CN110068443B - Wind tunnel force test model quick-pulling tool and application thereof - Google Patents

Wind tunnel force test model quick-pulling tool and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110068443B
CN110068443B CN201910473268.XA CN201910473268A CN110068443B CN 110068443 B CN110068443 B CN 110068443B CN 201910473268 A CN201910473268 A CN 201910473268A CN 110068443 B CN110068443 B CN 110068443B
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model
connecting screw
rod
pull rod
cross beam
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CN110068443A (en
Inventor
邓路军
师建元
周洪
毛代勇
郑晓东
杨昕鹏
景光松
左金
郝东
何登
叶伟
付涌
杨可朋
吴磊
邵帅
谢晨雨
金炜
李楠
江忠文
菅永刚
徐猛
吴晗
陈庭
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High Speed Aerodynamics Research Institute of China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center
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High Speed Aerodynamics Research Institute of China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M9/00Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind tunnel force test model quick-pulling tool and application thereof, belongs to the field of wind tunnel tests, and aims to solve the problem that a universal quick-pulling tool suitable for a wind tunnel force test model is lacking in the market at present. The device comprises a cross beam, a connecting screw rod and a pulling-out assembly, wherein the connecting screw rod penetrates through the cross beam and is in threaded connection with the cross beam; the pull-out assembly is a group, the pull-out assembly is connected with the cross beam and is arranged on two sides of the connecting screw rod. By adopting the invention, the model can be quickly separated from the model supporting rod, and the purpose that the model is pulled out is achieved. By adopting the invention, in the screwing process, a worker can visually observe the disengaging process, so that the disengaging process is safer and more reliable, and the efficiency is greatly improved. In addition, the quick pulling tool is suitable for a 90% force test model of a wind tunnel, and has extremely strong adaptability. The application has the advantages of ingenious conception, reasonable design, convenient use, higher application value and better application prospect.

Description

Wind tunnel force test model quick-pulling tool and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wind tunnel tests, in particular to the field of mechanical structures of wind tunnel tests, and specifically relates to a wind tunnel force test model quick-pulling tool and application thereof.
Background
Before wind tunnel test, the test model needs to be installed on a wind tunnel supporting rod. For a force measurement test model, the front end of the supporting rod is connected with a force measurement balance; because the wind tunnel test balance is high-precision equipment, the model tensioning holes are not allowed to be formed in the step positions on two sides of the balance, and only the model tensioning holes can be formed in the central axis of the balance, so that a transition copper sleeve is additionally needed for tensioning the balance and the model, and the model is prevented from rolling in the blowing test process, and the safety of the model and the safety of test data are prevented from being influenced. The larger the model is, the larger the tension force used by the staff is, so that the model can be ensured to be tensioned and then blown without rolling; when the test task is completed, the model needs to be removed and boxed.
At present, 90% of force measuring models of wind tunnels are provided with pull-out holes at the connecting positions of the front section of the model and the middle section of the model, and the sizes of the pull-out holes depend on the sizes of the models. In the process of detaching the force measuring model, the front section of the model is detached firstly, and then the model is detached from the balance under the action of a pulling tool and a pulling pin hole, wherein the process is the most important process of the model detaching process; only after the model is separated from the balance, the middle section and the tail end of the model can be removed. However, in actual testing, many units do not know the installation mode of the wind tunnel test model, so that a model designer does not consider how the field model is removed at all; or various processed extracting tools can not be used at all; the extraction tool of part of the models has great machining errors, and cannot be used, even some models have no extraction tool at all. Based on the above, the staff cannot disconnect the model from the balance, which results in the next test not being performed, affecting the test task. For example, the pull-out tool of a certain type of force measuring model of a certain large wind tunnel is in a cup shape, and when the pull-out tool is used for pulling out the model, a worker cannot visually observe the detachment process; in the ejection process, the ejector rod is deflected and misplaced after being forced, so that the screw thread used for tensioning on the balance is forced to be ejected, the balance is scrapped, and the balance is suitable for the opposite.
At present, no universal quick pulling tool suitable for wind tunnel force test models exists on the market. For this reason, a new device is urgently needed to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: aiming at the problem that the universal quick pulling tool suitable for the wind tunnel force test model is lacking in the market at present, the quick pulling tool for the wind tunnel force test model and the application thereof are provided. By adopting the invention, the model can be quickly separated from the model supporting rod, and the purpose that the model is pulled out is achieved. By adopting the invention, in the screwing process, a worker can visually observe the disengaging process, so that the disengaging process is safer and more reliable, and the efficiency is greatly improved. In addition, the quick pulling tool is suitable for a 90% force test model of a wind tunnel, and has extremely strong adaptability.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the wind tunnel force test model quick-pulling tool comprises a cross beam, a connecting screw rod and a pulling assembly, wherein the connecting screw rod penetrates through the cross beam and is in threaded connection with the cross beam;
the extraction assemblies are a group and are connected with the cross beam and are arranged on two sides of the connecting screw rod;
the pulling-out assembly comprises a beam pull rod, a transition head, a connecting screw and a pulling-out pin, the pulling-out assembly is connected with the beam through the beam pull rod, the beam pull rod is connected with the transition head through the connecting screw, and the axis of the beam pull rod and the axis of the transition head are respectively parallel to the axis of the connecting screw; the die drawing pin is movably connected with the transition head, and the transition head is connected with the die drawing pin to form an L shape;
the two pattern drawing pins are arranged in opposite directions.
The sum of the thickness of the beam pull rod and the thickness of the transition head is the same as the thread length of the connecting screw.
The connecting screw rod, the connecting screw rod and the pattern drawing pin are made of high-strength materials.
The connecting screw rod, the connecting screw rod and the pattern drawing pin are made of metal materials.
According to the different force test models, the transition heads with different diameters are selected to meet the pulling-out of the force test models with different sizes.
The fit clearance between the cross beam and the cross beam pull rod is small so that the stress of the cross beam pull rod is uniform.
The beam pull rod and the transition head are respectively provided with a threaded hole and the threaded holes are equal in size, and the beam pull rod is connected with the transition head through connecting screws.
The connecting screw comprises a rod body, a conical head arranged at one end of the rod body and a rod head arranged at the other end of the conical body, wherein the rod head, the rod body and the conical head are integrally formed.
The club head is square or polygonal.
One end of the beam pull rod is provided with a sliding sleeve, and the beam pull rod is connected with the beam through the sliding sleeve.
The cross beam and the transition head are respectively linear, and the axis of the cross beam is perpendicular to the axis of the cross beam pull rod.
The sliding sleeve of the cross beam pull rod is rectangular.
The quick pulling tool is applied to a wind tunnel force test model.
It is used to disengage the model from the balance.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) Removing the front section of the model to be removed, measuring the diameter of a drawing pin hole at the connecting position of the front section of the model and the middle section of the model by using a caliper, and selecting a drawing pin and a transition head with the same diameter as the drawing pin hole for standby;
(2) The beam pull rod and the transition head are connected into a whole through the connecting screw, and the beam pull rod and the transition head form an intermediate assembly, so that the axis of the beam pull rod and the axis of the transition head are kept parallel;
(3) Screwing the connecting screw into a middle threaded hole of the cross beam, and installing the middle assembly in the step (2) on the cross beam, wherein the middle assembly is arranged at two sides of the connecting screw;
(4) Adjusting the screwing amount of the connecting screw relative to the cross beam according to the position of the drawing pin hole at the connecting position of the front section of the model and the middle section of the model and the position at which the model is tensioned;
(5) According to the connection position between the front section of the model and the middle section of the model, the position of the middle assembly on the beam is adjusted; in the adjusting process, the axis of the connecting screw is ensured to be positioned at the center of the beam pull rods at the two sides;
(6) Selecting a jacking screw with the same size as the threads of the force measuring balance, screwing the jacking screw into a threaded hole for tensioning the force measuring balance and the model, and keeping a certain gap between the jacking screw and the force measuring balance without tensioning; inserting a pattern drawing pin into a pattern drawing pin hole at the connecting position of the front section and the middle section of the model; then, the jacking screw is clamped and prevented from rotating; and finally, enabling the tail end conical head of the connecting screw rod to prop against the propping screw rod by rotating the connecting screw rod, and continuing to rotate the connecting screw rod until the model is separated from the force measuring balance.
In the step 2, the beam pull rod and the transition head are tightly attached and the axes are kept parallel.
In the step 6, the gap between the jacking screw and the force measuring balance is 3-4 mm.
The jacking screw is an outer hexagon screw; in the step 6, the tightening screw is clamped by a spanner and cannot be rotated.
Aiming at the problems, the application provides a wind tunnel force test model quick-pulling tool. The quick pulling tool comprises a cross beam, a connecting screw and pulling-out components, wherein the pulling-out components are in a group. In this application, the crossbeam middle part design has the screw thread through-hole, and connecting screw passes the screw thread through-hole on the crossbeam, passes through threaded connection between connecting screw and the crossbeam promptly. By adopting the mode, the rapid extraction of the follow-up model is facilitated. Simultaneously, the pull-out subassembly of this application sets up in connecting screw's both sides respectively. Wherein, the connecting screw adopts full thread design.
In this application, pull out the subassembly and include crossbeam pull rod, transition head, connecting screw, draft pin, crossbeam pull rod and crossbeam swing joint, the crossbeam pull rod passes through connecting screw and links to each other with the transition head, draft pin and transition head swing joint. In this application, transition head links to each other with the pattern drawing round pin and is the L type, and two pattern drawing round pins set up in opposite directions, and the opening of L type sets up in opposite directions promptly. Simultaneously, the axis of the beam pull rod and the axis of the transition head are respectively parallel to the axis of the connecting screw rod. In this application, connecting screw, pattern drawing round pin adopts high strength metal material to make.
Further, the connecting screw comprises a rod body, a conical head and a rod head, wherein the conical head and the rod head are respectively arranged at two ends of the rod body, and the rod head, the rod body and the conical head are integrally formed. Preferably, the club head is square or polygonal.
Further, one end of the beam pull rod is provided with a sliding sleeve, and the beam pull rod is connected with the beam through the sliding sleeve on the beam pull rod; the cross beam and the transition head are respectively linear, and the axis of the cross beam is vertical to the axis of the cross beam pull rod; the sliding sleeve of the cross beam pull rod is rectangular. Based on this structure, the crossbeam pull rod can be convenient through the position of its relative crossbeam of change of sliding sleeve, realizes the regulation effect, satisfies the demand of follow-up not equidimension model draft.
Further, the beam pull rod and the transition head are respectively provided with a threaded hole, the threaded holes of the beam pull rod are equal to the threaded holes of the transition head, and the beam pull rod is connected with the transition head through a connecting screw. Pin holes of the draft section of the wind tunnel test model are different in size; the smaller the model is, the smaller the pin hole of the drawing section is; the larger the pattern, the larger the pin hole of the pattern drawing section. The smaller the model, the pin Kong Pianda when the model is pulled out will affect the connection strength between the front section of the model and the middle section of the model, resulting in low safety factor of the model in the blowing test. The larger the model is, the tighter the model is pulled before the test, and the larger the required pulling force is, so that the pin hole of the pulling die is made larger, thereby ensuring that the pin is not bent or sheared in the process of pulling out the model. According to the needs, the pulling tool is provided with the transition heads with various diameters and the pulling pins (according to the different models, the transition heads with various diameters and the pulling pins are arranged, so that the pulling tool is convenient and quick to change, and can meet the pulling of force measuring models with different sizes). Meanwhile, the thicknesses of the beam pull rod and the transition head are equal to the thread length of the connecting screw, so that the beam pull rod and the transition head can be tightly connected by using the high-strength connecting screw without gaps, the beam pull rod cannot swing up and down and left and right when the model is pulled out, the connecting screw is prevented from being broken by overload shearing force, and the model pulling-out efficiency is high.
Meanwhile, the beam pull rod of the pulling tool can be adjusted on the beam, and the fit clearance is small, so that the pulling of force measuring models with different shapes can be met, and the limitation that a special pulling tool must be configured for a traditional force measuring model is avoided (namely, the pulling of force measuring models with different sizes can be met by adjusting the position distance of the beam pull rod on the beam). In this application, the fit clearance of crossbeam and crossbeam pull rod is little, makes the crossbeam pull rod atress even, has guaranteed that connecting screw rod (full screw thread) pushes up on force balance central axis all the time, and model extraction efficiency is high. When the model is pulled out by the method, the pulling-out efficiency can be effectively improved, and the method has good adaptability.
Further, the application of the device is claimed. In the method, an external hexagonal ejection screw with the same size as the screw hole is required to be placed at the screw hole position of the balance, the reverse ejection force of the model is very large at the moment when the force measuring model is disconnected from the force measuring balance, if the model is not clamped by the external hexagonal screw with the screw thread, a certain distance can be reversely ejected after the model is disconnected, the balance is scratched by the inner cavity of the model when the situation is lighter, and the model can fly in severe cases, so that the model is damaged and casualties occur.
To sum up, the pulling tool of the application is adopted, and the force test models with different sizes and different shapes can be pulled out rapidly by adjusting the position of the beam pull rod on the beam and replacing the transition heads and the pulling pins with different diameters. The application has the advantages of ingenious conception, reasonable design, convenient use, higher application value and better application prospect.
Drawings
The invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure of the quick pull tool in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the disassembly of the parts of the quick pull tool of embodiment 1.
The marks in the figure: 1. the device comprises a beam, a connecting screw rod, a beam pull rod, a transition head, a connecting screw, a die drawing pin and a die drawing pin, wherein the beam is 2, the connecting screw rod, the beam pull rod is 3, the transition head is 5, the connecting screw is 6, and the die drawing pin is provided.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in a method or process disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features or steps.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the same or equivalent purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
Example 1
As shown in the figure, the wind tunnel force test model quick-pulling tool of the embodiment comprises a cross beam, a connecting screw and a pulling-out assembly. The connecting screw rod passes through the cross beam, and adopts threaded connection between connecting screw rod and the cross beam (as shown in the figure, the cross beam is provided with a middle threaded hole, and the connecting screw rod is connected with the middle threaded hole of the cross beam). The connecting screw rod adopts full thread structure, through rotatory connecting screw rod, can change the relative position between connecting screw rod and the crossbeam. Simultaneously, pull out the subassembly and include crossbeam pull rod, transition head, connecting screw, pattern drawing round pin. The pulling-out assembly is connected with the cross beam through a cross beam pull rod; the cross beam pull rod is connected with the transition head through a connecting screw, and the sum of the thickness of the cross beam pull rod and the thickness of the transition head is the same as the thread length of the connecting screw; the drawing pin is movably connected with the transition head, and the transition head is connected with the drawing pin to form an L shape. As shown in the figure, the transition head is in a linear type, and the axis of the beam pull rod and the axis of the transition head are respectively parallel to the axis of the connecting screw rod. In this embodiment, pull out the subassembly and be a set of, pull out the subassembly symmetry and set up in connecting screw both sides, and two draft pins set up in opposite directions. Meanwhile, the connecting screw rod and the pattern drawing pin are made of high-strength metal materials.
In this embodiment, crossbeam pull rod, transition head all are provided with screw hole and screw hole equi-large, and the crossbeam pull rod passes through connecting screw and links to each other with the transition head. Preferably, the connecting screw comprises a rod body, a conical head and a rod head, wherein the rod head is square, the conical head and the rod head are respectively arranged at two ends of the rod body, and the rod head, the rod body and the conical head are integrally formed. Preferably, one end of the beam pull rod is provided with a rectangular sliding sleeve, and the beam pull rod is connected with the beam through the rectangular sliding sleeve.
The quick pull tool of the present application is used for disengagement of the model from the load cell, and is specifically operated as follows.
(1) And (3) detaching the front section of the model to be detached, measuring the diameter of a drawing pin hole at the connecting position of the front section of the model and the middle section of the model by using a caliper, and selecting a high-strength drawing pin (two pieces) with the diameter equal to the measured value and a transition head (two pieces) with the same diameter to be placed on one side for standby.
(2) The beam pull rod and the transition head are connected by a high-strength connecting screw to form the intermediate assembly. In the connecting process, the beam pull rod and the transition head are required to be tightly attached, and the axes are kept parallel.
(3) And (3) screwing the connecting screw (full thread) into the middle threaded hole of the cross beam, and then installing the middle assembly in the step (2) on two sides of the cross beam respectively. Because the fit clearance between the middle assembly and the cross beam is very small, the middle assembly and the cross beam are required to be installed in the horizontal direction during installation, so that the occurrence of other clamping is avoided, and the disassembly is difficult.
(4) And adjusting the screwing amount of the connecting screw relative to the cross beam according to the position of the drawing pin hole at the connecting position of the front section of the model and the middle section of the model and the tightening position of the model.
(5) And adjusting the position of the middle assembly on the beam according to the connection position of the front section of the model and the middle section of the model. In the adjusting process, the axis of the connecting screw is ensured to be positioned at the center of the beam pull rods at the two sides.
(6) And selecting an outer hexagon screw with the same size as the threads of the force measuring balance, screwing the outer hexagon screw into a threaded hole for tensioning the force measuring balance and the model, and enabling the outer hexagon screw and the force measuring balance to leave a gap of 3-4 mm without tensioning. And inserting the pattern drawing pin into the transition head of the intermediate assembly, and inserting the pattern drawing pin into the pattern drawing pin hole at the connection position of the front section of the pattern and the middle section of the pattern. Then, the outer hexagonal screw is caught by a wrench so as not to be rotated. Finally, the square head of the connecting screw rod is screwed to enable the cone head of the connecting screw rod to prop against the outer hexagon screw rod, and the connecting screw rod is continuously rotated until the model is separated from the force measuring balance, so that the purpose that the model is pulled out is achieved.
In this embodiment, the connecting screw (full thread) is always propped against the central axis of the force measuring balance, the front section of the central axis of the force measuring balance is a tightening screw hole of the model, and when the force measuring model is pulled out, an external hexagonal propping screw with the same size as the screw hole needs to be placed at the position of the screw hole of the balance, so that the connecting screw (full thread) can be propped against the screw, and the screw thread of the force measuring balance is prevented from being damaged.
By adopting the die pulling tool, in the die pulling process, a worker can observe the die pulling process by naked eyes by using the pulling tool, and clamp the outer hexagon screw for ejection by using a wrench, so that the screw is prevented from rotating, and the die is prevented from being secondarily tensioned in the ejection process, so that the efficiency is affected.
The above embodiments are merely examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any equivalents based on the above embodiments are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. I.e., the invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification, and to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of the method or process disclosed.

Claims (8)

1. The wind tunnel force test model quick-pulling tool is characterized by comprising a cross beam, a connecting screw rod and a pulling assembly, wherein the connecting screw rod penetrates through the cross beam, and the connecting screw rod is in threaded connection with the cross beam;
the extraction assemblies are a group and are connected with the cross beam and are arranged on two sides of the connecting screw rod;
the pulling-out assembly comprises a beam pull rod, a transition head, a connecting screw and a pulling-out pin, the pulling-out assembly is connected with the beam through the beam pull rod, the beam pull rod is connected with the transition head through the connecting screw, and the axis of the beam pull rod and the axis of the transition head are respectively parallel to the axis of the connecting screw; the die drawing pin is movably connected with the transition head, and the transition head is connected with the die drawing pin to form an L shape;
the two pattern drawing pins are arranged in opposite directions;
one end of the beam pull rod is provided with a sliding sleeve, and the beam pull rod is connected with the beam through the sliding sleeve;
the cross beam and the transition head are respectively linear, and the axis of the cross beam is perpendicular to the axis of the cross beam pull rod.
2. The wind tunnel force test model quick pull tool according to claim 1, wherein the sum of the thickness of the beam pull rod and the thickness of the transition head is the same as the thread length of the connecting screw.
3. The wind tunnel force test model quick pull tool according to claim 1, wherein the connecting screw rod, the connecting screw rod and the mold pulling pin are made of high-strength materials.
4. The wind tunnel force test model quick pulling tool according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the beam pull rod and the transition head are respectively provided with threaded holes and the threaded holes are equal in size, and the beam pull rod is connected with the transition head through connecting screws.
5. The wind tunnel force test model quick pulling tool according to claim 1, wherein the connecting screw comprises a rod body, a conical head arranged at one end of the rod body and a rod head arranged at the other end of the conical body, and the rod head, the rod body and the conical head are integrally formed.
6. Use of the quick pull tool according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 5 in a wind tunnel force test model.
7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that it is used for decoupling the model from the balance.
8. Use according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
(1) Removing the front section of the model to be removed, measuring the diameter of a drawing pin hole at the connecting position of the front section of the model and the middle section of the model by using a caliper, and selecting a drawing pin and a transition head with the same diameter as the drawing pin hole for standby;
(2) The beam pull rod and the transition head are connected into a whole through the connecting screw, and the beam pull rod and the transition head form an intermediate assembly, so that the axis of the beam pull rod and the axis of the transition head are kept parallel;
(3) Screwing the connecting screw into a middle threaded hole of the cross beam, and installing the middle assembly in the step (2) on the cross beam, wherein the middle assembly is arranged at two sides of the connecting screw;
(4) Adjusting the screwing amount of the connecting screw relative to the cross beam according to the position of the drawing pin hole at the connecting position of the front section of the model and the middle section of the model and the position at which the model is tensioned;
(5) According to the connection position between the front section of the model and the middle section of the model, the position of the middle assembly on the beam is adjusted; in the adjusting process, the axis of the connecting screw is ensured to be positioned at the center of the beam pull rods at the two sides;
(6) Selecting a jacking screw with the same size as the threads of the force measuring balance, screwing the jacking screw into a threaded hole for tensioning the force measuring balance and the model, and keeping a certain gap between the jacking screw and the force measuring balance without tensioning; inserting a pattern drawing pin into a pattern drawing pin hole at the connecting position of the front section and the middle section of the model; then, the jacking screw is clamped and prevented from rotating; and finally, enabling the tail end conical head of the connecting screw rod to prop against the propping screw rod by rotating the connecting screw rod, and continuing to rotate the connecting screw rod until the model is separated from the force measuring balance.
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Title
小展弦比飞翼布局高速标模测力天平研制;史玉杰;黄勇;田正波;;实验流体力学(第05期);全文 *
尾翼展开部件测力天平技术研究;张立松;程磊;黄湛;;电子测量技术(第06期);全文 *

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