CN110068492B - Metallographic corrosive agent for advanced high-strength steel residual austenite dyeing and use method thereof - Google Patents
Metallographic corrosive agent for advanced high-strength steel residual austenite dyeing and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110068492B CN110068492B CN201810068253.0A CN201810068253A CN110068492B CN 110068492 B CN110068492 B CN 110068492B CN 201810068253 A CN201810068253 A CN 201810068253A CN 110068492 B CN110068492 B CN 110068492B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- metallographic
- corrosive agent
- strength steel
- residual austenite
- specimen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 27
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 24
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 22
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 21
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000885 Dual-phase steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000797 Ultra-high-strength steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021592 Copper(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000861 blow drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical group Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- LPUQAYUQRXPFSQ-DFWYDOINSA-M monosodium L-glutamate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O LPUQAYUQRXPFSQ-DFWYDOINSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000013923 monosodium glutamate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004223 monosodium glutamate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940001584 sodium metabisulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/30—Staining; Impregnating ; Fixation; Dehydration; Multistep processes for preparing samples of tissue, cell or nucleic acid material and the like for analysis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/32—Polishing; Etching
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Investigating And Analyzing Materials By Characteristic Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a metallographic corrosive agent for advanced high-strength steel residual austenite dyeing, which consists of an alcohol solution and a surface active agentPreparing a reagent; wherein the alcohol solution comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3.5 to 15 percent of sulfuric acid; 12-15% of hydrochloric acid; FeCl37 to 10 percent; the balance of absolute alcohol. In addition, the invention also discloses a using method of the metallographic corrosive, which comprises the following steps: and immersing the polished metallographic specimen into the metallographic corrosive for a period of time, then cleaning and drying the surface of the metallographic specimen, and observing the surface on a color microscope. The metallographic corrosive agent has good stability and simple formula, and when the metallographic corrosive agent is practically applied, various tissues of steel are corroded to have enough contrast and can be effectively distinguished, and particularly when advanced high-strength steel adopts the metallographic corrosive agent to carry out metallographic corrosion, the tissues of bainite, martensite, ferrite and residual austenite in the metallographic structure are all displayed and present different colors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a corrosive agent and a using method thereof, in particular to a corrosive agent suitable for steel grades and a using method thereof.
Background
Advanced high-strength steel is strengthened mainly through phase change, so the structure is relatively complex. The advanced high-strength steel structure contains martensite, ferrite, bainite and/or residual austenite, and the main steel series comprise dual-phase steel (DP), twin induced plasticity (TRIP) steel, complex phase steel (CP), quenching distribution steel (QP steel), martensite grade steel (Mart) and the like. Advanced High Strength Steel (AHSS) for automobiles is divided into hot rolled products, cold rolled products and hot galvanized products, and the process characteristics are that the strengthening is realized through phase change. The tensile strength of advanced high-strength steel can reach more than 1000MPa, more alloy elements are required to be added for achieving high strength, and reasonable service performance is achieved after hot rolling, annealing and cold rolling processes are strictly controlled.
The microstructure composition of the advanced high-strength steel is complex, and strict requirements are placed on the control of the component fraction of the advanced high-strength steel according to the difference of the service performance, wherein the content, volume, morphology and size of the retained austenite play an important role in the performance of the steel, so that the quantitative analysis of the retained austenite plays an important role in the research and application of the advanced high-strength steel.
The metallographic method is a commonly used method for identifying the structure, but for advanced high-strength steel, the difficulty of metallographic corrosion is that enough contrast difference exists between different structures after corrosion, namely various structures are accurately distinguished at the same time, and particularly, residual austenite and other structures in the various structures are distinguished.
Generally, corrosion methods for steel materials mainly include a black-and-white metallographic method and a color metallographic method.
The black-white metallographic method is suitable for most carbon steels, a common corrosive agent is a 2-5% nitric acid alcohol solution, ferrite and carbide can be distinguished easily by the black-white metallographic method, the corroded ferrite is white, the carbide is black, and the microstructure forms such as bainite, martensite, pearlite and the like can be further distinguished according to the distribution form of the carbide. However, the black-and-white metallographic method is difficult to distinguish the retained austenite, because the retained austenite is light gray after being corroded by the conventional nital solution, the contrast with ferrite is insufficient, the grain sizes of the retained austenite and the ferrite after cold machining are not greatly different, and when the black-and-white metallographic method is used for identifying the structure, other auxiliary means such as an X-ray diffraction method is generally needed to identify the retained austenite, so that the method is complicated, and the color metallographic method is more common in identifying the multiphase structure.
The color metallographic method adopts a certain corrosive to make each phase show different colors under a metallographic microscope provided with a color camera, forms enough contrast to distinguish the structure of the steel, and can further utilize metallographic analysis software matched with the microscope to carry out quantitative determination on the volume fraction of each phase. Therefore, the key to the color metallographic method is the etchant formulation and its method of use.
In the current color metallographic method, for dyeing of residual austenite in advanced high-strength steel, a current common corrosive agent is a Lepera reagent, namely 1-4% (NO) is adopted2)3C6H2OH (bitter)Monosodium glutamate) with supersaturated Na2S2O3Aqueous (sodium metabisulfite) solution, in a weight ratio of 1: 1 as a corrosive agent, and then immersing the sample into the corrosive liquid for corrosion, so that the sample has a blue orange gloss. After corrosion, the ferrite is blue, the bainite is brown, the martensite is white, and the retained austenite is gray. However, the adoption of the color metallographic method has two problems, one is that the stability of the corrosive is not enough, and even if the corrosion time is accurately controlled, the structure cannot be effectively corroded in many times; the second is that the contrast between the retained austenite and the martensite is still relatively small, and in many cases, the difference cannot be effectively distinguished.
Based on the above, it is desirable to obtain a metallographic corrosive agent, which can corrode various structures of steel types to form sufficient contrast and effectively distinguish the structures when used for identifying the microstructure of the steel types by a metallographic method, especially for advanced high-strength steel, and which has the advantages of simple formula, convenient configuration and good stability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a metallographic corrosive agent for dyeing residual austenite of advanced high-strength steel, which has the advantages of good stability, simple formula and convenient configuration, and when the metallographic corrosive agent is practically used, various tissues of the steel are corroded to have enough contrast and can be effectively distinguished, particularly, when the advanced high-strength steel is subjected to metallographic corrosion by using the metallographic corrosive agent, the tissues of bainite, martensite, ferrite and residual austenite in the metallographic structure are displayed and present different colors, particularly, the color difference between the residual austenite and the martensite is obvious, and the effect is superior to that of the corrosive agent in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a metallographic corrosive agent for advanced high-strength steel residual austenite dyeing, which is prepared from an alcohol solution and a surfactant; wherein the alcohol solution comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
3.5 to 15 percent of sulfuric acid;
12-15% of hydrochloric acid;
FeCl3 7-10％；
the balance of absolute alcohol.
The inventor discovers through a large amount of experimental researches that the metallographic corrosive agent prepared by the alcohol solution and the surfactant has good stability, simple formula and convenient preparation compared with the prior art, and in practical application, the metallographic corrosive agent disclosed by the invention can corrode various tissues of steel to form enough contrast and effectively distinguish the tissues, especially when high-strength steel is subjected to metallographic corrosion by adopting the metallographic corrosive agent disclosed by the invention, the tissues of bainite, martensite, ferrite and residual austenite in the metallographic structure are displayed and present different colors, especially the color difference between the residual austenite and the martensite is obvious, and the effect is superior to that of the corrosive agent in the prior art.
The design principle of each component of the alcohol solution in the metallographic corrosive agent is as follows:
sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and FeCl3The steel is a metallographic corrosive agent of carbon steel, and for the carbon steel, an ethanol solution of sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid is adopted to effectively distinguish ferrite from carbide, and after corrosion, the ferrite is white and the carbide is black. And FeCl3The ethanol solution has stronger corrosion effect than the two solutions, is suitable for corroding stainless steel or other high alloy steel, and has longer corrosion time than dilute sulfuric acid or dilute hydrochloric acid for corroding plain carbon steel.
As for ultrahigh-strength steel, the corrosion resistance of the ultrahigh-strength steel is far better than that of plain carbon steel due to higher total alloy content, particularly higher manganese content. The three corrosive agents are not ideal in effect when used singly, and one is that some tissues, especially residual austenite, cannot be corroded; secondly, the operation is inconvenient because long-time corrosion is needed. The metallographic corrosive disclosed by the invention can be used for well solving the problems.
In the preparation of the alcoholic solution of the present invention, concentrated hydrochloric acid (for example, 36.5% by mass of hydrochloric acid in the aqueous solution), concentrated sulfuric acid (for example, 98% by mass or more of sulfuric acid in the aqueous solution), and anhydrous alcohol as the rest are used, so as to reduce the water content in the alcoholic solution as much as possible, because the applicant has found through a lot of experimental studies that, when the water content in the alcoholic solution is higher, for example, the metallographic etching is performed by using a relatively dilute hydrochloric acid (for example, 20% by mass), the contrast difference between the retained austenite (the observed appearance color is gray) and the ferrite (the observed appearance color is white) becomes smaller and even can not be distinguished.
Based on the principle, in order to corrode various structures of the steel to form enough contrast and effectively distinguish the structures, particularly to display the structures of bainite, martensite, ferrite and residual austenite and present different colors when the advanced high-strength steel is subjected to metallographic corrosion, the inventor dyes the residual austenite of the advanced high-strength steel by using a metallographic corrosive agent prepared from an alcohol solution and a surfactant, wherein the mass percentage ratio of each component of the alcohol solution is controlled as follows: 3.5 to 15 percent of sulfuric acid; 12-15% of hydrochloric acid; FeCl37 to 10 percent; the balance is absolute alcohol, so that all tissues in the metallographic structure are obviously distinguished.
The mass percentages of the components of the alcohol solution are sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and FeCl3The alcohol solution accounts for the mass percent of the total volume of the alcohol solution.
Further, in the metallographic corrosive of the invention, the ratio of the surfactant to the alcohol solution is as follows: 0.5-1.0 g of surfactant is added per 100 ml of solution.
In the above scheme, metallographic corrosion is a chemical reaction process, and the effect of the surfactant is to make the reaction occur stably and keep the corroded surface in the same state for a long time, i.e. the repeatability of corrosion is strong. By comparison, the effect of repeated etching is stable after adding the surfactant to the same position of the same sample, but the corrosive without the surfactant cannot achieve the enhancement effect.
Still further, in the metallographic etchant according to the present invention, the surfactant is CuCl2、SnCl3And Na2At least one of S.
Accordingly, another object of the present invention is to provide a method for using the above metallographic etchant, wherein the metallographic etchant does not need to be heated when in use, and can be subjected to metallographic etching at normal temperature, and the operation process is simple.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a method for using the above metallographic etchant, comprising the steps of: and immersing the polished metallographic specimen into the metallographic corrosive for a period of time, then cleaning and drying the surface of the metallographic specimen, and observing the surface on a color microscope.
In the scheme of the invention, the adopted metallographic corrosive agent can carry out metallographic corrosion at normal temperature, so that when the metallographic corrosive agent is used, various tissues in the metallographic sample can be corroded to have enough contrast by immersing the polished metallographic sample into the metallographic corrosive agent for a period of time, and various tissues showing different colors, particularly bainite, martensite, ferrite and residual austenite in the metallographic structure are observed on a color microscope, wherein the residual austenite and the martensite have obvious color difference and excellent effect.
In addition, the metallographic corrosive disclosed by the invention has good stability, so that the corrosion time is easy to accurately control, and the tissue can be quickly and effectively corroded in a short time.
Further, in the using method of the invention, the polished metallographic specimen is immersed in the metallographic corrosive agent for 5-20 seconds.
Further, in the use method of the invention, when the surface of the metallographic specimen is cleaned, the metallographic specimen is cleaned by distilled water and then by absolute ethyl alcohol.
The metallographic corrosive for dyeing the residual austenite of the advanced high-strength steel has the advantages of good stability, simple formula and convenient configuration, and in practical application, the metallographic corrosive corrodes various tissues of the steel to form enough contrast and effectively distinguishes the tissues, particularly, when the metallographic corrosive corrodes the advanced high-strength steel by adopting the metallographic corrosive, the tissues of bainite, martensite, ferrite and residual austenite in the metallographic structure are displayed and present different colors, particularly, the color difference between the residual austenite and the martensite is obvious, and the effect is superior to that of the corrosive in the prior art.
In addition, the metallographic corrosive agent disclosed by the invention is wide in applicability and suitable for various advanced high-strength steel grades, such as dual-phase steel, twin crystal induced plasticity steel, complex phase steel and martensite grade steel.
In addition, when the metallographic corrosive agent is used, the metallographic corrosive agent does not need to be heated, namely the used metallographic corrosive agent can be subjected to metallographic corrosion at normal temperature, and the operation process is simple.
Moreover, when the metallographic corrosive disclosed by the invention is used for metallographic corrosion, ferrite, bainite, martensite and residual austenite can be effectively distinguished by only carrying out metallographic corrosion once.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows the structure of a metallographic specimen after metallographic etching with the metallographic etchant of example 1 of the present application.
Fig. 2 shows the structure of a metallographic specimen after metallographic etching with the metallographic etchant of example 2 of the present application.
Fig. 3 shows the structure of a metallographic specimen after metallographic etching with the metallographic etchant of example 3 of the present application.
Fig. 4 shows the structure of a metallographic specimen after metallographic etching with the metallographic etchant of example 4 of the present application.
Fig. 5 shows the structure of a metallographic specimen after metallographic etching with the metallographic etchant of example 5 of the present application.
Fig. 6 shows the structure of a metallographic specimen after metallographic etching with the metallographic etchant of example 6 of the present application.
Detailed Description
The metallographic etchant for advanced high-strength steel retained austenite staining and the method of using the same according to the present invention will be further explained and illustrated with reference to the drawings and the specific examples, which, however, should not be construed as unduly limiting the technical solutions of the present invention.
Examples 1 to 6
Table 1 shows the composition of the components of the metallographic etchant of examples 1 to 6.
Table 1.
Table 2 shows the mass percentages of the metallographic specimens etched by the metallographic etchant of examples 1 to 6.
Table 2.
The method of using the metallographic etchant of examples 1 to 6 employs the following steps:
and (3) polishing the metallographic specimen in the table 2, immersing the metallographic specimen obtained after polishing into the metallographic corrosive agent listed in the table 1 for 5-20 seconds, then cleaning and blow-drying the surface of the metallographic specimen, and observing the surface on a color microscope.
In some other embodiments, the surface of the metallographic specimen is cleaned by distilled water and then by absolute alcohol.
The results observed in the color microscope are shown in fig. 1 to 6. Fig. 1 to 6 show the structure of metallographic specimens which were metalloetched by the metallographic etchant of examples 1 to 6, respectively.
Fig. 1 shows the structure of a metallographic specimen after metallographic etching with the metallographic etchant of example 1 of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, in the metallographic specimen after metallographic etching by the metallographic etchant of example 1 of the present application, a metallographic structure is shown as retained austenite at a position a, and a brown flocculent structure is observed in a color microscope at a position a; the metallographic structure of the sample B is martensite, and the appearance of the sample B observed in a color microscope is light blue needle-shaped structure; the metallographic structure of the C part is bainite, and the appearance of the C part observed in a color microscope is a white lath-shaped structure.
Fig. 2 shows the structure of a metallographic specimen after metallographic etching with the metallographic etchant of example 2 of the present application.
As shown in fig. 2, in the metallographic specimen after metallographic etching by the metallographic etchant of example 2 of the present application, a metallographic structure of retained austenite is shown at position D, and a brown flocculent structure is observed in a color microscope at position D; the position E shows that the metallographic structure is martensite, and the appearance observed in a color microscope at the position E is light blue acicular structure; and the part F shows that the metallographic structure is bainite, and the appearance observed in a color microscope at the part F is a white lath-shaped structure.
Fig. 3 shows the structure of a metallographic specimen after metallographic etching with the metallographic etchant of example 3 of the present application.
As shown in fig. 3, in the metallographic specimen after metallographic etching by the metallographic etchant of example 3 of the present application, the metallographic structure is ferrite as shown in the G position, and the appearance of the metallographic specimen as observed in the color microscope as a white lumpy structure is shown in the G position; the position H shows that the metallographic structure is martensite, and the appearance observed in a color microscope at the position H is light blue acicular structure; the metallographic structure of the I part is bainite, and the appearance of the I part observed in a color microscope is a white lath-shaped structure.
Fig. 4 shows the structure of a metallographic specimen after metallographic etching with the metallographic etchant of example 4 of the present application.
As shown in fig. 4, in the metallographic specimen after metallographic etching by the metallographic etchant of example 4 of the present application, a metallographic structure of martensite is shown at a position J, and a appearance of the metallographic specimen observed in a color microscope is a blue needle-like structure at the position J; the metallographic structure of the K part is ferrite, and the appearance of the K part observed in a color microscope is a white point-shaped structure; and the position M shows that the metallographic structure is residual austenite, and the appearance of the position M observed in a color microscope is a black point-shaped structure.
Fig. 5 shows the structure of a metallographic specimen after metallographic etching with the metallographic etchant of example 5 of the present application.
As shown in fig. 5, in the metallographic specimen after metallographic etching by the metallographic etchant of example 5 of the present application, the metallographic structure at the position N shows martensite, and the appearance observed in the color microscope at the position N shows a blue needle-like structure; the metallographic structure of the P part is bainite, and the appearance of the P part observed in a color microscope is a white lath-shaped structure; and the metallographic structure of the Q part is ferrite, and the appearance of the Q part is a white block structure observed in a color microscope.
Fig. 6 shows the structure of a metallographic specimen after metallographic etching with the metallographic etchant of example 6 of the present application.
As shown in fig. 6, in the metallographic specimen after metallographic etching by the metallographic etchant of example 6 of the present application, a metallographic structure of retained austenite is shown at a position R, and a shape of the metallographic specimen at the position R observed in a color microscope is a black bulk structure; the metallographic structure of the S part is martensite, and the appearance of the S part observed in a color microscope is a blue acicular structure; the T part shows that the metallographic structure is ferrite, and the appearance observed in a color microscope at the T part is a white blocky structure; the V part shows that the metallographic structure is bainite, and the appearance of the V part is a white lath-shaped structure observed in a color microscope
As can be seen by combining tables 1-2 and fig. 1 to 6, the metallographic etchant of each embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of good gold stability, simple formula and convenient configuration, and can corrode various structures of steel to form sufficient contrast and effectively distinguish the structures after metallographic etching, particularly, when advanced high-strength steel is subjected to metallographic etching by using the metallographic etchant, the structures of bainite, martensite, ferrite and residual austenite in the metallographic structure are displayed, and different colors are presented, particularly, the color difference between the residual austenite and martensite is significant, and the effect is superior to that of the etchant in the prior art.
In addition, the metallographic corrosive agent in each embodiment of the scheme has wide applicability, is suitable for various advanced high-strength steel grades, and can be used for dual-phase steel, twin crystal induced plasticity steel, complex phase steel and martensite grade steel.
In addition, when the metallographic corrosive agent of each embodiment of the scheme is used, the metallographic corrosive agent is not required to be heated, namely the metallographic corrosive agent can be used for metallographic corrosion at normal temperature, the operation process is simple, and ferrite, bainite, martensite and residual austenite can be effectively distinguished by only carrying out metallographic corrosion once.
It should be noted that the prior art in the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples given in the present application, and all the prior art which is not inconsistent with the technical scheme of the present invention, including but not limited to the prior patent documents, the prior publications and the like, can be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the combination of the features in the present application is not limited to the combination described in the claims of the present application or the combination described in the embodiments, and all the features described in the present application may be freely combined or combined in any manner unless contradictory to each other.
It should also be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention. It is apparent that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and similar changes or modifications can be easily made by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention and shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A metallographic corrosive agent for advanced high-strength steel residual austenite dyeing is characterized by being prepared from an alcohol solution and a surfactant; wherein the alcohol solution comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
3.5 to 15 percent of sulfuric acid;
12-15% of hydrochloric acid;
FeCl3 7-10％；
the balance of absolute alcohol;
wherein the proportion of the surface active agent to the alcohol solution is as follows: adding 0.5-1.0 g of surfactant which is CuCl into 100 ml of alcohol solution2、SnCl3And Na2At least one of S.
2. The method of using a metallographic etchant according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: and immersing the polished metallographic specimen into the metallographic corrosive for a period of time, then cleaning and drying the surface of the metallographic specimen, and observing the surface on a color microscope.
3. Use according to claim 2, characterized in that the polished metallographic specimen is immersed in the metallographic etchant for 5 to 20 seconds.
4. The use according to claim 2, wherein the metallographic specimen is cleaned by washing with distilled water and then with absolute alcohol.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810068253.0A CN110068492B (en) | 2018-01-24 | 2018-01-24 | Metallographic corrosive agent for advanced high-strength steel residual austenite dyeing and use method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810068253.0A CN110068492B (en) | 2018-01-24 | 2018-01-24 | Metallographic corrosive agent for advanced high-strength steel residual austenite dyeing and use method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110068492A CN110068492A (en) | 2019-07-30 |
| CN110068492B true CN110068492B (en) | 2021-06-15 |
Family
ID=67365437
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810068253.0A Active CN110068492B (en) | 2018-01-24 | 2018-01-24 | Metallographic corrosive agent for advanced high-strength steel residual austenite dyeing and use method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110068492B (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110983339B (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2021-04-06 | 南京工业大学 | Biphase stainless steel metallographic corrosive liquid and use method thereof |
| CN112129755B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2022-03-18 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Method for detecting martensite content in high-strength dual-phase steel |
| CN113046750A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-29 | 中钢不锈钢管业科技山西有限公司 | Corrosive agent for microstructure of austenitic stainless steel and carbon steel composite plate and corrosion method thereof |
| CN113061892B (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2022-06-17 | 本钢板材股份有限公司 | Metallographic measurement method for martensite area content of ferrite-martensite dual-phase steel |
| CN113403621B (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2023-03-14 | 武钢集团昆明钢铁股份有限公司 | Metallographic corrosive agent for austenitic Fe-Mn-Al-C series low-density high-strength steel and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113913827B (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2023-05-16 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Quenching and tempering state zinc-plated carbon steel metallographic corrosive agent and application thereof |
| CN113899605B (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2022-09-30 | 北京科技大学 | Quantitative analysis method for volume content of each phase in QP steel |
| CN114481134B (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2024-04-30 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Corrosive liquid for displaying austenitic grain size of T91 steel and method for displaying austenitic grain size of T91 steel |
| CN116083909B (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2024-09-17 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | 9-12Cr series heat-resistant steel precipitated phase corrosive and display method |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005164340A (en) * | 2003-12-01 | 2005-06-23 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | Corrosion method due to corrosive liquid for microscopically detecting metal texture of martensite stainless steel or alloy tool steel |
| CN102023112B (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2013-01-09 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Corrosive agent for displaying ultra-low carbon steel solidification dendritic structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN102174699B (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2012-08-29 | 沈阳东北大学冶金技术研究所有限公司 | Dendritic crystal corrosion macroscopic examination reagent for solidification structures and defects of continuous cast blank and preparation method thereof |
| JP2014198862A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2014-10-23 | 大同特殊鋼株式会社 | Colored etchant and etching method capable of identifying retained austenite from other structure |
| CN104020033A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-09-03 | 天津诚信达金属检测技术有限公司 | Normal temperature 9Cr-1Mo classification steel grain boundary display corrosive agent |
| CN104236980A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2014-12-24 | 钢铁研究总院 | Retained austenite contained dual phase steel color metallography coloring agent and coloring display method |
| CN105671553B (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2018-05-11 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of austenitic stainless steel aggressive agent and its preparation method and application |
| CN105386057B (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2018-01-09 | 太原理工大学 | Show the aggressive agent and its corrosion method of Fe 36Ni invar alloy solidification arborescent structure |
| CN105780005B (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2019-01-18 | 太原理工大学 | Show cold erosion agent and the caustic solution of 800H abros arborescent structure |
| CN107367510B (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2020-03-31 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for measuring isometric crystal rate of high-carbon steel continuous casting billet |
| CN106086893B (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2018-12-25 | 洛阳双瑞特种装备有限公司 | For showing the corrosive agent and method of low-alloy high-strength steel welding heat affected zone subregion |
| CN106596235A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-04-26 | 东北大学 | Dendritic crystal corroding agent for high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN107574439B (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2020-01-21 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司 | Etching agent for displaying original austenite grain boundary of FB2 steel, preparation method and application |
-
2018
- 2018-01-24 CN CN201810068253.0A patent/CN110068492B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110068492A (en) | 2019-07-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110068492B (en) | Metallographic corrosive agent for advanced high-strength steel residual austenite dyeing and use method thereof | |
| CN107014661B (en) | A kind of caustic solution showing high nitrogen martensitic stain less steel original austenite crystal boundary | |
| Kumar et al. | Effect of texture on corrosion behavior of AISI 304L stainless steel | |
| Hong et al. | Evaluation of aged duplex stainless steel UNS S32750 susceptibility to intergranular corrosion by optimized double loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation method | |
| Fratesi et al. | Contemporary use of Ni and Bi in hot-dip galvanizing | |
| CN102985579B (en) | Low-nickel austenitic stainless steel and use of the steel | |
| CN101995349B (en) | Corrosive agent for metallographic structure of high-steel-grade pipeline steel and display method | |
| CN110462085A (en) | Martensitic stain less steel material | |
| Shu et al. | The effect of copper and molybdenum on pitting corrosion and stress corrosion cracking behavior of ultra-pure ferritic stainless steels | |
| Vander Voort | Color metallography | |
| CN104593775B (en) | For observing δ-Ni in ferronickel based high-temperature alloy tissue3the metallographic etching agent of Nb phase and using method thereof | |
| Azuma et al. | Effect of nickel alloying on crevice corrosion resistance of stainless steels | |
| Ha et al. | Understanding the relation between phase fraction and pitting corrosion resistance of UNS S32750 stainless steel | |
| CN107340170B (en) | Corrosion method for displaying as-cast high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel grain boundary | |
| Bülbül et al. | Corrosion behaviours of high Cr–Ni cast steels in the HCl solution | |
| CN108179420A (en) | A kind of carbon steel and austenite stainless steel composite material microscopic structure corrosive agent and caustic solution | |
| CN111811912A (en) | Metallographic corrosion method for high-carbon martensitic stainless steel grain boundary | |
| CN113358646B (en) | Corrosive agent for testing 16MnCr5 steel austenite grain boundary and testing method thereof | |
| CN104988370A (en) | Aluminium alloy | |
| Salamcı et al. | Effect of microstructure on corrosion behavior of dual-phase steels | |
| Celada et al. | Chemical banding revealed by chemical etching in a cold-rolled metastable stainless steel | |
| CN106319370B (en) | With excellent plasticity and high-intensitive middle chrome ferritic stainless steel and its manufacturing method | |
| CN109487175A (en) | A kind of high-strength corrosion-resisting sucker rod and its preparation process | |
| CN110438511A (en) | A kind of rust-proofing method of stainless steel support | |
| CN106757031A (en) | A kind of high alloyed austenitic body microscopic structure of stainless steel and σ interphases colour corrosive agent and caustic solution |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |