CN110068276A - A kind of method of precise measurement orange peel thickness - Google Patents
A kind of method of precise measurement orange peel thickness Download PDFInfo
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- CN110068276A CN110068276A CN201910355656.8A CN201910355656A CN110068276A CN 110068276 A CN110068276 A CN 110068276A CN 201910355656 A CN201910355656 A CN 201910355656A CN 110068276 A CN110068276 A CN 110068276A
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- fruit
- apron
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 244000182264 Lucuma nervosa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017435 S2 In Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 240000000560 Citrus x paradisi Species 0.000 description 13
- 241001672694 Citrus reticulata Species 0.000 description 11
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 244000131522 Citrus pyriformis Species 0.000 description 10
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 244000276331 Citrus maxima Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000001759 Citrus maxima Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000005976 Citrus sinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000002319 Citrus sinensis Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000006662 Lansium Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241001156382 Lansium Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000003934 vacuole Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxypentanal Chemical compound OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010011469 Crying Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000219095 Vitis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940040387 citrus pectin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000009194 citrus pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006408 female gonad development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B5/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of precise measurement orange peel thickness, include the following steps: S1, choose citrusfruit transverse diameter maximum, is i.e. fruit equator position laterally cuts fruit 3, every 2 centimetres of thickness；Pulp is removed, retains complete white cortex, the orange peel after removing is integrally in round；S2, citrus fruit apron is put into image scanning disk, citrus fruit apron is successively scanned using double light source scanning imagers, each positive and negative 2 face of citrus fruit apron is distinguished multiple scanning 3 times, obtains 18 scanning figures altogether；S3, pericarp image analysis, arithmetic average diameter, that is, peel thickness are carried out by root system image analysis software, and successively analyze all scanning figures with batch facility；The calculating of S4, orange peel thickness.The present invention carries out the measurement of orange peel thickness using the method for image scanning and analysis, and accuracy significantly improves, and can be suitable for the measurement of various citrusfruit peel thicknesses under conditions of not changing all parameters.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology fields, are related to a kind of method of precise measurement orange peel thickness.
Background technique
Citrus is the largest fruit in the world, many kinds of, and there were significant differences due to the difference of type and kind for peel thickness.
Orange peel thickness is the important indicator for measuring citrusfruit quality and processing, storing property.Orange peel is thick thick usually and wind
Taste declines and deposits, but storage tolerance characteristic is then positively correlated with the thickness of pericarp.In addition using orange peel as the Citrus procession of raw material
Technique, such as dried orange peel, orange peel essential oil, citrus pectin, the thickness of pericarp directly affect product quality and yield.Therefore citrus is carried out
Essential link during Orange Producing when the measurement of peel thickness, quality and citrus of the precision measured to citrusfruit
The technological parameter setting of pericarp processing has a significant impact.
It is well known that citrusfruit is mandarin orange fruit, it is from ovary development, the outer wall of ovary develops into the outer fruit of fruit
Skin is rich in oil vacuole, therefore also known as oil vacuole layer, color is usually yellow so also crying Calusena lansium layer when because of its maturation；Ovary wall is developed
Middle pericarp, that is, spongy layer, also known as white cortex.Therefore, the usual white cortex that refers to of surveyed peel thickness and total with Calusena lansium layer
With.The main vernier caliper method of method of common measurement orange peel thickness at present, can divide again according to the quantity of one-shot measurement pericarp
For following two method: (1) single layer pericarp method: stripping down pericarp from citrus, chooses the different parts in fruit equator
Pericarp obtains t with electronic digital display vernier caliper measurement peel thickness in triplicate1、t2And t3, take its average value T, calculation formula
Are as follows: T=(t1+t2+t3)/3；(2) multilayer pericarp multilayer pericarp stacking method: is stacked into measurement its thickness T=TAlways/n.On but
The influence that the accuracy and accuracy for stating measurement orange peel thickness approach are operated by gauger individual, is mainly shown as:
(1) orange peel quality is softer, the influence that gauger measures dynamics is highly susceptible to when with vernier caliper measurement, to change mandarin orange
The form of tangerine pericarp, measuring result error are larger.(2) each part thickness of citrusfruit is uneven, and Differences are larger, wherein
Thicker with fruit top and base of fruit part, equator position is relatively thin.Even if its average value is taken by choosing multiple positions, still in accuracy
There are significant differences for upper and actual thickness.(3) orange peel is made of white cortex and Calusena lansium layer, the junction of tangerine valve and white cortex
It is not straight, but consistent with orange petal shape shape.So pericarp is relatively thin at the arc top of tangerine valve, and tangerine valve edge pericarp compared with
It is thick.As it can be seen that the peel thickness that general measure obtains is extremely inaccurate.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of precise measurement citrus fruits scanned based on digital picture with analysis
The method of skin thickness can obtain more satisfactory as a result, it is possible to the accurate average thickness for measuring full fruit by certain model research
Degree solves the problems, such as to exist in the prior art larger, dynamics difference of gauger of measurement error etc..
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of method of precise measurement orange peel thickness, includes the following steps:
S1, citrusfruit pericarp to be measured slice
Citrusfruit transverse diameter maximum is chosen, i.e. fruit equator position laterally cuts fruit 3, every 2 centimetres of thickness；It is small
The heart removes pulp, retains complete white cortex, the orange peel after removing is integrally in round；
The form scanning of S2, orange peel
Citrus fruit apron is put into image scanning disk, using double light source scanning imagers to citrus fruit apron successively into
Row scanning, obtaining image grayscale is 16 gray scales, and resolution ratio is the scanning figure of 300dp i；Each positive and negative 2 face of citrus fruit apron point
Other multiple scanning 3 times obtains 18 scanning figures altogether；
The analysis of S3, orange peel image
Pericarp image analysis is carried out by root system image analysis software, calculates its average diameter i.e. peel thickness, and use
Batch facility successively analyzes all scanning figures；
The calculating of S4, orange peel thickness
It is calculated by the following formula the average thickness of each citrus fruit apron:
In formula, T is average thickness, t1-t18For single peel thickness
Wherein, the sweep parameter in the step S2 are as follows: scan pattern: photo；Manuscript type: colour positive；Image ash
Degree: 16- gray scales；Resolution ratio: 300dpi；Scanning quality: standard；Picture format: TIFF；Scanning area: 27.8000 ×
33.3000 centimetres.
Wherein, in the step S2, by scanning figure from t1-1Gradually t is arrived in name1-18。
Wherein, in the step S3, scanning figure is imported into software, chooses average root diameter icon, runs software, fortune
After row, click is established text file (.TXT), and deposit analysis data are simultaneously named, and clicks picture batch processing button to all
Scanned picture is analyzed.
The invention has the following advantages:
The present invention carries out the measurement of orange peel thickness using the method for image scanning and analysis, and accuracy significantly improves.
Step operation of the present invention is simple, and all processes only need 4 steps.
Use scope of the invention is wide, can be suitable for various citrusfruit pericarps under conditions of not changing all parameters
The measurement of thickness.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the method for precise measurement orange peel thickness of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.Following embodiment will be helpful to the technology of this field
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection scope.
As described in Figure 1, the method for a kind of precise measurement orange peel thickness of the invention, includes the following steps:
S1, citrusfruit pericarp to be measured slice
Citrusfruit transverse diameter maximum is chosen, i.e. fruit equator position laterally cuts fruit 3, every 2 centimetres of thickness.It is small
The heart removes pulp (tangerine valve), retains complete white cortex, the orange peel after removing is integrally in round.
The form scanning of S2, orange peel
Citrus fruit apron is put into image scanning disk, using double light source scanning imagers to citrus fruit apron successively into
Row scanning runs double light source scanning imager softwares, and following sweep parameter: scan pattern: photo is arranged；Manuscript type: color
Color positive；Image grayscale: 16- gray scales；Resolution ratio: 300dpi；Scanning quality: standard；Picture format: TIFF；Scanning area:
27.8000 × 33.3000 centimetres, positive and negative 2 face of each pericarp circle is distinguished multiple scanning 3 times, obtain altogether picture 18 open (3 × 2 ×
3), picture is saved in " orange peel thickness measure " file, picture is used into t1-1To t1-18It gradually names, other Portugals
Grape shaddock pericarp is gradually named as t2-1To t2-18And t3-1To t3-18。
The analysis of S3, orange peel image
Pericarp image analysis is carried out by root system image analysis software, scanning figure is imported into software, it is average to choose root
Diameter icon, runs software, after operation, click is established text file (.TXT), and deposit analysis data are simultaneously named, and clicks figure
Piece batch processing button analyzes all scanned pictures；
The calculating of S4, orange peel thickness
The text file (.TXT) of acquisition is opened using Excel software, the average thickness of each citrus fruit apron passes through
Following formula is calculated:
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of precise measurement orange peel thickness, includes the following steps:
Embodiment 1 is using grape fruit as measurement object.
(1) complete grape fruit fruit 3, pericarp are selected, is laterally cut with sharp slicer at its fruit equator position
Fruit 3, every 2 centimetres of thickness, pulp is carefully removed, retains complete white cortex, the grape fruit pericarp after removing is integrally in circle
Shape.
(2) round grape fruit pericarp is put into image scanning disk, using double light source scanning imagers to grape fruit fruit
Apron is successively scanned, and runs double light source scanning imager softwares, and following sweep parameter: scan pattern: photo is arranged；Text
Original text type: colour positive；Image grayscale: 16- gray scales；Resolution ratio: 300dpi；Scanning quality: standard；Picture format: TIFF；
Scanning area: 27.8000 × 33.3000 centimetres, each positive and negative 2 face of pericarp circle is distinguished multiple scanning 3 times, obtains picture 18 altogether and opens
Picture is saved in " measurement of grape fruit peel thickness " file, using t by (3 × 2 × 3)1-1To t1-18It gradually names, another two
A grape fruit pericarp is gradually named as t2-1To t2-18And t3-1To t3-18。
(3) pericarp image analysis is carried out by root system image analysis software, scanning figure is imported into software, it is flat to choose root
Equal diameter icon, runs software.After operation, click is established text file (.TXT), and deposit analysis data are simultaneously named.It clicks
Picture batch processing button analyzes all scanned pictures.
(4) text file of acquisition (.TXT) is opened using Excel software, by the average thickness of each grape fruit pericarp circle
Degree is calculated by the following formula:
Thickness T1, T2 and T3 of 3 grape fruit pericarps are obtained, its average value is taken to obtain grape fruit pericarp precise thickness.
Embodiment 2
The comparative test of orange peel method for measuring thickness of the present invention and other pericarp measurement methods.
Embodiment is with 2 with citrus frequent species, and the biggish lemon of individual difference, red tangerine, grape fruit, navel orange and shaddock are real
Apply material.The measurement that vernier caliper method and the method for the present invention carry out fruit rind thickness is respectively adopted, wherein vernier caliper method is again
The measurement of single layer pericarp and multilayer pericarp superposition measurement (5 layers) is respectively adopted.Vernier caliper is electronic digital indicator.
(1) the complete lemon of selection pericarp, red tangerine, grape fruit, navel orange and shaddock fruit each 3, are first surveyed with vernier caliper method
Its thickness is measured, then measures its thickness with the method for the present invention again.
(2) fruit 3, every 2 centimetres of thickness are laterally cut at its fruit equator position with sharp slicer.Careful stripping
Separating fruit meat (tangerine valve) retains complete white cortex, and the orange peel after removing is integrally in round
(3) pericarps such as round lemon are put into image scanning disk, using double light source scanning imagers to lemon, red
Tangerine, grape fruit, navel orange and shaddock pericarp circle are successively scanned.
(4) double light source scanning imager softwares are run, and following sweep parameter is set.Scan pattern: photo；Manuscript class
Type: colour positive；Image grayscale: 16- gray scales；Resolution ratio: 300dpi；Scanning quality: standard；Picture format: TIFF；Scanning
Region: 27.8000 × 33.3000 centimetres.The pericarps circle such as lemon is put into scanner pallet, scanner is run, picture is protected
It is stored in " measurement of the peel thicknesses such as lemon " file, is respectively designated as t1-1.Distinguish multiple scanning 3 in each positive and negative 2 face of pericarp circle
It is secondary, picture 18 is obtained altogether and opens (3 × 2 × 3), and gradually t is arrived in name1-18, the pericarps such as other lemons name t2-1-t2-18And t3-1-
t3-18。
(5) pericarp image analysis is carried out by root system image analysis software, scanning figure is imported into software, it is flat to choose root
Equal diameter icon, runs software.After operation, click is established text file (.TXT), and deposit analysis data are simultaneously named.It clicks
Picture batch processing button analyzes all scanned pictures.
(6) text file of acquisition (.TXT) is opened using Excel software, by the average thickness of the pericarps circle such as each lemon
Degree is calculated by the following formula:
Thickness T1, T2 and T3 of each fruit rind such as lemon are obtained, its average value is taken to obtain the accurate thickness of the pericarps such as lemon
Degree.
Test result is shown in as shown in table 1, compared with single layer pericarp and multilayer pericarp superposition vernier caliper method, examination of the invention
Measurement data accuracy obtained by proved recipe method improves 10 times, is accurate to micron level.In addition test error and vernier caliper method phase
Than significantly reducing.
1 the method for the present invention of table is compared with other measurement methods
Note: numerical value shown in table is every average value+standard error, and the matrix of the capitalization after numerical value shows that similar citrus is different
Significance analysis between method, significance analysis of the lowercase between standard error, significance are p < 0.05.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited to above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make a variety of changes or modify within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring substantive content of the invention.In the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiments herein and embodiment can any phase
Mutually combination.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method of precise measurement orange peel thickness, characterized by the following steps:
S1, citrusfruit pericarp to be measured slice
Citrusfruit transverse diameter maximum is chosen, i.e. fruit equator position laterally cuts fruit 3, every 2 centimetres of thickness；Careful stripping
Separating fruit meat retains complete white cortex, and the orange peel after removing is integrally in round；
The form scanning of S2, orange peel
Citrus fruit apron is put into image scanning disk, citrus fruit apron is successively swept using double light source scanning imagers
It retouches, obtaining image grayscale is 16 gray scales, and resolution ratio is the scanning figure of 300dpi；Each positive and negative 2 face of citrus fruit apron weighs respectively
Multiple scanning 3 times, 18 scanning figures are obtained altogether；
The analysis of S3, orange peel image
Pericarp image analysis is carried out by root system image analysis software, calculates its average diameter i.e. peel thickness, and at utilization batch
Reason function successively analyzes all scanning figures；
The calculating of S4, orange peel thickness
It is calculated by the following formula the average thickness of each citrus fruit apron:
In formula, T is average thickness, t1-t18For single peel thickness.
2. a kind of method of precise measurement orange peel thickness as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step S2
Sweep parameter are as follows: scan pattern: photo；Manuscript type: colour positive；Image grayscale: 16- gray scales；Resolution ratio:
300dpi；Scanning quality: standard；Picture format: TIFF；Scanning area: 27.8000 × 33.3000 centimetres.
3. a kind of method of precise measurement orange peel thickness as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step S2
In, by scanning figure from t1-1Gradually t is arrived in name1-18。
4. a kind of method of precise measurement orange peel thickness as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step S3
In, scanning figure is imported into software, chooses average root diameter icon, runs software, after operation, text text is established in click
Part (.TXT), deposit analysis data are simultaneously named, click picture batch processing button and analyze all scanned pictures.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111156889A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-15 | 天津市农作物研究所(天津市水稻研究所) | Method for measuring thickness of corn peel and application |
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2019
- 2019-04-29 CN CN201910355656.8A patent/CN110068276A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1142205A (en) * | 1994-11-03 | 1997-02-05 | 新奇士种植者公司 | Method and apparatus for detecting surface features of translucent objects |
| CN107609111A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-01-19 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | The search method that a kind of loquat Variety identification, quality grading and maturity judge |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 孙先成: "基于机器视觉的柚子自动检测指标的研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111156889A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-15 | 天津市农作物研究所(天津市水稻研究所) | Method for measuring thickness of corn peel and application |
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