CN110074122A - 维生素在防治蚁类害虫中的应用 - Google Patents

维生素在防治蚁类害虫中的应用 Download PDF

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CN110074122A
CN110074122A CN201910239489.0A CN201910239489A CN110074122A CN 110074122 A CN110074122 A CN 110074122A CN 201910239489 A CN201910239489 A CN 201910239489A CN 110074122 A CN110074122 A CN 110074122A
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许益镌
宁冬冬
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South China Agricultural University
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    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
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    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/90Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system

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Abstract

本发明公开了维生素在防治蚁类害虫中的应用,属于有害生物防治技术领域。本发明筛选得到维生素B1、维生素B3、维生素B5、维生素B6、维生素B9、维生素B13、维生素H和维生素C对红火蚁具有良好毒杀作用。本发明筛选到的维生素在实际生产中廉价易得,对环境无污染,且均可作为食品添加剂,可应用于蚁类害虫的控制,具有非常广阔的前景。

Description

维生素在防治蚁类害虫中的应用
技术领域
本发明属于有害生物防治技术领域,具体涉及维生素在防治蚁类害虫中的应用。
背景技术
红火蚁(Solenopsis invicta Buren)对入侵地区的生态系统、工农业生产、公共卫生安全、人体健康和经济发展均有很大的威胁。目前主要以化学药剂施用来控制红火蚁危害,但化学残留对周围环境造成不利影响。为协调防治效果与环境影响,低毒高效的杀虫成分亟待研发。
维生素是人和动物为维持正常的生理功能而必须从食物中获得的一类微量有机物质,在人体生长、代谢、发育过程中发挥着重要作用。维生素可分为脂溶性和水溶性两大类,被广泛用于食品、医疗等方面。然而人类对维生素在昆虫毒杀方面的了解还很少,尤其是关于维生素在害虫控制领域的使用还未见报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术中蚁类毒杀药剂环境污染问题的不足,提供维生素在防治蚁类害虫中的应用。
本发明的目的是提供维生素在防治蚁类害虫中的应用。
所述的维生素为维生素B1、维生素B3、维生素B5、维生素B6、维生素B9、维生素B13、维生素H和/或维生素C。
优选,所述的应用是维生素作为防治蚁类害虫的具有毒杀作用的活性成分的应用。
优选,所述的维生素B1的使用剂量为0.001~0.2g/mL,所述的维生素B3的使用剂量为0.0001~0.016g/mL,所述的维生素B5的使用剂量为0.001~0.05g/mL,所述的维生素B6的使用剂量为0.001~0.2g/mL,所述的维生素B9的使用剂量为0.001~0.0016mg/mL,所述的维生素B13的使用剂量为0.001~0.2g/mL,所述的维生素H的使用剂量为0.001~0.22mg/mL,所述的维生素C的使用剂量为0.001~0.3g/mL。
更优选的,所述的维生素B1的使用剂量为0.2g/mL,所述的维生素B3的使用剂量为0.016g/mL,所述的维生素B5的使用剂量为0.05g/mL,所述的维生素B6的使用剂量为0.2g/mL,所述的维生素B9的使用剂量为0.0016mg/mL,所述的维生素B13的使用剂量为0.2g/mL,所述的维生素H的使用剂量为0.22mg/mL,所述的维生素C的使用剂量为0.3g/mL。
优选,所述的蚁类害虫为红火蚁Solenopsis invicta Buren。
上述的维生素可进一步加工为毒饵等农药剂型用于防治蚁类害虫。
本发明相对于现有技术具有如下的优点及效果:
(1)本发明首创性的发现维生素对红火蚁具备良好的毒杀作用,并从水溶性维生素中筛选得到具备较优毒杀效果的维生素C。
(2)本发明筛选到的维生素在实际生产中廉价易得,对环境没有污染,且均可作为食品添加剂,可应用于红火蚁的控制。
(3)本发明筛选到的维生素在其它有害蚂蚁防治方面具备同样良好毒杀作用,具有非常广阔的应用前景。
附图说明
图1是不同维生素对红火蚁的毒杀作用的结果分析图。
图2是维生素C对红火蚁工蚁毒杀作用的剂量效应结果分析图。
图3是维生素C对红火蚁雌性生殖蚁毒杀作用的剂量效应结果分析图。
图4是维生素C对红火蚁雄性生殖蚁毒杀作用的剂量效应结果分析图。
图5是维生素C对红火蚁幼蚁毒杀作用的剂量效应结果分析图。
具体实施方式
以下实施例是对本发明的进一步说明,而不是对本发明的限制。
以下实施例中供试的红火蚁(Solenopsis invicta Buren)均来自广州市郊。
实施例1:不同维生素对红火蚁毒杀效果比较
随机挑选50头红火蚁工蚁放入预先涂好氟隆(氟隆可防止蚂蚁逃跑)的塑料盒中为一个重复,对每个重复分别每天饲喂不同维生素(维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B3、维生素B5、维生素B6、维生素B9、维生素B13、维生素C或维生素H)水溶液。其中,维生素B2、维生素B3、维生素B5、维生素B9、和维生素H较难溶,取饱和溶解时的浓度:分别为0.12mg/mL、0.016g/ml、0.05g/ml、0.0016mg/ml和0.22mg/mL;其他维生素的终浓度为0.2g/mL,每12小时观察存活数。清水作为对照,每个处理浓度重复5次。
测试结果如下:
结果表明,与清水对照相比,除维生素B2外,几种供试的维生素对红火蚁均有显著的死亡率,毒杀效果明显。供试的几种维生素中又以维生素C最具致死效果,用维生素C喂饲红火蚁工蚁72h后死亡率达到60%以上,120h后死亡率达到80%以上。结果说明上述几种维生素具有良好的应用前景(图1)。
实施例2:维生素C对红火蚁工蚁毒杀作用的剂量效应
为评价剂量效应,本实施例选取维生素C进行测定。
试验时随机挑选50头红火蚁工蚁放入预先涂好氟隆的塑料盒中为一个重复,对每个重复每天分别饲喂0.005、0.01、0.05、0.1、0.2或0.3g/mL的维生素C水溶液,以清水为对照组,每12小时观察存活数,每个处理浓度重复5次。
测试结果如下:
结果表明维生素C对红火蚁工蚁的毒杀作用存在明显的剂量效应。在维生素溶液浓度为0.3g/mL时,红火蚁工蚁在96h的死亡率达到100%,显著高于其他浓度(图2)。
实施例3:维生素C对红火蚁生殖蚁毒杀作用的剂量效应
试验时分别随机挑选10头红火蚁雌性生殖蚁和10头雄性红火蚁生殖蚁放入预先涂好氟隆的塑料盒中,并且放入100头红火蚁工蚁照看生殖蚁,作为一个重复;对每个重复每天分别饲喂0.005、0.01、0.05、0.1、0.2或0.3g/mL的维生素C水溶液,每12小时观察存活数。每个处理浓度重复5次。实验过程中不断补充新鲜的工蚁来照顾生殖蚁,并且不断补充对应浓度的维生素C水溶液。试验以清水作为对照。
测试结果如下:
结果表明不同浓度的维生素C水溶液对红火蚁生殖蚁均具有良好毒杀效果。0.1、0.2和0.3g/mL的维生素C水溶液之间对红火蚁雌性生殖蚁的毒杀效果差异不明显,但均显著高于其他浓度(图3)。不同浓度维生素C水溶液对红火蚁雄性生殖蚁的毒杀作用也显著高于清水对照(图4)。
实施例4:维生素C对红火蚁幼虫毒杀作用的剂量效应
试验时分别随机挑选10头红火蚁幼虫放入预先涂好氟隆的塑料盒中,并且放入100头红火蚁工蚁照看幼虫,作为一个重复;对每个重复每天分别饲喂0.005、0.01、0.05、0.1、0.2或0.3g/mL的维生素C水溶液,每12小时观察存活数,至全部死亡。每个处理浓度重复5次。实验过程中不断补充新鲜的工蚁来照顾幼虫,并且不断补充对应浓度的维生素C水溶液。试验以清水作为对照。
测试结果如下:
结果表明不同浓度维生素C水溶液对红火蚁幼虫的毒杀作用存在明显的剂量效应,0.3g/mL的维生素C水溶液喂饲时死亡率高于其他浓度,8天死亡率达到100%(图5)。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.维生素在防治蚁类害虫中的应用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的维生素为维生素B1、维生素B3、维生素B5、维生素B6、维生素B9、维生素B13、维生素H和/或维生素C。
3.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的应用是维生素作为防治蚁类害虫的具有毒杀作用的活性成分。
4.根据权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的维生素B1的使用剂量为0.001~0.2g/mL,所述的维生素B3的使用剂量为0.0001~0.016g/mL,所述的维生素B5的使用剂量为0.001~0.05g/mL,所述的维生素B6的使用剂量为0.001~0.2g/mL,所述的维生素B9的使用剂量为0.001~0.0016mg/mL,所述的维生素B13的使用剂量为0.001~0.2g/mL,所述的维生素H的使用剂量为0.001~0.22mg/mL,所述的维生素C的使用剂量为0.001~0.3g/mL。
5.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的维生素B1的使用剂量为0.2g/mL,所述的维生素B3的使用剂量为0.016g/mL,所述的维生素B5的使用剂量为0.05g/mL,所述的维生素B6的使用剂量为0.2g/mL,所述的维生素B9的使用剂量为0.0016mg/mL,所述的维生素B13的使用剂量为0.2g/mL,所述的维生素H的使用剂量为0.001~0.22mg/mL,所述的维生素C的使用剂量为0.3g/mL。
6.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的蚁类害虫为红火蚁Solenopsisinvicta Buren。
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CN1977599A (zh) * 2005-12-05 2007-06-13 佛山市南海区绿宝生化技术研究所 杀灭红火蚁的杀虫药主剂及其制成的饵剂

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