the working condition of large flow, compared with the original condition that only the main guide blade rotates 15 degrees along the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the impeller, the capacity of increasing the blocking flow can be reasonably presumed.
When the centrifugal compressor operates in a low-flow working condition (less than the design flow), the performance improvement of the additional guide vane and the main guide vane which is used alone is very small, and the loss of an attack angle caused by large negative prerotation near the blade top is large when the flow is low. Therefore, the upper part of the additional guide vane 4 is rotated by the same angle as the main guide vane under the low-flow working condition, and the lower part is rotated by 15 degrees along the rotation direction of the impeller in the embodiment. This is mainly to increase the static pressure at the root of the suction surface of the blade, and the gas at the top of the suction surface of the blade is transported from the root of the blade when the flow rate is small, so the static pressure at the top of the suction surface is increased, thereby the static pressure difference between the pressure surface and the suction surface is reduced, the leakage rate is reduced, and the performance of the centrifugal compressor is improved, as shown in (c) and (d) in fig. 6, the smaller the flow rate of the regulation method is, the more obvious the advantage is.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. An inlet guide vane for attenuating leakage flow at the tip of a centrifugal compressor, characterized by comprising a main guide vane (3) and an additional guide vane (4) both rotatable; the additional guide vane (4) is arranged on the peripheral wall of the air inlet channel of the centrifugal compressor; the additional guide vane (4) is composed of two parts close to a blade top part and a blade root part; the height relation between the additional guide vane (4) and the main guide vane (3) is as follows: a1/b is more than or equal to 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.3, a2/b is more than or equal to 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.3, wherein a1 is the height of the additional guide vane close to the blade top part, a2 is the height of the additional guide vane close to the blade root part, and b is the height of the main guide vane.
2. Inlet guide vane for attenuating leakage flows at the tip of centrifugal compressors according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of blades of the supplementary guide vane (4) and the main guide vane (3) is not less than 5.
3. An adjustment method for attenuating leakage flow at the tip of a centrifugal compressor blade using inlet guide vanes, comprising the steps of:
when the operation state needs to be adjusted, the main guide vane (3) and the additional guide vane (4) are respectively rotated; the additional guide vane (4) is arranged on the peripheral wall of the air inlet channel of the centrifugal compressor; the additional guide vane (4) is composed of two parts close to a blade top part and a blade root part; the height relation between the additional guide vane (4) and the main guide vane (3) is as follows: a1/b is more than or equal to 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.3, a2/b is more than or equal to 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.3, wherein a1 is the height of the additional guide vane close to the top part of the blade, a2 is the height of the additional guide vane close to the root part of the blade, and b is the height of the main guide vane;
when the flow is smaller than the designed flow, the part of the additional guide vane (4) close to the vane top rotates along the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the impeller and the rotation angle of the main guide vane (3) is the same, and the part close to the vane root rotates along the rotation direction of the impeller; when the flow is larger than or equal to the designed flow, the part, close to the blade root, of the additional guide blade (4) rotates by the same angle with the rotation direction of the main guide blade (3) against the impeller, the main guide blade rotates by 15 degrees against the rotation direction of the impeller, and the part, close to the blade top, of the additional guide blade rotates by 55 degrees against the rotation direction of the impeller.
4. The method for modulating the attenuation of the leakage flow at the tip of a centrifugal compressor with inlet guide vanes according to claim 3, characterized in that the angle of rotation of the additional guide vanes (4) is comprised between-90 ° and 90 °, the angle being negative when the angle of rotation of the additional guide vanes is opposite to the direction of rotation of the impeller and positive when the angle is negative.
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| CN111692131A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-09-22 | 北京稳力科技有限公司 | Compressor and inlet guide vane device thereof |
| CN111734683A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-02 | 宁波工程学院 | Method for inhibiting tip leakage vortex and centrifugal compressor |
| CN114483629B (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2023-07-28 | 江苏海拓宾未来工业科技集团有限公司 | Multi-shaft multi-stage hydrogen fuel high-speed centrifugal compressor |
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| DE19722353A1 (en) * | 1997-05-28 | 1998-12-03 | Klein Schanzlin & Becker Ag | Centrifugal pump with an inlet guiding device |
| JPH10331792A (en) * | 1997-06-03 | 1998-12-15 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Structure of intake part of centrifugal compressor |
| US6012897A (en) * | 1997-06-23 | 2000-01-11 | Carrier Corporation | Free rotor stabilization |
| WO2015001644A1 (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2015-01-08 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Centrifugal compressor |
| CN103398024B (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2016-03-23 | 西安胜唐鼓风机有限公司 | A kind of import flow guide device of sintering machine |
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