CN110072669A - 磨料制品及其磨削方法 - Google Patents
磨料制品及其磨削方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110072669A CN110072669A CN201780075794.XA CN201780075794A CN110072669A CN 110072669 A CN110072669 A CN 110072669A CN 201780075794 A CN201780075794 A CN 201780075794A CN 110072669 A CN110072669 A CN 110072669A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- abrasive
- abrasive product
- weight
- product according
- resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 title abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- SKFYTVYMYJCRET-UHFFFAOYSA-J potassium;tetrafluoroalumanuide Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[Al+3].[K+] SKFYTVYMYJCRET-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 5
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 35
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 35
- -1 phenolic aldehyde Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 102100022002 CD59 glycoprotein Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 101000897400 Homo sapiens CD59 glycoprotein Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 7
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920003180 amino resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005367 electrostatic precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Natural products OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001342 Bakelite® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004637 bakelite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004643 cyanate ester Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000022 2-aminoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910001094 6061 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920003270 Cymel® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001875 Ebonite Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001597008 Nomeidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 101100375588 Oryza sativa subsp. japonica YAB2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920006397 acrylic thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003647 acryloyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XOZREOIZDKNXBN-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;potassium;sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O XOZREOIZDKNXBN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BLCTWBJQROOONQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=COC(=O)C=C BLCTWBJQROOONQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Substances O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSYLJRIXVZCQHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 MSYLJRIXVZCQHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC=O WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004682 monohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012260 resinous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
- B24D11/02—Backings, e.g. foils, webs, mesh fabrics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
- B24D11/001—Manufacture of flexible abrasive materials
- B24D11/005—Making abrasive webs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/001—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as supporting member
- B24D3/002—Flexible supporting members, e.g. paper, woven, plastic materials
- B24D3/004—Flexible supporting members, e.g. paper, woven, plastic materials with special coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/20—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially organic
- B24D3/28—Resins or natural or synthetic macromolecular compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/34—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/34—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties
- B24D3/342—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties incorporated in the bonding agent
- B24D3/344—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties incorporated in the bonding agent the bonding agent being organic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D9/00—Wheels or drums supporting in exchangeable arrangement a layer of flexible abrasive material, e.g. sandpaper
- B24D9/006—Tools consisting of a rolled strip of flexible material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1409—Abrasive particles per se
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1436—Composite particles, e.g. coated particles
Abstract
本发明公开一种磨料制品,该磨料制品包括:背衬;磨料颗粒,该磨料颗粒固定至背衬;以及胶结层,该胶结层设置在磨料颗粒之上,该胶结层包含粘结剂树脂、至少一种填料材料和至少一种润滑剂材料,该至少一种润滑剂材料具有至少约200℉的熔融温度。还描述了一种使用此种磨料制品磨削铝的方法。
Description
背景技术
本发明整体涉及可用于研磨、修整和/或磨削多种材料和表面的磨料制品。更具体地,本发明涉及磨料制品以及使用此种磨料制品磨削工件的方法。
具有防填塞组合物的磨料制品在现有技术中是已知的。例如,美国专利5,908,477(Harmer等人)公开了一种磨料制品,该磨料制品包括由粘结剂前体和约15重量%或更少的含蜡改性剂形成的粘结系统。与包括由基本上不含含蜡改性剂的组合物形成的粘结系统的磨料制品相比,包括粘结系统的磨料制品表现出在木工砂光法向力测试中研磨的增大的工件表面。
PCT公布WO2015/038401(Moren等人)公开了非织造磨料制品,该非织造磨料制品包括膨松有弹性的开放式非织造纤维网、粘结到膨松有弹性的开放式非织造纤维网的磨料层,以及设置在磨料层上的外围防填塞组合物。外围防填塞组合物包含至少50重量%的蜡,该蜡具有180℉(82℃)至290℉(143℃)的熔点。还公开了使用非织造磨料制品研磨工件的方法。
发明内容
许多磨料制品具有当在高速和/或高压下使用时快速地生成热和/或磨损的研磨表面。研磨表面的加热可致使磨料制品的粘结树脂弱化,这继而可致使磨料颗粒过早地从粘结树脂释放。磨料颗粒的释放可降低磨料制品的寿命和切削速率。此外,在研磨期间生成的热量可对工件的表面进行加热。工件表面的加热可致使工件表面软化或熔融,使得来自工件的材料填塞到磨料制品的研磨表面上,从而干扰磨料制品的最佳使用和性能。
为了减少摩擦并从而减少在研磨操作期间生成的热量,操作者可将润滑剂周期性地施加到磨料制品的研磨表面或被研磨的工件的表面。然而,这样做需要操作者一方额外的手动步骤,并且可导致不一致的结果,这取决于施加润滑剂的量和施加润滑剂的频率。此外,在单独的步骤中施加润滑剂需要以额外的费用单独购买润滑剂。
用于改善带涂层磨料制品的磨削性能的另一种技术涉及通过将硬脂酸盐顶胶涂层施加到磨料制品来减少负载。然而,添加此种顶胶涂层是昂贵的,并且为了获得最佳性能,必须针对具体最终用途应用定制顶胶涂层。
一直存在对磨料制品的成本、性能和/或寿命进行改善的需求。与常规磨料制品和研磨技术相比,期望提供具有改善的切削、更长的寿命、减小的负载和更低成本的磨料制品。
在一个实施方案中,本发明提供一种磨料制品,该磨料制品包括背衬、固定至背衬的磨料颗粒,以及设置在磨料颗粒之上的胶结层。胶结层包含粘结剂树脂、至少一种填料材料和至少一种润滑剂材料,该至少一种润滑剂材料具有至少约200华氏度(℉)(93.3摄氏度-℃)的熔融温度。在一个实施方案中,磨料制品包括将磨料颗粒粘结到背衬的底胶层。在另一个实施方案中,磨料颗粒可直接粘结到背衬。
在某些实施方案的具体方面,胶结层可包含至少约10重量%且不大于约80重量%的粘结剂树脂,胶结层可包含至少约1重量%且不大于约75重量%的填料材料,并且胶结层可包含至少约1重量%且不大于约30重量%的润滑剂材料。
在一个实施方案中,磨料制品可以是带涂层磨料制品,例如像带涂层磨料带、带涂层磨料纤维盘或带涂层非织造磨料制品。
根据本公开的磨料制品可包括由布、纸、聚合物膜、纤维非织造物以及它们的组合形成的背衬层。此外,磨料制品可包括由氧化铝、碳化硅或金刚石形成的磨料颗粒,填料材料可包括冰晶石或氟化钾铝(PAF),填料材料可包括一种材料或至少两种不同填料材料的共混物,粘结剂树脂可包括酚醛树脂和/或环氧树脂,润滑剂材料可包括蜡,润滑剂材料可包括合成石蜡,该合成石蜡润滑剂可在室温下包括固体粉末,合成石蜡润滑剂可包括具有至少约1微米且不大于约50微米的平均粒度的粉末,并且/或者酚醛树脂与(冰晶石+合成石蜡)的重量%比可以是至少约1:4且不大于约4:1。
在另一方面,本发明提供一种磨削铝的方法。磨削铝的方法包括以下步骤:提供根据本文所描述的实施方案中任一项所述的磨料制品,以及使移动的磨料制品与铝接触。
在特定实施方案中,磨料制品是带涂层磨料制品,该带涂层磨料制品包括:背衬,该背衬具有相对的第一主表面和第二主表面;底胶层树脂,该底胶层树脂设置在背衬层的第一主表面上;多个磨料颗粒,该多个磨料颗粒至少部分地嵌入底胶层树脂中;胶结层,该胶结层设置在底胶层和磨料颗粒之上,其中胶结层包含至少约10重量%的酚醛树脂且不大于约90重量%的酚醛树脂、至少约1重量%的填料且不大于约75重量%的填料材料以及至少约1重量%的合成石蜡且不大于约30重量%的合成石蜡,其中填料材料包括冰晶石和氟化钾铝(PAF)中的至少一者,并且其中合成石蜡在室温下是固体,具有至少约210℉的熔融温度,并且包括具有至少约6微米且不大于约13微米的平均粒度的粉末。
如本文所用,“带涂层磨料制品”是指具有涂覆在制品外表面上的磨料材料(即磨料材料不包括在背衬内)的制品。
本文所描述的某些实施方案的优点包括其易于制造和使用、提供一致的结果、是成本有效的,并且其改善性能(例如,降低摩擦和热生成、减少负载、最小化脱层、延长寿命和改善切削)。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明实施方案的磨料制品的透视图。
图2为沿图1中直线2-2截取的剖视图。
具体实施方式
现参考附图,图1和图2示出了呈带涂层磨料带形式的磨料制品2,其中使用已知方法将片状磨料制品的两个自由端接合在一起以形成环形拼接带。应当认识到,根据本公开的磨料制品不限于带并且可转变成例如盘(包括穿孔盘)、片和/或垫。贯穿本说明书和附图,功能上类似的特征将用类似附图标号指代。
磨料制品2通常包括具有相对的第一主表面6和第二主表面8的背衬或基底4、任选的底胶层10、布置在第一主表面6上且至少部分地嵌入底胶层10中的多个磨料颗粒12,以及布置在底胶层和磨料颗粒12之上的胶结层14。磨料颗粒12可使用如图所示的底胶层10粘结到背衬4,或者磨料颗粒12可根据已知技术直接附连到背衬。根据本公开的一个方面,胶结层14包含粘结剂树脂16、润滑剂材料18和填料材料20。也就是说,将润滑剂材料18和填料材料20连同粘结剂树脂16一起并入胶结层14中。选择润滑剂材料18和填料材料20来减少磨料制品2和被研磨工件的表面之间的摩擦量,从而减少所生成的热量。这提供了许多潜在益处,包括例如减小的负载、更长的寿命和改善的切削。此外,润滑剂材料18和填料材料20以受控的、可预测和成本有效的方式提供改善的切削和更长的寿命。
特定的背衬或基底4对于本发明并非至关重要,只要它为特定的磨料制品以及磨料制品的预期的最终用途应用提供所需的功能和特性即可。在一些实施方案中,背衬可包括处理物,诸如背胶层(即,与具有磨料层的主表面相对的背衬的主表面上的涂层)、预胶层、连结层(即,介于磨料层和固定该磨料层的主表面之间的涂层)和/或浸渍剂。用于带涂层磨料构造的常规背衬处理物包括可溶酚醛树脂、酚醛/胶乳共混物、脲醛和三聚氰胺甲醛树脂。
用于根据本公开的背衬4的合适的材料包括例如布、纸、聚合物膜和纤维非织造材料。更具体地,合适的背衬材料的示例包括聚合物膜、涂底漆的聚合物膜、布、纸、硫化纤维、致密非织造织物、泡沫(例如,海绵材料或聚氨酯泡沫)、这些的经处理形式,以及它们的组合。背衬4可包含任选的添加剂,例如像填料、抗静电剂、润湿剂、表面活性剂、颜料、染料、偶联剂、增塑剂和悬浮剂。这些任选材料的量取决于所需的性质。此外,背衬材料可被选择成使得该背衬材料具有足够的强度和耐热性以承受其加工和使用条件。
用于任选的底胶层10的合适的树脂包括多种已知树脂,例如,热固性树脂、酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、脲醛树脂、丙烯酸酯树脂、氰酸酯树脂、氨基塑料树脂、三聚氰胺树脂、丙烯酸酯改性环氧树脂、聚氨酯树脂以及它们的组合。
用于胶结层14的合适的树脂包括多种已知树脂,包括上文列出的底胶层树脂,即,热固性树脂、酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、脲醛树脂、丙烯酸酯树脂、氰酸酯树脂、氨基塑料树脂、三聚氰胺树脂、丙烯酸酯改性环氧树脂、聚氨酯树脂以及它们的组合。
在示出的实施方案中,胶结层14包含粘结剂树脂16、润滑剂材料18和填料材料20。根据本公开的一个方面,已经发现通过将一定量的某些成分并入胶结层14中,可增强磨料制品2的研磨性能。在一个实施方案中,据发现带涂层磨料制品的寿命和切削通过将至少一种填料材料和至少一种润滑剂材料并入胶结层14中而令人惊讶地和显著地提高。
更具体地,据发现添加具有至少约200华氏度(℉)(93.3℃)或至少约210℉(98.9℃)的熔融温度的润滑剂产生特别令人期望的结果。在一个实施方案中,润滑剂在室温下(即,在77℉,25℃下)是固体粉末。在一个实施方案中,润滑剂可例如包括蜡。合适的蜡包括天然蜡和合成蜡。更具体地,润滑剂可以是合成石蜡。在另一方面,蜡是具有不大于约22微米的最大粒度的粉末。在另一方面,蜡是具有至少约1微米、至少约3微米或至少约6微米的平均粒度且具有不大于约50微米、不大于约25微米或不大于约13微米的平均粒度的粉末。合适的蜡包括购自纽约柏油村的细微粉末公司(Micro Powders Inc.Terrytown,NY)的MP-28C、MPP-635G和MP-22VF。MP-22VF是具有约215℉至约223℉(101.7℃至约106.1℃)范围内的熔点的微粉化合成石蜡。MP-22VF是可允许其容易地分散在胶结层树脂中的细粉末。
如上所指出,胶结层14通常包含粘结剂树脂16、至少一种润滑剂材料18和至少一种填料材料20。这三种成分中的每一种的量可在范围内变化。在一个实施方案中,胶结层14包含至少约10重量%且不大于约80重量%的粘结剂树脂。在另一个实施方案中,胶结层包含至少约1重量%且不大于约75重量%的填料材料。并且在另一个实施方案中,胶结层包含至少约1重量%且不大于约30重量%的润滑剂材料。
填料材料通常是廉价材料,其降低磨料制品的原材料成本,同时维持效率和切削速率。已经发现,取决于磨料制品的具体预期最终用途应用,当与某些树脂粘结剂和某些润滑剂组合使用时,在胶结层14中使用的特定填料材料可影响磨料制品2的总体研磨性能。合适的填料材料包括例如硫酸钾钙、碳酸钙、硅酸钙、黄铁矿/硫化铁、石英、天然冰晶石或合成冰晶石(Na3AlF6)和氟化钾铝(PAF)。对于某些最终用途应用,发现氟化钾铝(PAF)产生特别令人期望的结果。胶结层14可包含一种填料材料,或两种或更多种不同填料材料的共混物。
根据本公开的特定方面,胶结层中的粘结剂树脂的重量%比与胶结层中填料材料和润滑剂材料的组合的重量%为至少约1:4且不大于约4:1。也就是说,粘结剂树脂可包含至少约20重量%的胶结层至不大于约80重量%的胶结层。在特定实施方案中,粘结剂树脂是酚醛树脂,润滑剂是合成石蜡并且填料是PAF,并且酚醛树脂与(PAF+蜡)的重量百分比为1:4至约4:1。
底胶层和/或胶结层还可包含本领域已知的添加剂,例如额外的填料、助磨剂、润湿剂、表面活性剂、染料、颜料、偶联剂、粘合促进剂以及它们的组合。
在带涂层磨料中,底胶层10和胶结层14可统称为粘结剂,并且它们可由相同或不同的粘结剂前体制成。在制造涂覆磨料制品期间,粘结剂前体暴露于能量源,该能量源有助于引发粘结剂前体的聚合或固化。能量源的示例包括热能和辐射能(例如电子束、紫外光和可见光)。在聚合过程中,粘结剂前体聚合或固化,并转化为凝固粘结剂。
粘结剂可由可固化(例如,经由能量诸如紫外光或热量)有机材料形成。可固化有机粘结剂材料的示例包括氨基树脂,烷基化脲醛树脂,三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂,和烷基化苯并胍胺-甲醛树脂,丙烯酸酯树脂(包括丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸酯)诸如丙烯酸乙烯基酯、丙烯酸酯改性环氧树脂、丙烯酸酯改性聚氨酯、丙烯酸酯化聚酯、丙烯酸酯化丙烯酸树脂、丙烯酸酯化聚醚、乙烯基醚、丙烯酸酯化油和丙烯酸酯化有机硅,醇酸树脂诸如氨基甲酸酯醇酸树脂,聚酯树脂,反应性氨基甲酸乙酯树脂,酚醛树脂诸如可溶酚醛树脂和线型酚醛树脂,酚醛/胶乳树脂,环氧树脂诸如双酚环氧树脂,异氰酸酯,异氰脲酸酯,聚硅氧烷树脂(包括烷基烷氧基硅烷树脂),反应性乙烯基树脂和酚醛树脂(可溶酚醛树脂和线型酚醛树脂)。树脂可作为单体、低聚物、聚合物或它们的组合而提供。
粘结剂前体可为缩合可固化树脂、加成可聚合树脂、自由基可固化树脂,和/或此类树脂的组合和共混物。一种粘结剂前体为经由自由基机制聚合的树脂或树脂混合物。通过将粘结剂前体以及适当的催化剂暴露于能量源(诸如热能或辐射能)来引发聚合过程。辐射能的示例包括电子束、紫外光或可见光。
合适的粘结剂前体的示例包括酚醛树脂、脲醛树脂、氨基塑料树脂、氨基甲酸乙酯树脂、三聚氰胺甲醛树脂、氰酸酯树脂、异氰脲酸酯树脂、(甲基)丙烯酸酯树脂(例如,(甲基)丙烯酸酯改性聚氨酯、(甲基)丙烯酸酯改性环氧树脂、烯键式不饱和自由基可聚合化合物、具有α,β-不饱和羰基侧基的氨基塑料衍生物、具有至少一个丙烯酸酯侧基的异氰脲酸酯衍生物、以及具有至少一个丙烯酸酯侧基的异氰酸酯衍生物)、乙烯基醚、环氧树脂,以及它们的混合物和组合。如本文所用,术语“(甲基)丙烯酰基”涵盖丙烯酰基或甲基丙烯酰基。烯键式不饱和单体或低聚物、或者(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体或低聚物可为单官能、双官能、三官能或四官能、或甚至更高官能。
在本文所述的各种实施方案中可以利用多种磨料颗粒。并未认为磨料颗粒12的具体类型(例如,尺寸、形状、化学组成)对于磨料制品2特别重要,只要磨料颗粒12的至少一部分适于预期最终用途应用。合适的磨料颗粒可由例如立方氮化硼、氧化锆、氧化铝、碳化硅和金刚石形成。
磨料颗粒12可以多种尺寸、形状和轮廓提供,包括例如无规则或粉碎形状、规则(例如,对称)轮廓(诸如正方形、星形或六边形轮廓)以及不规则(例如,不对称)轮廓。
磨料制品2可包括在背衬上倾斜的磨料颗粒的混合物(即直立并且从背衬向外延伸)以及以它们的侧面平躺的磨料颗粒(即它们不直立并且不从背衬向外延伸)。
磨料制品2可包括不同类型的磨料颗粒的混合物。例如,磨料制品2可包括板状和非板状颗粒、粉碎和成形颗粒(其可以是不含粘结剂的离散磨料颗粒或包含粘合剂的团聚物磨料颗粒)、常规的非成形和非板状磨料颗粒(例如,填充材料)和不同尺寸的磨料颗粒的混合物。
合适的成形磨料颗粒的示例可见于,例如,美国专利5,201,916(Berg)和8,142,531(Adefris等人)中。可形成成形磨料颗粒12的材料包括α氧化铝。α氧化铝成形磨料颗粒可由一水合氧化铝的分散体制成,该分散体根据本领域已知的技术被胶凝、模塑成形、干燥定形、煅烧和烧结。
美国专利8,034,137(Erickson等人)描述了已形成特定形状的氧化铝粉碎磨料颗粒,然后将这些磨料颗粒粉碎以形成碎片,这些碎片保持它们初始形状特征的一部分。在一些实施方案中,成形的α氧化铝颗粒为精确成形颗粒(即,颗粒具有的形状至少部分地由用于制备它们的生产工具中的腔室的形状决定)。关于此类成形磨料颗粒以及它们的制备方法的细节可见于,例如,美国专利8,142,531(Adefris等人);8,142,891(Culler等人)和8,142,532(Erickson等人)中;以及美国专利申请公布2012/0227333(Adefris等人)、2013/0040537(Schwabel等人)和2013/0125477(Adefris)中。
合适的粉碎磨料颗粒的示例包括包含以下的粉碎磨料颗粒:熔融氧化铝、经热处理的氧化铝、白色熔融氧化铝、陶瓷氧化铝材料诸如以3M CERAMIC ABRASIVE GRAIN从明尼苏达州圣保罗的3M公司(3M Company,St.Paul,Minnesota)商购获得的那些、棕色氧化铝、蓝色氧化铝、碳化硅(包括绿色碳化硅)、二硼化钛、碳化硼、碳化钨、石榴石、碳化钛、金刚石、立方氮化硼、石榴石、熔融氧化铝氧化锆、氧化铁、氧化铬、氧化锆、二氧化钛、氧化锡、石英、长石、燧石、金刚砂、溶胶-凝胶法衍生的陶瓷(例如,α氧化铝)以及它们的组合。另外的示例包括粘结剂基质中磨料颗粒(这些磨料颗粒可以是板状的或者不是板状的)的粉碎磨料复合物,诸如美国专利5,152,917(Pieper等人)中所述的那些。
可从其中分离粉碎磨料颗粒的溶胶-凝胶法衍生的磨料颗粒的示例以及它们的制备方法可见于美国专利4,314,827(Leitheiser等人);4,623,364(Cottringer等人)、4,744,802(Schwabel)、4,770,671(Monroe等人)和4,881,951(Monroe等人)中。还设想,粉碎磨料颗粒可包括磨料团聚物,例如,美国专利4,652,275(Bloecher等人)或4,799,939(Bloecher等人)中所述的那些。
粉碎磨料颗粒包括陶瓷粉碎磨料颗粒,例如溶胶-凝胶法衍生的多晶α氧化铝颗粒。可根据,例如,美国专利5,213,591(Celikkaya等人)和美国公布专利申请2009/0165394A1(Culler等人)和2009/0169816A1(Erickson等人)中描述的方法使用溶胶-凝胶α氧化铝颗粒前体来制备由α氧化铝、镁铝尖晶石和稀土六铝酸盐的微晶构成的成形陶瓷磨料颗粒。
关于制备溶胶-凝胶法衍生的磨料颗粒的方法的另外的细节可见于例如美国专利4,314,827(Leitheiser)、5,152,917(Pieper等人)、5,435,816(Spurgeon等人)、5,672,097(Hoopman等人)、5,946,991(Hoopman等人)、5,975,987(Hoopman等人)和6,129,540(Hoopman等人)中;和美国专利公布2009/0165394Al(Culler等人)中。合适的板状粉碎磨料颗粒的示例可见于,例如,美国专利4,848,041(Kruschke)中。
磨料颗粒可用偶联剂(例如,有机硅烷偶联剂)或其它物理处理(例如,氧化铁或氧化钛)进行表面处理以增强粉碎磨料颗粒与粘结剂的粘附。
本文所描述的磨料制品在铝的磨削中找到具体应用。也就是说,某些实施方案包括使它们具体地适于有效地磨削铝的特性的组合。使用本文所描述的磨料制品磨削铝的一般方法包括以下步骤:提供具有本文所描述的特征的磨料制品并且使移动的磨料制品与铝接触。
本领域的普通技术人员可以理解,在不脱离本发明概念的情况下可以对上述本发明进行各种改变和修改。例如,还可设想非织造磨料构造和粘结磨料构造。更具体地,应当认识到,除带涂层磨料之外,本公开的特征可在非织造磨料制品中找到应用,在该非织造磨料制品中非织造背衬层涂覆有任选的底胶层、磨料颗粒和包含如本文所描述的润滑剂和填料材料的胶结层。本发明的特征也可在粘结磨料构造(诸如切割轮、凹陷的中心磨削轮和具有各种尺寸和构造的磨削轮)中找到应用。在此类粘结磨料构造中,可将如本文所描述的润滑剂和填料材料并入粘结材料(例如,陶瓷材料、玻璃质材料、树脂类材料和环氧树脂)中。因此,本发明的范围不应限于本申请中所描述的构造,而只应受权利要求书的文字所描述的构造及其等同构造的限制。
示出以下实施例以便更充分地理解本文中所描述的本发明。应该理解的是,这些实施例仅为了进行示意性的说明,不能理解为以任何方式限制本发明。
实施例
除非另有说明,否则实施例及本说明书的其余部分中的所有份数、百分比、比等均以体积计。除非另外说明,否则所有其它试剂均得自或购自诸如密苏里州圣路易斯的西格玛奥德里奇公司(Sigma-Aldrich Company,St.Louis,Missouri)的化学供应商,或者可通过已知的方法合成。
实施例中使用的材料和试剂的缩写列于表1中。
表1
底胶层粘合剂组合物1
底胶层粘合剂组合物通过用1521克PF1、1236克FIL2装满4升塑料容器,机械地混合,然后用水稀释至3千克的总重量来制备。
实施例1
使用辊涂方法来用底胶层粘合剂组合物1以180.0克每平方米(g/m2)的涂布量涂覆BACK1。然后根据美国专利8,511,577(Moren等人)中公开的方法,使用静电沉积工艺以1:1重量比将磨料颗粒MIN1和MIN2施加至底胶层树脂涂覆的背衬。MIN1和MIN2两者的总涂布量是549.3g/m2。然后将磨料涂层辊置于65.6℃下的烘箱中15分钟,然后置于98.9℃下90分钟。然后将69.9份的PF1、7.0份的FIL3、13.3份的蜡1、1.4份的RIO和8.4份的水的胶结层以481.3g/m2的涂布量施加到底胶层树脂和矿物涂覆的背衬。然后将涂覆的背衬辊置于175℉(79.4℃)的烘箱中20分钟,,然后置于210℉(98.9℃)下65分钟。然后将背衬材料卷绕成辊并且置于烘箱中,在102.8℃下强制空气固化12小时。
实施例2
使用辊涂方法来用底胶层粘合剂组合物1以180.0g/m2的涂布量涂覆BACK1。然后使用如实施例1中描述的静电沉积工艺以1:1重量比将磨料颗粒MIN1和MIN2施加至底胶层树脂涂覆的背衬。MIN1和MIN2两者的总涂布量是549.3g/m2。然后将磨料涂层辊置于65.6℃下的烘箱中15分钟,然后置于98.9℃下90分钟。然后将52.1份的PF1、35.4份的FIL3、5.2份的蜡1、1.0份的RIO和6.3份的水的胶结层以481.3g/m2的涂覆重量施加到底胶层树脂和矿物涂覆的背衬。然后将涂覆的背衬辊置于175℉(79.4℃)的烘箱中20分钟,然后置于210℉(98.9℃)下65分钟。然后将背衬材料卷绕成辊并且置于烘箱中,在102.8℃下强制空气固化12小时。
实施例3
使用辊涂方法来用底胶层粘合剂组合物1以180.0g/m2的涂布量涂覆BACK1。然后使用如实施例1中描述的静电沉积工艺以1:1重量比将磨料颗粒MIN1和MIN2施加至底胶层树脂涂覆的背衬。MIN1和MIN2两者的总涂布量是549.3g/m2。然后将磨料涂层辊置于65.6℃下的烘箱中15分钟,然后置于98.9℃下90分钟。然后将52.1份的PF1、35.4份的FIL4、5.2份的蜡2、1.0份的RIO和6.3份的水的胶结层以481.3g/m2的涂覆重量施加到底胶层树脂和矿物涂覆的背衬。然后将涂覆的背衬辊置于175℉(79.4℃)的烘箱中20分钟,然后置于210℉(98.9℃)下65分钟。然后将背衬材料卷绕成辊并且置于烘箱中,在102.8℃下强制空气固化12小时。
比较例A
使用辊涂方法来用底胶层粘合剂组合物1以180.0g/m2的涂布量涂覆BACK1。然后使用如实施例1中描述的静电沉积工艺以1:1重量比将磨料颗粒MIN1和MIN2施加至底胶层树脂涂覆的背衬。MIN1和MIN2两者的总涂布量是549.3g/m2。然后将磨料涂层辊置于65.6℃下的烘箱中15分钟,然后置于98.9℃下90分钟。然后将52.4份的PF1、40.3份的FIL3、1.0份的RIO和6.3份的水的胶结层以481.3g/m2的涂覆重量施加到底胶层树脂和矿物涂覆的背衬。然后将涂覆的背衬辊置于175℉(79.4℃)的烘箱中20分钟,然后置于210℉(98.9℃)下65分钟。然后将背衬材料卷绕成辊并且置于烘箱中,在102.8℃下强制空气固化12小时。
比较例B
比较实施例B为以商品名984F 36+CUBITRONTMII METALWORKING BELT从明尼苏达州圣保罗的3M公司(3M Company,Saint Paul,Minnesota)获得的带涂层的带。
磨削测试
磨削测试在从带涂层磨料样品转化的10.16厘米(cm)×91.44cm的带上进行,该带涂层磨料样品从实施例1至3以及比较实施例A和B获得。工件是6061铝棒,在其上待研磨表面测量为1.9cm乘1.9cm。可使用20.3cm直径的70硬橡胶、1:1台面与凹槽比的锯齿状接触轮。带以2750转每分钟运行。在4.4千克的法向力下将工件施加至带的中心部分。该测试包括测量工件在研磨15秒后的重量损失。然后将工件冷却并再次测试。该测试在25次循环后结束。以克为单位的总切削量被定义为25次循环后工件的总重量损失。结果在表2中列出。
表2
Claims (21)
1.一种磨料制品,所述磨料制品包括:
背衬;
磨料颗粒,所述磨料颗粒固定至所述背衬;和
胶结层,所述胶结层设置在所述磨料颗粒之上;
其中所述胶结层包含粘结剂树脂、至少一种填料材料和至少一种润滑剂材料,所述至少一种润滑剂材料具有至少约200℉的熔融温度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的磨料制品,还包括底胶层,所述底胶层将所述磨料颗粒粘结到所述背衬。
3.根据权利要求2所述的磨料制品,其中所述胶结层包含至少约10重量%且不大于约80重量%的粘结剂树脂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的磨料制品,其中所述胶结层包含至少约1重量%的填料材料且不大于约75重量%的填料材料。
5.根据权利要求4所述的磨料制品,其中所述胶结层包含至少约1重量%的润滑剂材料且不大于约30重量%的润滑剂材料。
6.根据权利要求5所述的磨料制品,其中所述磨料制品是带涂层磨料制品。
7.根据权利要求6所述的磨料制品,其中所述磨料制品是带、纤维盘和非织造磨料制品中的至少一者。
8.根据权利要求7所述的磨料制品,其中背衬层由布、纸、聚合物膜、纤维非织造物以及它们的组合中的至少一者形成。
9.根据权利要求8所述的磨料制品,其中所述磨料颗粒是氧化铝、碳化硅和金刚石中的至少一者。
10.根据权利要求9所述的磨料制品,其中所述填料材料包括冰晶石和氟化钾铝(PAF)中的至少一者。
11.根据权利要求10所述的磨料制品,其中所述填料材料包括至少两种不同填料材料的共混物。
12.根据权利要求9所述的磨料制品,其中所述粘结剂树脂包括酚醛树脂。
13.根据权利要求12所述的磨料制品,其中所述粘结剂树脂还包括环氧树脂。
14.根据权利要求13所述的磨料制品,其中所述润滑剂材料包括蜡。
15.根据权利要求14所述的磨料制品,其中所述润滑剂材料包括合成石腊。
16.根据权利要求15所述的磨料制品,其中合成石蜡润滑剂在室温下包括固体粉末。
17.根据权利要求16所述的磨料制品,其中所述合成石蜡润滑剂包括具有至少约1微米且不大于约50微米的平均粒度的粉末。
18.根据权利要求17所述的磨料制品,其中酚醛树脂与(冰晶石+合成石蜡)的重量%比为至少约1:4且不大于约4:1。
19.一种磨削铝的方法,包括以下步骤:提供根据权利要求1所述的磨料制品,以及使移动的磨料制品与铝接触。
20.一种带涂层磨料制品,所述带涂层磨料制品包括:背衬,所述背衬具有相对的第一主表面和第二主表面;底胶层树脂,所述底胶层树脂设置在背衬层的第一主表面上;多个磨料颗粒,所述多个磨料颗粒至少部分地嵌入所述底胶层树脂中;胶结层,所述胶结层设置在所述底胶层和所述磨料颗粒之上,其中所述胶结层包含至少约10重量%的酚醛树脂且不大于约90重量%的酚醛树脂、至少约1重量%的填料且不大于约75重量%的填料材料以及至少约1重量%的合成石蜡且不大于约30重量%的合成石蜡,进一步地,其中所述填料材料包括冰晶石和氟化钾铝(PAF)中的至少一者,进一步地,其中所述合成石蜡在室温下是固体,具有至少约210℉的熔融温度,并且包括具有至少约6微米且不大于约13微米的平均粒度的粉末。
21.一种磨料制品,所述磨料制品包括至少部分地嵌入粘结剂内的磨料颗粒,其中所述粘结剂包含粘结材料、至少一种填料材料和至少一种润滑剂材料。
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US (1) | US11724364B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3551388A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2020513337A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20190085557A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN110072669B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2018106583A1 (zh) |
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EP3826805A1 (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2021-06-02 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Articles including polyester backing and primer layer and related methods |
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- 2017-12-04 CN CN201780075794.XA patent/CN110072669B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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CN110072669B (zh) | 2022-06-03 |
JP2020513337A (ja) | 2020-05-14 |
EP3551388A1 (en) | 2019-10-16 |
US11724364B2 (en) | 2023-08-15 |
KR20190085557A (ko) | 2019-07-18 |
US20200070315A1 (en) | 2020-03-05 |
EP3551388A4 (en) | 2020-07-22 |
WO2018106583A1 (en) | 2018-06-14 |
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