CN110079811B - Device and method for on-line monitoring of underground cathode protection and corrosion of oil-water well pipe column - Google Patents
Device and method for on-line monitoring of underground cathode protection and corrosion of oil-water well pipe column Download PDFInfo
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- CN110079811B CN110079811B CN201910427818.4A CN201910427818A CN110079811B CN 110079811 B CN110079811 B CN 110079811B CN 201910427818 A CN201910427818 A CN 201910427818A CN 110079811 B CN110079811 B CN 110079811B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground cathodic protection and corrosion on-line monitoring of an oil-water well pipe column, and particularly relates to an on-line monitoring device and method for underground cathodic protection and corrosion of an oil-water well pipe column. The invention provides a device and a method for corrosion protection and detection of an oil-water well pipe column, which have the advantages of small power consumption, long protection distance, good effect, low initial investment cost and high reliability, stability and accuracy through the steps of configuring the ground cathode protection monitoring and on-line corrosion monitoring module, installing the underground corrosion on-line detection module and the underground cathode protection module, debugging the underground corrosion on-line detection module and the cathode protection module and inspecting the ground cathode protection monitoring and on-line corrosion monitoring module through the shell, connecting the underground cathode protection module in the shell for providing cathode protection current for the oil-water well pipe column, connecting the underground corrosion on-line detection module and the ground cathode protection monitoring and on-line corrosion monitoring module in the shell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground cathodic protection and corrosion on-line monitoring of an oil-water well pipe column, and particularly relates to an on-line monitoring device and method for underground cathodic protection and corrosion of an oil-water well pipe column.
Background
The underground corrosion damage of the oil-water well pipe column seriously reduces the structural strength, bearing capacity and reliability of the pipe column, shortens the service life of the pipe column, increases the running risk and threatens the safety of the oil-water well. The underground corrosion of the oil-water well pipe column mainly comprises the corrosion of the outer wall, the cathodic protection is a well-known effective technology for controlling the external corrosion, and the reasonable cathodic protection design can effectively prolong the underground service life of the oil-water well pipe column. Cathodic protection is the most economical and effective technical measure. The cathode protection is a safe and mature anti-corrosion technology, and has the characteristics of strong protection capability, simple construction, less investment and good protection effect. At present, cathode protection equipment is placed on the ground and far away from a downhole tubular column of an oil-water well to be protected, the occupied area is large, the equipment is heavy, a special power distribution room is required to be built, the cost is high, the operation efficiency is low, meanwhile, the corrosion condition of the downhole tubular column of the oil-water well cannot be monitored, and the conventional cathode protection cannot meet the field requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an on-line monitoring device and method for the cathodic protection and corrosion of an oil-water well pipe column underground, and aims to provide a device and method for protecting and detecting the oil-water well pipe column, which have the advantages of small power consumption, long protection distance, good effect and low initial investment cost; and the second aim is to provide a device and a method for protecting and detecting the oil-water well pipe column with reliability, stability and accuracy.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an on-line monitoring device for protecting and corroding an underground cathode of an oil-water well pipe column comprises
A housing;
the underground cathode protection module is connected in the shell and is used for providing cathode protection current for the oil-water well pipe column;
the underground corrosion online detection module is connected in the shell and used for online monitoring of the corrosion rate of the pipe column;
the ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module is electrically connected with the underground cathode protection module and the underground corrosion online detection module.
The underground cathode protection module comprises an alternating current power supply unit, a direct current power supply unit, a rechargeable battery unit, an adjustable voltage unit, a cathode protection voltage monitoring unit and a cathode protection current monitoring unit; the device comprises an AC power supply unit, a DC power supply unit, an adjustable voltage unit, a rechargeable battery unit, an oil-water well underground pipe column, a cathode protection voltage monitoring unit, a cathode protection current monitoring unit, a ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module and a storage battery.
The alternating current power supply unit adopts an alternating current 220V power supply, the direct current power supply unit adopts a direct current 30V power supply, the rechargeable battery unit adopts a 24V rechargeable battery, and the adjustable voltage unit adopts an adjustable voltage of 0-24V; the direct current power supply unit adopts an adjustable pulse width modulation direct current power supply.
The adjustable voltage unit adopts a pulse width modulation electronic direct current voltage divider; the pulse width modulation electronic direct current voltage divider comprises a singlechip, a field effect transistor, a display voltage device, a touch screen with current control output size and an external potentiometer; the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the display voltage device and the current control output size touch screen, the output end of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the driving input end of the high-power field effect transistor, the PWM pulse width end of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the external potentiometer, the source end of the field effect transistor is electrically connected with the electric positive electrode of the direct current power supply source, and the drain end of the field effect transistor is electrically connected with the ground anode well.
Threads are formed at two ends of the shell.
The underground corrosion online detection module comprises a sensor and probe integrated unit and an anti-corrosion monitoring data acquisition unit; the sensor and probe integrated unit is connected to the outer wall of the underground pipe column and is connected with the anti-corrosion monitoring data collector unit through an electric signal, and the anti-corrosion monitoring data collector unit is connected with the ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module through an electric wire.
The sensor and probe integrated unit adopts a resistance probe sensor which is designed by integrating a sensor and a resistance probe; the resistive probe sensor is a probe head with a metal test strip.
The ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module comprises a PLC controller and a human-computer interface touch screen; the PLC is in electrical signal connection with the underground cathode protection module and the underground online corrosion monitoring module.
An on-line monitoring method for the cathodic protection and corrosion of an oil-water well pipe column underground comprises the following steps:
step one: configuring a ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module;
step two: installing an in-well corrosion on-line detection module and an in-well cathode protection module
Connecting an oil-water well pipe column underground cathode protection and corrosion on-line monitoring device between a pipe pump and a gas anchor in a pipe column with the outer diameter of 73mm and the length of 800mm, punching a phi 8mmm hole on one side of the pipe column provided with the oil-water well pipe column underground cathode protection and corrosion on-line monitoring device, inserting a resistance probe sensor into the hole, sealing the hole by sealant, and grounding the sensor with an oil-water well pipe column body through an electrostatic bridging wire;
step three: debugging of underground corrosion on-line detection module and cathode protection module
After the second step is completed, electrifying, then debugging the underground cathode protection module and the online corrosion monitoring module, and uploading cathode protection voltage value, current value and corrosion rate data to the ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module by the underground cathode protection module and the online corrosion monitoring module for analysis, treatment and display;
step four: ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module inspection
Starting a ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module, receiving the underground cathode protection voltage, current and corrosion rate data of the tubular column transmitted in the third step, calculating the corrosion rate and corrosion condition of the received data through the ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module, and analyzing and processing according to the acquired position data to judge the ageing state of the corrosion layer of the tubular column.
The corrosion rate and the corrosion depth of the oil-water well pipe column in the fourth step are calculated, and the ageing positioning of the underground corrosion layer of the oil-water well pipe column is obtained by adopting the following method;
according to the condition of the resistance probe sensor, the corrosion rate of the oil-water well pipe column is calculated by adopting the following formula:
the corrosion depth H of the metal test piece in the resistance probe sensor is as follows:
H=r 0 *{1.0-[1.0-(R t -R o )/R t ] 1/2 },
wherein: r is (r) 0 -the original radius of the metal coupon;
R 0 -is the pre-corrosion resistance value;
R t -post-corrosion resistance;
the corrosion rate of the metal test piece is calculated according to the formula:
V=8760*(H 2 -H 1 )/(T 2 -T 1 )
wherein: t (T) 2 -T 1 For the time interval of two measurements,
H 2 -H 1 as the difference in the corrosion depths of the two measurements,
the corrosion rate of the metal test piece is the corrosion rate of the oil-water well pipe column;
the positioning of the corrosion layer of the oil-water well pipe column is obtained by the following method:
average thickness of oil-water well pipe column: t (T) t =(B 1 T 1 -B 2 T 2 )/B t
Wherein: t (T) t -an average thickness of the column;
B t -average magnetic induction in the pipe string;
T 1 -pre-corrosion column thickness;
B 1 -average magnetic induction before corrosion;
T 2 -post-corrosion column thickness;
B 1 mean magnetic induction after corrosionStrength;
when the difference between the average thickness of the pipe column and the thickness of the original pipe column is smaller than 1/10, judging that the corrosion of the oil-water well pipe column is not serious, and when the difference between the average thickness of the pipe column and the thickness of the original pipe column is 1/5-1/10, judging that the corrosion of the oil-water well pipe column is serious; and when the difference between the average thickness of the pipe column and the thickness of the original pipe column is more than 1/5, judging that the corrosion of the oil-water well pipe column is serious.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) The invention combines and installs the oil-water well pipe column underground cathode protection and the corrosion on-line monitoring together, and is conveniently installed between the oil-water well pipe column underground pipe pump and the gas anchor, and the pipe column cathode protection on-site cathode protection method has the characteristics of unique method, low power consumption, long protection distance, good effect, low initial investment cost and the like.
(2) According to the invention, the corrosion condition and the corrosion rate of the underground pipe column of the oil-water well are monitored underground on line, the corrosion monitoring rate is high in precision, the safe service life of the oil-water well pipe column can be predicted, a reliable method is provided for the research of the internal and external protection technology of the oil-water well pipe column, the oil-water well pipe column is guided to achieve the best effect by adopting forced external current cathodic protection, the corrosion of the oil-water well pipe column is effectively controlled, and the hidden trouble that the pipe column is likely to leak due to corrosion is avoided.
(3) The invention establishes an on-line monitoring system for the corrosion of the oil-water well pipe column, and provides scientific basis for the replacement, maintenance and the maintenance of the oil-water well pipe column.
(4) The invention ensures the safe, efficient and stable operation of the oil-water well pipe column and is environment-friendly, and has important significance for guaranteeing sustainable development of oil fields.
(5) The invention has convenient installation and ensures the reliability, stability and accuracy of the oil-water well pipe column cathode protection and corrosion effect monitoring system.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, it can be implemented according to the content of the specification, and the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the installation location of the present invention in a tubular string;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the invention.
In the figure: 1-oil supplement distance; 2-an oil pipe; 3-tube pump; 4-a shell internally connected with an oil-water well pipe column underground cathode protection module and an corrosion on-line monitoring module; 5-air anchor; 6-guide cone; 7-the top of the oil layer; 8-the bottom of the oil layer; 9-manual well bottom.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one:
an on-line monitoring device for cathodic protection and corrosion of oil-water well pipe column under well according to figures 1-2 comprises
A housing;
the underground cathode protection module is connected in the shell and is used for providing cathode protection current for the oil-water well pipe column;
the underground corrosion online detection module is connected in the shell and used for online monitoring of the corrosion rate of the pipe column;
the ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module is electrically connected with the underground cathode protection module and the underground corrosion online detection module.
When in actual use, the underground cathode protection module and the underground corrosion on-line detection module are connected in the shell and are installed in a pipe column with the diameter of 73mm and the length of 800mm, the two ends of the pipe column are sealed, and the pressure resistance level of the pipe column is 25MPa. The arrangement of the pipe column from top to bottom is as follows: the oil well pipe column underground cathode protection module and the corrosion on-line monitoring module are connected with the oil supplement distance 1, the oil pipe 2, the pipe pump 3, the shell 4, the gas anchor 5, the guide cone 6, the oil layer top 7, the oil layer bottom 8 and the artificial well bottom 9.
The underground cathode protection module is used for providing reasonable cathode protection current for an underground pipe column of the oil-water well, so that the underground of the oil-water well pipe column is protected from corrosion for a long time; and the underground corrosion online monitoring module is used for online monitoring the corrosion rate of the pipe column. The ground cathodic protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module is electrically connected with the underground cathodic protection module and the underground online corrosion monitoring module and is used for online monitoring of the cathodic protection current value, the potential value and the pipe column corrosion rate data of the oil-water well pipe column, so that corrosion factors can be conveniently searched, and the cathodic protection parameters can be adjusted, so that the underground of the oil-water well pipe column reaches an optimal cathodic protection state. The invention effectively prolongs the corrosion perforation period of the oil-water well pipe column and ensures the normal production of the oil-water well.
Embodiment two:
according to the on-line monitoring device for the cathodic protection and corrosion of the oil-water well pipe column in the well shown in fig. 2, the difference from the embodiment is that: the underground cathode protection module comprises an alternating current power supply unit, a direct current power supply unit, a rechargeable battery unit, an adjustable voltage unit, a cathode protection voltage monitoring unit and a cathode protection current monitoring unit; the device comprises an AC power supply unit, a DC power supply unit, an adjustable voltage unit, a rechargeable battery unit, an oil-water well underground pipe column, a cathode protection voltage monitoring unit, a cathode protection current monitoring unit, a ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module and a storage battery.
When in actual use, the technical scheme can ensure that the acquisition and transmission processes of the underground related data can be performed stably, safely and efficiently.
Embodiment III:
according to the on-line monitoring device for the cathodic protection and corrosion of the oil-water well pipe column in the well shown in fig. 2, the difference from the embodiment is that: the alternating current power supply unit adopts an alternating current 220V power supply, the direct current power supply unit adopts a direct current 30V power supply, the rechargeable battery unit adopts a 24V rechargeable battery, and the adjustable voltage unit adopts an adjustable voltage of 0-24V; the direct current power supply unit adopts an adjustable pulse width modulation direct current power supply.
When the device is actually used, 220V alternating voltage is fed into the alternating current power supply unit, the alternating current power supply unit is changed into direct current 30V through the direct current power supply, on one hand, 24V power is supplied to the rechargeable battery, on the other hand, 0-24V power is supplied to the anode well through the power supply output of the adjustable direct current device, the voltage and the current are monitored through the ground cathode protection voltage monitoring unit and the cathode protection current monitoring unit, and the voltage and the current are fed into the ground cathode protection monitoring and corrosion monitoring unit for displaying and controlling the cathode protection voltage and the current.
Embodiment four:
according to the on-line monitoring device for the cathodic protection and corrosion of the oil-water well pipe column in the well shown in fig. 2, the difference from the embodiment is that: the adjustable voltage unit adopts a pulse width modulation electronic direct current voltage divider; the pulse width modulation electronic direct current voltage divider comprises a singlechip, a field effect transistor, a display voltage device, a touch screen with current control output size and an external potentiometer; the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the display voltage device and the current control output size touch screen, the output end of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the driving input end of the high-power field effect transistor, the PWM pulse width end of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the external potentiometer, the source end of the field effect transistor is electrically connected with the electric positive electrode of the direct current power supply source, and the drain end of the field effect transistor is electrically connected with the ground anode well.
When in actual use, the current and voltage sampling signals can be changed through the adjustment of the external potentiometer, so that the output PWM pulse width of the singlechip is changed, and the size of the conduction angle of the polar base leakage current of the power field effect transistor can be changed. Because the field effect transistor is a voltage control device, the magnitude of the conduction angle of the polar base leakage current of the power field effect transistor is adjusted, and the magnitude of the voltage between the source electrode and the drain electrode of the high-power field effect transistor can be changed, so that the output voltage value is changed, and the magnitude of the voltage is adjusted in a PWM pulse width adjusting mode. The direct current power supply unit adopts the technical scheme of an adjustable pulse width modulation direct current power supply, so that the voltage regulating range is wide, the precision is high, the efficiency is high and the self consumption power is small.
In the embodiment, the field effect transistor is a field effect transistor with the power of 2000W-3000W. The source end of the field effect transistor is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, the drain end of the field effect transistor is electrically connected with the ground anode well, and the control base is electrically connected with the output end of the singlechip in a pulse mode.
In the embodiment, the model adopted by the singlechip is 80C196KC, the model adopted by the field effect transistor is NMOS96C, the model adopted by the display voltage device is MC12, the model adopted by the external potentiometer is WRJ-10K, the model adopted by the display voltage device is MC12, and the model adopted by the touch screen is CMP-2.
Fifth embodiment:
according to the on-line monitoring device for the cathodic protection and corrosion of the oil-water well pipe column in the well shown in fig. 1, the difference from the embodiment is that: threads are formed at two ends of the shell.
In actual use, the two ends of the shell are provided with threads, so that the pipe pump 3 and the air anchor 5 are convenient to connect and detach.
Example six:
according to the on-line monitoring device for the cathodic protection and corrosion of the oil-water well pipe column in the well shown in fig. 2, the difference from the embodiment is that: the underground corrosion online detection module comprises a sensor and probe integrated unit and an anti-corrosion monitoring data acquisition unit; the sensor and probe integrated unit is connected to the outer wall of the underground pipe column and is connected with the anti-corrosion monitoring data collector unit through an electric signal, and the anti-corrosion monitoring data collector unit is connected with the ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module through an electric wire.
Preferably, the sensor and probe integrated unit adopts a resistance probe sensor with integrated design of a sensor and a resistance probe; the resistive probe sensor is a probe head with a metal test strip.
When in actual use, the underground sensor and probe integrated unit is used for measuring the corrosion rate by the resistance probe; the sensor and probe integrated unit sends the collected corrosion signal to the online corrosion monitoring data collector unit, and after the corrosion signal is processed into a standard RS485 signal, the standard RS485 signal is sent to the ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module for corrosion display and monitoring. The technical scheme better realizes the functions of detection and data transmission.
The resistance probe sensor is a probe head provided with a metal test piece, the cross-sectional area of which is reduced by corrosion in a corrosive medium, so that the resistance is increased, and the total corrosion amount and corrosion rate of the period can be calculated by periodically measuring the resistance. The method is superior to the hanging method in that the resistance probe sensor can monitor and record the instantaneous corrosion rate.
The model adopted by the anti-corrosion monitoring data collector unit in the embodiment is CQ-FJ.
Embodiment seven:
according to the on-line monitoring device for the cathodic protection and corrosion of the oil-water well pipe column in the well shown in fig. 2, the difference from the embodiment is that: the underground corrosion online detection module comprises a sensor and probe integrated unit and an anti-corrosion monitoring data acquisition unit; the sensor and probe integrated unit is connected with the anti-corrosion monitoring data acquisition unit through an electric signal, and the anti-corrosion monitoring data acquisition unit is connected with the remote control module through an electric wire.
Preferably, the sensor and probe integrated unit adopts a resistance probe sensor with integrated sensor and resistance probe design.
When in actual use, the sensor and probe integrated unit is electrically connected with the corrosion-resistant monitoring data collector unit, the sensor and probe integrated unit sends the collected corrosion signal to the corrosion-resistant monitoring data collector unit, and after the corrosion signal is processed into a standard RS485 signal, the standard RS485 signal is sent to the ground to be sent to the ground cathode protection monitoring and corrosion monitoring unit for corrosion display and monitoring, so that the function of the corrosion-resistant monitoring data collector unit is better realized.
Example eight:
according to the on-line monitoring device for the cathodic protection and corrosion of the oil-water well pipe column in the well shown in fig. 2, the difference from the embodiment is that: the ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module comprises a PLC controller and a human-computer interface touch screen; the PLC is in electrical signal connection with the underground cathode protection module and the underground online corrosion monitoring module.
When in actual use, the remote control module monitors the cathode protection voltage, current and corrosion rate of the pipe column in real time, searches corrosion factors, adjusts cathode protection parameters, enables the underground cathode protection of the oil-water well pipe column to reach the optimal cathode protection state, prolongs the corrosion perforation period of the oil-water well pipe column, and ensures the normal production of the oil-water well.
Example nine:
an on-line monitoring method for the cathodic protection and corrosion of an oil-water well pipe column underground comprises the following steps:
step one: configuring ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module
Step two: installing an in-well corrosion on-line detection module and an in-well cathode protection module
Connecting an oil-water well pipe column underground cathode protection and corrosion on-line monitoring device between a pipe pump 3 and a gas anchor 5 in a pipe column with the outer diameter of 73mm and the length of 800mm, punching a phi 8mmm hole on one side of the pipe column provided with the oil-water well pipe column underground cathode protection and corrosion on-line monitoring device, inserting a resistance probe sensor into the hole, sealing the hole by sealant, and grounding the sensor with an oil-water well pipe column body through an electrostatic bridging wire;
step three: debugging of underground corrosion on-line detection module and cathode protection module
After the second step is completed, electrifying, then debugging the underground cathode protection module and the online corrosion monitoring module, and uploading cathode protection voltage value, current value and corrosion rate data to the ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module by the underground cathode protection module and the online corrosion monitoring module for analysis, treatment and display;
step four: ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module inspection
Starting a ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module, receiving the underground cathode protection voltage, current and corrosion rate data of the tubular column transmitted in the third step, calculating the corrosion rate and corrosion condition of the received data through the ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module, and analyzing and processing according to the acquired position data to judge the ageing state of the corrosion layer of the tubular column.
In actual use, the invention is conveniently arranged between the pipe pump 3 and the gas anchor 5 in the oil-water well pipe column by configuring the ground cathode protection monitoring and on-line corrosion monitoring module, installing the underground corrosion on-line detection module and the underground cathode protection module, and carrying out four steps of debugging the underground corrosion on-line detection module and the cathode protection module and inspecting the ground cathode protection monitoring and on-line corrosion monitoring module, so that the underground uninterrupted oil-water well pipe column provides reasonable cathode protection current, has long protection distance and good effect, and ensures that the oil-water well pipe column is protected from corrosion for a long time; meanwhile, the corrosion rate data of the pipe column can be monitored on line underground, the measuring response speed is high, and the precision is high. The ground remote control module can monitor the cathodic protection current, potential and corrosion rate data of the oil-water well pipe column on line, is convenient for searching corrosion factors, adjusts cathodic protection parameters, enables the oil-water well pipe column to reach the optimal cathodic protection state, prolongs the corrosion perforation life of the oil-water well pipe column, and ensures the normal production of the oil-water well.
Example ten:
the method for on-line monitoring the corrosion rate and the corrosion depth of the oil-water well pipe column underground cathode protection and corrosion in the fourth step is characterized in that the method for ageing and positioning the oil-water well pipe column underground corrosion layer is obtained by adopting the following steps;
according to the condition of the resistance probe sensor, the corrosion rate of the oil-water well pipe column is calculated by adopting the following formula:
the corrosion depth H of the metal test piece in the resistance probe sensor is as follows:
H=r 0 *{1.0-[1.0-(R t -R o )/R t ] 1/2 },
wherein: r is (r) 0 -the original radius of the metal coupon;
R 0 -is the pre-corrosion resistance value;
R t -post-corrosion resistance;
the corrosion rate of the metal test piece is calculated according to the formula:
V=8760*(H 2 -H 1 )/(T 2 -T 1 )
wherein: t (T) 2 -T 1 For the time interval of two measurements,
H 2 -H 1 as the difference in the corrosion depths of the two measurements,
the corrosion rate of the metal test piece is the corrosion rate of the oil-water well pipe column;
the positioning of the corrosion layer of the oil-water well pipe column is obtained by the following method:
average thickness of oil-water well pipe column: t (T) t =(B 1 T 1 -B 2 T 2 )/B t
Wherein: t (T) t -an average thickness of the column;
B t -average magnetic induction in the pipe string;
T 1 -pre-corrosion column thickness;
B 1 -average magnetic induction before corrosion;
T 2 -post-corrosion column thickness;
B 1 -average magnetic induction after corrosion;
when the difference between the average thickness of the pipe column and the thickness of the original pipe column is smaller than 1/10, judging that the corrosion of the oil-water well pipe column is not serious, and when the difference between the average thickness of the pipe column and the thickness of the original pipe column is 1/5-1/10, judging that the corrosion of the oil-water well pipe column is serious; and when the difference between the average thickness of the pipe column and the thickness of the original pipe column is more than 1/5, judging that the corrosion of the oil-water well pipe column is serious.
The corrosion rate of the metal test piece is the corrosion rate of the oil-water well pipe column, and effectively reflects the corrosion speed of the oil-water well pipe column.
Example eleven:
as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides the installation method of the present invention. When a new oil-water well is put into production or is repaired, a shell which is internally connected with a cathode protection module and an corrosion on-line monitoring module is arranged between the pipe pump 3 and the gas anchor 5. The cathode protection device provides reasonable cathode protection current for the underground of the oil-water well pipe column in an uninterrupted manner on site, and has long protection distance and good effect, so that the oil-water well pipe column is protected from corrosion for a long time; and the corrosion rate data of the pipe column is monitored on site, so that the measuring response speed is high, and the precision is high. The ground pipe column cathodic protection and corrosion rate on-line monitoring unit can monitor the current, potential and corrosion rate data of the oil-water well pipe column underground cathodic protection on line, search corrosion factors, adjust cathodic protection parameters, enable the oil-water well underground pipe column to reach the optimal cathodic protection state, prolong the corrosion perforation life of the oil-water well underground pipe column, and ensure the normal production of the oil-water well.
The on-line monitoring method for the tubular column cathode protection and corrosion of the oil-water well comprises the following steps:
1) The on-line monitoring unit for performing the cathode protection voltage, current and corrosion of the ground pipe column is configured with the on-line monitoring unit for performing the cathode protection and corrosion of the ground pipe column, and mainly comprises a PLC controller, a man-machine interface touch screen and the like. The system can monitor the conditions of the cathode protection voltage, current and corrosion rate of the pipe column in real time, perform the functions of displaying, storing and reporting the data of the cathode protection voltage, current and corrosion rate of the pipe column, calculating data, recalling accidents, recording event sequences, pre-warning parameters and the like, and provide technical support for long-term stable operation of the underground oil-water well pipe column.
2) Underground cathode protection device and corrosion on-line monitoring device for installing oil-water well pipe column
The cathode protection device and the corrosion on-line monitoring device with the shapes of 73mm and 800mm are arranged between a downhole pipe pump and an air anchor of an oil-water well pipe column, a phi 8mmm hole is formed on one side of the pipe column provided with the cathode protection device and the corrosion on-line monitoring device, an on-line resistance probe sensor is inserted into the pipe column, the pipe column is sealed by sealant, and the sealant in the embodiment adopts epoxy resin. In order to ensure the stability and reliability of the test results, the resistive probe sensor must be grounded to the oil and water well string body through an electrostatic jumper wire.
3) Debugging on-line monitoring device for corrosion of underground pipe column of oil-water well
The corrosion data is uploaded to a ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module through a wireless method, the corrosion of the underground pipe column of the oil-water well is monitored and debugged, the measurement accuracy of the resistance probe sensor can be as low as 30nm, the corrosion rate of underground metal of the pipe column of the oil-water well can be measured within a few minutes or a few hours, and quick response is made to the change of the corrosion rate of underground metal of the pipe column of the oil-water well.
4) Debugging of downhole cathode protection device of oil-water well pipe column
According to the requirement of the underground protection current of the oil-water well pipe column, the cathodic protection current is 4A-5A, the adjustable voltage is adjusted to 0-24V unit, the minimum protection potential of the pipe column is at least-0.85V, and the aim of stopping corrosion of metal can be achieved; in environments where sulfate-reducing bacteria are involved in corrosion, the cathodic polarization potential should be-0.95V or more at sulfate levels greater than 0.5%. The ground cathode protection current and voltage monitoring unit is transmitted into the ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module through wires to be analyzed and processed.
5) Ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module inspection start work
The on-line monitoring unit for the cathode protection and corrosion of the ground pipe column is started to work, the on-line monitoring unit for the cathode protection and corrosion of the underground pipe column can monitor the voltage, current and corrosion rate of the cathode protection of the underground pipe column, the underground corrosion calculation and analysis of the oil-water well pipe column can be carried out through the corrosion rate, the underground corrosion layer positioning of the oil-water well pipe column is carried out, the aging state of the corrosion layer is evaluated, the operation parameters of the pipe column are judged, and the on-line parameter early warning and the like are carried out. The cathode protection and corrosion on-line monitoring unit has the characteristics of quick result of detecting corrosion points underground by the oil and water well pipe column, accurate monitoring data, unattended operation, high degree of automation and the like. The risk of pipe string leakage is effectively prevented, the hidden danger that the oil-water well pipe string is likely to leak due to corrosion is avoided, the corrosion of the oil-water well pipe string is effectively controlled, the service life of the oil-water well pipe string is prolonged, the safe production and operation of the oil-water well pipe string are ensured, scientific basis is provided for making protective measures for seeking corrosion reasons, the forced impressed current cathodic protection effect of the oil-water well pipe string is evaluated, the corrosion process of the oil-water well pipe string is controlled, the service life of the oil-water well pipe string is prolonged, and the corrosion and protection evaluation and operation management level of the oil-water well pipe string is improved.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Under the condition of no conflict, the technical features related to the examples can be combined with each other according to actual situations by a person skilled in the art so as to achieve corresponding technical effects, and specific details of the combination situations are not described in detail herein.
While the invention is susceptible of embodiments in accordance with the preferred embodiments, the invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. Any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. The components and structures not specifically described in this embodiment are well known in the art and are not described in detail herein.
Claims (10)
1. An oil-water well pipe column is cathodic protection and corrodes on-line monitoring device in pit, its characterized in that: comprises a shell;
the underground cathode protection module is connected in the shell and is used for providing cathode protection current for the oil-water well pipe column;
the underground corrosion online detection module is connected in the shell and used for online monitoring of the corrosion rate of the pipe column;
the ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module is electrically connected with the underground cathode protection module and the underground corrosion online detection module;
the housing is connected between a tubing pump (3) and a gas anchor (5) in a tubing string of 73mm outer diameter and 800mm length.
2. The on-line monitoring device for cathodic protection and corrosion of an oil-water well pipe column downhole as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the underground cathode protection module comprises an alternating current power supply unit, a direct current power supply unit, a rechargeable battery unit, an adjustable voltage unit, a cathode protection voltage monitoring unit and a cathode protection current monitoring unit; the device comprises an AC power supply unit, a DC power supply unit, an adjustable voltage unit, a rechargeable battery unit, an oil-water well underground pipe column, a cathode protection voltage monitoring unit, a cathode protection current monitoring unit, a ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module and a storage battery.
3. The on-line monitoring device for cathodic protection and corrosion of an oil-water well pipe column downhole as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the alternating current power supply unit adopts an alternating current 220V power supply, the direct current power supply unit adopts a direct current 30V power supply, the rechargeable battery unit adopts a 24V rechargeable battery, and the adjustable voltage unit adopts an adjustable voltage of 0-24V; the direct current power supply unit adopts an adjustable pulse width modulation direct current power supply.
4. An on-line monitoring device for cathodic protection and corrosion in the well of an oil well pipe string according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: the adjustable voltage unit adopts a pulse width modulation electronic direct current voltage divider; the pulse width modulation electronic direct current voltage divider comprises a singlechip, a field effect transistor, a display voltage device, a touch screen with current control output size and an external potentiometer; the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the display voltage device and the current control output size touch screen, the output end of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the driving input end of the high-power field effect transistor, the PWM pulse width end of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the external potentiometer, the source end of the field effect transistor is electrically connected with the electric positive electrode of the direct current power supply source, and the drain end of the field effect transistor is electrically connected with the ground anode well.
5. The on-line monitoring device for cathodic protection and corrosion of an oil-water well pipe column downhole as set forth in claim 1, wherein: threads are formed at two ends of the shell.
6. The on-line monitoring device for cathodic protection and corrosion of an oil-water well pipe column downhole as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the underground corrosion online detection module comprises a sensor and probe integrated unit and an anti-corrosion monitoring data acquisition unit; the sensor and probe integrated unit is connected to the outer wall of the underground pipe column and is connected with the anti-corrosion monitoring data collector unit through an electric signal, and the anti-corrosion monitoring data collector unit is connected with the ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module through an electric wire.
7. The on-line monitoring device for cathodic protection and corrosion of an oil-water well pipe column downhole as set forth in claim 6, wherein: the sensor and probe integrated unit adopts a resistance probe sensor which is designed by integrating a sensor and a resistance probe; the resistive probe sensor is a probe head with a metal test strip.
8. The on-line monitoring device for cathodic protection and corrosion of an oil-water well pipe column downhole as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module comprises a PLC controller and a human-computer interface touch screen; the PLC is in electrical signal connection with the underground cathode protection module and the underground online corrosion monitoring module.
9. An on-line monitoring method for the protection and corrosion of the underground cathode of an oil-water well pipe column is characterized in that the on-line monitoring device for the protection and corrosion of the underground cathode of the oil-water well pipe column is adopted, and the on-line monitoring method comprises the following steps:
step one: configuring ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module
Step two: installing an in-well corrosion on-line detection module and an in-well cathode protection module
Connecting an oil-water well pipe column underground cathode protection and corrosion on-line monitoring device between a pipe pump (3) and an air anchor (5) in a pipe column with the outer diameter of 73mm and the length of 800mm, punching a phi 8mmm hole on one side of the pipe column provided with the oil-water well pipe column underground cathode protection and corrosion on-line monitoring device, inserting a resistance probe sensor into the hole, sealing the hole by sealant, and grounding the sensor with an oil-water well pipe column body through an electrostatic bridging wire;
step three: debugging of underground corrosion on-line detection module and cathode protection module
After the second step is completed, electrifying, then debugging the underground cathode protection module and the online corrosion monitoring module, and uploading cathode protection voltage value, current value and corrosion rate data to the ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module by the underground cathode protection module and the online corrosion monitoring module for analysis, treatment and display;
step four: ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module inspection
Starting a ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module, receiving the underground cathode protection voltage, current and corrosion rate data of the tubular column transmitted in the third step, calculating the corrosion rate and corrosion condition of the received data through the ground cathode protection monitoring and online corrosion monitoring module, and analyzing and processing according to the acquired position data to judge the ageing state of the corrosion layer of the tubular column.
10. The method for on-line monitoring of the cathodic protection and corrosion of an oil-water well tubular string downhole as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the corrosion rate and the corrosion depth of the oil-water well pipe column in the fourth step are calculated, and the ageing positioning of the underground corrosion layer of the oil-water well pipe column is obtained by adopting the following method;
according to the condition of the resistance probe sensor, the corrosion rate of the oil-water well pipe column is calculated by adopting the following formula:
the corrosion depth H of the metal test piece in the resistance probe sensor is as follows:
H=r 0 *{1.0-[1.0-(R t -R o )/R t ] 1/2 },
wherein: r is (r) 0 -the original radius of the metal coupon;
R 0 -is the pre-corrosion resistance value;
R t -post-corrosion resistance;
the corrosion rate of the metal test piece is calculated according to the formula:
V=8760*(H 2 -H 1 )/(T 2 -T 1 )
wherein: t (T) 2 -T 1 For the time interval of two measurements,
H 2 -H 1 as the difference in the corrosion depths of the two measurements,
the corrosion rate of the metal test piece is the corrosion rate of the oil-water well pipe column;
the positioning of the corrosion layer of the oil-water well pipe column is obtained by the following method:
average thickness of oil-water well pipe column: t (T) t =(B 1 T 1 -B 2 T 2 )/B t
Wherein: t (T) t -an average thickness of the column;
B t -average magnetic induction in the pipe string;
T 1 -pre-corrosion column thickness;
B 1 -average magnetic induction before corrosion;
T 2 -post-corrosion column thickness;
B 1 -average magnetic induction after corrosion;
when the difference between the average thickness of the pipe column and the thickness of the original pipe column is smaller than 1/10, judging that the corrosion of the oil-water well pipe column is not serious, and when the difference between the average thickness of the pipe column and the thickness of the original pipe column is 1/5-1/10, judging that the corrosion of the oil-water well pipe column is serious; and when the difference between the average thickness of the pipe column and the thickness of the original pipe column is more than 1/5, judging that the corrosion of the oil-water well pipe column is serious.
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