CN110075909A - A kind of purification organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst - Google Patents

A kind of purification organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110075909A
CN110075909A CN201910284026.6A CN201910284026A CN110075909A CN 110075909 A CN110075909 A CN 110075909A CN 201910284026 A CN201910284026 A CN 201910284026A CN 110075909 A CN110075909 A CN 110075909A
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exhaust gas
compounds containing
organic compounds
containing nitrogen
catalyst
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CN201910284026.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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王涛
李伯东
王学明
彭召静
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718th Research Institute of CSIC
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718th Research Institute of CSIC
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Priority to CN201910284026.6A priority Critical patent/CN110075909A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8621Removing nitrogen compounds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J29/00Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
    • B01J29/04Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
    • B01J29/06Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
    • B01J29/40Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11, as exemplified by patent documents US3702886, GB1334243 and US3709979, respectively
    • B01J29/42Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11, as exemplified by patent documents US3702886, GB1334243 and US3709979, respectively containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
    • B01J29/46Iron group metals or copper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J29/00Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
    • B01J29/04Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
    • B01J29/06Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
    • B01J29/70Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
    • B01J29/72Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
    • B01J29/76Iron group metals or copper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2229/00Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
    • B01J2229/10After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained
    • B01J2229/18After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to introduce other elements into or onto the molecular sieve itself

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to environmental catalysis technical fields, and in particular to a kind of purification organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst.Copper presoma is supported on molecular sieve carrier by the catalyst by chemical precipitation and dipping method, the extrusion molding after the interaction of High-Temperature Strengthening carrier and active specy, or the catalyst is coated on carrier and is obtained.The catalyst active component contains simultaneously into the metal ion in framework of molecular sieve and is highly dispersed at the metal oxide of carrier surface, substantially increases the activity of catalyst, while ensuring purification efficiency, reduces the generation of nitrogen oxides.

Description

A kind of purification organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental catalysis technical fields, and in particular to a kind of purification organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalysis Agent.
Background technique
With the conversion upgrading of China's economic structure and the growing interest of environmental pollution, country is to nitrogen oxidation The requirement of object discharge amount is stringent year by year.The source of nitrogen oxides is generally by two aspects.One is directly generate in production process Nitrogen oxides tail gas, another source is then to produce nitrogenous organic exhaust gas (including ammonia) in process of production, in tail It is aoxidized during gas disposal and generates nitrogen oxides.To the elimination method of nitrogen oxides and widely used it is at present Take selective catalytic reduction (SCR) method.I.e. to pollutant nitrogen oxides by reducing agents such as additional ammonias, according to certain ratio Example catalysis generates N2, to reduce pollutant discharge amount in the related applications such as diesel vehicle, coal-burning power plant, glass furnace field.
In terms of purifying nitrogenous organic exhaust gas, the discharge control to nitrogenous organic exhaust gas may be implemented there are many technology at present System, for example solvent absorption technology can be used to nitrogenous organic exhaust gas (such as ammonia) soluble easily in water, but organic matter is readily volatilized The waste liquid being formed simultaneously is also required to be further processed, and increases entreprise cost.Chinese patent application 2016101564636 mention by Ammonia in exhaust gas is dissolved in absorbing liquid, then carries out in-situ denitrification to ammonia-contaminated gas using containing functional microorganism sludge. Chinese patent application 2018112418825, which is mentioned, send part ammonia-contaminated gas into the burning of RTO thermal accumulating incinerator, and another part contains Ammonia exhaust gas is reacted by SCR carries out nitrogen oxides catalysis reduction to meet discharge standard.But above-mentioned technology implementing process is complicated, only It is single to change object, fund cost investment is larger.It is more effectively and just using the nitrogenous organic exhaust gas of catalysis oxidation one-step purification Prompt one of purification techniques.Chinese patent application 2018111233484 describes a kind of ammonia decontamination catalyst and its preparation side Method supports active component Pt and Fe using ion-exchange using ZSM-5 molecular sieve as carrier, in 200 DEG C of active temperature- Ammonia conversion ratio can reach 80% or more at 400 DEG C, but the technology does not further illustrate the generation situation of nitrogen oxides.It is Chinese special Benefit application 2005800304951 describes the carbon monoxide-olefin polymeric formed using mixed copper oxide particle and zeolite particles, The noble metals such as a small amount of Pt are supported simultaneously, are had in terms of purification n,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) and ammonia organic exhaust gas preferable Effect.But since its active component CuO and carrier are to will lead to activity in this way by being coated on honeycomb after being mixed to get slurry The dispersion degree of component is not high, and the interactions such as acidity of the oxidisability of main active component CuO and molecular sieve are not coupled Reinforce.Therefore the active temperature of catalyst needs to be further decreased.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of purification organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst, catalysis Agent active constituent contains simultaneously into the metal ion in framework of molecular sieve and is highly dispersed at the metal oxide of carrier surface, The activity for substantially increasing catalyst reduces the generation of nitrogen oxides while ensuring purification efficiency.
To achieve the above object, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of purification organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst, the catalyst are prepared by following methods, the method Step includes:
(1) 1-2h is mixed by molecular sieve and with copper salt solution, comes into full contact with copper salt solution with molecular sieve, and have portion Divide and enters framework of molecular sieve.The quality of copper is the 5-30% of molecular sieve quality in mantoquita, is slowly added in the case where stirring sufficient situation Enter chemical precipitation agent solution, chemical precipitation agent dosage is 5-15 times of excess copper molal quantity, controlled at 50-120 DEG C, stirs 5- It is filtered after 20h, obtained washing of precipitate, drying obtains intermediate product;
(2) intermediate product is roasted into 3-8h at 300-600 DEG C, obtains active component powder;
(3) deionized water or distilled water, active component are added after mixing the active component powder after roasting with adhesive The mass ratio of powder and binder is 0.5-5:1, abundant ball milling or mixing, obtains slurry, extrusion molding or is coated on carrier, After drying, 3-8h is roasted at 300-600 DEG C, the coated weight of final slurry is the 5-20% of carrier quality.
Preferably, the second metal salt is added in step (1) as auxiliary agent, second metal salt is molysite, manganese salt, platinum salt One or more of with palladium salt, to improve the stability of catalyst.The quality of second metal salt is the 0.1- of molecular sieve quality 2%.
Preferably, mantoquita described in step (1) is copper nitrate or copper sulphate.
Preferably, chemical precipitation agent described in step (1) is that can release hydroxyl in highly basic, weak base or heating process Chemical reagent, such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, ammonium hydroxide, urea;When the precipitating reagent is sodium hydroxide, hydroxide When potassium, sodium carbonate or ammonium hydroxide, added in 1-3h.
Preferably, precipitating reagent described in step (1) is urea or sodium carbonate, and sodium carbonate adds in 1-3h.
Preferably, temperature is 90-100 DEG C in step (1).
Preferably, the quality of copper is the 10-30% of molecular sieve quality in mantoquita in step (1).
Preferably, adhesive described in step (3) is the adhesive of aluminium class or silicon class, and such as aluminum nitrate, aluminium oxide intend thin water Aluminium stone, silica or silica gel.
Preferably, the mass ratio of active component powder and adhesive is 1-2 in step (3).
Preferably, deionized water or the quality of distilled water are 1-3 times of active component powder quality in step (3).
Beneficial effect
Catalyst of the present invention improves the dispersion degree of active component during homogeneous precipitation.Pass through the method Obtained catalyst contains there are two types of active specy, the metal ion activity species and catalyst table that are embedded in framework of molecular sieve The metal oxide active species in face.Metal oxide active species can reduce its activity temperature for decomposing nitrogenous organic exhaust gas Degree, while metal ion activity species may insure to work off one's feeling vent one's spleen the trace qualified discharge of middle nitrogen oxides.The catalyst is to containing Nitrogen organic exhaust gas has shown certain universality and excellent catalytic activity.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the activity rating that catalyst described in embodiment 1 carries out elimination N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) organic gas Effect picture;
Fig. 2 is the activity rating effect picture that catalyst described in embodiment 2 eliminate DMF organic gas;
Fig. 3 is that catalyst described in embodiment 3 carries out elimination NH3The activity rating effect picture of organic gas.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1
18.9g Gerhardite is weighed, is dissolved in 500mL deionized water, 50.0g H-ZSM-5 is added after stirring and dissolving Molecular sieve (Si/Al=18).1.5h is sufficiently stirred at 50 DEG C in the mixed liquor, is added with stirring 46.9g urea, and be warming up to 98 DEG C, stir 6h.Urea slowly decomposes and releases NH in reaction process3, the advantages of process is mantoquita can be made slowly to sink It forms sediment, while the NH formed in solution4 +Peomote Cu2+Ion enters framework of molecular sieve and carries out ion exchange.Filtrate is taken out Filter, washing, after filter cake drying, in 500 DEG C of roasting 3h, obtaining mass fraction is 10%Cu load capacity active component powder.It takes 20.0g active component powder obtained above, adds 20.0g aluminum nitrate and 20.0g deionized water, and ball milling 0.2h obtains slurry.? The slurry is coated on cordierite honeycomb carrier (diameter phi 10 × long 20mm, 300 mesh), in 500 DEG C of roasting 3h after drying.Obtain one The catalyst of kind purification organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst, is denoted as Cat-1.
The Cat-1 carries out the activity rating of elimination n,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) organic gas, and air inlet forms DMF Concentration is 2000ppm, and remaining gas ingredient is air.Reaction gas air speed GHSV=10000h-1.As a result as shown in Figure 1, Cat- 1 at 280 DEG C, have reached 99% to the removal efficiency of DMF, export NO at this time and are not higher than 15ppm.
The Cat-1 eliminate the activity rating of DMF+ benzene mixing organic gas, and air inlet composition DMF concentration is 2000ppm, benzene concentration 300ppm, remaining gas ingredient are air.Reaction gas air speed GHSV=10000h-1.The result shows that The catalyst is 93.5%-96.4% to the purification efficiency of benzene at 280 DEG C.DMF purification efficiency has reached at 280 DEG C at this time 99%.
Embodiment 2
In example 2, other than 50.0g HZSM-5 molecular sieve is changed to 50.0g USY molecular sieve, remaining operation with Embodiment 1 is identical, obtains a kind of purification organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst, is denoted as Cat-2.Wherein, active component powder The mass fraction of Cu load capacity is 10% in body.
The Cat-2 eliminate the activity rating of DMF organic gas, and it is 2000ppm that air inlet, which forms DMF concentration, remaining Gas componant is air.Reaction gas air speed GHSV=10000h-1.As a result as shown in Fig. 2, Cat-2 is at 320 DEG C, to DMF Removal efficiency have reached 99%, at this time export NO be not higher than 15ppm.
Embodiment 3
In embodiment 3, in addition to the additive amount of Gerhardite is changed to 56.7g, the additive amount of urea is changed to Outside 140.7g, remaining operation is same as Example 1, obtains a kind of purification organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst, is denoted as Cat-3.Wherein, the mass fraction of Cu load capacity is 30% in active component powder.
The Cat-3 carries out elimination NH3The activity rating of organic gas, air inlet form NH3Concentration is 10000ppm, remaining Gas componant is air.Reaction gas air speed GHSV=10000h-1.As a result as shown in figure 3, at 270 DEG C, to NH3Go Except efficiency has reached 99%, NO is exported at this time and is not higher than 10ppm.
Embodiment 4
In example 4, in addition to the additive amount of Gerhardite is changed to 28.4g, the additive amount of urea is changed to Outside 70.4g, a kind of purification organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst is obtained, Cat-4 is denoted as.Wherein, in active component powder The mass fraction of Cu load capacity is 15%.
The Cat-4 eliminate the activity rating of DMF organic gas, and it is 2000ppm that air inlet, which forms DMF concentration, remaining Gas componant is air.Reaction gas air speed GHSV=10000h-1.As a result as shown in Figure 1, Cat-1 is at 270 DEG C, to DMF Removal efficiency have reached 99%, at this time export NO be not higher than 15ppm.
Embodiment 5
In embodiment 5, in addition to the additive amount of Gerhardite is changed to 9.45g, the additive amount of urea is changed to Outside 23.45g, remaining operation is same as Example 1, obtains a kind of purification organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst, is denoted as Cat-5.Wherein, the mass fraction of Cu load capacity is 5% in active component powder.
The Cat-5 eliminate the activity rating of DMF organic gas, and it is 2000ppm that air inlet, which forms DMF concentration, remaining Gas componant is air.Reaction gas air speed GHSV=10000h-1.As a result as shown in Figure 1, Cat-1 is at 320 DEG C, to DMF Removal efficiency have reached 99%, at this time export NO be not higher than 15ppm.
Embodiment 6
In embodiment 6, additional addition contains 0.0863g PtCl4It is mixed with mantoquita, remaining operation and 1 phase of embodiment Together, a kind of purification organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst is obtained, Cat-6 is denoted as.Wherein, Cu is loaded in active component powder The mass fraction of amount is that the mass fraction of 10%, Pt load capacity is 0.1%.
The Cat-6 carries out elimination NH3Organic gas+H2Activity rating, air inlet form NH3Concentration is 10000ppm, H2Concentration is 5500ppm, and remaining gas ingredient is air.Reaction gas air speed GHSV=10000h-1.As a result table It is bright, at 320 DEG C, NH3And H2Purification efficiency reach 99% or more.
Embodiment 7
In embodiment 7, the urea of 46.9g is changed to the aqueous solution of the sodium carbonate containing 0.8mol, is slowly added dropwise at 50 DEG C, 1h It inside drips that remaining operation is same as Example 1, obtains a kind of catalyst for purifying organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst, It is denoted as Cat-7.
The Cat-7 eliminate the activity rating of DMF organic gas, and it is 2000ppm that air inlet, which forms DMF concentration, remaining Gas componant is air.Reaction gas air speed GHSV=10000h-1.The result shows that Cat-7 removes DMF at 295 DEG C Except efficiency has reached 99%, NO is exported at this time and is not higher than 15ppm.
It follows that catalyst of the present invention is in single nitrogenous organic exhaust gas scene (ammonia, N, N- dimethyl formyl Amine, acetonitrile, acrylonitrile), nitrogenous organic exhaust gas+reducing atmosphere (ammonia+hydrogen) and a variety of nitrogenous organic exhaust gas complexity gas When atmosphere (n,N-Dimethylformamide+nitric oxide+benzene) etc. carries out effect assessment, the active temperature of the catalyst as the result is shown (T90) between 250 DEG C~500 DEG C, outlet maintains lower nitrous oxides concentration.Catalyst is continuous 1200h's simultaneously In DMF evaluation test, excellent stability is maintained.
In conclusion invention includes but is not limited to above embodiments, it is all to be carried out under the spirit and principles in the present invention Any equivalent replacement or local improvement, all will be regarded as within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of purification organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst, it is characterised in that: the catalyst is prepared by following methods, The method step includes:
(1) 1-2h being mixed by molecular sieve and with copper salt solution, the quality of copper is the 5-30% of molecular sieve quality in mantoquita, Dropwise addition chemical precipitation agent solution in sufficient situation is stirred, chemical precipitation agent dosage is 5-15 times of excess copper molal quantity, control temperature Degree is 50-120 DEG C, is filtered after stirring 5-20h, obtained washing of precipitate, drying obtains intermediate product;
(2) intermediate product is roasted into 3-8h at 300-600 DEG C, obtains active component powder;
(3) deionized water or distilled water, active component powder and binder are added after mixing active component powder with adhesive Mass ratio be 0.5-5:1, abundant ball milling or mixing, obtain slurry, extrusion molding or be coated in honeycomb or ball type carrier On, after dry, 3-8h is roasted at 300-600 DEG C, the coated weight of slurry is the 5-20% of carrier quality, obtains a kind of purify and contains Nitrogen organic compound from waste gas catalyst.
2. a kind of preparation method for purifying organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst as described in claim 1, feature exist In: the second metal salt is added in step (1) as auxiliary agent, second metal salt is one in molysite, manganese salt, platinum salt and palladium salt Kind or more;The quality of second metal salt is the 0.1-2% of molecular sieve quality.
3. a kind of preparation method for purifying organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst as described in claim 1, feature exist In: mantoquita described in step (1) is copper nitrate or copper sulphate.
4. a kind of preparation method for purifying organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst as described in claim 1, feature exist In: precipitating reagent described in step (1) is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, ammonium hydroxide or urea, when precipitating reagent is hydroxide When sodium, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate or ammonium hydroxide, added in 1-3h.
5. a kind of preparation method for purifying organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst as described in claim 1, feature exist In: precipitating reagent described in step (1) is urea or sodium carbonate, and sodium carbonate adds in 1-3h.
6. a kind of preparation method for purifying organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst as described in claim 1, feature exist In: temperature is 90-100 DEG C in step (1).
7. a kind of preparation method for purifying organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst as described in claim 1, feature exist In: the quality of copper is the 10-30% of molecular sieve quality in mantoquita in step (1).
8. a kind of preparation method for purifying organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst as described in claim 1, feature exist In: adhesive described in step (3) is aluminum nitrate, aluminium oxide, boehmite, silica or silica gel.
9. a kind of preparation method for purifying organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst as described in claim 1, feature exist In: the mass ratio of active component powder and adhesive is 1-2 in step (3).
10. a kind of preparation method for purifying organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst as described in claim 1, feature exist In: deionized water or the quality of distilled water are 1-3 times of active component powder quality in step (3).
CN201910284026.6A 2019-04-10 2019-04-10 A kind of purification organic compounds containing nitrogen exhaust gas catalyst Pending CN110075909A (en)

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CN113134388A (en) * 2021-04-20 2021-07-20 大连理工大学 Preparation method of composite modified zeolite molecular sieve catalyst and application of composite modified zeolite molecular sieve catalyst in denitration
CN114570383A (en) * 2022-03-30 2022-06-03 西安交通大学 Copper-manganese composite catalyst, preparation method and application
CN115532304A (en) * 2022-09-21 2022-12-30 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 Molecular sieve catalyst for ammonia purification of ammonia internal combustion engine, preparation method and application

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113134388A (en) * 2021-04-20 2021-07-20 大连理工大学 Preparation method of composite modified zeolite molecular sieve catalyst and application of composite modified zeolite molecular sieve catalyst in denitration
CN114570383A (en) * 2022-03-30 2022-06-03 西安交通大学 Copper-manganese composite catalyst, preparation method and application
CN115532304A (en) * 2022-09-21 2022-12-30 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 Molecular sieve catalyst for ammonia purification of ammonia internal combustion engine, preparation method and application
CN115532304B (en) * 2022-09-21 2024-01-19 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 Molecular sieve catalyst for ammonia purification of ammonia internal combustion engine, preparation method and application

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