CN110069885A - A kind of " three lives " space optimization method based on external ecology functional localization - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to eco-functional regionalization technical fields, and in particular to a kind of " three lives " space optimization method based on external ecology functional localization, including (1) " three lives " amount of space structural simulation；" three lives " amount of space structure requires to acquire so that value of ecosystem service is up to target and constructs by grey linear programming model according to state key eco-functional regionalization；(2) " three lives " spatial framework configures；Multilayer neural network and cellular automata, which combine, constructs MLP-CA model；The model includes two big modules, is training module and analog module respectively；Internal conversion rule is obtained automatically using trained network in training module, while being superimposed with external conversion rule, and then these transformation rules are input in analog module again, complete " three lives " spatial simulation calculating process.The present invention highlights lower " three lives " space optimization of ecological functions positioning, realize " three lives " amount of space simulate configured with pattern it is synchronous.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to eco-functional regionalization technical fields, and in particular to a kind of " three lives " based on external ecology functional localization
Space optimization method.
Background technique
Important carrier of the soil as all socio-economic activitys of the mankind, utilizing to it is substantially the mankind to earth surface
Transformation behavior, decide the state of ecosystem environment, economy and society function, be related to raising and the region of mankind's happiness
Sustainable development is the important content of soil scientific research.For the angle of function, land function include production, life and
Ecological three kinds of function types cover biophysics process, directly or indirectly production and spirit, culture, lie fallow, the demand of aesthetics
Meet etc., it is the product of natural system and social economic system collaboration coupling.Every kind of function has its corresponding space, is respectively
Production, life and ecological space, referred to as " three lives " space.Production space is to carry out agricultural, industry and business activity to obtain production
The region of product and functions of physical supply, living space be to provide carrying and ensure people claim credit for oneself can region, and ecological space be then with adjust
Region based on section, maintenance and guarantee ecological safety function.Wherein, production space is basic, decides that living space, ecology are empty
Between situation；Living space is purpose, and the home to return to of space optimization is the finer of living space；Ecological space is that production is empty
Between, living space provides safeguard.It the balance of three large spaces or not is the key that realize Region Sustainable Development.Since 21 century,
Along with the acceleration of process of industrialization, the propulsion of Development of China's Urbanization, it is prominent that " three lives " space mutually ties up phenomenon.According to statistics,
Nineteen ninety~2012 year, National urban construction land area are increased between 4.56 ten thousand square kilometres, 12 years by 1.29 ten thousand square kilometres
2.5 times are increased, average annual growth rate reaches 5.9%；Town site area increases to 4.58 ten thousand by 1.16 ten thousand square kilometres
Square kilometre, increase by 2.9 times, average annual growth rate 6.4%.At the same time, urban population then increases to 7.12 hundred million by 3.03 hundred million, increases
1.35 times are grown, average annual growth rate 4.0%.This large-scale Persisting exploitation construction activity brings huge to Land Resources Exploitation
Big pressure threatens the grain security of country.Meanwhile large-scale development activities also affect the ecological safety of country.Cut-off
By 2010, ten thousand yuan of Chinese GDP energy consumptions were 4.88 tons of standard coals, be 2.3 times of world average level respectively, European Union 4.1
Again, 3.8 times, Japanese 7.6 times of the U.S., or even will be high than some countries underdeveloped, the discharge of major pollutants is total
Amount is in higher level, or even the maximum capacity already close to Eco-environmental Issues in China.
Currently, the research about " three lives " space still concentrates on the basic research such as " three lives " concept of space, type identification,
It is less to researchs such as " three lives " spatial simulation, pattern configurations.Rare " three lives " space configuration research is mainly using statistics
Method lacks the combination of the fusion between a variety of methods, especially remote sensing technology, GIS and programming technique.Also, " three
The object of life " space optimization research is mainly economically developed cities and towns, group of cities etc., to the state key with specific ecological functions
Eco-functional regionalization research is less.
State key eco-functional regionalization optimizes land resources spatial framework, unshakable ground subject of implementation function as China
Area's system, the key area for promoting the proposed delimitation of conservation culture institutional improvement.Its functional localization is to maintain internal and extraneous region
Ecological environment is stablized, and utmostly realizes its value of ecosystem service.The ecological environment in this kind of region is generally all very fragile, and one
Denier will be caused great threat and loss to region or larger range of natural ecological environment by unreasonable impact.Cause
This, to realize that this kind of regional function positioning just has to reduce exploitation to the greatest extent, limitation carries out extensive high-intensitive industrialization city
Town melts hair, reinforces protection to ecological sensitive areas and vulnerable areas, to keep and improve the supply capacity of ecological product.Meanwhile one
As state key eco-functional regionalization economic and undeveloped, even backward state.Therefore, this kind of region face one is very
Important task is exactly to develop the economy, and is lifted oneself out of poverty.And its expanding economy largely derives from project construction and money
Source exploitation, especially urbanization, the quickening of process of industrialization exacerbate production space and occupy other spaces, ecological environment
Pollution, the fragmentation of ecoscape.How to be weighed between external function positioning and in-house development demand, how to be realized
The development of " three lives " reconciling spatial scale is state key eco-functional regionalization problem in the urgent need to address.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention combines each computer and programming technique, is with state key eco-functional regionalization
Research object, proposes a kind of " three lives " space optimization method based on external ecology functional localization, purpose guarantee it is economical,
Value of ecosystem service is utmostly realized under conditions of society, grain demand, future development program demand, is given in region certainly
This composite system of so-society-ecology-economy provides maximum comprehensive benefit.
Specific technical solution are as follows:
A kind of " three lives " space optimization method based on external ecology functional localization mainly includes two steps: first is that " three
It is raw " amount of space structural simulation, second is that " three lives " spatial framework configures.
Wherein " three lives " amount of space structural simulation, " three lives " amount of space structure are wanted according to state key eco-functional regionalization
It asks so that value of ecosystem service is up to target and constructs, is acquired by grey linear programming model.
Multilayer neural network (MLP) and cellular automata (CA) are combined building by the configuration of " three lives " spatial framework, the present invention
MLP-CA model.The model includes two big modules, is training module and analog module respectively.Training is utilized in training module
Data obtain transformation rules automatically, while being superimposed with the transformation rule of external setting-up, then again that these transformation rules are defeated
Enter into analog module, completes " three lives " spatial simulation calculating process.Detailed process is as follows:
Firstly, the task of two aspects is completed by training module, first is that being trained to multilayer neural network, with determination
Multilayer neural network structure；Second is that being obtained using " three lives " spatial distribution map and impact factor as input layer according to trained network
It takes internal conversion regular, exports the probability that each space-like may occur.
After obtaining internal conversion rule, according to emphasis eco-functional regionalization actual conditions, external conversion rule is set,
Including following six part: the constraint of " three lives " amount of space, the constraint of absolute restricted area, ecological sensitivity, neighbourhood effect power, space
Cost of transfer and adaptive inertia coeffeicent；
(a) " three lives " amount of space constrains
" three lives " amount of space shows National land space developing direction, different time nodes, the sum of each space type area
It is equal, and it is equal to the National land space gross area；It may be expressed as: with functional form
Area=f (agricultural production space, production of mining industry space ...) (1)
During " three lives " spatial simulation, number constraint part plays overall control effect, that is to say, that in a timing
Interior cellular conversion quantity and direction be it is determining, this constraint condition cannot be violated；The three lives " amount of space can be from a certain period
It is obtained in " three lives " spatial distribution map；
(b) absolute restricted area
Absolute restricted part is that the region of effect of contraction has been converted to " three lives " space；The data are two-value datas, are only permitted
Perhaps the two numerical value of data 0 and 1 exist, and numerical value 0 is expressed as absolutely limiting space, i.e., the region does not allow space type to occur to turn
Change；1 indicates non-absolute limiting substrate, that is, allows that spatial transformation occurs；
(c) ecological sensitivity constrains
Can ecological sensitivity reflect the cellular to a certain extent and be shifted between other cellulars, and formula can
To indicate are as follows:
Wherein,For the ecological sensitivity of t moment the i-th row j column cellular, x1To xnRespectively indicate n impact factor, α1
To αnThe respectively weight of n class factor, is obtained by analytic hierarchy process (AHP), then asks the legal ecology for calculating cellular quick by weighting
Perception；
Meanwhile, it is specified that the lesser region conduct of preceding 80% ecological sensitivity can after calculating the ecological sensitivity of cellular
To carry out the region of space conversion, the rear biggish region of 20% ecological sensitivity is as the region that cannot be converted；It can be with
The region of conversion is set as 1, and the region that cannot be converted is set as 0；
(d) neighbourhood effect power
Using 3 × 3 moles of neighborhoods as moving window, by neighborhood neighbourhood effect power is defined as:
In formula,For cellular at the t-1 moment by the degree of neighbourhood effect, con () is a conditional function, when neighborhood window
When non-central cellular in mouthful is consistent with center cellular, otherwise value 1 is 0；Indicate 3*3 window in
The t-1 moment is the quantity of space type j.wjThe neighborhood weight of representation space type j.；Value is bigger, indicates center cellular
Expanding ability is stronger；
(e) space transfer cost
Space transfer is mainly used for studying the transforming relationship between different spaces type；The cost is a two-value type,
When certain space-like, type is converted into the higher cost of other space types, that, which is just used, 1 indicates that type is converted into it when certain space-like
Cost is relatively low for its space type, that is just used and 0 indicates.
(f) adaptive inertia coeffeicent
Adaptive inertia coeffeicent is primarily used to judgement, and when the development trend of certain space type, there are larger with actual demand
When gap, i.e., the development trend of the space type is adjusted in next iteration, to realize that dynamic increases the space type
The formula of the adaptive inertia coeffeicent of quantity are as follows:
In formula,Refer to the inertia coeffeicent of space type j when moment t；Refer to t-1 and t-2
The pixel number of moment jth space-like and the difference of demand number.
It then, space training module automatically generated may probability of happening and external neighbourhood effect power, space turn
It changes this into and inertia coeffeicent combines, construct comprehensive transition probability index.Its formula is as follows:
In formula,Refer to the combined chance that moment t cellular i is shifted from luv space type to type j；PijIt refers to
The probability that space type j may occur on cellular i；Refer to the neighbourhood effect power of space type j on moment t cellular i；Refer to the inertia coeffeicent of moment t space type j；scc→jIt refers to being turned from luv space type c to target type j
The cost of transfer of shifting.
After having obtained the synthesis transition probability of cellular, be superimposed with limitation range, ecological sensitivity constraint and " three lives "
Amount of space constraint, realizes " three lives " spatial simulation and configuration in analog module.But in progress " three lives " spatial simulation process
In, it is possible that the situation of rule conflict.For example, some cellular most probable is given birth to from green from the point of view of according to comprehensive transition probability
State space switchs to agricultural production space, but the cellular belongs to limitation range areas again simultaneously, and space type conversion cannot occur.Cause
This, when encountering transformation rule conflict, transformation rule is illustrated in model.One, the preferential principle of the ecology: " three lives " is empty
Between according to it is green by ecological space-water by ecological space-agricultural production space-urban life space-production of mining industry space-rural area
Living space-receiving ecological space sequence is configured；Two, comprehensive transition probability maximum principle: for example green by ecological space
Configuration, the synthesis transition probability of each grid is ranked up first, find out it is green by the maximum grid of ecological space transition probability,
Space configuration is carried out according to the descending sequence of probability, until reaching the green total amount requirement by ecological space.
The technical effect that the present patent application has are as follows:
1, " three lives " space optimization under ecological functions positioning is highlighted.By the end of currently, about " three lives " spatial framework
The research of configuration and optimization is gradually increasing, but these researchs production and vital functions for being conceived to National land space more, a large amount of to have
There is the space of the ecological value to be captured by production and living space, the adjustment of ecological space has very big randomness.Though ecological space
Too many economical value cannot be so created, but it is the basis for ensureing every production and living development of the activity.Especially emphasis
Eco-functional regionalization, the maintenance of ecological functions is not only concerning region self-growth but also to the development of peripheral region also to Guan Chong
It wants.Therefore, the present invention constructs " three lives " space optimization technology using state key eco-functional regionalization as research object, to logical
While crossing technology enhancing region ecosystems services, the stability of " three lives " system is improved, local area ecological fragility is reduced
And sensibility, with area outside better ecosystem environment service.
2, it realizes the simulation of " three lives " amount of space and is configured with pattern synchronous, construct MLP-CA model.Of the invention
" three lives " space optimization includes two parts of quantitative structure simulation and pattern configuration, first passes through Population number dynamic imitation and determines the following all kinds of skies
Between ratio, then realize by pattern configuration " landing " of each space type and its ratio.Meanwhile it being provided in Population number dynamic imitation part
Based on maximum " three lives " the space situation of value of ecosystem service, it is ensured that the functional localization of state key eco-functional regionalization.
In pattern configuration section, MLP-CA model is constructed by multilayer neural network and cellular automata.The model is in training module
In by add multilayer hidden layer so that training result is provided with degree of precision；Country's weight is fully taken into account in external rule settings
The actual characteristic and demand of point eco-functional regionalization are added to the rules such as limitation range, ecosensitivity assessment, it is ensured that match in space
The stability of the ecosystem during setting；To avoid the problem that rule conflict in the analog module of model, it is excellent to joined ecology
First with maximum probability principle, the uniqueness and accuracy of the configuration of " three lives " spatial framework ensure that.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the frame diagram of " three lives " space optimization method of the invention；
Fig. 2 is embodiment Puge County " three lives " in 2017 spatial simulation figure；
Fig. 3 is embodiment Puge County " three lives " space cover figure in 2017；
Fig. 4 is embodiment the year two thousand thirty " three lives " spatial distribution map.
Specific embodiment
It is described in conjunction with the embodiments the specific technical solution of the present invention.
The frame diagram of " three lives " space optimization method that the present invention takes is as shown in Figure 1.
The present embodiment is by state key eco-functional regionalization --- for Puge County, using the year two thousand thirty as timing node, according to above-mentioned
Method is simulated its " three lives " amount of space structure and pattern.
" 1. the three lives " amount of space structural simulation
According to Chinese terrestrial ecosystems unit area Ecosystem Service Value equivalent scale, bond area actual conditions, every
Kind space type is linked up with its immediate ecosystem-type.Then, with the Puge County 2010-2014 main food work
Object etc. is worth to calculate its agricultural production mikey area food production function services, obtains the ecology of research area's food production
Economic value is 1109.7 yuan；The various value of ecosystem service in other spaces calculate then according to each space Ecosystem Service Value
The ratio of equivalent obtains, such as table 1.
1 Puge County unit area value of ecosystem service table (unit: member/hm of table2)
According to the above value coefficient, objective function is constructed are as follows:
F (x)=maxZ=3961.63 × x1+19774.85 × x2+15613.48 × x3+126128.5 × x4-9607.9
×x5-9607.9×x6-9607.9×x7+210.84×x8；
Meanwhile according to the constraint condition of each space type and areal extent such as table 2, grey linear programming model is constructed, it is right
It is solved, and the year two thousand thirty Puge County " three lives " amount of space structure is obtained, such as table 3.
The constraint condition and areal extent of table 2 the year two thousand thirty each space type
" three lives " spatial area (hm under table 3 2017 years, organic growth situation and optimization situation2)
" 2. the three lives " space configuration
By the training module of MLP-CA model, it is with the spatial distribution map of Puge County " three lives " in 2010 and each impact factor
Input layer is trained multilayer neural network, obtains " three lives " space type transformation rule, that is, each space-like may be sent out
Raw probability distribution.
According to the neighborhood weight of each space-like, the neighbourhood effect power of center cellular can be calculated, then, obtain multiplied by training
The possibility probability, cost of transfer and the inertia coeffeicent that occur, obtain comprehensive transition probability.Then it is raw to be superimposed with Puge County in 2010
State sensitivity profile, restricted area distribution map pass through correlation principle in conjunction with the amount of space structure of Puge County " three lives " in 2017
The simulation of Puge County " three lives " in 2017 spatial framework, such as Fig. 2 are completed in analog module.
Shown in Fig. 3, based on the spatial simulation figure of Puge County " three lives " in 2017 and actual distribution figure, calculate them it
Between space lattice number and Moran'I index, the two for finding Puge County " three lives " space actual distribution figure and simulation drawing refer to
Mark is all more close, illustrates that parameter setting is more proper, simulation effect is preferable, can be used for follow-up study.
Using the spatial distribution map of Puge County " three lives " in 2017 and each impact factor as input data, according to above-mentioned trained
Network, obtaining the year two thousand thirty " three lives " space may probability of happening.Then, it is obtained according to the neighborhood weight calculation of above-mentioned each space-like
The neighbourhood effect power of center cellular, multiplied by probability, above-mentioned cost of transfer, inertia coeffeicent that the obtained possibility of training occurs,
Obtain comprehensive transition probability.According to Puge County ecological sensitivity distribution map, restricted area distribution map in 2017, in conjunction with " three lives " sky
Between quantitative structure, in analog module complete Puge County the year two thousand thirty " three lives " Spatial Distribution Pattern simulation such as Fig. 4.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of " three lives " space optimization method based on external ecology functional localization, which is characterized in that mainly include following two
A step:
(1) " three lives " amount of space structural simulation；
" three lives " amount of space structure requires to be up to target with value of ecosystem service according to state key eco-functional regionalization
And construct, it is acquired by grey linear programming model；
(2) " three lives " spatial framework configures；
Multilayer neural network and cellular automata, which combine, constructs MLP-CA model；The model includes two big modules, respectively
It is training module and analog module；
Internal conversion rule is obtained automatically using training data in training module, while being superimposed with external conversion rule, then
These transformation rules are input in analog module again, complete " three lives " spatial simulation calculating process.
2. a kind of " three lives " space optimization method based on external ecology functional localization according to claim 1, feature
It is, (2) " three lives " spatial framework configuration specifically includes following procedure:
Two tasks are completed by training module, first is that being trained to multilayer neural network, to determine multilayer neural network knot
Structure, second is that internal conversion rule is obtained according to trained network using " three lives " spatial distribution map and impact factor as input layer,
Export the probability that each space-like may occur；
After obtaining internal conversion rule, according to emphasis eco-functional regionalization actual conditions, external conversion rule is set；
After external rules are provided with, " three lives " space configuration is realized in analog module.
3. a kind of " three lives " space optimization method based on external ecology functional localization according to claim 1 or 2, special
Sign is that the external conversion is regular, including following six part: the constraint of " three lives " amount of space, absolute restricted area, ecology
Sensibility constraint, neighbourhood effect power, space transfer cost and adaptive inertia coeffeicent；
(a) " three lives " amount of space constrains
" three lives " amount of space shows National land space developing direction, and different time nodes, the sum of each space type area is equal,
And it is equal to the National land space gross area；It may be expressed as: with functional form
Area=f (agricultural production space, production of mining industry space ...) (1)
During " three lives " spatial simulation, number constraint part plays overall control effect, that is to say, that within a certain period of time
Cellular conversion quantity and direction be it is determining, this constraint condition cannot be violated；The three lives " amount of space can be from a certain period " three
It is obtained in life " spatial distribution map；
(b) absolute restricted area
Absolute restricted part is that the region of effect of contraction has been converted to " three lives " space；The data are two-value datas, only allow to count
Exist according to 0 and 1 the two numerical value, numerical value 0 is expressed as absolutely limiting space, i.e., the region does not allow space type to convert；1
It indicates non-absolute limiting substrate, that is, allows that spatial transformation occurs；
(c) ecological sensitivity constrains
Can ecological sensitivity reflect the cellular to a certain extent and be shifted between other cellulars, and formula can be with table
It is shown as:
Wherein,For the ecological sensitivity of t moment the i-th row j column cellular, x1To xnRespectively indicate n impact factor, α1To αnPoint
Not Wei n class factor weight, obtained by analytic hierarchy process (AHP), then by weighting ask it is legal calculate cellular ecological sensitivity；
Meanwhile, it is specified that the lesser region of preceding 80% ecological sensitivity is as can be into after calculating the ecological sensitivity of cellular
The region of row space conversion, the rear biggish region of 20% ecological sensitivity is as the region that cannot be converted；It can convert
Region be set as 1, the region that cannot be converted is set as 0；
(d) neighbourhood effect power
Using 3 × 3 moles of neighborhoods as moving window, by neighborhood neighbourhood effect power is defined as:
In formula,For cellular at the t-1 moment by the degree of neighbourhood effect, con () is a conditional function, when in neighborhood window
Non-central cellular it is consistent with center cellular when, otherwise value 1 is 0；It indicates in 3*3 window in t-1
Moment is the quantity of space type j；wjThe neighborhood weight of representation space type j；；It is worth bigger, the expansion of expression center cellular
Ability is stronger；
(e) space transfer cost
Space transfer is mainly used for studying the transforming relationship between different spaces type；The cost is a two-value type, when certain
Space-like type is converted into the higher cost of other space types, that, which is just used, 1 indicates that type is converted into other skies when certain space-like
Between type cost is relatively low, that is just used and 0 indicates；
(f) adaptive inertia coeffeicent
Adaptive inertia coeffeicent is primarily used to judgement, and when the development trend of certain space type, there are larger gaps with actual demand
When, i.e., the development trend of the space type is adjusted in next iteration, to realize that dynamic increases the quantity of the space type
The formula of adaptive inertia coeffeicent are as follows:
In formula,Refer to the inertia coeffeicent of space type j when moment t；Refer to t-1 the and t-2 moment
The pixel number of jth space-like and the difference of demand number；
Then, the possible probability of happening in space and the neighbourhood effect power of outside, space that training module automatically generates are converted into
This and inertia coeffeicent combine, and construct comprehensive transition probability index；Its formula is as follows:
In formula,Refer to the combined chance that moment t cellular i is shifted from luv space type to type j；PijRefer to cellular i
The probability that upper space type j may occur；Refer to the neighbourhood effect power of space type j on moment t cellular i；
Refer to the inertia coeffeicent of moment t space type j；scc→jRefer to the transfer shifted from luv space type c to target type j
Cost.
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| CN113361774A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-09-07 | 四川农业大学 | Ecological space intensive utilization optimization method and system |
| CN115147732A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-10-04 | 湖南省国土资源规划院 | Construction method and construction equipment of three-generation space transformation index model |
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