CN110068411A - A kind of measurement gate moves the experimental rig and method of dynamic frictional resistance when water closes - Google Patents
A kind of measurement gate moves the experimental rig and method of dynamic frictional resistance when water closes Download PDFInfo
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- CN110068411A CN110068411A CN201910396484.9A CN201910396484A CN110068411A CN 110068411 A CN110068411 A CN 110068411A CN 201910396484 A CN201910396484 A CN 201910396484A CN 110068411 A CN110068411 A CN 110068411A
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- gate
- frictional resistance
- bearing
- slot
- water
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000004569 Blindness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0061—Force sensors associated with industrial machines or actuators
Abstract
A kind of measurement gate moves the experimental rig and method of dynamic frictional resistance when water closes, and belongs to hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering field of steel structure, including gate, is equipped with gate lifting eye at the top of gate.Including tension sensor, it is connected on gate lifting eye；Including support slipper, it is arranged on the stringer of gate downstream side both sides, the stringer on the gate downstream side both sides is additionally provided with ceramic bearing, and the width between ceramic bearing and gate slot is made to be less than the width between original bearing sliding block and gate slot.Upstream water seal is carried out when gate is measured by tension sensor holds column power caused by ceramic bearing, at the same conditions, using ceramic bearing measure hold column power and former gate figure measures lasting force and does difference operation, the frictional resistance between gate downstream side and gate slot can be calculated.Solving the problems, such as not calculating accurately friction resistance gauge when calculating gate frictional resistance really causes gate to fall Practical Project not in place.
Description
Technical field
It is that a kind of measured by tension sensor changes plane gate the invention belongs to hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering field of steel structure
Supporting type is mainly solved when calculating gate frictional resistance to the method for frictional resistance when Calculation Plane gate lands because friction is
Number choose error and directly result in opening and closing with machine Capacity Selection is improper and plane gate in dynamic water because not calculated accurately to friction resistance gauge
Really gate is caused to fall Practical Project problem not in place.
Background technique
Gate is movable water-retaining structure in hydraulic structure, is closed with it, opens or locally open water hole mouth, with
Control water level, adjust flow etc..Therefore, the safety and stability of gate is of great significance for the normal operation of key water control project.It is flat
Face gate because of simple structure, using light and handy, maintenance is convenient, it is cheap, the arrangement of building is required it is lower and easy to accomplish,
It is widely used in hydraulic engineering all the time.However, often needing to meet with the construction of the big library water-control project of high dam
The service condition of high water head, big discharge, plane emergency gate in the dynamic water can normal switching-off and its during the shutdown process
Hydrodynamic characterisitic is always the focal issue in gate design and utilization.In engineering practice, Chang Fasheng gate closes a Shi Menye
Self weight and water column pressure are not enough to overcome frictional resistance, so that plane emergency gate be caused to close badge resistance, or even can not completely close
Engineering problem, seriously threaten the safety of unit and upstream and downstream building.
At present in China existing " hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering steel-slag sand design specification " (SL74-95), plane gate is given
With the calculation formula of the Qi Menli of gates of segmental shape.The research of forefathers is directed to the hoisting capacity of common down-the-hole type plane gate mostly, and
Experimental study in relation to frictional resistance suffered by gate is less to be referred to, can only pass through " hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering steel-slag sand design specification "
(SL74-95) selectes several typical coefficient of frictions within the scope of one." the coefficient of friction of steel to steel (dry friction)
It is 0.15~0.60；Sliding bearing coefficient of friction: steel is 0.16~0.30 to the coefficient of friction of bronze (dry friction), the modeling of base steel copper
Composite material is 0.05~0.14 " to the coefficient of friction of chromium-plated steel (stainless steel).These coefficient of frictions have been merely given as a model
It encloses, specifically takes how much depending on situation at that time, just bear the character of much blindness when calculating frictional force in this way, it is easy to because of value
Improper to cause gained frictional force bigger than normal or less than normal, it is improper that this will result directly in headstock gear Capacity Selection.As Brazil, Paraguay she
The bottom diversion outlet plane gate in safe general power station, water blocking area is 7.6m × 22m, head 140m, total water pressure are
(199.81MN about 19000t).Assuming that the coefficient of friction of selection is when the design phase carrying out the calculating of walking support frictional force
0.1, the calculated result of frictional force is 1900t.If the coefficient of friction selected differs 10% with practical coefficient of friction, counted
The walking support frictional force of calculation just differs 190t.Here it is a very surprising deviations, thus the design phase how more
Science, reasonably calculating frictional resistance is extremely important for the selection of high pressure gate headstock gear capacity.If selection is improper, gently
Person leads to that selected headstock gear capacity is bigger than normal, causes to waste, and severe one causes selected headstock gear capacity is less than normal cannot timely starting gate
Lead to major accident, so the research to gate frictional resistance just seems very necessary.The present invention is a kind of can passing through for innovation
Tension sensor measures respectively and is measured and held with ceramic bearing supporting type (its frictional force generated can be approximately 0) on plane gate
Column power and plane gate hold column power with what thrust slide supporting pattern measured, and the two, which does difference operation and can immediately arrive at gate, to fall
The method that Cheng Zhongyu gate slot generates frictional resistance size, the advantage is that gate can directly measure production during dynamic water closes door
Raw frictional resistance avoids and blindly chooses coefficient of friction generation error.So as to accurately select headstock gear capacity and increase
Or lasting force when reduction gate operation, that realizes gate smoothly closes door.
Summary of the invention
The method of the present invention produced frictional resistance when being a kind of measurement gate operation, to solve plane emergency gate dynamic
Water closes during door, because coefficient of friction choose it is improper caused by headstock gear capacity choose it is improper and to the estimation of practical frictional resistance it is insufficient
It causes to be difficult to overcome the problems, such as to close badge resistance caused by frictional resistance, gate falls the Practical Projects such as not in place.Meanwhile in practice
Long-term running plane emergency gate has been put into, gate has been will lead to due to water quality and gate slot material corrosion etc. and rubs at runtime
Resistance becomes larger, and, by laying ceramic bearing on gate structure, can calculate gate operation under the conditions of gate slot is limited
When frictional resistance, this to determining that headstock gear capacity and lasting force have directive significance again.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of measurement gate moves the experimental rig that water acts dynamic frictional resistance when closing, including gate, gate include door leaf crossbeam and
The plate sluice gate body of door leaf stringer, gate upstream face plate composition, gate upstream face plate are located at gate upstream side, are equipped at the top of gate
Gate lifting eye.Including tension sensor, it is connected on gate lifting eye；Including support slipper, setting is vertical on gate downstream side both sides
The stringer of Liang Shang, the gate downstream side both sides are additionally provided with ceramic bearing, and carry out ceramic bearing and two side girder of gate
Fixed, the width between the ceramic bearing and gate slot is less than the width between original bearing sliding block and gate slot.
Further, stringer of the present invention on gate downstream side both sides lays 2 or 2 or more ceramic shafts respectively
It holds.Further, the stringer on gate downstream side both sides lays 2 ceramic bearings respectively, is laid in gate downstream side two respectively
The stringer top on side and bottom.
Further, gate bottom of the present invention is equipped with gate root edge, when gate falls, gate root edge and accident
The water inlet passage contacts baseplate of gate recess bottom.
Further, gate two sides of the present invention are equipped with emergency gate gate slot, and emergency gate gate slot both ends are runner side wall.
A kind of measurement gate moves the test method of dynamic frictional resistance when water closes, and passes through and changes plane gate bearing and water shutoff type
Frictional resistance when formula test plane gate is run, it is characterized in that: the ceramic bearing that original bearing is changed to zerofriction force is supported, together
When, the original downstream water seal of gate is all removed, the stringer top on gate downstream side both sides and bottom lay respectively 2 or
Person 2 or more ceramic bearings, the ceramic bearing 4 of laying is not on the basis of influencing gate and falling according to original bearing and gate
Width design size between slot, and should be less than the width between original bearing sliding block 2 and gate slot；By original water seal type
Formula is changed to upstream p-type water seal and smears a large amount of lubriation material；It is produced when gate measures ceramic bearing 4 by tension sensor
Raw carries out upstream water seal when holding column power, at the same conditions, holds column power and former gate figure survey using what ceramic shaft 4 was measured
It obtains lasting force and does difference operation, so that it may calculate the frictional resistance between gate downstream side and gate slot.
Further, ceramic bearing is laid on gate by the present invention, mainly appropriate on the stringer at gate flap both ends
Ceramic bearing is placed respectively in position, ceramic bearing is fixed with gate stringer.
Further, ceramic bearing bearing of the present invention and the width of gate slot are less than original bearing and gate slot
Width, in order to which the water seal more tight original bearing contact gate slot of gate that also can avoid simultaneously in upstream generates frictional force, makes
At measurement error.
Further, friction free plane gate working environment of the present invention refers to plane gate upstream p-type water seal
And lubriation material is smeared in water seal, plane gate downstream is supported using ceramic bearing, and both of which zerofriction force generates.
Further, it is that plane gate in the process of work can be with that former gate figure of the present invention, which measures lasting force,
Obtain the real-time frictional force of gate.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, a kind of method that measurement gate moves frictional resistance when water closes, the advantage is that can be without value coefficient of friction
Under the conditions of, by laying ceramic bearing and changing water shutoff pattern, practical frictional resistance can be measured, so that reaching accurate chooses lock
The purpose of the capacity of door headstock gear, avoids unnecessary loss.
2, it is real during closing door can to measure gate by tension sensor for the method that frictional resistance is measured in the present invention
When frictional resistance, with solve the problems, such as gate hoist Capacity Selection and to gate fall when frictional resistance force evaluating deficiency lead to gate
The problem of can not falling, achievees the effect that gate is smoothly closed in dynamic water.
3, the present invention has easily operated, function and effect clear advantage.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the main view for laying ceramic bearing plane gate.
Fig. 2 is the side view for laying ceramic bearing plane gate.
Fig. 3 is Figure 1A-A sectional view.
Fig. 4 is Figure 1B-B sectional view.
Fig. 5 is to measure former gate figure using tension sensor to close a mistake in dynamic water with the gate figure for laying ceramic bearing
Lasting force changes with time situation in journey.
Figure label, 1 gate lifting eye；2 bearing sliding blocks；3 door leaf stringers；4 ceramic bearings；5 door leaf crossbeams；6 gate upstreams
Panel；7 gate root edges；8 tension sensors；9 water inlet passage side walls；10 emergency gate gate slotes；11 water inlet passage bottom plates.
Specific embodiment
Referring to attached drawing 1-4, the device of frictional resistance includes gate when test plane gate of the present invention is run, and gate includes door leaf
The plate sluice gate body that crossbeam 5 and door leaf stringer 3, gate upstream face plate 6 form, gate upstream face plate 6 are located at gate upstream side, lock
Header is equipped with gate lifting eye 1.Including tension sensor 8, it is connected on gate lifting eye 1；Including support slipper 2, it is arranged in lock
On the stringer of passage downstream side both sides, the stringer on the gate downstream side both sides is additionally provided with ceramic bearing 4, and make ceramic bearing 4 with
Two side girder of gate is fixed.The ceramic bearing 4 of laying is not on the basis of influencing gate and falling according to original bearing and lock
Width design size between gate slot, and should be less than the width between original supporting type and gate slot.Referring to attached drawing 3, institute
The gate bottom stated is equipped with gate root edge 7, when gate falls, the water inlet of gate root edge 7 and 10 bottom of emergency gate gate slot
Runner bottom plate 11 contacts.Referring to attached drawing 4, gate two sides are equipped with emergency gate gate slot 10, and 10 both ends of emergency gate gate slot are runner
Side wall.
Original bearing is changed to the ceramic shaft of zerofriction force by the method for frictional resistance when test plane gate of the present invention is run
Bearing is held, meanwhile, the original downstream water seal of gate is all removed, is distinguished on the stringer top on gate downstream side both sides and bottom
The ceramic bearing for laying 2 or 2 or more, respectively by ceramic shaft in position appropriate mainly on the stringer at gate flap both ends
It bears and sets, to there is 4 or 4 or more ceramic bearings on gate, the ceramic bearing quantity added 4 or be intended to protect greater than 4
Hold the balance and stability of gate at work.Original water seal pattern is changed to upstream p-type water seal and smears a large amount of lubrication material
Material, in this way, a friction free gate working environment can be created.The friction free plane gate working environment refers to
The water seal of plane gate upstream p-type and lubriation material is smeared in water seal, plane gate downstream is supported using ceramic bearing, the two
Equal zerofriction force generates.Upstream water seal is carried out when gate is measured by tension sensor holds column power caused by ceramic bearing,
At the same conditions, using ceramic bearing measure hold column power and former gate figure measures lasting force and does difference operation, so that it may
Calculate the frictional resistance between gate downstream side and gate slot.It is process of the plane gate in work that former gate figure, which measures lasting force,
In the available real-time frictional force of gate.
Ceramic bearing bearing of the present invention is less than the width of original bearing and gate slot with the width of gate slot, in order to
The water seal more tight original bearing contact gate slot of gate that also can avoid simultaneously in upstream generates frictional force, causes measurement error.
Friction free plane gate working environment of the present invention refers to the water seal of plane gate upstream p-type and in water seal
Lubriation material is smeared, plane gate downstream is supported using ceramic bearing, and both of which zerofriction force generates.
As upstream water level 2515.0m, water flow is that lock hole goes out to flow, and measures former gate figure using tension sensor and lays and makes pottery
The gate figure of porcelain bearing lasting force during dynamic water closes door changes with time situation as shown in figure 5, running in gate
Cheng Zhongyuan gate figure is held column power with the landing of gate and is gradually reduced, and measures gate using the present invention and holds column power substantially not at any time
Between change, subtract each other the frictional force between substance type gate downstream side and gate slot at this moment in both synchronizations.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of measurement gate moves the experimental rig that water acts dynamic frictional resistance when closing, it is characterized in that: including gate, gate includes door leaf
The plate sluice gate body of crossbeam (5) and door leaf stringer (3), gate upstream face plate (6) composition, gate upstream face plate (6) are located at gate
Upstream side, gate top are equipped with gate lifting eye (1)；Including tension sensor (8), it is connected on gate lifting eye (1)；Including support
Sliding block (2) is arranged on the stringer of gate downstream side both sides, and the stringer on the gate downstream side both sides is additionally provided with ceramic bearing
(4), and ceramic bearing (4) is fixed with two side girder of gate, the width between the ceramic bearing (4) and gate slot
Less than the width between original bearing sliding block (2) and gate slot.
2. measurement gate according to claim 1 moves the experimental rig that water acts dynamic frictional resistance when closing, it is characterized in that: in gate
The stringer on downstream side both sides lays 2 or 2 or more ceramic bearings (4) respectively.
3. measurement gate according to claim 2 moves the experimental rig that water acts dynamic frictional resistance when closing, it is characterized in that: in gate
The stringer on downstream side both sides lays 2 ceramic bearings (4) respectively, is laid in the stringer top and bottom on gate downstream side both sides respectively
Portion.
4. measurement gate according to claim 1 moves the experimental rig that water acts dynamic frictional resistance when closing, it is characterized in that: described
Gate bottom is equipped with gate root edge (7), when gate falls, the water inlet of gate root edge (7) and emergency gate gate slot (10) bottom
Mouth runner bottom plate (11) contacts.
5. measurement gate according to claim 1 moves the experimental rig that water acts dynamic frictional resistance when closing, it is characterized in that: gate two
Side is equipped with emergency gate gate slot (10), and emergency gate gate slot (10) both ends are runner side wall.
6. a kind of measurement gate moves the test method that water acts dynamic frictional resistance when closing, including the described in any item dresses of claim 1-5
It sets, frictional resistance when by changing plane gate bearing and the operation of water shutoff pattern test plane gate, it is characterized in that: by original
Ceramic bearing (4) bearing for being changed to zerofriction force is held, meanwhile, the original downstream water seal of gate is all removed, in gate downstream
2 or 2 or more ceramic bearings (4) are laid in the stringer top on side both sides and bottom respectively, and the ceramic bearing (4) of laying exists
It does not influence according to the width design size between original bearing and gate slot on the basis of gate falls, and should be less than original
Hold the width between sliding block (2) and gate slot；Original water seal pattern is changed to upstream p-type water seal and smears a large amount of lubrication
Material；Upstream water seal is carried out when gate is by holding column power caused by tension sensor measurement ceramic bearing (4), identical
Under operating condition, using ceramic shaft (4) measure hold column power and former gate figure measures lasting force and does difference operation, so that it may calculate lock
Frictional resistance between passage downstream side and gate slot.
7. measurement gate according to claim 6 moves the test method that water acts dynamic frictional resistance when closing, it is characterized in that: by ceramic
Bearing (4) is laid on gate, respectively puts ceramic bearing (4) in position appropriate mainly on the stringer at gate flap both ends
It sets, bearing is fixed with gate stringer.
8. measurement gate according to claim 6 or 7 moves the test method that water acts dynamic frictional resistance when closing, it is characterized in that: institute
The width of ceramic bearing (4) bearing and gate slot stated is less than the width of original bearing and gate slot, in order to upper water
The more tight original bearing contact gate slot of gate that also can avoid simultaneously of envelope generates frictional force, causes measurement error.
9. measurement gate according to claim 6 moves the test method that water acts dynamic frictional resistance when closing, it is characterized in that: described
Friction free plane gate working environment refers to the water seal of plane gate upstream p-type and smears lubriation material in water seal, plane lock
Passage downstream is supported using ceramic bearing (4), and both of which zerofriction force generates.
10. measurement gate according to claim 6 moves the test method that water acts dynamic frictional resistance when closing, it is characterized in that: former lock
It is the plane gate real-time frictional force of available gate in the process of work that door body type, which measures lasting force,.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910396484.9A CN110068411A (en) | 2019-05-14 | 2019-05-14 | A kind of measurement gate moves the experimental rig and method of dynamic frictional resistance when water closes |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910396484.9A CN110068411A (en) | 2019-05-14 | 2019-05-14 | A kind of measurement gate moves the experimental rig and method of dynamic frictional resistance when water closes |
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| CN110068411A true CN110068411A (en) | 2019-07-30 |
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| CN201910396484.9A Pending CN110068411A (en) | 2019-05-14 | 2019-05-14 | A kind of measurement gate moves the experimental rig and method of dynamic frictional resistance when water closes |
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