CN110078081A - A method of amorphous silica is prepared using water hyacinth - Google Patents

A method of amorphous silica is prepared using water hyacinth Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110078081A
CN110078081A CN201910367147.7A CN201910367147A CN110078081A CN 110078081 A CN110078081 A CN 110078081A CN 201910367147 A CN201910367147 A CN 201910367147A CN 110078081 A CN110078081 A CN 110078081A
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China
Prior art keywords
water hyacinth
amorphous silica
silica
room temperature
preparing amorphous
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CN201910367147.7A
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Inventor
李艳红
梁光兵
訾昌毓
张远琴
赵文波
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN201910367147.7A priority Critical patent/CN110078081A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B33/00Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B33/113Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
    • C01B33/12Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
    • C01B33/126Preparation of silica of undetermined type
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2002/00Crystal-structural characteristics
    • C01P2002/70Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
    • C01P2002/72Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2002/00Crystal-structural characteristics
    • C01P2002/80Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70
    • C01P2002/82Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70 by IR- or Raman-data

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of method for preparing amorphous silica using water hyacinth, this method is by fresh water hyacinth by pre-processing, it after high-temperature calcination is cooled to room temperature at ash, is mixed with hydrochloric acid solution, 120~180min is stirred at room temperature, it is centrifugated out solid phase, after distilling water washing to neutrality, is mixed with sodium hydroxide solution, mixture is placed in heating stirring in oil bath, filtering, it is 5~7 that hydrochloric acid solution is added in filtrate and adjusts pH;It is aged 24~48h at room temperature, white flock precipitate occurs, unbodied silica is obtained after being filtered, washed and dried;The method of the present invention solves the problem of that water hyacinth overflows and destroys domestic ecosystem balance;New approach is opened up for the production of silica, achievees the effect that turn waste into wealth, realizes the requirement of environmentally friendly low-carbon.

Description

A method of amorphous silica is prepared using water hyacinth
Technical field
The invention belongs to biomass high price value utilize technical field, and in particular to it is a kind of using water hyacinth prepare it is amorphous The method of silica.
Background technique
Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is a kind of floating plant for being grown on South America, since it is with water purification and enjoying value, two Ten beginnings of the century were artificially induced to China;But the China domestic natural enemy for lacking this kind of plant, and water hyacinth seed survival Time is long, reproduction speed is fast, and causing it, more ground quantity explosion type increases at home, brings eutrophication, the water of rivers and lakes The problems such as death of biology and navigation channel blocking;Seriously destroy local ecosystem balance and diversity of organism.
Water hyacinth can be used for biomass fuel, and burn generated ash content inorganic oxide containing there are many, wherein with two The content of silica is most, usually less than 60wt%.Silica can be divided into crystalline state and amorphous two major classes again;Titanium dioxide Silicon is widely used for the manufacturing of the industrial products such as ceramics, refractory material, cement and glass;Amorphous silica is in high temperature Under the conditions of be soluble in lye and form sodium silicate solution, i.e. waterglass;And crystalline silica is not easy to form sodium silicate solution;Nothing Amorphous silicon dioxide is both synthesis of molecular sieve and prepares the indispensable raw material of silica gel adsorptive material;It is burnt using water hyacinth The ash content of generation prepares amorphous silica, has saved the cost of production amorphous silica and its accessory, at present state Inside and outside relevant research is also less.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology and insufficient, the present invention, which provides, a kind of prepares amorphous titanium dioxide using water hyacinth The method of silicon, it is intended to solve the problem of that water hyacinth overflows and destroy domestic ecosystem balance;It is opened for the production of silica New approach is warded off, achievees the effect that turn waste into wealth, realizes the requirement of environmentally friendly low-carbon.
The method of the present invention is by fresh water hyacinth by pre-processing, molten with hydrochloric acid after high-temperature calcination is cooled to room temperature at ash Liquid mixing, is stirred at room temperature 120~180min, is centrifugated out solid phase, mixed with sodium hydroxide solution after distilling water washing to neutrality It closes, mixture is placed in heating stirring in oil bath, filter, it is 5~7 that hydrochloric acid solution is added in filtrate and adjusts pH;It is old at room temperature Change 24~48h, white flock precipitate occurs, unbodied silica is obtained after being filtered, washed and dried;
The concrete operations of the above method are as follows: fresh water hyacinth pulverizer is crushed and natural drying is to after being dehydrated, 500~ 120~360min is calcined at 700 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature;The ratio that 20~50mL is added in every 1g water hyacinth ash, by water hyacinth ash It is mixed with the hydrochloric acid solution of 5~6mol/L of concentration, 120~180min is stirred at room temperature, the centrifugation point at 5000~6000rpm Solid phase is separated out, after solid phase is washed with distilled water to neutrality, the ratio of 40~60mL is added in every 1g solid phase, is by solid phase and concentration The sodium hydroxide solution of 1.0~1.5mol/L mixes, and mixture is placed in 12~20h of stirring, vacuum in 200~300 DEG C of oil baths Under the conditions of filter, in filtrate be added hydrochloric acid solution adjust pH be 5~7;It is aged 24~48h at room temperature, it is heavy white flock occur It forms sediment, unbodied silica is made at residue washing and 80~100 DEG C after dry 8~10h in filtering.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, in the method for the present invention, water hyacinth belongs to exotic invasive floating plant, meets the theme of ecological protection;
2, the method that the preparation of amorphous silica mainly takes alkali-soluble acid analysis in the method for the present invention, easy to operate, gained produces The activation of product silica is uniformly, with high purity;
3, water hyacinth distributed number is more in the method for the present invention, and reproduction speed is fast, and raw material sources are extensive.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the XRD diagram of amorphous silica prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) figure of amorphous silica prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 3 is the pictorial diagram of amorphous silica prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: this is to take fresh water hyacinth 1kg using the method that water hyacinth prepares amorphous silica, with crushing Machine is ground into fine particle, is placed under sunlight and dries 6 days until dehydration;Dehydration water hyacinth is placed in Muffle furnace and is heated to 600 DEG C, high-temperature calcination 250min is cooled to room temperature (grey chemical component is shown in Table 1 after calcining);100mL is added in 5g water hyacinth ash 6mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, the at the uniform velocity ash content that is generated with pickling of stirring 120min at room temperature, a small amount of metal that removing wherein contains Oxide;Grey black after being centrifugated out pickling at 6000rpm is washed repeatedly with distilled water to neutrality;Add by every 1g grey black The ratio for adding 50mL sodium hydroxide solution mixes grey black with the 1.0mol/L sodium hydroxide solution of 200mL, in 240 DEG C of oil baths In at the uniform velocity stir 12 hours, filtrate pH is adjusted to 6 with 6mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, is aged at room temperature by the filtrate of vacuum filtration For 24 hours, there is white flock precipitate, filter, after distillation water washing, it is 8 hours dry at 100 DEG C, obtain white-amorphous dioxy SiClx solid particle;
Table 1: the main chemical compositions (wt%) of water hyacinth ash
XRD, FTIR characterization are carried out to silica manufactured in the present embodiment, as a result such as Fig. 1 to Fig. 2;From figure 1 it appears that The diffraction peak of the diffraction maximum position of silica manufactured in the present embodiment and intensity with amorphous silica standard spectrogram It sets and intensity is coincide substantially, show that substance manufactured in the present embodiment is amorphous silica;By analyzing Fig. 2 it is found that originally The silica of embodiment preparation has typical Si-O, Si-O-Si structure, wherein 1090cm-1The absorption peak of Qiang Erkuan belongs to Si-O-Si antisymmetric stretching vibration, 795cm-1、464cm-1The absorption peak at place belongs to Si-O symmetrical stretching vibration and bending vibration, 3450cm-1The broad peak at place belongs to the antisymmetric stretching vibration peak of hydroxyl in constitution water, 1638cm-1The absorption peak at place belongs to H-O-H Flexural vibrations peak;Fig. 3 is the pictorial diagram for preparing amorphous silica, has the complexion feature of silica.
Embodiment 2: it is to take fresh water hyacinth 1kg using the method that water hyacinth prepares amorphous silica, uses pulverizer It is ground into fine particle, is placed under sunlight and dries 6 days until dehydration;Dehydration water hyacinth is placed in Muffle furnace and is heated to 700 DEG C, High-temperature calcination 180min is cooled to room temperature (grey chemical component is shown in Table 2 after calcining);Add 150mL's in 5g water hyacinth ash 5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, the ash content that at the uniform velocity stirring 150min is generated at room temperature with pickling, removes a small amount of metal oxygen wherein contained Compound;Grey black after being centrifugated out pickling at 5000rpm is washed repeatedly with distilled water to neutrality;It is added by every 1g grey black Grey black is mixed with 1.2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, is at the uniform velocity stirred in 200 DEG C of oil baths by the ratio of 60mL sodium hydroxide solution Filtrate pH is adjusted to 5 with 6mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, is aged 30h at room temperature, white flock occur by 20h, the filtrate of vacuum filtration Precipitating filters, after distillation water washing, 10 hours dry at 80 DEG C, obtains white, amorphous silica solid particle;
Table 2: the main chemical compositions (wt%) of water hyacinth ash
XRD, FTIR characterization are carried out to amorphous silica manufactured in the present embodiment, the results showed that nothing manufactured in the present embodiment is fixed The XRD diffraction maximum position of shape silica and intensity with the diffraction maximum position of amorphous silica standard spectrogram and rheobase This coincide, and shows that substance manufactured in the present embodiment is amorphous silica;Amorphous silica manufactured in the present embodiment Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrogram is similar to Fig. 2 of embodiment 1, and the silica of preparation is tied with typical Si-O, Si-O-Si Structure further proves that the product synthesized is amorphous silica;Meanwhile the amorphous silica that the present embodiment is prepared Pictorial diagram is similar to Fig. 3 of embodiment 1, has the complexion feature of silica.
Embodiment 3: it is to take fresh water hyacinth 1kg using the method that water hyacinth prepares amorphous silica, uses pulverizer It is ground into fine particle, is placed under sunlight and dries 6 days until dehydration;Dehydration water hyacinth is placed in Muffle furnace and is heated to 500 DEG C, High-temperature calcination 350min is cooled to room temperature (grey chemical component is shown in Table 3 after calcining);Add 200mL's in 5g water hyacinth ash 5.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, the ash content that at the uniform velocity stirring 150min is generated at room temperature with pickling, removes a small amount of metal wherein contained Oxide;Grey black after being centrifugated out pickling at 5500rpm is washed repeatedly with distilled water to neutrality;Add by every 1g grey black Grey black is mixed with 1.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, is at the uniform velocity stirred in 300 DEG C of oil baths by the ratio for adding 40mL sodium hydroxide solution 12h is mixed, filtrate pH is adjusted to 7 with 6mol/L hydrochloric acid solution by the filtrate of vacuum filtration, is aged 40h at room temperature, white wadding occurs Shape precipitating filters, after distillation water washing, 9 hours dry at 90 DEG C, obtains white, amorphous silica solid particle;
Table 3: the main chemical compositions (wt%) of water hyacinth ash
XRD, FTIR characterization are carried out to amorphous silica manufactured in the present embodiment, the results showed that nothing manufactured in the present embodiment is fixed The XRD diffraction maximum position of shape silica and intensity with the diffraction maximum position of amorphous silica standard spectrogram and rheobase This coincide, and shows that substance manufactured in the present embodiment is amorphous silica;Amorphous silica manufactured in the present embodiment Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrogram is similar to Fig. 2 of embodiment 1, and the silica of preparation is tied with typical Si-O, Si-O-Si Structure further proves that the product synthesized is amorphous silica;Meanwhile the amorphous silica that the present embodiment is prepared Pictorial diagram is similar to Fig. 3 of embodiment 1, has the complexion feature of silica.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of method for preparing amorphous silica using water hyacinth, it is characterised in that: by fresh water hyacinth by pre- place Reason, after high-temperature calcination is cooled to room temperature at ash, mixes with hydrochloric acid solution, 120~180min is stirred at room temperature, and is centrifugated out solid Phase mixes with sodium hydroxide solution after distilling water washing to neutrality, mixture is placed in heating stirring in oil bath, filters, is filtering It is 5~7 that hydrochloric acid solution is added in liquid and adjusts pH;It is aged 24~48h at room temperature, white flock precipitate occurs, is filtered, washed and does Unbodied silica is obtained after dry.
2. the method according to claim 1 for preparing amorphous silica using water hyacinth, it is characterised in that: fresh water Cucurbit pretreatment is extremely dehydrated to crush with natural drying.
3. the method according to claim 1 for preparing amorphous silica using water hyacinth, it is characterised in that: calcining is 120~360min is handled at 500~700 DEG C.
4. the method according to claim 1 for preparing amorphous silica using water hyacinth, it is characterised in that: hydrochloric acid is molten The concentration of liquid is 5~6mol/L, adds hydrochloric acid solution in the ratio that every 1g water hyacinth ash adds 20~50mL.
5. the method according to claim 1 for preparing amorphous silica using water hyacinth, it is characterised in that: centrifugation turns Speed is 5000~6000rpm.
6. the method according to claim 1 for preparing amorphous silica using water hyacinth, it is characterised in that: hydroxide The concentration of sodium solution is 1.0~1.5mol/L, adds sodium hydroxide solution in the ratio that every 1g solid phase adds 40~60mL.
7. the method according to claim 1 for preparing amorphous silica using water hyacinth, it is characterised in that: in oil bath Heating stirring is 12~20h of stirring at 200~300 DEG C.
8. the method according to claim 1 for preparing amorphous silica using water hyacinth, it is characterised in that: dry temperature Degree is 80~100 DEG C, and the time is 8~10h.
CN201910367147.7A 2019-05-05 2019-05-05 A method of amorphous silica is prepared using water hyacinth Pending CN110078081A (en)

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