CN110067512A - A kind of double-gradient well drilling system and its boring method - Google Patents
A kind of double-gradient well drilling system and its boring method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 182
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 142
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000002151 riboflavin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000022639 SchC6pf-Schulz-Passarge syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000001364 Schopf-Schulz-Passarge syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000418 atomic force spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;sodium;phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/18—Pipes provided with plural fluid passages
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/12—Underwater drilling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of double-gradient well drilling system and its boring methods.The system is mainly driven adaptive device, double-wall drill pipe, cross-over sub, data monitoring control system and auxiliary pump installation by top and is formed.Drilling well pump group injects first fluid and passes through double-wall drill pipe, cross-over sub, then reaches downstream mud disposal system by discharge pipe；Auxiliary pump installation is for injecting second fluid into annular space A, for adjusting the barometric gradient in annular space A；Data monitoring control system is used to monitor the second fluid flow of auxiliary pump installation injection, so that it is determined that height of the second fluid in annular space A.The present invention is adaptable, can be applied to land bored well and offshore drilling；Deepwater petroleum exploration exploitation is realized in cost that can be less expensive, shorter shaft building time, safer operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates in well system and its boring method more particularly to a kind of double-gradient well drilling based on double-wall drill pipe
System and its boring method.
Background technique
With the sustained and rapid development of Chinese national economy, the demand to petroleum gas constantly increases, and petroleum resources are surveyed
It visits to develop to march to deep-sea and has become inexorable trend.Compared with land and well drilling of shallow sea, deep sea drilling environment is more complicated, is easy to appear
Conventional drilling equipment and method are difficult to the technical problem overcome.
Currently, mainly single gradient well drilling technology that offshore drilling uses.Wellbore of single gradient well drilling technology in same size
In only one fluid column gradient, i.e. bottom pressure generates by the drilling well head of liquid on sea to shaft bottom, drilling well head of liquid ladder
Degree is using sea as reference point.In deepwater drilling, since the loose deposit in seabed and seawater column influence, strata pressure and broken
Gap very little between split pressure, so that drilling well is extremely difficult.Double-gradient well drilling (the Dual- of the external development nineties in last century
Gradient Drilling, abbreviation DGD) technology well solved this problem, when using the technology, the above water proof in seabed
Tube fluid density is close with density of sea water, and the calculation of pressure of drilling well fluid column is using seabed as reference point, formation pore pressure and broken
Region just relatively broadens between split pressure.Well kick, blowout and leakage accident greatly reduce, and no longer need multilayer sleeve system, save
Setting of casing time and well cementation time, shorten well construction period, reduce drilling time and reduce time and the cost of processing drilling failure,
Substantially reduce the requirement to drilling equipments such as drilling platforms and drilling machines.
Oneself carries out multiple double-gradient well drilling systematic researches and application: the industrial combination project of Conoco leader at present for foreign countries
The seabed mud of group research lifts drilling well (Subsea Mudlift Drilling, abbreviation SMD) system, U.S. Baker
The DeepVision double-gradient well drilling system of Hughes and Transocean company research, the sub-sea pumping system (Subsea of Shell
Pumping System, abbreviation SSPS), the tiny balloon (Hollow Glass Spheres, abbreviation HGS) of Maurer company
Double-gradient well drilling system, AGR Subsea company without marine riser drilling fluid recovery system (Riserless Mud Recovery
System, abbreviation 1ZM are helped, marine riser gaslift, dilution double-gradient well drilling system that Louisiana State University is studied etc..Its
Middle seabed mud lifting well system will carry out field test in the Gulf of Mexico in the end of the year 2001, and succeed, oneself starts at present
Industrial application is put into, there is good prospects for commercial application.
It follows that dual-gradient drilling technology is the deepwater drilling technology having a extensive future, it can overcome deep water
The problem of special natural environment, reservoir condition are brought, can be with less expensive cost, shorter well construction period, safer work
Industry, higher yield realize deepwater petroleum exploration exploitation.Oneself is developed a variety of implementation methods and change system to the technology, and oneself
Scene carries out industrial application.For the paces for accelerating China's deep water oil development, it is necessary to practical for Chinese Sea deep water block
Situation, tracking and the external advanced DGD technology of research, use for reference its successful experience, develop and are suitble to China's national situation and have independently know
The deepwater drilling technology for knowing property right, forms a whole set of drilling technology system for instructing China's deep water oil development, to raising China
Deepwater drilling technical level has important strategic importance.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is the paces to accelerate the oil development of China's deep water, for the practical feelings of Chinese Sea deep water block
Condition provides the drilling well side of double-gradient well drilling system and double-gradient well drilling system that a whole set of instructs China's deep water oil development
Method.
Double-gradient well drilling system of the invention is achieved in that
The first double-gradient well drilling system, including drilling well pump group 1, top drive 2, auxiliary pump installation 3, data monitoring control system 4, top
It drives adaptive device 5, marine riser 20, conventional preventer group 7, casing 8, double-wall drill pipe 9, cross-over sub 10, conventional drilling tool 11 and bores
First 12, in which:
The double-wall drill pipe 9 is made of concentric interior drilling rod 91 and outer drilling rod 90, constitutes ring between interior drilling rod 91 and outer drilling rod 90
The inside of gap B17, interior drilling rod 91 form duct A18；Annular space B17 is used to convey first fluid to shaft bottom, and duct A18 is first-class
Body returns out runner, and adapter 5 is driven on 9 top of double-wall drill pipe connection top, and lower part connects cross-over sub 10；
The rotary joint that adaptive device 5 is mounted between top drive 2 and double-wall drill pipe 9 is driven on the top, and top is driven adaptive device 5 and is machined with
Drive slurry channel and annular space B17, the duct connected pore channel C51 A18 and well head row in duct B50 and duct C51, duct B50 connection top
Pipeline out；
The cross-over sub 10 is machined with duct D100, duct E101 and check valve 102, and the connection of 10 lower part of cross-over sub is conventional to bore
Tool 11 and drill bit 12；
Double-wall drill pipe 9, cross-over sub 10, conventional drilling tool 11 and drill bit 12 constitute down-hole equipment group after connecting according to this from top to bottom
It closes；
The drilling well pump group 1 drives 2, top by top according to this and drives adaptive device duct B50, double-wall drill pipe annular space B17, cross-over sub hole
Road E101, conventional drilling tool 11 and drill bit 12 are connected to shaft bottom；Pass through cross-over sub duct D100, double-wall drill pipe according to this by shaft bottom again
Duct A18, top drive the discharge pipe that adaptive device duct C51 returns to well head；
Marine riser 20 is connected to conventional 7 top of preventer group, and auxiliary pump installation 3 passes through outside marine riser 20 and double-wall drill pipe 9
Annular space connection；
Data monitoring control system 4 connect with auxiliary pump installation 3 and monitors the flow of auxiliary pump installation 3.
Second of double-gradient well drilling system, including drilling well pump group 1, top drive 2, auxiliary pump installation 3, data monitoring control system
4, top is driven adaptive device 5, rotation blow-out release device 6, conventional preventer group 7, casing 8, double-wall drill pipe 9, cross-over sub 10, routine and is bored
Tool 11 and drill bit 12, in which:
The double-wall drill pipe 9 is made of concentric interior drilling rod 91 and outer drilling rod 90, constitutes ring between interior drilling rod 91 and outer drilling rod 90
The inside of gap B17, interior drilling rod 91 form duct A18；Annular space B17 is used to convey first fluid to shaft bottom, and duct A18 is first-class
Body returns out runner, and adapter 5 is driven on 9 top of double-wall drill pipe connection top, and lower part connects cross-over sub 10；
The rotary joint that adaptive device 5 is mounted between top drive 2 and double-wall drill pipe 9 is driven on the top, and top is driven adaptive device 5 and is machined with
It drives slurry channel and annular space B17, duct C51 and is arranged together with duct A18 and well head in duct B50 and duct C51, duct B50 connection top
Pipeline out；
The cross-over sub 10 is machined with duct D100, duct E101 and check valve 102, and the connection of 10 lower part of cross-over sub is conventional to bore
Tool 11 and drill bit 12；
Double-wall drill pipe 9, cross-over sub 10, conventional drilling tool 11 and drill bit 12 constitute down-hole equipment group after connecting according to this from top to bottom
It closes；
The drilling well pump group 1 drives 2, top by top according to this and drives adaptive device duct B50, double-wall drill pipe annular space B17, cross-over sub hole
Road E101, conventional drilling tool 11 and drill bit 12 are connected to shaft bottom；Pass through cross-over sub duct D100, double-wall drill pipe according to this by shaft bottom again
Duct A18, top drive the discharge pipe that adaptive device duct C51 returns to well head；
Rotation blow-out release device 6 is connected to conventional 7 top of preventer group, and auxiliary pump installation 3 is bored by rotation blow-out release device 6 and double-walled
Annular space connection outside bar 9；
Data monitoring control system 4 connect with auxiliary pump installation 3 and monitors the flow of auxiliary pump installation 3.
Above-mentioned the first or second of double-gradient well drilling system advanced optimize scheme further include:
Dedicated choke manifold 19, dedicated 19 Matched Drilling of choke manifold are accessed on the well head discharge pipe that adaptive device 5 is driven on top
Throttle valve, data monitoring control system 4 connect and monitor drilling well throttle valve.
Using the boring method of aforementioned the first or second of double-gradient well drilling system, comprising the following steps:
Double-wall drill pipe 9, cross-over sub 10, conventional drilling tool 11 and drill bit 12 constitute downhole assembly and protrude into wellbore, top
Adapter 5 is driven on connection top, and annular space A14 is formed between downhole assembly and wellbore；
The injection first fluid of drilling well pump group 1 is short by top drive 2, top drive adaptive device duct B50, double-wall drill pipe annular space B17, conversion
Duct E101, conventional drilling tool 11 and drill bit 12 are connect, into annular space A14；The first fluid that annular space A14 is returned passes through cross-over sub hole
Adaptive device duct C51 is driven on road D100, double-wall drill pipe duct A18, top, then reaches downstream mud conditioning system by discharge pipe
System；
Auxiliary pump installation 3 injects second fluid into annular space A14, for adjusting the barometric gradient in annular space A14；Data monitoring control
System 4 processed is used to monitor the second fluid flow that auxiliary pump installation 3 injects, so that it is determined that height of the second fluid in annular space A14
Degree.
Advanced optimize the double-gradient well drilling method of scheme using the first or second of double-gradient well drilling system, including with
Lower step:
Double-wall drill pipe 9, cross-over sub 10, conventional drilling tool 11 and drill bit 12 constitute downhole assembly and protrude into wellbore, top
Adapter 5 is driven on connection top, and annular space A14 is formed between downhole assembly and wellbore；
The injection first fluid of drilling well pump group 1 is short by top drive 2, top drive adaptive device duct B50, double-wall drill pipe annular space B17, conversion
Duct E101, conventional drilling tool 11 and drill bit 12 are connect, into annular space A14；The first fluid that annular space A14 is returned passes through cross-over sub hole
Adaptive device duct C51 is driven on road D100, double-wall drill pipe duct A18, top, is then arrived by discharge pipe and dedicated choke manifold 19
Up to downstream mud disposal system；
Auxiliary pump installation 3 injects second fluid into annular space A14, for adjusting the barometric gradient in annular space A14；Data monitoring control
System 4 processed is used to monitor the second fluid flow that auxiliary pump installation 3 injects, so that it is determined that height of the second fluid in annular space A14
Degree；Data monitoring control system 4 is realized by controlling the drilling well throttle valve of dedicated choke manifold 19 to returning out double-wall drill pipe simultaneously
First fluid backpressure regulation, by the backpressure regulation to first fluid change simultaneously the height of second fluid annular fluid column come
Bottom pressure is adjusted, to adjust the Fluid pressure of different Open-Hole Section depth in annular space A14.
Aforementioned double-gradient well drilling method advanced optimizes scheme and includes:
The density of the second fluid is greater than the density of first fluid.
Density by changing the first fluid changes simultaneously the height of second fluid annular fluid column to adjust shaft bottom
Pressure, to adjust the Fluid pressure of different Open-Hole Section depth in annular space A14.
Second fluid in the annular space A14 forms annular fluid column, and it is short that second fluid annular fluid column lower end is located at conversion
10 tops are connect, second fluid is not involved in the entire cyclic process of first fluid；In the Open-Hole Section in annular space A14, different depth
The second fluid static pressure at place is located between the strata pressure and fracture pressure of respective depth.
In the first fluid cyclic process, the pressure formed in the annular space A14 of 10 lower part of cross-over sub is located at phase
It answers between the strata pressure of depth and fracture pressure.
Advantages of the present invention includes that (1) is adaptable, can be applied to land bored well and offshore drilling；It (2) can be effective
It solves in deepwater drilling, since the loose deposit in seabed and seawater column influence, gap very little between strata pressure and fracture pressure
Caused drilling complexity problem；(3) less expensive cost, shorter shaft building time, safer operation realize that deep water hydrocarbon is surveyed
Visit exploitation；(4) well system and boring method proposed by the invention, are applicable not only to deepwater drilling, are also applied for land brill
Drilling well under the conditions of the complex drillings such as the narrow Density Window in well.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overall device and connection schematic diagram of the first double-gradient well drilling system embodiment 1 of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the overall device and connection schematic diagram of second of double-gradient well drilling system embodiment 2 of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the well structure design figure of conventional drilling (single gradient well drilling).
Fig. 4 is a kind of well structure design figure of double-gradient well drilling method of the present invention.
In figure: 1. drilling well pump groups, 2. tops are driven, and 3. auxiliary pump installations, 4. data monitoring control systems, adaptation dress is driven on 5. tops
It sets, 6. rotation blow-out release devices, 7. conventional preventer groups, 8. casings, 9. double-wall drill pipes, 10. cross-over subs, 11. conventional drilling tools,
12. drill bit, 13. naked eyes, 14. annular space A, 15. drilling tool check valves, 16. second fluid annular fluid column lower ends, 17. annular space B, 18.
Duct A, 19. dedicated choke manifolds, 20. marine risers, 50. duct B, 51. duct C, 90. outer drilling rods, drilling rod in 91., 100. holes
Road D, 101. duct E, 102. check valves.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification:
During offshore drilling, using conventional single its drilling fluid (mud) hydrostatic pressure curve of gradient well drilling technology and casing programme
As shown in Fig. 3.Since the loose deposition of deep-water subsea and seawater column act on, between strata pressure and fracture pressure curve between
Gap is narrow, and hydrostatic pressure (i.e. mud static pressure in figure) curve of conventional drilling drilling fluid is one extended from sea drill ship
Straight line, the hydrostatic pressure pass through drilling fluid density window in very short vertical range, are difficult to maintain open-hole annulus pressure
Among this two curves, it is easy to happen leakage accident.In order to guarantee the quality of well bore, (such as Fig. 3 design of lower multilayer sleeve column is needed
The smooth drilling of one spud section of seabed can not be all completely secured in 7 layers of casing).
Embodiment 1, as indicated with 2, double-gradient well drilling system is applied to no marine riser offshore drilling.A kind of double-gradient well drilling system
System includes drilling well pump group 1, top drive 2, auxiliary pump installation 3, data monitoring control system 4, adaptive device 5 is driven on top, rotation open flow fills
Set 6, conventional preventer group 7, casing 8, double-wall drill pipe 9, cross-over sub 10, conventional drilling tool 11 and drill bit 12.Double-wall drill pipe 9 is by same
The interior drilling rod 91 and outer drilling rod 90 of the heart form, and annular space B17, the inside shape of interior drilling rod 91 are constituted between interior drilling rod 91 and outer drilling rod 90
At duct A18；Annular space B17 is used to convey first fluid to shaft bottom, and duct A18 is that first fluid returns out runner；Drive adaptation dress in top
Setting 5 is the rotary joint being mounted between top drive 2 and double-wall drill pipe 9, and 2 connection is driven for double-wall drill pipe 9 and top；Drive adaptation in top
Device 5 is machined with duct B50 and duct C51；Drive slurry channel and annular space B17, the duct connected pore channel C51 in duct B50 connection top
A18 is to dedicated choke manifold 19；Cross-over sub 10 is machined with duct D100, duct E101 and check valve 102, for injecting fluid
Runner conversion and duct A18 opening and closing.In seabed, installation seabed in 7 top of routine preventer group rotates blow-out release device 6, auxiliary
Pump installation 3 reaches seabed by pipeline and is connected to annular space A14.
Double-wall drill pipe 9 protrudes into wellbore, and adapter 5 is driven on top connection top, and lower part connects cross-over sub 10；Cross-over sub 10
Lower part connects conventional drilling tool 11 and drill bit 12；Double-wall drill pipe 9, cross-over sub 10, conventional drilling tool 11 and drill bit 12 constitute underground and bore
Tool combination；Annular space A14 is formed between downhole assembly and wellbore, wellbore is made of casing 8 and naked eye 13, second fluid upper end
Liquid level can also be located in the connecting pipeline of auxiliary pump installation 3 and seabed annular space A14.Conventional drilling tool 11 may include conventional list
Wall drilling rod, single wall drill collar and drilling tool check valve 15 and underground observing and controlling tool etc..
The injection first fluid of drilling well pump group 1 drives 2 by top, top drive adaptive device duct B50, double-wall drill pipe annular space B17, turns
It changes and is shorted duct E101, conventional drilling tool 11 and drill bit 12, into annular space A14；The first fluid that annular space A14 is returned is short by converting
Duct D100, double-wall drill pipe duct A18, top drive adaptive device duct C51 are met, is then reached at the mud of downstream by discharge pipe
Reason system.
Auxiliary pump installation 3 is for injecting second fluid into annular space A14, for adjusting the barometric gradient in annular space A14；Number
It is used to monitor the second fluid flow that auxiliary pump installation 3 injects according to monitor control system 4, so that it is determined that second fluid is in annular space
Height in A14.
Embodiment 2, as shown in Figure 1, double-gradient well drilling system is applied to marine riser offshore drilling.Double-gradient well drilling system,
Including drilling well pump group 1, pushes up and drive 2, auxiliary pump installation 3, data monitoring control system 4, top drive adaptive device 5, marine riser 20, routine
Preventer group 7, casing 8, double-wall drill pipe 9, cross-over sub 10, conventional drilling tool 11 and drill bit 12.Wherein auxiliary pump installation 3 passes through pipe
Line is connected to 20 top of marine riser, to be connected to annular space A14, therefore annular space A14 also includes downhole assembly and marine riser
20 annular spaces formed, remaining implementation content are same as Example 1.
In embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, the second fluid in the annular space A14 forms annular fluid column, second fluid annular
In 10 top of cross-over sub, second fluid is not involved in the entire cyclic process of first fluid for fluid column lower end position 16；In annular space A14
Open-Hole Section in, the second fluid static pressure at different depth is located between the strata pressure and fracture pressure of respective depth；Institute
In the first fluid cyclic process stated, the pressure formed in the annular space A14 of 10 lower part of cross-over sub is located at the ground of respective depth
Between stressor layer and fracture pressure；Density by changing the first fluid changes simultaneously the height of second fluid annular fluid column
Degree is to adjust bottom pressure, to adjust the Fluid pressure of different Open-Hole Section depth in annular space A14；Adaptive device 5 is driven on top
Dedicated choke manifold 19 is installed between discharge pipe and downstream mud disposal system, dedicated choke manifold Matched Drilling throttle valve,
Data monitoring control system 4 is realized to the backpressure regulation of the first fluid for returning out double-wall drill pipe simultaneously by control drilling well throttle valve
Change the height of second fluid annular fluid column to adjust bottom pressure, to adjust the stream of different Open-Hole Section depth in annular space A14
Body pressure.
Embodiment 3, a kind of double-gradient well drilling method, comprising the following steps:
Double-wall drill pipe 9 protrudes into wellbore, and adapter 5 is driven on top connection top, and lower part connects cross-over sub 10；10 lower part of cross-over sub
Connect conventional drilling tool 11 and drill bit 12；Double-wall drill pipe 9, cross-over sub 10, conventional drilling tool 11 and drill bit 12 constitute down-hole equipment group
It closes；Annular space A14 is formed between downhole assembly and wellbore；
The injection first fluid of drilling well pump group 1 is short by top drive 2, top drive adaptive device duct B50, double-wall drill pipe annular space B17, conversion
Duct E101, conventional drilling tool 11 and drill bit 12 are connect, into annular space A14；The first fluid that annular space A14 is returned passes through cross-over sub hole
Adaptive device duct C51 is driven on road D100, double-wall drill pipe duct A18, top, then reaches downstream mud conditioning system by discharge pipe
System；
Auxiliary pump installation 3 is for injecting second fluid into annular space A14, for adjusting the barometric gradient in annular space A14；Data prison
It surveys control system 4 and is used to monitor the second fluid flow that auxiliary pump installation 3 injects, so that it is determined that second fluid is in annular space A14
Height.
Second fluid in the annular space A14 forms annular fluid column, and it is short that second fluid annular fluid column lower end is located at conversion
10 tops are connect, second fluid is not involved in the entire cyclic process of first fluid；In the Open-Hole Section in annular space A14, different depth
The second fluid static pressure at place is located between the strata pressure and fracture pressure of respective depth.The first fluid cyclic process
In, between the strata pressure and fracture pressure that the pressure formed in the annular space A14 of 10 lower part of cross-over sub is located at respective depth.
Density by changing the first fluid changes simultaneously the height of second fluid annular fluid column to adjust bottom pressure, thus
Adjust the Fluid pressure of different Open-Hole Section depth in annular space A14.Discharge pipe and the downstream mud conditioning of adaptive device 5 are driven on top
Dedicated choke manifold 19, dedicated choke manifold Matched Drilling throttle valve are installed, data monitoring control system 4 passes through control between system
Drilling well throttle valve realization processed changes simultaneously second fluid annular fluid column to the backpressure regulation for the first fluid for returning out double-wall drill pipe
Height adjusts bottom pressure, to adjust the Fluid pressure of different Open-Hole Section depth in annular space A14.The density of second fluid is big
In first fluid density.
After a kind of double-gradient well drilling system proposed by the invention and its boring method, drilling fluid (first fluid
And second fluid) hydrostatic pressure curve and casing programme it is as shown in Fig. 4.It is second fluid, second formed in annular space A14
Hydrostatic pressure force curve is straight line.Second fluid hydrostatic pressure curve and upper window line segment and lower window ground layer line
(upper window line segment is the strata pressure of Open-Hole Section the top and the line of fracture pressure, and lower window line segment is naked for section intersection
The line of eye section the lowermost strata pressure and fracture pressure), and the straight line also is located at the ground lamination of different open hole well depths
Between power and fracture pressure.There are two types of the calculation methods of bottom pressure: one is bottom pressures to be equal to first fluid in duct A18
Interior cyclic pressure dissipation, first fluid annular space A14 lower section (the annular space A positioned at 10 lower part of cross-over sub) annular space cyclic pressure dissipation with
And the sum of the liquid column hydrostatic pressure of the entire wellbore of first fluid；Another kind be bottom pressure be equal to second fluid liquid column hydrostatic pressure,
First fluid annular space A14 lower section (the annular space A positioned at 10 lower part of cross-over sub) cyclic pressure dissipation with and first fluid in ring
The sum of the liquid column hydrostatic pressure of gap A14 lower section.The bottom pressure that two methods calculate is equal, and is located at bored Open-Hole Section shaft bottom
Between strata pressure and fracture pressure.In drilling process, first fluid density and second fluid are constantly adjusted in annular space A14
The height of annular fluid column, to guarantee that annular space A Open-Hole Section pressure is located between the strata pressure and fracture pressure of respective depth.When
When dedicated choke manifold 19 being installed between the discharge pipe and downstream mud disposal system that adaptive device 5 is driven on top, bottom pressure
The first calculation method be also referred to as cyclic pressure dissipation of the first fluid in the A18 of duct, first fluid in annular space A14 lower section
The entire well of the annular space cyclic pressure dissipation of (the annular space A positioned at 10 lower part of cross-over sub), the back pressure of first fluid and first fluid
The sum of the liquid column hydrostatic pressure of eye；Therefore, drilling well throttle valve can be controlled by data monitoring control system 4 to realize to returning out double-walled
The backpressure regulation of the first fluid of drilling rod changes simultaneously the height of second fluid annular fluid column to adjust bottom pressure, to adjust
The Fluid pressure of different Open-Hole Section depth in annular space A14.
Open-Hole Section annular pressure can be reduced to one from sea by double-gradient well drilling system of the invention and its boring method
The slope (relative to sea or seabed) of the straight line started below, straight line greatly reduces, pore pressure and fracture pressure
Between gap just relatively broaden, there is a relatively large vertical range to guarantee safety drilling, reduce casing and use the number of plies, and make
The drilling well of deep water complex condition is obtained to be possibly realized.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of double-gradient well drilling system, including drilling well pump group (1), top drive (2), auxiliary pump installation (3), data monitoring control system
It unites (4), adaptive device (5), marine riser (20), conventional preventer group (7), casing (8), double-wall drill pipe (9), cross-over sub are driven in top
(10), conventional drilling tool (11) and drill bit (12), it is characterised in that:
The double-wall drill pipe (9) is made of concentric interior drilling rod (91) and outer drilling rod (90), interior drilling rod (91) and outer drilling rod (90)
Between constitute annular space B (17), the inside of interior drilling rod (91) forms duct A (18)；Annular space B (17) is used to convey to shaft bottom first-class
Body, duct A (18) are that first fluid returns out runner, and adapter (5) are driven on double-wall drill pipe (9) top connection top, lower part connection conversion
It is shorted (10)；
The rotary joint that adaptive device (5) are mounted between top drive (2) and double-wall drill pipe (9) is driven on the top, and adaptive device is driven on top
(5) it is machined with duct B (50) and duct C (51), slurry channel and annular space B (17), duct C (51) are driven in duct B (50) connection top
Connected pore channel A (18) and well head discharge pipe；
The cross-over sub (10) is machined with duct D (100), duct E (101) and check valve (102), cross-over sub (10) lower part
Connect conventional drilling tool (11) and drill bit (12)；
Double-wall drill pipe (9), cross-over sub (10), conventional drilling tool (11) and drill bit (12) constitute underground after connecting according to this from top to bottom
Drill assembly；
The drilling well pump group (1) drives (2) by top according to this, top is driven adaptive device duct B (50), double-wall drill pipe annular space B (17), turned
Short circuit duct E (101), conventional drilling tool (11) and drill bit (12) is changed to be connected to shaft bottom；Pass through cross-over sub hole according to this by shaft bottom again
The discharge pipe that adaptive device duct C (51) return to well head is driven on road D (100), double-wall drill pipe duct A (18), top；
Marine riser (20) is connected to above conventional preventer group (7), and auxiliary pump installation (3) passes through marine riser (20) and double-wall drill pipe
(9) external annular space connection；
Data monitoring control system (4) connect with auxiliary pump installation (3) and monitors the flow of auxiliary pump installation (3).
2. a kind of double-gradient well drilling system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: drive the well of adaptive device (5) on top
Dedicated choke manifold (19) are accessed on mouth discharge pipe.
3. a kind of double-gradient well drilling system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the mating brill of dedicated choke manifold (19)
Well throttle valve, data monitoring control system (4) connect and monitor drilling well throttle valve.
4. a kind of double-gradient well drilling system, including drilling well pump group (1), top drive (2), auxiliary pump installation (3), data monitoring control system
It unites (4), top is driven adaptive device (5), rotation blow-out release device (6), conventional preventer group (7), casing (8), double-wall drill pipe (9), turned
Change short circuit (10), conventional drilling tool (11) and drill bit (12), it is characterised in that:
The double-wall drill pipe (9) is made of concentric interior drilling rod (91) and outer drilling rod (90), interior drilling rod (91) and outer drilling rod (90)
Between constitute annular space B (17), the inside of interior drilling rod (91) forms duct A (18)；Annular space B (17) is used to convey to shaft bottom first-class
Body, duct A (18) are that first fluid returns out runner, and adapter (5) are driven on double-wall drill pipe (9) top connection top, lower part connection conversion
It is shorted (10)；
The rotary joint that adaptive device (5) are mounted between top drive (2) and double-wall drill pipe (9) is driven on the top, and adaptive device is driven on top
(5) it is machined with duct B (50) and duct C (51), slurry channel and annular space B (17), duct C (51) are driven in duct B (50) connection top
Together with duct A (18) and well head discharge pipe；
The cross-over sub (10) is machined with duct D (100), duct E (101) and check valve (102), cross-over sub (10) lower part
Connect conventional drilling tool (11) and drill bit (12)；
Double-wall drill pipe (9), cross-over sub (10), conventional drilling tool (11) and drill bit (12) constitute underground after connecting according to this from top to bottom
Drill assembly；
The drilling well pump group (1) drives (2) by top according to this, top is driven adaptive device duct B (50), double-wall drill pipe annular space B (17), turned
Short circuit duct E (101), conventional drilling tool (11) and drill bit (12) is changed to be connected to shaft bottom；Pass through cross-over sub hole according to this by shaft bottom again
The discharge pipe that adaptive device duct C (51) return to well head is driven on road D (100), double-wall drill pipe duct A (18), top；
Rotation blow-out release device (6) is connected to above conventional preventer group (7), and auxiliary pump installation (3) passes through rotation blow-out release device (6)
The annular space external with double-wall drill pipe (9) is connected to；
Data monitoring control system (4) connect with auxiliary pump installation (3) and monitors the flow of auxiliary pump installation (3).
5. a kind of double-gradient well drilling system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: drive the well of adaptive device (5) on top
Dedicated choke manifold (19) are accessed on mouth discharge pipe.
6. a kind of double-gradient well drilling system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the mating brill of dedicated choke manifold (19)
Well throttle valve, data monitoring control system (4) connect and monitor drilling well throttle valve.
7. a kind of double-gradient well drilling method, it is characterised in that using the double-gradient well drilling system of claim 1 or 4, including with
Lower step:
Double-wall drill pipe (9), cross-over sub (10), conventional drilling tool (11) and drill bit (12) constitute downhole assembly and protrude into well
Intraocularly, adapter (5) are driven on connection top in top, form annular space A (14) between downhole assembly and wellbore；
Drilling well pump group (1) injects first fluid and drives adaptive device duct B (50), double-wall drill pipe annular space B by top drive (2), top
(17), cross-over sub duct E (101), conventional drilling tool (11) and drill bit (12), into annular space A (14)；What annular space A (14) was returned
First fluid drives adaptive device duct C (51) by cross-over sub duct D (100), double-wall drill pipe duct A (18), top, then leads to
It crosses discharge pipe and reaches downstream mud disposal system；
Pump installation (3) are assisted to inject second fluid into annular space A (14), for adjusting the barometric gradient in annular space A (14)；Data
Monitor control system (4) is used to monitor the second fluid flow of auxiliary pump installation (3) injection, so that it is determined that second fluid is in annular space
Height in A (14).
8. a kind of double-gradient well drilling method, it is characterised in that using the double-gradient well drilling system of claim 3 or 6, including with
Lower step:
Double-wall drill pipe (9), cross-over sub (10), conventional drilling tool (11) and drill bit (12) constitute downhole assembly and protrude into well
Intraocularly, adapter (5) are driven on connection top in top, form annular space A (14) between downhole assembly and wellbore；
Drilling well pump group (1) injects first fluid and drives adaptive device duct B (50), double-wall drill pipe annular space B by top drive (2), top
(17), cross-over sub duct E (101), conventional drilling tool (11) and drill bit (12), into annular space A (14)；What annular space A (14) was returned
First fluid drives adaptive device duct C (51) by cross-over sub duct D (100), double-wall drill pipe duct A (18), top, then leads to
It crosses discharge pipe and dedicated choke manifold (19) reaches downstream mud disposal system；
Pump installation (3) are assisted to inject second fluid into annular space A (14), for adjusting the barometric gradient in annular space A (14)；Data
Monitor control system (4) is used to monitor the second fluid flow of auxiliary pump installation (3) injection, so that it is determined that second fluid is in annular space
Height in A (14)；Data monitoring control system (4) is realized by controlling the drilling well throttle valve of dedicated choke manifold (19) simultaneously
Backpressure regulation to the first fluid for returning out double-wall drill pipe changes simultaneously second fluid ring by the backpressure regulation to first fluid
The height of shape fluid column adjusts bottom pressure, to adjust annular space A(14) in different Open-Hole Section depth Fluid pressure.
9. according to the double-gradient well drilling method of claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that: the density of the second fluid is greater than
The density of first fluid.
10. double-gradient well drilling method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: by changing the close of the first fluid
Degree changes simultaneously the height of second fluid annular fluid column to adjust bottom pressure, to adjust annular space A(14) in different Open-Hole Sections
The Fluid pressure of depth.
11. double-gradient well drilling method according to claim 10, it is characterised in that: the second in the annular space A (14)
The bodily form circularizes fluid column, and second fluid annular fluid column lower end is located at cross-over sub (10) top, and second fluid is not involved in first-class
The entire cyclic process of body；In Open-Hole Section in annular space A(14), the second fluid static pressure at different depth is located at corresponding deep
Between the strata pressure and fracture pressure of degree.
12. double-gradient well drilling method according to claim 10, it is characterised in that: in the first fluid cyclic process,
Cross-over sub (10) lower part annular space A (14) in formed pressure be located at respective depth strata pressure and fracture pressure it
Between.
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| CN110608005A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2019-12-24 | 西南石油大学 | Gas-lift reverse circulation drilling system and automatic control method |
| CN111622697A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-09-04 | 西南石油大学 | Deep-sea double-layer pipe well bottom three-channel pressure control system and control method |
| CN112878904A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-06-01 | 西南石油大学 | Well body structure optimization method of double-pipe double-gradient drilling technology |
| CN113250616A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-13 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Deepwater pressure control drilling system |
| CN113250617A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-13 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Multi-gradient pressure control drilling system |
| CN113404481A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-17 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Shaft flow control method based on double-layer continuous pipe double-gradient drilling system |
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