CN110076989B - Printing method of 3D printing device based on nonlinear focusing multi-partition exposure - Google Patents
Printing method of 3D printing device based on nonlinear focusing multi-partition exposure Download PDFInfo
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- CN110076989B CN110076989B CN201910429600.2A CN201910429600A CN110076989B CN 110076989 B CN110076989 B CN 110076989B CN 201910429600 A CN201910429600 A CN 201910429600A CN 110076989 B CN110076989 B CN 110076989B
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/214—Doctor blades
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/264—Arrangements for irradiation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a digital light processing 3D printing device and a method based on nonlinear focusing multiple partition exposure. The control motherboard controls the partitioned multi-exposure curing of the DLP projector. The device realizes the purposes of changing the focus of a light source and uniformly curing during exposure and curing by additionally arranging a high-resolution electric focusing mechanism. Meanwhile, the device can achieve the purposes of reducing shrinkage and improving the edge strength of parts by nonlinear focusing multi-partition exposure during solidification, thereby improving the molding quality. The invention mainly relates to a multi-exposure intelligent 3D printer for additive manufacturing, in particular to a projector capable of automatically and continuously zooming and exposing and a zoned multi-exposure function.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing (3D printing), and particularly relates to a digital light processing 3D printing device and method based on nonlinear focusing multi-partition exposure.
Background
Along with the development of additive technology, many scholars and engineers are further deeply researching printing methods, printing equipment and printing materials, and the development of industrial production is promoted. Taking an antenna housing applied in the field of aerospace as an example, the antenna housing has a structure which adopts a sandwich structure, and an outer layer is a thinner compact surface layer, so that the rain erosion resistance and the ablation resistance can be ensured, the core layer has higher porosity, low dielectric constant and reliable mechanical property, and the high wave transmittance of a broadband can be realized in a microwave or millimeter wave band while the core layer has good mechanical property and dielectric property. Although the conventional manufacturing processes such as injection molding, press molding, pressure molding, gel molding, cutting and the like are well established, these techniques cannot realize the manufacturing of such a sandwich structure. Products with obvious requirements for individualization, refinement, weight reduction or complexity in similar cases cannot be processed by the traditional manufacturing process. Therefore, developing a novel ceramic forming technology becomes a key for breaking through the application bottleneck of products.
The most mature FDM is most widely applied, and the selective laser sintering SLS and the digital light curing molding DLP are more material-research additive technologies. Since the DLP projector used in the DLP 3D printing apparatus needs to be turned on and off at a high frequency during the exposure molding process, the projector bulb and the circuit need a large current and a high voltage to achieve a preheating operation for a short time and a high frequency, resulting in a short lifetime of the projector bulb and a reduced projector accuracy. And when the bulb is replaced, the DLP projector is easy to damage, and a professional measuring instrument is needed for adjustment and correction. And traditional downward-lighting type 3D printer is because the projector is put down, so projection light source can appear light intensity inadequately after silo bottom plate and from the membrane, focus location is inaccurate and can only fix in a certain height, thereby can lead to the part shaping in-process to appear solidifying phenomenon such as inhomogeneous and influence part shaping precision. In addition, the general digital photo-curing molding 3D printing equipment can only be used for one-time whole slice image during curing, and the problems of edge warping, obvious shrinkage, low product edge curing precision and the like can be caused during curing molding of large-area parts.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, and provides a digital light processing 3D printing device and method for nonlinear focusing multi-partition exposure, which can reduce shrinkage and improve the edge strength of parts during curing so as to improve the molding quality.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a digital light processing 3D printing device based on nonlinear focusing multi-partition exposure, which comprises a projector, a scraper, a storage cylinder, a spreading driving system fixing frame, an X-axis linear guide rail, a servo motor, a rolling brush, a printing platform, a pressing plate, a square steel frame, an electric focusing motor, a planetary reducer, a motor retainer, a projector front support, an X-axis stepping motor, a ball screw mechanism, a Z-axis supporting plate, a servo motor retainer, an L-shaped rod, a grating ruler connecting plate, a projector rear support, a projector support connecting piece, a single-wire rod nut pair connecting frame, a grating ruler connecting block, a grating ruler reading head, a reading head fixing frame, a grooved concave scraper connecting block and a Z-axis linear guide rail, wherein the projector is used for solidifying and forming materials on a printing platform through ultraviolet light;
the printing platform, the Z-axis linear guide rail and the ball screw mechanism form a Z axis, the servo motor retainer is mechanically connected with the servo motor, and the Z-axis linear guide rail and the servo motor retainer are arranged on the Z-axis supporting plate; the grating ruler is mechanically connected with the grating ruler connecting block, and the grating ruler reading head is mechanically connected with the reading head fixing frame; the X-axis linear guide rail is fixed on the spreading driving system fixing frame, the X-axis stepping motor is fixed on the spreading driving system fixing frame, the rolling brush and the spreading driving system fixing frame form a revolute pair through small holes, the scraper is mechanically connected with the grooved concave scraper connecting block, one end of the L-shaped rod is mechanically connected with the grooved concave scraper connecting block, and the other end of the L-shaped rod is mechanically connected with the sliding block on the X-axis linear guide rail;
the X-axis linear guide rail, the spreading driving system fixing frame, the X-axis stepping motor, the scraper, the concave scraper connecting block with the groove and the L-shaped rod jointly form movement in the X-axis direction; the projector is fixed in the projector front support, the projector front support passes through projector support connecting piece and two pairs of bolt and nut mechanical connection with the projector rear support, projector front support and projector rear support lean on two protruding boards and its mechanical connection that contact with square steel frame, electric focusing system's focusing motor is installed at planetary reducer input, planetary reducer passes through the motor holder and installs on the projector rear support to realize the control to projector focusing light ring through the transmission of hold-in range, thereby the projector carries out multiple subregion exposure to the slice image according to slice image area and precision requirement when exposing solidification and realizes regional solidification, and the round brush plays the cleaning action through the friction with the scraper.
As an optimal technical scheme, the printing platform is mechanically connected with the Z-axis linear guide rail through a single screw-nut pair connecting frame; the Z-axis linear guide rail is mechanically connected with the ball screw mechanism through a single screw-nut pair connecting frame.
As a preferable technical scheme, the servo motor is connected with the ball screw mechanism through a coupler, and Z-axis movement is controlled by the servo motor.
As the preferable technical scheme, the grating ruler and the grating ruler connecting block are mechanically connected through the grating ruler connecting plate, and the grating ruler reading head and the reading head fixing frame are mechanically connected and fastened on the Z-axis supporting plate through threads to form a position feedback system.
As a preferable technical solution, the X-axis linear guide is configured as a double X-axis linear guide, and the double X-axis linear guide is arranged in parallel, and the Z-axis linear guide is configured as a double Z-axis linear guide, and the double Z-axis linear guide is arranged in parallel.
As an optimal technical scheme, the projector is fixed on the front projector bracket through threaded connection of 3 hoisting threaded holes on the surface of the projector and bolts.
As an optimal technical scheme, the focusing motor is arranged at the power input end of the planetary reducer matched with the focusing motor, and the planetary reducer is arranged at the position, close to the lens of the projector, of the rear bracket of the projector through the motor retainer.
As an optimal technical scheme, the focusing motor smoothly and accurately rotates after receiving a command of a control main board, and the angular displacement of the focusing motor is further subdivided by the planetary reducer and then transmitted to the synchronous wheel.
As an optimal technical scheme, the focusing aperture is connected with a synchronous wheel on a planetary reducer through a synchronous belt, and the planetary reducer further subdivides the rotary motion of the focusing motor and then drives the focusing aperture to rotate so as to realize the movement of the focus of the curing light source.
The invention discloses a printing method of a digital light processing 3D printing device based on nonlinear focusing multi-partition exposure, which comprises the following steps:
when printing, store the flowable printing material in the storage jar first, when the printing process spreads the material, the trough concave scraper connecting block of scraper is by L type pole owing to link to each other by the slider that is driven by the hold-in range, by X-axis step motor dragging, move from the position that keeps away from X-axis step motor towards the direction that is close to X-axis step motor and spread the liquid material on the print platform, afterwards, the scraper is back through print platform with the printing material to strickle, finish the spreading and strickle of printing material up so far, after above-mentioned scraper returns, electric focusing system will light source focus down to the solidification layer bottom, after the light source focus descends to solidification layer bottom the projecting apparatus projects ultraviolet ray solidification part edge, at solidification part edge while, electric focusing system will light source focus non-linear lifting to solidification layer upper surface, projector light intensity weakens and keeps certain light intensity after the light source focus lifting to solidification layer upper surface, afterwards, electric focusing system will light source focus down to solidification layer bottom, after the light source focus down to the solidification layer bottom the projecting apparatus increases, project strong filling solidification part inside, at the time when filling the inside, electric focusing system will not quench the light source focus, but the whole ultraviolet ray solidification layer is not be solidified, after that the whole projection is finished, the ultraviolet ray solidification layer is not quenched, the whole is cut off, the ultraviolet ray solidification layer is finished, the ultraviolet ray is cured and the ultraviolet ray is cured, the ultraviolet ray is cured and the ultraviolet ray is cured.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) The invention adopts a stepping servo motor to refine the stepping angle through a planetary reducer and then finely adjusts the aperture of the projector so as to achieve the purposes of automatic zooming exposure and uniform solidification, and simultaneously adopts a method that a slice of image is subjected to multiple exposure in regions according to the molding area and the precision requirement so as to achieve the purposes of reducing shrinkage, optimizing edges and improving the hardness of the edges of parts.
(2) The curing light source focus can be accurately moved by the control main board through the electric focusing system, so that the molding material can be uniformly irradiated and zoomed for exposure by the curing light source focus in the exposure and curing process, and the effect of being uniformly cured in each layer thickness is achieved; the curing mode avoids the problem that the curing quality of the material in one layer thickness cannot be ensured to be consistent due to the fact that the projection focus of the similar DLP 3D printing equipment can only be fixed on the upper surface of the printing material and the material below the upper surface is insufficient in curing light intensity and the effect of the curing sequence;
(3) Different areas of the printing material can be separately exposed, cured and repeatedly exposed in the single-layer curing process, and the outer edge is utilized to be firstly cured, the inner part is cured and finally the whole surface is reinforced to be cured, so that the beneficial effects of improving the edge forming quality and reducing the edge warping are achieved.
(4) The DLP projector light source weakens and maintains the light intensity of the projector by adjusting the light intensity of the projector in the whole exposure curing forming process, namely, the light intensity of the projector is weakened and maintained in the period from the end of exposure curing of one curing layer to the beginning of exposure curing of the other curing layer, so that the projector bulb is prevented from being continuously preheated by high current and high voltage due to frequent opening and closing, the practical service life of the projector is prolonged, the later maintenance cost of equipment is reduced, and the stability of the equipment is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a 3D printing device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a zoned continuous multiple exposure molding system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a single-layer zoned continuous multiple exposure curing process according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a projector assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a projector assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an axial view of a ceramic seal ring of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a partitioned multiple exposure process according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of the automatic zoom of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a front view of the Z-axis closed-loop control movement system of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
the projector comprises a projector, a scraper, a storage cylinder, a spreading driving system fixing frame, an X-axis linear guide rail, a servo motor, a rolling brush, a printing platform, a pressing plate, a square steel frame, a focusing motor, a planetary reducer, a motor retainer, a front projector support, an X-axis stepping motor, a ball screw mechanism, a Z-axis supporting plate, a servo motor retainer, an L-shaped rod, a grating ruler connecting plate, a rear projector support, a projector support connecting piece, a single-wire rod nut pair connecting frame, a grating ruler connecting block, a grating ruler reading head, a groove-shaped concave scraper connecting block and a Z-axis linear guide rail.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the invention relates to a digital light processing 3D printing device based on zonal continuous multiple exposure, which comprises a projector 1, a scraper 2, a storage cylinder 3, a spreading driving system fixing frame 4, an X-axis linear guide 5, a servo motor 6, a rolling brush 7, a printing platform 8, a material pressing plate 9, a square steel frame 10, a focusing motor 11, a planetary reducer 12, a motor retainer 13, a projector front bracket 14, an X-axis stepping motor 15, a ball screw mechanism 16, a Z-axis supporting plate 17, a servo motor retainer 18, an L-shaped rod 19, a grating ruler connecting plate 20, a projector rear bracket 21, a projector bracket connecting piece 22, a single-rod nut auxiliary connecting frame 23, a grating ruler 21, a grating ruler connecting block 25, a grating ruler reading head 26, a reading head fixing frame 27, a groove concave scraper connecting block 28 and a Z-axis linear guide 29; the X-axis linear guide 5 is configured as a double X-axis linear guide, and the double X-axis linear guides are arranged in parallel, and the Z-axis linear guide 29 is configured as a double Z-axis linear guide, and the double Z-axis linear guides are arranged in parallel. The projector 1 is characterized in that a material on a printing platform 8 is solidified and molded through ultraviolet light, a Z-axis supporting plate 17 is mechanically connected and fixed on a square steel frame 10, the printing platform 8 and a Z-axis linear guide rail 29 are mechanically connected through a single screw nut auxiliary connecting frame 23, a parallel Z-axis linear guide rail 29 and a ball screw cylinder mechanism 16 are mechanically connected through a single screw nut auxiliary connecting frame 23, the printing platform 8, the single screw nut auxiliary connecting frame 23, the Z-axis linear guide rail 29 and the ball screw mechanism 16 form a Z-axis motion system, a servo motor retainer 18 is mechanically connected with a servo motor 6, the Z-axis linear guide rail and the servo motor retainer 18 are arranged on the Z-axis supporting plate 17 through screw nuts (as shown in fig. 9), the servo motor 6 and the ball screw mechanism 16 are connected through a coupling, a Z-axis moving is formed through control of the servo motor 6, a grating ruler 24 and a grating ruler connecting block 25 are mechanically connected through a grating ruler connecting plate 20, a grating ruler reading head 26 and a reading head fixing frame 27 are mechanically connected and fastened on the Z-axis supporting plate 17 through threads to form a position feedback system; the two parallel X-axis linear guide rails 5 are fixed on the spreading driving system fixing frame 4, the X-axis stepping motor 15 is fixed on the spreading driving system fixing frame 14, the rolling brush 7 forms a revolute pair on the spreading driving system fixing frame 4 through small holes, the scraper 2 is mechanically connected with the grooved concave scraper connecting block 28, the level can be regulated through an adjusting spring arranged between the scraper 2 and the grooved concave scraper connecting block 28, the L-shaped rod 19 is mechanically connected with a sliding block on the X-axis linear guide rails 5, and the parallel X-axis linear guide rails 5, the spreading driving system fixing frame 4, the X-axis stepping motor 15, the scraper 2, the grooved concave scraper connecting block 28 and the L-shaped rod 19 jointly form a moving mechanism in the X-axis direction; the projector 1 is fixed on the projector front support 14 through the threaded connection of 3 hoisting threaded holes and bolts on the surface of the projector front support 14, the projector front support 14 and the projector rear support 21 are mechanically connected with two pairs of bolt nuts through a projector support connecting piece 22 (shown in fig. 4), the projector front support 14 and the projector rear support 21 are mechanically connected with the projector front support through two protruding plates contacted with the square steel frame 10, an electric projector assembly with an electric focusing system and a Z-axis moving mechanism form a nonlinear focusing multi-partition exposure system (shown in fig. 2), the storage cylinder 3 is mechanically connected with the storage cylinder through two protruding plates contacted with the square steel frame 10, a focusing motor 11 for realizing electric focusing is mechanically connected with the power input end of a planetary reducer 12, the planetary reducer 12 is arranged on the projector rear support 21 through a motor retainer 13, and the aperture of the projector 1 is controlled through the transmission of a synchronous belt (shown in fig. 5).
The focusing motor is arranged at the power input end of the planetary speed reducer through the motor retainer, the planetary speed reducer is mechanically arranged at one side close to the focusing aperture of the DLP projector through the motor retainer, the focusing aperture is connected with the output end of the planetary speed reducer through the synchronous belt and the synchronous wheel device, the stepping servo motor can stably and accurately rotate after receiving pulse signals of the control main board, and the angular displacement of the stepping servo motor is further subdivided through the planetary speed reducer and then is transmitted to the focusing aperture of the projector, so that the aim of automatically fine-adjusting the focal length of the control main board during exposure and solidification is achieved.
When the DLP projector is used for exposing and curing the molding material, different areas of the slice image are sequentially cured according to the area and precision requirements of the slice image during exposure and curing, and the nonlinear multi-partition exposure flow curing process is shown as a figure 3, namely the problems that the molding material is obviously contracted, edge warpage is serious and the like due to large molding area during exposure are avoided in a mode of exposing each slice of multi-partition.
When the DLP projector is used for exposing and curing a molding material, the light intensity of the projector is regulated, namely, the light intensity of the projector is enhanced when the curing material is exposed, and when the exposure and the curing of one curing layer are finished and the exposure and the curing of the other curing layer are started, the light intensity of the projector is weakened and kept, so that the projector bulb is prevented from being frequently started and closed and continuously receiving high current and high voltage to be preheated, and the purposes of prolonging the practical service life of the projector, reducing the later maintenance cost of equipment and improving the stability of the equipment are achieved.
Before printing, CAD software such as solidworks, UG and the like can be adopted to design a digital model according to the use requirement, the digital model is stored as a file with an STL suffix, and the file is imported into slicing software such as creating workshop and the like to be subjected to multiple exposure curing sequence, slicing layer thickness, printing speed, platform safety height, scraper speed and the like, and then slicing processing is carried out. The print code generated after slicing can be connected with a printer control main board for printing.
Further, during printing, resin and the like are used as carriers to contain solid powder to form a printing material with certain fluidity, the printing material is stored in the storage cylinder 3 before printing, when the printing material is paved, the grooved concave scraper connecting block 28 of the scraper 2 is dragged by the X-axis stepping motor 15 due to connection with the sliding block driven by the synchronous belt, the liquid material is paved on the printing platform by moving from a position far away from the X-axis stepping motor towards a direction close to the X-axis stepping motor, after that, the scraper reversely passes through the printing platform to scrape the printing material, so that the paving and the scraping of the printing material are completed, and after the scraper returns, the projector 1 sequentially exposes the printing material on the printing platform in regions according to image data of slicing software.
Take a ceramic seal ring (as shown in fig. 4) as an example. The inner and outer edges of the film are required to be assembled, so that the film cannot accept the defects of edge warping, serious shrinkage and the like, and the partitioned multiple exposure process is shown in fig. 5. Specifically, when each image area is exposed and cured, the stepping servo motor with high positioning precision and high static torque stably and accurately rotates after receiving the pulse signal of the control main board, the angular displacement of the stepping servo motor is further subdivided by the stepping speed reducer and then is connected with the focusing aperture of the projector through the synchronous belt and the synchronous wheel device, and the electric focusing system drives the focusing aperture to rotate after receiving the pulse signal of the control main board, so that the movement of the focus of the curing light source is realized. Taking exposure curing of one layer of the ceramic sealing ring as an example, when curing a layer of printing material, the zoned multi-exposure curing flow is shown in fig. 3, the multi-zoned exposure curing sequence is shown in fig. 7, the leftmost part is an original graph, and the processing of exposure curing edges, exposure filling the interior and overall reinforcement exposure is sequentially carried out; the relation between the displacement of the focus of the curing light source in the Z-axis direction and the time is shown in fig. 8, wherein the left part of fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a formed zero single slice, and the right part is a schematic diagram of the height of the focus of the light source and the exposure time. After the solidification of one layer of printing material is completed, on the Z axis, the Z axis motion system mechanically connected with the printing platform 8 realizes the downward movement of the printing platform through the closed-loop control of the servo motor 6, so that a space is provided for the laying of the next layer of printing material, and the period of one printing layer thickness is completed.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The printing method of the digital light processing 3D printing device based on nonlinear focusing multi-partition exposure is characterized in that the device comprises a projector (1), a scraper (2), a storage cylinder (3), a spreading driving system fixing frame (4), an X-axis linear guide rail (5), a servo motor (6), a rolling brush (7), a printing platform (8), a material pressing plate (9), a square steel frame (10), an electric focusing motor (11), a planetary reducer (12), a motor holder (13), a projector front support (14), an X-axis stepping motor (15), a ball screw mechanism (16), a Z-axis supporting plate (17), a servo motor holder (18), an L-shaped rod (19), a grating ruler connecting plate (20), a projector rear support (21), a projector support connecting piece (22), a single-rod nut auxiliary connecting frame (23), a grating ruler (24), a grating ruler connecting block (25), a grating ruler reading head (26), a reading head fixing frame (27), a groove concave connecting block (28) and a Z-axis linear guide rail (29), wherein the projector (1) is fixedly connected with the square steel frame (10) through a Z-axis forming material (17) on the printing platform (8) by solidifying the ultraviolet light, the printing platform (8) is mechanically connected with the X-axis linear guide rail (5), and the Z-axis linear guide rail (29) is mechanically connected with the ball screw mechanism (16);
the printing platform (8), the Z-axis linear guide rail (29) and the ball screw mechanism (16) form a Z axis, the servo motor retainer (18) is mechanically connected with the servo motor (6), and the Z-axis linear guide rail (29) and the servo motor retainer (18) are arranged on the Z-axis supporting plate (17); the grating ruler (24) is mechanically connected with the grating ruler connecting block (25), and the grating ruler reading head (26) is mechanically connected with the reading head fixing frame (27); the X-axis linear guide rail (5) is fixed on the spreading driving system fixing frame (4), the X-axis stepping motor (15) is fixed on the spreading driving system fixing frame (4), the rolling brush (7) and the spreading driving system fixing frame (4) form a revolute pair through small holes, the scraper (2) is mechanically connected with the grooved concave scraper connecting block (28), one end of the L-shaped rod (19) is mechanically connected with the grooved concave scraper connecting block (28), and the other end of the L-shaped rod is mechanically connected with the sliding block on the X-axis linear guide rail (5);
the X-axis linear guide rail (5), the spreading driving system fixing frame (4), the X-axis stepping motor (15), the scraper (2), the concave scraper connecting block (28) with the groove and the L-shaped rod (19) jointly form movement in the X-axis direction; the projector (1) is fixed on a projector front support (14), the projector front support (14) and a projector rear support (21) are mechanically connected with two pairs of bolts and nuts through a projector support connecting piece (22), the projector front support (14) and the projector rear support (21) are mechanically connected with each other through two protruding plates which are in contact with a square steel frame (10), a focusing motor (11) is arranged at the input end of a planetary reducer (12), the planetary reducer (12) is arranged on the projector rear support (21) through a motor retainer (13), the control of a focusing aperture of the projector (1) is realized through the transmission of a synchronous belt, the projector (1) performs multi-partition exposure on a slice image according to the area and precision requirements of a slice image during exposure and solidification, and a rolling brush (7) performs a cleaning function through the friction action with a scraper (2);
the printing method comprises the following steps:
during printing, the flowable printing material is firstly stored in a storage cylinder (3), when the printing process is carried out, a groove-type concave scraper connecting block (28) of a scraper (2) is connected with a sliding block driven by a synchronous belt by an L-shaped rod (19), the groove-type concave scraper connecting block is dragged by an X-axis stepping motor (15), the liquid material is paved on a printing platform from a position far away from the X-axis stepping motor to a direction close to the X-axis stepping motor, after that, the scraper is reversely scraped to level the printing material through the printing platform, the printing material is paved and scraped to be level, after the scraper returns, an electric focusing system downwards adjusts a light source focus to the bottom of a curing layer, after the light source focus is lowered to the bottom of the curing layer, the projector (1) projects an ultraviolet light curing part, and simultaneously, the electric focusing system is lifted to the upper surface of the curing layer by non-linearly, the light source focus is lifted to the upper surface of the curing layer after the light source focus is lifted to the upper surface of the curing layer, the light intensity is weakened and kept at a certain light intensity, after that, the electric focusing system downwards adjusts the light source focus to the bottom of the curing layer, after the light source focus is reversely passes through the printing platform to scrape the printing material, the printing material is completely and the printing material is completely scraped, after the light source focus is completely reaches the bottom of the ultraviolet light curing layer, the ultraviolet light curing part is completely filled, and after the ultraviolet light is completely filled, and the ultraviolet light curing part is completely filled.
2. Printing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the printing platform (8) is mechanically connected with the Z-axis linear guide (29) by means of a single screw nut pair connection frame (23); the Z-axis linear guide rail (29) is mechanically connected with the ball screw mechanism (16) through a single-wire rod nut pair connecting frame (23).
3. Printing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the servo motor (6) is coupled to the ball screw mechanism (16) by means of a coupling, by means of a controlled Z-axis movement of the servo motor (6).
4. Printing method according to claim 1, wherein the grating scale (24) is mechanically connected to the grating scale connection block (25) via a grating scale connection block (20), and the grating scale reading head (26) is mechanically connected to the reading head fixing frame (27) and is screwed to the Z-axis support plate (17) to form a position feedback system.
5. The printing method according to claim 1, wherein the X-axis linear guide (5) is configured as a double X-axis linear guide and the double X-axis linear guides are juxtaposed, and the Z-axis linear guide (29) is configured as a double Z-axis linear guide and the double Z-axis linear guides are juxtaposed.
6. Printing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the projector (1) is fixed to the projector front mount (14) by means of a threaded connection of its surface with a bolt through 3 hoisting threaded holes.
7. The printing method according to claim 1, wherein the focusing motor (11) is arranged at the power input end of a planetary reducer (12) matched with the focusing motor, and the planetary reducer (12) is arranged at the position, close to a projector lens, of a rear projector bracket through a motor retainer (13).
8. A printing method according to claim 1, wherein the focusing motor (11) is rotated smoothly and precisely upon receiving a command from the control main board, and the angular displacement thereof is further subdivided by the planetary reducer and transmitted to the synchronizing wheel.
9. The printing method according to claim 1, wherein the focusing aperture is connected with a synchronous wheel on a planetary reducer through a synchronous belt, and the planetary reducer further subdivides the rotary motion of the focusing motor to drive the focusing aperture to rotate, so as to realize the movement of the focus of the curing light source.
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