CN110070243B - Oil pipeline high consequence area identification and evaluation system and method - Google Patents
Oil pipeline high consequence area identification and evaluation system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a system and a method for identifying and evaluating a high-consequence area of an oil pipeline. Extracting consequence element information data related to a pipeline high consequence area from image identification data obtained from an image processing module; generating an oil pipeline failure consequence comprehensive influence area based on a pipeline central line by utilizing a buffer space analysis function of a geographic information system; comparing the consequence element information data established by the consequence element set making module with the failure consequence comprehensive influence area determined by the failure consequence comprehensive influence area calculating module, and extracting a superposed area as a high back fruit area of the oil pipeline; and according to a preset identification and evaluation criterion of the high consequence area of the oil pipeline, the severity of the identified consequence of the high consequence area is evaluated in a grading way, so that the identification quality and efficiency can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of risk management of oil and gas pipelines, in particular to a system and a method for identifying and evaluating a high consequence area of an oil pipeline.
Background
In recent years, many oil and gas pipelines in China are put into production in succession, the number of the pipelines is in a rapid growth trend, and safe operation of the pipelines plays a very important role in the development of national life and economy. The common characteristics of long-distance oil and gas pipelines are that the pipelines pass through wide regions, the external environment is complex, the accident potential is more, the external conditions of pipeline transportation are poor, the corrosion and the damage of a third party are serious, the accident occurrence probability is High, and the accident consequences are generally serious, particularly the accidents in High sequence Area (HCA) of the pipeline. Therefore, it is an irrevocable task to enhance pipeline risk management, and in particular, pipeline high-consequence zone management.
The high-consequence area of the pipeline refers to an area which endangers public safety and causes great damage to property, environment, society and the like if the pipeline leaks. As population and environmental resources change, the geographic location and extent of the high back fruit zone will also change. The safety of the high-posterior fruit area is a factor that long-distance pipelines must be carefully considered in exploration, design, construction and even operation stages, and especially in the integrity management of the operation stage, risk evaluation and maintenance measures around the high-posterior fruit area become the core of the integrity management work. The identification and statistical analysis of the pipeline high consequence area are not only beneficial to the pipeline operation enterprises to determine the cause, possible influence range and possible consequences of the pipeline high back fruit area and master the area of the pipeline which may have serious consequences due to pipeline leakage, but also can enable managers to develop specific management measures and technical measures aiming at the high consequence area in the work of pipeline anticorrosion management, ground disaster management, pipeline maintenance, protection and the like, thereby carrying out effective risk control and ensuring that the environment and the public along the pipeline are not lost.
The management of the high-posterior fruit zone is the most important component of the pipeline risk management, the manager is guided to reasonably distribute management resources through effective identification and evaluation of the high-consequence zone of the oil and gas pipeline, scientific high-consequence zone management decisions are made aiming at the high-consequence zone, and adverse effects of the pipeline operation process on staff, social public, users or environment are reduced or avoided, so that the manager can improve the safety and the economical efficiency of the pipeline management as much as possible by using as few management resources as possible, and the maximum economic benefit is obtained.
The technical standard of the integrity management of oil and gas pipelines in China establishes an identification basis for high consequence areas of the oil pipelines, wherein part of the identification basis is divided by adopting area grade description, and the identification operation of the high consequence areas on site is fuzzy due to the fact that the area grade definition belongs to qualitative description; the identification range of the oil pipeline high consequence area is defined as the range of 200m on both sides of the pipeline central line, when the terrain fluctuation is large, the distance can be adjusted according to the terrain and landform conditions and the underground pipe culvert to judge the possible flow direction, but the identification basis does not give how to effectively judge the flow direction according to the terrain conditions and how to adjust the identification distance, and the error identification and judgment deviation exists; in addition, according to an identification method which is not clear, a large number of personnel are required to draw a map of the area around the pipeline and collect attribute information on site, so that the execution randomness of the identification rule is strong, and finally, errors caused by too many subjective factors in the identification result are caused; meanwhile, in the process of identifying and counting the high consequence areas, the identification conditions and the knowledge level of an identifier influence the identification process and the result, the identification process and the result are easily influenced by human factors, the identification period is long, the cost is high, the quality is unstable, the identification result cannot be effectively applied in the identification process of the next year, and the reliability of the identification result and the guidance of management are not good; because the HCA recognition is a tedious work, and the periodic updating is added, the complete adoption of the manual recognition of the HCA cannot meet the actual market requirement.
Therefore, how to provide an efficient and convenient high-consequence area identification and evaluation method and system is a problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a system and a method for evaluating a high consequence area of an oil pipeline.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an oil pipeline high-consequence area identification and evaluation system, including: the system comprises an effect element set manufacturing module, a failure effect comprehensive influence area calculating module, a high effect area identifying module and a high effect area grading evaluating module, wherein:
the consequence element set production module is connected with the high consequence area identification module and is used for extracting consequence element information data related to the pipeline high consequence area from the image identification data obtained from the image processing module;
the failure consequence comprehensive influence area calculation module is used for generating an oil pipeline failure consequence comprehensive influence area based on a pipeline central line by utilizing a buffer space analysis function of a geographic information system;
the high consequence region identification module is respectively connected with the consequence element set manufacturing module and the failure consequence comprehensive influence region calculation module and is used for comparing the consequence element information data established by the consequence element set manufacturing module with the failure consequence comprehensive influence region determined by the failure consequence comprehensive influence region calculation module and extracting a superposed region as a high-back fruit region of the oil pipeline;
And the high consequence region grading evaluation module is connected with the high consequence region identification module and is used for grading evaluation on the identified consequence severity of the high consequence region according to a preset evaluation criterion of the high consequence region of the oil pipeline.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for identifying and evaluating a high-consequence area of an oil pipeline, including: extracting consequence element information data related to a pipeline high consequence area from the image identification data obtained from the image processing module;
generating an oil pipeline failure consequence comprehensive influence area based on a pipeline central line by utilizing a buffer space analysis function of a geographic information system;
comparing the consequence element information data established by the consequence element set making module with the failure consequence comprehensive influence area determined by the failure consequence comprehensive influence area calculating module, and extracting a superposed area as a high back fruit area of the oil pipeline;
and according to a preset evaluation criterion of the high consequence area of the oil pipeline, carrying out grading evaluation on the identified severity of the consequence of the high consequence area.
The oil pipeline high consequence area evaluation system and method provided by the embodiment of the invention combine the geographic information platform with the pipeline operation and environment basic data, and establish the oil pipeline high consequence area identification method and system based on the pipeline engineering geographic information platform; establishing a high consequence region evaluation method based on high consequence region classification identification and classification evaluation by customizing an oil pipeline leakage failure high consequence region identification method based on an oil pipeline leakage failure consequence influence region calculation method and automatic identification of failure consequence element characteristics; the method comprises the steps of extracting result element data in comprehensive influence areas on two sides of a pipeline center line by using aerial photographs, satellite images and topographic maps (DLG) of the oil pipeline through an interpretation method, and identifying and grading evaluating high-back fruit areas by using a customized identification and evaluation method based on the result element data. Compared with the prior art, the method and the system for identifying and evaluating the high consequence area of the oil pipeline based on the pipeline engineering geographic information platform are constructed, the original semi-manual and semi-field high consequence area identification means is finished, the labor intensity and the management cost of the management work of the high consequence area of the pipeline are greatly reduced, and the identification quality and the identification efficiency are improved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief description will be given below of the drawings required for the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil pipeline high-consequence area identification and evaluation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the method for identifying and evaluating the high-consequence area of the oil pipeline according to the embodiment of the present invention. Description of reference numerals:
01-a consequence element set manufacturing module; 02, a failure consequence comprehensive influence area calculation module;
03-high consequence area identification module; 04-high consequence grading evaluation module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil pipeline high-consequence area identification and evaluation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the system includes: the system comprises an effect element set making module 01, a failure effect comprehensive influence area calculating module 02, a high effect area identifying module 03 and a high effect area grading evaluating module 04, wherein:
the consequence element set making module 01 is connected with the high consequence region identification module 03 and is used for extracting consequence element information data related to the pipeline high consequence region from the image identification data obtained from the image processing module;
the failure consequence comprehensive influence area calculation module 02 is connected with the high consequence area identification module 03 and is used for generating an oil pipeline failure consequence comprehensive influence area based on a pipeline central line by utilizing a buffer space analysis function of a geographic information system;
the high consequence region identification module 03 is respectively connected with the consequence element set production module 01 and the failure consequence comprehensive influence region calculation module 02, and is used for comparing the consequence element information data established by the consequence element set production module 01 with the failure consequence comprehensive influence region determined by the failure consequence comprehensive influence region calculation module, and extracting a superposed region as a high-back consequence region of the oil pipeline;
The high consequence region grading evaluation module 04 is connected with the high consequence region identification module 03 and is used for grading evaluation of the identified consequence severity of the high back fruit region according to a preset evaluation criterion of the high consequence region of the oil pipeline.
Specifically, the oil pipeline high consequence area identification and evaluation system comprises: the system comprises an effect element set making module 01, a failure effect comprehensive influence area calculating module 02, a high effect area identifying module 03 and a high effect area grading evaluating module 04, wherein:
the image processing module acquires image identification data of the pipeline and the surrounding environment of the pipeline, the consequence element set manufacturing module 01 identifies the image identification data acquired by the image processing module, extracts consequence element information data related to a high consequence area of the pipeline, and stores the consequence element information data in a basic geographic database according to a geographic information standardized data model structure;
the failure consequence comprehensive influence area calculation module 02 generates an oil pipeline failure consequence comprehensive influence area based on a pipeline center line by using a buffer space analysis function of a geographic information system.
The high consequence region identification module 03 is configured to compare the consequence element data set established by the consequence element set creation module with the failure consequence comprehensive influence region determined by the failure consequence comprehensive influence region calculation module, and determine a superposed part as a high back fruit region of the oil pipeline.
The high consequence grading evaluation module 04 is configured to evaluate the severity of the consequences of the pipeline high consequence zone identified by the high consequence zone identification module according to a set high consequence grading evaluation criterion.
The embodiment of the invention constructs an oil pipeline high consequence area identification and evaluation system based on a pipeline engineering geographic information platform, finishes the original semi-manual and semi-field high consequence area identification means, greatly reduces the labor intensity and the management cost of the pipeline high consequence area management work, and improves the identification quality and efficiency.
Optionally, the system further includes an image processing module, configured to obtain a high-resolution digital elevation model of a peripheral area of the oil pipeline by using an aerial photograph, a satellite image, photogrammetry, remote sensing, and a topographic map of the oil pipeline in a manner of interpolating a contour line or an elevation point, and perform image recognition on the range of the consequence elements of the oil pipeline.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the system further includes an image processing module, configured to obtain a high-resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of a peripheral area of the oil pipeline by using aerial photographs, satellite images, photogrammetry, remote sensing, and a topographic map (Digital Line Graphic DLG) in a manner of contour or Elevation point interpolation, and perform image recognition on the range of the consequence elements of the oil pipeline.
Extracting consequence element data in an oil pipeline consequence element range by using an oil pipeline aerial photo, a satellite image and a topographic map (DLG) by adopting an interpretation and identification method, storing the consequence element set data according to a preset data model and generating an oil pipeline consequence element set;
the consequence element range of the oil pipeline is preferably within 8.0km of both sides of the central line of the pipeline;
the interpretation identification is carried out aiming at one or more specific targets of human living facility elements, infrastructure elements and environment sensitive elements, wherein one or more of visual interpretation, human-computer interaction interpretation and object-oriented image interpretation methods can be adopted aiming at aerial photos, satellite images and the like of the oil pipelines; identifying a topographic map (DLG) by adopting a method of polygon synthesis and conversion; and identifying the traffic lines by adopting a method of generating polygons by adopting space buffering.
The embodiment of the invention constructs an oil pipeline high consequence area identification system based on a pipeline engineering geographic information platform, extracts consequence element data in the comprehensive influence areas at two sides of the pipeline central line by using an oil pipeline aerial photo, a satellite image and a topographic map (DLG) through an interpretation method, finishes the original semi-manual and semi-field high consequence area identification means, greatly reduces the labor intensity and the management cost of the management work of the pipeline high consequence area, and improves the identification quality and the efficiency.
Optionally, the system further includes a leakage amount calculation module, configured to call the model parameters set by the pipeline elevation data and parameter setting module according to the customized oil pipeline leakage amount calculation model, and calculate the leakage amount of the specified point location.
On the basis of the embodiment, a high-resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the peripheral area of the oil pipeline is obtained by using aerial photos, satellite images, photogrammetry, remote sensing, topographic maps (DLG) and the like of the oil pipeline in a manner of contour or elevation point interpolation; the DEM resolution can be 1-30 m, and preferably 5 m.
According to a customized oil pipeline leakage calculation model, pipeline elevation data and response time data are called, and leakage calculation is carried out on the whole pipeline from a starting point to an end point according to a fixed-step-length point-by-point calculation mode; the fixed step length value of point-by-point calculation can be 10-50 m, and preferably 30 m.
The embodiment of the invention constructs an oil pipeline high consequence area identification system based on a pipeline engineering geographic information platform, establishes a high consequence area evaluation method based on high consequence area classification identification and grading evaluation by customizing an oil pipeline leakage failure high consequence area identification method based on an oil pipeline leakage failure consequence influence area calculation method and failure consequence element characteristic automatic identification, ends the original semi-manual and semi-field high consequence area identification means, greatly reduces the labor intensity and management cost of pipeline high consequence area management work, and improves the identification quality and efficiency.
Optionally, the system further comprises a failure consequence impact area calculation module for determining a leakage overflow range of a point based on a point-based basin analysis of the geographic information system; and when the overflow range is intersected with the drainage basin, determining the influence range of the water area by adopting a calculation model of the leakage overflow water area of the oil pipeline.
On the basis of the embodiment, the system further comprises a failure consequence influence area calculation module, wherein the failure consequence influence area calculation module is used for calling pipeline basic data and calculating the leakage overflow range of the whole pipeline from the starting point to the end point according to a fixed-step-length point-by-point calculation mode on the basis of a geographic information system;
when the leakage overflow range is calculated, all leakage liquid is considered to participate in leakage overflow, and the leakage liquid is distributed in a flowing water converging line, a liquid pool and a water body; calculating a drainage basin formed by liquid leaking from a leakage point by adopting a drainage basin analysis function of a geographic information system based on the point, and taking a space range where an overflow path and a liquid pool are located as a direct influence range of overflow of the point when the volumes of the liquid contained in the path and the liquid pool reach the volume of the leaked liquid; if the overflow path intersects with the water area, but the volume of the liquid contained in the path and the liquid pool does not reach the volume of the leaked liquid, taking the intersection point of the overflow path and the water area as a starting point, adopting a calculation model of the overflow water area influence area of the leakage point, calling hydrological data of the water area, calculating the influence area of the overflow water area of the leakage point, and taking the space range of the overflow path and the liquid pool and the influence area of the water area as the direct influence range of the overflow of the point;
And obtaining a comprehensive leakage point influence area by utilizing a buffer space analysis function of a geographic information system based on the calculated oil pipeline leakage influence area and the overflow influence area.
Wherein, all adopt pond fire model influence area radius to cushion leakage point, domatic overflow and waters.
The embodiment of the invention constructs an oil pipeline high consequence area identification and evaluation system based on a pipeline engineering geographic information platform, establishes a high consequence area evaluation method based on high consequence area classification identification and classification evaluation by customizing an oil pipeline leakage failure consequence influence area calculation method based on oil pipeline leakage failure and an oil pipeline leakage failure high consequence area identification method based on automatic identification of failure consequence element characteristics, ends the original semi-manual and semi-field high consequence area identification means, greatly reduces the labor intensity and management cost of pipeline high consequence area management work, and improves the identification quality and efficiency.
Optionally, the system further includes a parameter setting module, which is respectively connected to the consequence element set creating module, the failure consequence comprehensive impact area calculating module, the high consequence area identifying module, and the high consequence area grading evaluating module, where the parameter setting module at least includes: the method comprises the steps of oil pipeline high-consequence area identification and classification rule definition, oil pipeline leakage quantity calculation model parameter definition, oil pipeline consequence element characteristic place type definition, oil pipeline leakage overflow influence area calculation model parameter definition and oil pipeline leakage overflow influence area calculation model definition.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the system further includes a parameter setting module including a calculation model and a high consequence region identification and classification criterion, etc. which are required in the above modules, and the specific calculation model is described in detail later. Wherein:
the identification and grading evaluation criteria of the oil pipeline high-consequence area are shown in the following table 1:
table 1 shows criteria for identifying and grading oil pipeline high consequence areas
After the high-posterior fruit zone is identified, the grade of the high-consequence zone is evaluated by adopting the oil pipeline high-consequence zone identification and grading evaluation criterion, so that the severity of the consequence is judged.
The embodiment of the invention constructs an oil pipeline high consequence area identification and evaluation system based on a pipeline engineering geographic information platform, finishes the original semi-manual and semi-field high consequence area identification means, greatly reduces the labor intensity and the management cost of the pipeline high consequence area management work, and improves the identification quality and efficiency.
Optionally, the system further includes a data interface module, connected to each module respectively, and configured to establish a communication connection with the database module for each module.
The data interface module is used for establishing communication connection with the database module for data application of each module and providing open interface Service based on a Web Service mode; the data interface module provides two modes of database reading and EXCEL file importing to access data, and simultaneously provides data output and sharing through the modes of EXCEL file exporting and Web Service open interface Service.
The embodiment of the invention constructs an oil pipeline high consequence area identification and evaluation system based on a pipeline engineering geographic information platform, finishes the original semi-manual and semi-field high consequence area identification means, greatly reduces the labor intensity and the management cost of the pipeline high consequence area management work, and improves the identification quality and efficiency.
Optionally, the consequence element information data includes at least human occupancy facility elements, infrastructure elements, and environmentally sensitive elements.
On the basis of the embodiment, the high consequence areas of the oil pipeline are divided into 3 types of densely populated areas, important facility areas and environment sensitive areas according to the damage mode of the failure consequence of the oil pipeline, and the identification rule of the high consequence areas of the oil pipeline is customized for each type of high consequence areas;
the oil pipeline high consequence area identification rule comprises the following steps:
high consequence area population dense area:
200m of each of the two sides of the A1 pipeline is provided with dense people areas such as cities, towns, villages, other residential areas, commercial areas and the like;
a2 specific places with mouths gathered in 50m of each side of the pipeline; the specific places comprise building areas where groups of people in hospitals, schools, kindergartens, old homes, prisons and the like are difficult to evacuate, and irregular people gathering places such as trade markets, temples, playgrounds, squares, entertainment and leisure places, outdoor theaters, emergency avoidance points and the like;
Important facility areas in high consequence areas:
b1 the consequence elements on both sides of the pipeline are factory, gas station, military facilities, airport, dock, inflammable and explosive warehouse, national key cultural relic protection unit, etc.;
the consequence elements on two sides of the B2 pipeline are freeways, national roads, provincial roads and railways;
and underground facilities such as pipelines for conveying oil gas and other flammable and explosive media, tunnels, hidden culverts and the like are arranged in the range of consequence elements on two sides of the B3 pipeline.
High-consequence zone environmentally sensitive zone:
the two-side consequence elements of the C1 pipeline range from water source, river, lake, reservoir, ocean, etc.;
the consequence elements at two sides of the C2 pipeline are in the range of forest, wetland, estuary and other natural protection areas and ecological sensitive areas.
Determining the type of the characteristic site of the failure consequence elements of the oil pipeline according to each high consequence area identification rule;
the high consequence area population dense area is a human living facility element, and the specific characteristic place types comprise: low-rise houses (1-3 floors), multi-rise houses (4-9 floors), high-rise houses (10 floors and above), hospitals, schools, kindergartens, old homes, prisons, farmer markets, temples, stadiums, squares, leisure places, outdoor theaters and emergency avoidance difficulties;
important facility areas in the high consequence areas are infrastructure elements, and the specific characteristic place types comprise: factories, gas stations, military facilities, airports, docks, flammable and explosive warehouses, national key cultural relic protection units, railways, expressways, national roads, provincial roads, pipelines, tunnels and culverts;
The environment sensitive area of the high consequence area is an environment sensitive element, and the specific characteristic place types comprise: a water source place, a large and medium river, a lake, a large and medium reservoir, an ocean, a forest, a wetland and a estuary;
the system also comprises a database module, a database management module and a database management module, wherein the database module is used for storing the basic data of the pipeline, the data of the high consequence area of the pipeline and the basic geographic data, and specifically comprises a basic geographic database and a pipeline professional database;
the basic geographic database comprises a spatial database and an attribute database; the spatial database mainly comprises a line drawing graph along the pipeline, a river water system graph, a road traffic map, a place name library, remote sensing and aerial image data, a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), a 3-dimensional landscape model and the like; the attribute database mainly comprises information of terrain, water systems, vegetation, traffic, administrative regions, residential areas, major hazard sources and the like along the pipeline;
the pipeline professional database adopts an ArcGIS Pipeline Data Model (APDM), and geographic elements are operated, stored and managed in a relational database, so that fusion of basic geographic data and linear pipeline professional data is realized; wherein preferably, the pipeline professional database is one or more of a stand-alone database, a pipeline integrity management system database, and a pipeline SCADA system database.
The embodiment of the invention constructs an oil pipeline high consequence area identification and evaluation system based on a pipeline engineering geographic information platform, finishes the original semi-manual and semi-field high consequence area identification means, greatly reduces the labor intensity and the management cost of the pipeline high consequence area management work, and improves the identification quality and efficiency.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for identifying and evaluating a high-consequence area of an oil pipeline according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the method includes:
s201, extracting consequence element information data related to a pipeline high consequence area from the image identification data obtained from the image processing module;
s202, generating an oil pipeline failure consequence comprehensive influence area based on a pipeline central line by utilizing a buffer space analysis function of a geographic information system;
s203, comparing the consequence element information data established by the consequence element set making module with the failure consequence comprehensive influence area determined by the failure consequence comprehensive influence area calculating module, and extracting a superposed area as a high back fruit area of the oil pipeline;
and S204, carrying out grading evaluation on the severity of the identified high-posterior fruit area according to a preset identification evaluation criterion of the high-posterior fruit area of the gas transmission pipeline.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the method includes: extracting consequence element information data related to a pipeline high consequence region from the image identification data obtained from the image processing module; generating an oil pipeline failure consequence comprehensive influence area based on a pipeline central line by utilizing a buffer space analysis function of a geographic information system; comparing the consequence element information data established by the consequence element set making module with the failure consequence comprehensive influence area determined by the failure consequence comprehensive influence area calculating module, and extracting a superposed area as a high back fruit area of the oil pipeline; and according to a preset evaluation criterion of the high consequence area of the gas transmission pipeline, carrying out graded evaluation on the identified severity of the consequence of the high consequence area.
The specific implementation process is discussed in detail in the above system, and is not described herein again.
The embodiment of the invention constructs the oil pipeline high consequence area identification and evaluation method based on the pipeline engineering geographic information platform, finishes the original semi-manual and semi-field high consequence area identification means, greatly reduces the labor intensity and the management cost of the pipeline high consequence area management work, and improves the identification quality and the identification efficiency.
Optionally, the extracting, from the image identification data obtained from the image processing module, consequence element information data related to the pipeline high consequence region specifically includes:
and extracting consequence element information data in the range of the consequence elements of the oil pipeline by using the aerial photo, the satellite image and the topographic map of the oil pipeline by adopting an interpretation and identification method, storing the consequence element set information data according to a preset data model and generating an oil pipeline consequence element information data set.
On the basis of the embodiment, the consequence element data in the range of the consequence elements of the oil pipeline are extracted by using an oil pipeline aerial photo, a satellite image and a topographic map (DLG) by adopting an interpretation and identification method, and the consequence element set data are stored according to a preset data model to generate an oil pipeline consequence element set;
the consequence element range of the oil pipeline is preferably within 8.0km of both sides of the central line of the pipeline;
the interpretation identification is carried out aiming at one or more specific targets of human living facility elements, infrastructure elements and environment sensitive elements, wherein one or more of visual interpretation, human-computer interaction interpretation and object-oriented image interpretation methods can be adopted aiming at aerial photos, satellite images and the like of the oil pipelines; identifying a topographic map (DLG) by adopting a method of polygon synthesis and conversion; and identifying the traffic lines by adopting a method of generating polygons by adopting space buffering.
The embodiment of the invention constructs an oil pipeline high consequence area identification and evaluation method based on a pipeline engineering geographic information platform, extracts consequence element data in comprehensive influence areas on two sides of a pipeline central line by using an oil pipeline aerial photo, a satellite image and a topographic map (DLG) through an interpretation method, finishes the original semi-manual and semi-field high consequence area identification means, greatly reduces the labor intensity and the management cost of pipeline high consequence area management work, and improves the identification quality and efficiency.
Optionally, the step of generating an oil pipeline failure consequence comprehensive influence area based on a pipeline center line by using a buffer space analysis function of the geographic information system specifically includes:
setting a calculation model of the leakage amount of the oil pipeline, wherein the leakage amount of a leakage point is equal to the liquid volume which can be contained in the pipeline between the two block valves and is higher than the leakage point and the delivery amount of the pipeline in response time;
specifically, the potential leakage at any point on the pipeline is related to its location, distance from the block valve chambers at both ends, pipeline flow and block valve response time. In the leakage automatic protection mechanism of the dangerous liquid pipeline, the stop valves on two sides of the leakage point automatically close the pipeline in a short time t under the action of pressure difference, so that the leakage amount of the leakage point is equal to the liquid volume which can be contained in the pipeline between the two stop valves and is higher than the leakage point and the delivery amount of the pipeline in response time.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
wherein, F represents the pipeline transportation flow, t represents the response time of the block valve, li represents the length of a pipe section with the elevation larger than the leakage point between the two block valves before and after the leakage point, and d represents the diameter of the pipeline.
Setting a calculation model of the comprehensive influence area of the leakage failure consequence of the oil pipeline, wherein the calculation model of the comprehensive influence area of the leakage failure consequence of the oil pipeline at least comprises a calculation model of an overflow influence area of a leakage point of the oil pipeline and a calculation model of an overflow water area of the leakage point of the oil pipeline;
specifically, the leakage point overflow influence area calculation model is preferably a pool fire model:
after the dangerous liquid leaks, the land and the water surface which flow through the dangerous liquid are covered with oil layers with different thicknesses, and if the dangerous liquid is ignited, pool fire is formed. Taking the liquid surface per unit area as the object under investigation and processing it as a point source, its radiation flux qi to the object at this point ri can be calculated as follows:
wherein: q. q.si-the point heat source radiant flux received at a point, w/m 2;
Xp-radiance, take 0.2;
f is a combustion efficiency factor, and 0.35 is taken;
mf-the burning velocity per unit area of liquid, kg/(m2 · s);
Hc-heat of combustion, J/kg;
Burning velocity m of common dangerous liquidfThe values are as follows:
crude oil: 0.078
Gasoline: 0.081-0.092
Diesel oil: 0.049
Kerosene: 0.055
Heat of combustion H of common hazardous liquidcThe values are as follows:
crude oil: 41.8MJ/kg
Gasoline: 46MJ/kg
Diesel oil: 42.5MJ/kg
Kerosene: 43MJ/kg
The total radiation flux of the pool fire to the hazard object is the integral of the differential radiation flux on a two-dimensional plane; assuming that the night pool is infinitely extended in three directions, the integral of the total radiant flux of the pool fire to the hazardous object at the distance r from the edge of the night pool is calculated as:
the radius r of potential influence of the pool fire can be approximately calculated by taking the critical heat radiation flux of the human body as 15.8kw/m 2.
The calculation model of the influence area of the overflow water area of the leakage point is preferably a simplified Navy model:
the flow direction of the river water flow is from upstream to downstream, and the direction is fixed; vectorization processing is carried out on the river, namely the river is processed into a curve with flow direction information, and based on the curve, dynamic estimation of the oil spilling position can be processed as follows: along the river vector direction, the water surface oil spilling shore base of the oil spilling point is taken as a starting point, dynamic integration is carried out according to time, the floating relative distance of the spilled oil along the river vector relative to the water surface oil spilling shore base is estimated, and then calculation is carried out by combining the river vector with a linear reference method, so that the position coordinate where the blocky spilled oil can possibly float can be estimated.
In the formula: k is a radical of1Taking the surface drift coefficient as 1.15;
the surface flow rate of the river; k is a radical of2Taking the drift coefficient of river basin wind, and taking 0.025;
is the wind speed.
If the water flow velocity and the wind speed are not changed in the oil spill response time, the method is simplified as follows:
and obtaining a comprehensive leakage point influence area by utilizing a buffer space analysis function of a geographic information system based on the calculated oil pipeline leakage influence area and the overflow influence area.
The method comprises the steps of calling pipeline basic data according to a fixed-step point-by-point scanning mode, and calculating leakage overflow ranges of different positions of the whole pipeline point by point on the basis of a geographic information system so as to determine an oil pipeline leakage overflow influence area;
judging whether the overflow path of the leakage point is crossed with the water area or not based on a geographic information system, if so, taking the intersection of the overflow path and the water area as a starting point, adopting a calculation model of the influence area of the overflow water area of the leakage point, calling hydrological data of the water area, and calculating the influence area of the overflow water area of the leakage point;
and obtaining the comprehensive influence area of the leakage points at different positions of the whole pipeline based on the obtained oil pipeline leakage overflow influence areas and the oil pipeline leakage overflow water area influence areas in superposition.
Generating an influence area based on the failure consequence of the oil pipeline at different positions of the whole pipeline by utilizing the buffer space analysis function of the geographic information system; the buffer radius is calculated and determined by a customized oil conveying pipeline leakage influence area calculation model.
The embodiment of the invention constructs an oil pipeline high consequence area identification and evaluation method based on a pipeline engineering geographic information platform, extracts consequence element data in comprehensive influence areas on two sides of a pipeline central line by using an oil pipeline aerial photo, a satellite image and a topographic map (DLG) through an interpretation method, finishes the original semi-manual and semi-field high consequence area identification means, greatly reduces the labor intensity and the management cost of pipeline high consequence area management work, and improves the identification quality and efficiency.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or part of the steps for implementing the method embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to program instructions, and the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when executed, the program performs the steps including the method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus and system are only schematic, where the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Claims (9)
1. High consequence district evaluation system of oil pipeline, its characterized in that includes: the system comprises an effect element set manufacturing module, a failure effect comprehensive influence area calculating module, a high effect area identifying module and a high effect area grading evaluating module, wherein:
the consequence element set production module is connected with the high consequence area identification module and is used for extracting consequence element information data related to the pipeline high consequence area from the image identification data obtained from the image processing module;
the failure consequence comprehensive influence area calculation module is connected with the high consequence area identification module and is used for generating an oil pipeline failure consequence comprehensive influence area based on a pipeline central line by utilizing a buffer space analysis function of a geographic information system;
The high consequence region identification module is respectively connected with the consequence element set manufacturing module and the failure consequence comprehensive influence region calculation module and is used for comparing the consequence element information data established by the consequence element set manufacturing module with the failure consequence comprehensive influence region determined by the failure consequence comprehensive influence region calculation module and extracting a superposed region as a high-back fruit region of the oil pipeline;
the high consequence region grading evaluation module is connected with the high consequence region identification module and is used for grading evaluation on the identified consequence severity of the high back fruit region according to a preset oil pipeline high consequence region identification evaluation criterion;
the system also comprises a failure consequence impact area calculation module, which is used for determining the leakage overflow range of the point based on the point-based basin analysis of the geographic information system; when the overflow range intersects with the drainage basin, determining the influence range of the water area by adopting a calculation model of the leakage overflow water area of the oil pipeline;
when the leakage overflow range is calculated, all leakage liquid is considered to participate in leakage overflow, and the leakage liquid is distributed in a flowing water converging line, a liquid pool and a water body; calculating a drainage basin formed by liquid leaking from a leakage point by adopting a drainage basin analysis function of a geographic information system based on the point, and taking a space range where an overflow path and a liquid pool are located as a direct influence range of overflow of the point when the volumes of the liquid contained in the path and the liquid pool reach the volume of the leaked liquid; if the overflow path intersects with the water area, but the volume of the liquid contained in the path and the liquid pool does not reach the volume of the leaked liquid, taking the intersection point of the overflow path and the water area as a starting point, adopting a calculation model of the overflow water area influence area of the leakage point, calling hydrological data of the water area, calculating the influence area of the overflow water area of the leakage point, and taking the space range of the overflow path and the liquid pool and the influence area of the water area as the direct influence range of the overflow of the point;
And the failure consequence comprehensive influence area calculation module is specifically used for generating an oil conveying pipeline failure consequence comprehensive influence area based on a pipeline central line by utilizing a buffer space analysis function of a geographic information system based on the leakage overflow range and the water area influence range.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising an image processing module for obtaining a high resolution digital elevation model of the peripheral region of the oil pipeline by means of contour or elevation interpolation using aerial photographs, satellite images, photogrammetry, remote sensing and topographical maps of the oil pipeline, and performing image recognition within the range of the consequence elements of the oil pipeline.
3. The system according to claim 1, further comprising a leakage calculation module, configured to retrieve model parameters set by the pipeline elevation data and parameter setting module according to the customized oil pipeline leakage calculation model, and calculate the leakage of the specified point location.
4. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a parameter setting module, respectively connected to the consequence element set creation module, the failure consequence comprehensive impact area calculation module, the high consequence area identification module, and the high consequence area ranking evaluation module, wherein the parameter setting module at least comprises: the method comprises the steps of oil pipeline high-consequence area identification and classification rule definition, oil pipeline leakage quantity calculation model parameter definition, oil pipeline consequence element characteristic place type definition, oil pipeline leakage overflow influence area calculation model parameter definition and oil pipeline leakage overflow area influence area calculation model.
5. The system of claim 1, further comprising a data interface module, respectively connected to each module, for establishing a communication connection with the database module for each module.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the consequence element information data includes at least human occupational facility elements, infrastructure elements, and environmentally sensitive elements.
7. The method for identifying and evaluating the high consequence area of the oil pipeline is characterized by comprising the following steps:
extracting consequence element information data related to a pipeline high consequence region from the image identification data obtained from the image processing module;
generating an oil pipeline failure consequence comprehensive influence area based on a pipeline central line by utilizing a buffer space analysis function of a geographic information system;
comparing the consequence element information data established by the consequence element set making module with the failure consequence comprehensive influence area determined by the failure consequence comprehensive influence area calculating module, and extracting a superposed area as a high back fruit area of the oil pipeline;
according to a preset evaluation criterion of the high consequence area of the oil pipeline, carrying out grading evaluation on the identified severity of the consequence of the high consequence area;
Further comprising:
determining a leakage overflow range of a point based on a point-based basin analysis of a geographic information system; when the overflow range intersects with the drainage basin, determining the influence range of the water area by adopting a calculation model of the leakage overflow water area of the oil pipeline;
when the leakage overflow range is calculated, all leakage liquid is considered to participate in leakage overflow, and the leakage liquid is distributed in a flowing water converging line, a liquid pool and a water body; calculating a drainage basin formed by liquid leaking from a leakage point by adopting a drainage basin analysis function of a geographic information system based on the point, and taking a space range where an overflow path and a liquid pool are located as a direct influence range of overflow of the point when the volumes of the liquid contained in the path and the liquid pool reach the volume of the leaked liquid; if the overflow path intersects with the water area, but the volume of the liquid contained in the path and the liquid pool does not reach the volume of the leaked liquid, taking the intersection point of the overflow path and the water area as a starting point, adopting a calculation model of the overflow water area influence area of the leakage point, calling hydrological data of the water area, calculating the influence area of the overflow water area of the leakage point, and taking the space range of the overflow path and the liquid pool and the influence area of the water area as the direct influence range of the overflow of the point;
Correspondingly, the method for generating the oil pipeline failure consequence comprehensive influence area based on the pipeline central line by using the buffer space analysis function of the geographic information system specifically comprises the following steps:
and generating an oil pipeline failure consequence comprehensive influence area based on the pipeline central line by utilizing a buffer space analysis function of a geographic information system based on the leakage overflow range and the water area influence range.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the extracting of the result element information data related to the high result area of the pipeline from the image identification data obtained from the image processing module is specifically:
and extracting consequence element information data in the range of the consequence elements of the oil pipeline by using the aerial photo, the satellite image and the topographic map of the oil pipeline by adopting an interpretation and identification method, storing the consequence element set information data according to a preset data model and generating an oil pipeline consequence element information data set.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the generating of the oil pipeline failure consequence comprehensive impact area based on the pipeline center line by using the buffer space analysis function of the geographic information system is specifically:
setting a calculation model of the leakage amount of the oil pipeline, wherein the leakage amount of a leakage point is equal to the liquid volume which can be contained in the pipeline between the two block valves and is higher than the leakage point and the delivery amount of the pipeline in response time;
Setting a calculation model of the comprehensive influence area of the leakage failure consequence of the oil pipeline, wherein the calculation model of the comprehensive influence area of the leakage failure consequence of the oil pipeline at least comprises a calculation model of an overflow influence area of a leakage point of the oil pipeline and a calculation model of an overflow water area of the leakage point of the oil pipeline;
and obtaining a comprehensive leakage point influence area by utilizing a buffer space analysis function of a geographic information system based on the calculated oil pipeline leakage influence area and the overflow influence area.
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