CN110076592B - Clamping device for turning small part with clamping prevention function - Google Patents

Clamping device for turning small part with clamping prevention function Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110076592B
CN110076592B CN201910434062.6A CN201910434062A CN110076592B CN 110076592 B CN110076592 B CN 110076592B CN 201910434062 A CN201910434062 A CN 201910434062A CN 110076592 B CN110076592 B CN 110076592B
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China
Prior art keywords
reversing valve
thimble
air
cylinder
clamping
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CN201910434062.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110076592A (en
Inventor
徐树存
臧扬
王耀祖
秦钧
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Pacific Precision Powertrain Co ltd
Jiangsu Pacific Precision Forging Co Ltd
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Pacific Precision Powertrain Co ltd
Jiangsu Pacific Precision Forging Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910434062.6A priority Critical patent/CN110076592B/en
Publication of CN110076592A publication Critical patent/CN110076592A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q2703/00Work clamping
    • B23Q2703/02Work clamping means
    • B23Q2703/04Work clamping means using fluid means or a vacuum
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of numerically-controlled machine tool accessories, and particularly relates to a clamping device for turning small parts, which is capable of preventing clamping hands, and the clamping device comprises a pneumatic tailstock, a pneumatic control system and an air gun, wherein the pneumatic tailstock comprises a tailstock, an air cylinder and a thimble, the thimble is connected with a piston rod of the air cylinder through a connecting shaft arranged in the tailstock in a sliding manner, a clamp is fixedly arranged on a lathe spindle, and the lathe spindle, the clamp and the thimble are coaxially arranged in sequence; the pneumatic control system comprises a first reversing valve, the first reversing valve is used for controlling the piston rod to move close to or away from the clamp, a one-way throttle valve is connected between the first reversing valve and the cylinder, the air gun is connected with the first reversing valve through a second reversing valve, and a pressure relay is connected to the cylinder and is electrically connected with the second reversing valve. The beneficial effects are that: the clamping device achieves the sequential actions of initially positioning the workpiece, loosening the left hand and then clamping the workpiece by the thimble, and thoroughly eliminates the risk of the thimble clamping fingers.

Description

Clamping device for turning small part with clamping prevention function
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of numerically-controlled machine tool accessories, and particularly relates to a clamping device for turning small parts, which is capable of preventing clamping hands.
Background
The automation degree of the numerical control machine tool is relatively high, and in order to achieve the purpose of rapid clamping, a matched tailstock is usually driven pneumatically or hydraulically. However, the machine tool is not necessarily matched with an automatic feeding mechanism, for example, a simple numerical control lathe of a single plate type uses tailstock ejector pins to clamp a workpiece, an operator is required to hold the workpiece by hand before pushing the workpiece, and the machine tool is not difficult to manually feed parts with larger diameters and slender shaft parts and is safe to operate. If the diameter and the length of the part are relatively smaller, the hand-held part is close to the top part of the part, and once an operator carelessly or fatigues, the operator is easy to take a vicious accident that the finger is clamped, so that loss and injury are caused to companies and individuals. The safety accident happens many times in the past, and workshops also take precautions against the safety accident, but basically the safety accident mainly comprises strengthening training and requires staff to improve the attention, but the safety accident has poor effect, and people have negligence. Therefore, a new clamping scheme aiming at turning small parts needs to be formulated, so that the influence factors of people are reduced, and the safety risk is reduced.
The company is improved against the risk and realizes a certain application, and the two patent documents are described as follows:
The patent document with the patent number of CN207255270U provides a pneumatic tailstock error proofing device, which specifically discloses a pneumatic tailstock error proofing device which is used for stopping the ejection of a pneumatic tailstock and ensuring the safety of operators and the safety of equipment by closing an electromagnetic valve after receiving a signal through a photoelectric switch and blocking gas from entering a tailstock cylinder. In terms of application, the cost of the photoelectric device, particularly the grating, is high, the photoelectric element is easy to deviate from a control point and damage due to the vibration of a machine tool, and the control effect is easy to lose efficacy. The photoelectric element is a wearing part and has high maintenance cost.
The patent document with the patent number of CN108941631A provides a hand clamping prevention lathe motor tailstock, which specifically discloses the hand clamping prevention tailstock which consists of a motor tailstock, a pneumatic control system and a spring center. The step-by-step propping structure is adopted, the ball end of the outer sleeve is firstly contacted with the workpiece, the axial stress of the spring is only 1-2N during initial contact, and the compression amount of the spring is 18-22 mm, and if the ball end of the outer sleeve is pressed to the finger, the finger is also lighter. And secondly, formally pressing the workpiece after the workpiece is initially contacted. From the current application effect, the safety effect of preventing the clamping hand is good. The step clamping device is adopted, so that the time for clamping the workpiece is delayed, and the machining efficiency is affected to a certain extent; meanwhile, the machine tool is reformed at a certain cost, and in addition, the compression spring is compressed continuously and is easy to fail. In a word, the risk of clamping fingers by the ejector pins cannot be fundamentally eradicated by the patent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a clamping device for turning small parts, which is used for preventing clamping hands and is simple in structure, easy to manufacture and safe to use, and the risk of clamping fingers can be radically avoided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the clamping device for turning small parts with the anti-pinch function comprises a pneumatic tail frame, a pneumatic control system and an air gun, wherein the pneumatic tail frame comprises a tail frame, a cylinder and a thimble, the thimble is connected with a piston rod of the cylinder through a connecting shaft arranged in the tail frame in a sliding manner, a clamp is fixedly arranged on a lathe spindle, and the lathe spindle, the clamp and the thimble are coaxially arranged in sequence;
the pneumatic control system comprises a first reversing valve, the first reversing valve is used for controlling the piston rod to move close to or away from the clamp, a one-way throttle valve is connected between the first reversing valve and the cylinder, the air gun is connected with the first reversing valve through a second reversing valve, and a pressure relay is connected to the cylinder and is electrically connected with the second reversing valve.
Preferably, a fixing frame is fixedly arranged on the lathe, and the air gun is fixedly arranged on the fixing frame. The air gun can be clamped on the fixing frame, so that the air gun is convenient to place, the uniformity of the working environment of the clamping device is improved, the on-site operation is convenient, and the operation safety is improved.
Preferably, the air gun is a serpentine metal hose. The air gun is a serpentine metal hose with adjustable shape and moderate rigidity and flexibility; before the workpiece to be processed is replaced each time, the metal hose can be manually bent, and the blowing position and the blowing angle are adjusted, so that the air gun directly blows the workpiece, the control and the adjustment of the blowing direction of the air gun are facilitated, and the optimal effect of initially positioning the workpiece by air flow is achieved.
Preferably, the cylinder comprises a first piston cavity and a second piston cavity which are positioned at two sides of the piston, and when the piston moves towards the first piston cavity, the piston rod moves close to the clamp; the first reversing valve is a two-position four-way manual reversing valve, a working port A of the first reversing valve is communicated with the first piston cavity, a working port B of the first reversing valve is communicated with the second piston cavity, an air inlet T of the first reversing valve is communicated with compressed air, an air outlet P of the first reversing valve is communicated with the atmosphere, and the one-way throttle valve and the second reversing valve are respectively communicated with the working port B of the first reversing valve.
Further, the second reversing valve is a two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve, a working port A of the second reversing valve is communicated with the air gun, and an air inlet T of the second reversing valve is communicated with a working port B of the first reversing valve.
The beneficial effects are that: according to the clamping device for turning small parts, which is capable of preventing clamping hands, compressed air is simultaneously divided into two paths through the working port B of the first reversing valve: one path is as follows: the workpiece enters an air gun through a second reversing valve, the air gun is taken up by the right hand at the moment, the workpiece is directly blown by compressed gas, and the left hand is loosened after the workpiece is positioned initially; the other path is as follows: and the piston enters a second piston cavity of the air cylinder through the one-way throttle valve to push the piston to move towards the first piston cavity, and meanwhile, the piston rod drives the thimble to move close to the clamp until the thimble abuts against the workpiece. Because of the effect of the one-way throttle valve, the moving speed of the piston rod is limited, the time for clamping the workpiece by the thimble is delayed by 2-3 seconds compared with the time for directly blowing the workpiece by the air gun, at the moment, the left hand is loosened to separate from the workpiece, the aim of sequential actions of initially positioning the workpiece, and then clamping the workpiece by the thimble after loosening the left hand is fulfilled, and the risk of clamping fingers by the thimble can be thoroughly eliminated; the clamping device is simple in structure, easy to manufacture without modifying a machine tool, low in cost and safe and convenient to use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a clamping device for turning small parts against clamping hands according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic control system of the clamping device for turning small parts, which is used for preventing clamping hands;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working state of an air gun of the clamping device for turning small parts, which is used for preventing clamping hands;
the direction of the arrows in fig. 3 indicate the direction of the jet air flow;
In the figure: 11. tailstock, 12, cylinder, 121, piston, 122, first piston cavity, 123, second piston cavity, 124, piston rod, 13, thimble, 14, connecting axle, 21, first reversing valve, 22, second reversing valve, 23, pressure relay, 24, one-way throttle valve, 31, air gun, 32, fixing frame, 4, lathe spindle, 5, clamp, 6, flange, 7, work piece; the point O is the fulcrum of the clamp, and the point G is the gravity center of the workpiece.
Detailed Description
Examples
As shown in fig. 1-3, a clamping device for turning small parts with clamping prevention comprises a pneumatic tailstock, a pneumatic control system and an air gun 31, wherein the pneumatic tailstock comprises a tailstock 11, an air cylinder 12 and a thimble 13, the tailstock 11 is fixedly arranged on a lathe base, the air cylinder 12 is arranged on the tailstock 11 through a fastener, the thimble 13 is connected with a piston rod 124 of the air cylinder 12 through a connecting shaft 14 arranged in the tailstock 11 in a sliding manner, a clamp 5 is fixedly arranged on a lathe spindle 4 through a flange 6, the lathe spindle 4, the clamp 5 and the thimble 13 are coaxially arranged in sequence, and the distance between the propping ends of the clamp 5 and the thimble 13 when in the propping position is equal to the width of a workpiece 7; the cylinder 12 comprises a first piston cavity 122 and a second piston cavity 123 positioned at two sides of the piston 121, and when the piston 121 moves towards the first piston cavity 122, the piston rod 124 moves close to the clamp 5;
As shown in fig. 2, the pneumatic control system comprises a first reversing valve 21, the first reversing valve 21 is used for controlling a piston rod 124 to move close to or away from the clamp 5, a one-way throttle valve 24 is connected between the first reversing valve 21 and the cylinder 12, the air gun 31 is connected with the first reversing valve 21 through a second reversing valve 22, a pressure relay 23 is connected to the cylinder 12, and the pressure relay 23 is electrically connected with the second reversing valve 22; specifically, the first reversing valve 21 is a two-position four-way manual reversing valve, the first reversing valve 21 is fixedly arranged on the tailstock 11, a working port a of the first reversing valve 21 is communicated with the first piston cavity 122, a working port B of the first reversing valve 21 is communicated with the second piston cavity 123, an air inlet T of the first reversing valve 21 is communicated with compressed air, an air outlet P of the first reversing valve 21 is communicated with the atmosphere, and the one-way throttle valve 24 and the second reversing valve 22 are respectively communicated with the working port B of the first reversing valve 21; the second reversing valve 22 is a two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve, a working port A of the second reversing valve 22 is communicated with the air gun 31, and an air inlet T of the second reversing valve 22 is communicated with a working port B of the first reversing valve 21.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to control and adjust the blowing direction of the air gun 31, the air gun 31 is a serpentine metal hose; in order to facilitate the placement of the air gun 31, a fixing frame 32 is fixedly arranged on a lathe, the air gun 31 is fixedly arranged on the fixing frame 32, the air gun 31 can be clamped on the fixing frame 32, the air blowing direction of the air gun 31 is adjusted by bending the air gun 31, the uniformity of the working environment of the clamping device is improved, the field operation is facilitated, and the operation safety is improved.
As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the workpiece 7 to be clamped is exemplified by a bevel gear of a differential mechanism, according to the lever principle, the fulcrum is below the tooth-shaped clamp 5, the center of gravity is at the center of the workpiece 7, and if the workpiece 7 is installed in the clamp 5 and released by hand, the workpiece 7 can turn down with the fulcrum as a support to drop. As shown in fig. 3, the point O is the fulcrum of the fixture, the point G is the center of gravity of the workpiece 7, the direction of the arrow indicates the direction of the jet air flow, and the jet air flow should blow directly on the upper right side of the workpiece 7 according to the force arm principle, so as to achieve the effect of optimally clamping the workpiece 7.
The working principle is as follows:
1. and (3) feeding:
① The direction of air injection of the air gun 31 is adjusted in advance according to the bending of the workpiece 7 to be clamped, as shown in fig. 1 and 3;
② After sundries such as scrap iron and the like on the clamp 5 are cleaned, the workpiece 7 is held by the left hand and is arranged on the clamp 5;
③ Pushing the first reversing valve 21 leftwards by the right hand, switching on compressed air by the left position of the first reversing valve 21, and dividing the compressed air into two paths through a working port B of the first reversing valve 21: one path is as follows: the workpiece 7 enters an air gun 31 through a second reversing valve 22, and the air gun 31 directly blows the upper right side of the workpiece 7 by compressed air, so that the workpiece 7 is opened by a left hand after the initial positioning is realized; the other path is as follows: enters a second piston cavity 123 of the air cylinder 12 through the one-way throttle valve 24, pushes the piston 121 to move towards the first piston cavity 122, and simultaneously, the piston rod 124 drives the thimble 13 to move close to the clamp 5 until the thimble 13 abuts against the workpiece 7. Because of the action of the one-way throttle valve 24, the moving speed of the piston rod 124 is limited, so that the time for clamping the workpiece 7 by the thimble 13 is 2-3 seconds longer than the time for directly blowing the workpiece 7 by the air gun 31 (the time delay time can be controlled by adjusting the opening of the one-way throttle valve 24), at the moment, the left hand is loosened to separate from the workpiece 7, the aim of sequential actions of firstly initially positioning the workpiece 7 and then clamping the workpiece 7 by the thimble 13 after the left hand is loosened is fulfilled, and the risk of clamping fingers by the thimble 13 can be thoroughly avoided;
2. the processing process comprises the following steps:
④ The left hand presses the start switch of the lathe spindle 4, the lathe spindle 4 starts to rotate, and the workpiece 7 is turned. At this time, the pressure of the second piston cavity 123 of the air cylinder 12 rises to the pressure relay 23 to act, the pressure relay 23 controls the second reversing valve 22 to be electrified to start reversing, and the second electromagnetic valve controls the air gun 31 to stop air injection;
3. and (3) discharging:
⑤ And stopping the lathe spindle 4 after the machining is finished. The workpiece 7 is pressed by the left hand, the first reversing valve 21 is pushed by the right hand to the right, compressed air is communicated with the right position of the first reversing valve 21, the compressed air enters the first piston cavity 122 of the air cylinder 12 through the working port A of the first reversing valve 21, the piston 121 is pushed to move towards the second piston cavity 123, meanwhile, the piston rod 124 drives the thimble 13 to move away from the clamp 5 and returns to the original position, and the second piston cavity 123 of the air cylinder 12 is communicated with the atmosphere from the air outlet P of the first reversing valve 21 through the one-way throttle valve 24. At this time, the workpiece 7 can be removed by the left hand, and the processing of the workpiece 7 is completed. Step ②~⑤ is repeated to complete the batch of workpieces 7.

Claims (1)

1. Clamping device of turning small part of tong is prevented to its characterized in that: the pneumatic tail frame comprises a tail frame (11), an air cylinder (12) and a thimble (13), wherein the thimble (13) is connected with a piston rod (124) of the air cylinder (12) through a connecting shaft (14) arranged in the tail frame (11) in a sliding manner, a fixture (5) is fixedly arranged on a lathe spindle (4), and the lathe spindle (4), the fixture (5) and the thimble (13) are coaxially arranged in sequence;
the pneumatic control system comprises a first reversing valve (21), wherein the first reversing valve (21) is used for controlling a piston rod (124) to move close to or away from a clamp (5), a one-way throttle valve (24) is connected between the first reversing valve (21) and a cylinder (12), the air gun (31) is connected with the first reversing valve (21) through a second reversing valve (22), a pressure relay (23) is connected to the cylinder (12), and the pressure relay (23) is electrically connected with the second reversing valve (22);
a fixed frame (32) is fixedly arranged on the lathe, and the air gun (31) is fixedly arranged on the fixed frame (32);
The air gun (31) is a serpentine metal hose;
The cylinder (12) comprises a first piston cavity (122) and a second piston cavity (123) which are positioned at two sides of the piston (121), and when the piston (121) moves towards the first piston cavity (122), the piston rod (124) moves close to the clamp (5); the first reversing valve (21) is a two-position four-way manual reversing valve, a working port A of the first reversing valve (21) is communicated with the first piston cavity (122), a working port B of the first reversing valve (21) is communicated with the second piston cavity (123), an air inlet T of the first reversing valve (21) is communicated with compressed air, an air outlet P of the first reversing valve (21) is communicated with the atmosphere, and the one-way throttle valve (24) and the second reversing valve (22) are respectively communicated with the working port B of the first reversing valve (21);
The second reversing valve (22) is a two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve, a working port A of the second reversing valve (22) is communicated with the air gun (31), and an air inlet T of the second reversing valve (22) is communicated with a working port B of the first reversing valve (21).
CN201910434062.6A 2019-05-23 2019-05-23 Clamping device for turning small part with clamping prevention function Active CN110076592B (en)

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CN110076592B true CN110076592B (en) 2024-05-03

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112476093B (en) * 2020-10-30 2023-11-03 杭州腾凯门窗有限公司 Aluminum alloy repairing device utilizing negative pressure cyclone effect

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB189520535A (en) * 1895-10-31 1896-10-31 Frederick Ingham A Chuck for HOlding Glasses for Watches or Clocks.
GB575923A (en) * 1944-09-01 1946-03-11 Claude Spencer Harris Improvements in and relating to vacuum chucks or work holders
US5445052A (en) * 1994-01-06 1995-08-29 Nichols, Jr.; John D. Vacuum chuck for lathe
JP2012179699A (en) * 2011-03-02 2012-09-20 Yamagishi Seisakusho:Kk Device and method of holding workpiece
CN203171311U (en) * 2013-03-29 2013-09-04 中国海洋石油总公司 Clamping tool for petroleum casing joint
CN105171018A (en) * 2015-07-14 2015-12-23 西北轴承股份有限公司 Tiger tooth rapid clamping device of sheet part of common lathe
CN205703415U (en) * 2016-02-22 2016-11-23 江苏博尚智能装备有限公司 The blank processing clamping device of turning steel ball Full-automatic numerical-control lathe
CN206912697U (en) * 2017-01-24 2018-01-23 河南雅利安新材料有限公司 A kind of lathe fixture for processing shape for hat carborundum button
CN208358350U (en) * 2018-04-28 2019-01-11 四川都江机械有限责任公司 A kind of rear axle case Excircle machining clamps
CN208847675U (en) * 2018-09-26 2019-05-10 重庆同朗机械有限公司 A kind of crankshaft ray detector
CN209936374U (en) * 2019-05-23 2020-01-14 江苏太平洋齿轮传动有限公司 Clamping device for turning small parts capable of preventing hands from being clamped

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB189520535A (en) * 1895-10-31 1896-10-31 Frederick Ingham A Chuck for HOlding Glasses for Watches or Clocks.
GB575923A (en) * 1944-09-01 1946-03-11 Claude Spencer Harris Improvements in and relating to vacuum chucks or work holders
US5445052A (en) * 1994-01-06 1995-08-29 Nichols, Jr.; John D. Vacuum chuck for lathe
JP2012179699A (en) * 2011-03-02 2012-09-20 Yamagishi Seisakusho:Kk Device and method of holding workpiece
CN203171311U (en) * 2013-03-29 2013-09-04 中国海洋石油总公司 Clamping tool for petroleum casing joint
CN105171018A (en) * 2015-07-14 2015-12-23 西北轴承股份有限公司 Tiger tooth rapid clamping device of sheet part of common lathe
CN205703415U (en) * 2016-02-22 2016-11-23 江苏博尚智能装备有限公司 The blank processing clamping device of turning steel ball Full-automatic numerical-control lathe
CN206912697U (en) * 2017-01-24 2018-01-23 河南雅利安新材料有限公司 A kind of lathe fixture for processing shape for hat carborundum button
CN208358350U (en) * 2018-04-28 2019-01-11 四川都江机械有限责任公司 A kind of rear axle case Excircle machining clamps
CN208847675U (en) * 2018-09-26 2019-05-10 重庆同朗机械有限公司 A kind of crankshaft ray detector
CN209936374U (en) * 2019-05-23 2020-01-14 江苏太平洋齿轮传动有限公司 Clamping device for turning small parts capable of preventing hands from being clamped

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