CN110062238A - A kind of decoding method for four component videos - Google Patents
A kind of decoding method for four component videos Download PDFInfo
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- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
- H04N19/172—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a picture, frame or field
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/44—Decoders specially adapted therefor, e.g. video decoders which are asymmetric with respect to the encoder
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical fields of encoding and decoding, disclose a kind of decoding method for four component videos, the following steps are included: Step 1: as unit of a frame image, by a four component format frame image reorganizations at two three-component format frame images, respectively odd frame and even frame, Y-component in the odd frame and even frame is respectively two components in four components, to be three-component format video by four component format Video Quality Metrics；Step 2: carrying out encoding and decoding to the three-component format video using existing decoding method, corresponding codec data and decoded three-component format video are obtained；Step 3: handling the decoded three-component format video using the inverse operation of the recombination, corresponding four component formats video is obtained.Method of the invention is versatile.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical fields of coding and decoding video, and in particular to a kind of encoding and decoding side for four component videos
Method.
Background technique
RGB, HIS, YUV, CMYK etc. different color spaces is the different representations of same physical quantitiess, these different tables
Show method reference in different fields.YUV is a kind of colour coding method, is often used in each field of video processing, YUV is being compareed
When piece or Video coding, it is contemplated that the sensing capability of the mankind allows to reduce the bandwidth of coloration.For historical evolution, wherein
YUV and Y'UV is commonly used to the analog signal of encoded tv, and YCbCr is then the vision signal for describing number, is suitble to view
Frequency and picture compression and transmission, such as MPEG, JPEG.
For the sake of saving bandwidth, the bits per pixel that most of yuv formats averagely use are less than 24, main sampling
Format has YCbCr4:2:0, YCbCr4:2:2 and YCbCr4:4:4.The representation of YUV is known as A:B:C representation:
4:4:4 indicates sampling completely.
4:2:2 indicates the horizontal sampling of 2:1, vertical fully sampled.
4:2:0 indicates the horizontal sampling of 2:1, vertical 2:1 sampling.
In coded video sequence, there are mainly three types of coded frames: I frame, P frame, B frame:
I frame, that is, Intra-coded picture (in-frame encoding picture frame) only utilizes this without reference to other picture frames
The information of frame is encoded；
P frame, that is, Predictive-codedPicture (predictive-coded picture frame) is adopted using I frame or P frame before
Inter prediction encoding is carried out with the mode of motion prediction；
B frame, that is, Bidirectionallypredicted picture (bidirectionally predictive coded picture frame), provides highest
Compression ratio, it both need before picture frame (I frame or P frame), it is also desirable to later picture frame (P frame), using motion prediction
Mode carry out interframe bi-directional predictive coding.
Image group (Group of picture, i.e. GOP), refers to the distance between two I frames, it is clear that in the group of images
First frame is exactly I frame.
For traditional Video coding, YUV three-component is generallyd use to carry out coded treatment.But in some specific areas
Video in, video image is such as a kind of technology to be had developed in recent years, wherein in addition to three about RGB by four representation in components
Except the information of primary colors, information also directed to the sightless light of human eye such as infrared light and ultraviolet light or pass through specific wavelength in RGB
The information carrying out reference object and obtaining, execute image analysis and use analyzed information come carry out fruit sugar analysis,
The pathological analysis etc. of internal.The image includes that the multispectral image of the number of colors component in addition to RGB is (also referred to as " more
Band image " or " multichannel image ") it include a large amount of spectrum, the data volume on this image tends to increase.Therefore, it is necessary to right
Image data realizes compression, transmission etc. by encoding and decoding, to use when this multispectral image or remember in communication etc.
Data volume is reduced when recording this multispectral image in recording medium, the method for handling this kind of image at present is few, is only capable of to specific
The image of type is handled, and versatility is poor, and algorithm is complicated, and speed is slow.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of decoding methods for four component videos, solve existing processing method and are only capable of to spy
The problems such as image for determining type is handled, and versatility is poor.
The present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of decoding method for four component videos, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: as unit of a frame image, by a four component format frame image reorganizations at two three-component format frames
Y-component in image, respectively odd frame and even frame, the odd frame and even frame is respectively two components in four components, thus will
Four component format Video Quality Metrics are three-component format video；
Step 2: carrying out encoding and decoding to the three-component format video using existing decoding method, obtain corresponding
Codec data and decoded three-component format video；
Step 3: handling the decoded three-component format video using the inverse operation of the recombination, obtain corresponding
Four component format videos.
Further, the frame image is disposed as the rectangle data region of multiple pixel compositions, each pixel
Point includes the component value of four components, the method for recombination the following steps are included:
Step I, using two components W, H in a four component format frame images as the Y-component of odd frame, even frame
Y-component；
Step II, by the component value of residue two components Z, X in the four component formats frame image according to level side
To or the odd bits of vertical direction, even bit resolve into four subcomponents, respectively Zsub1, Zsub2 and Xsub1,
Then Xsub2 carries out combination of two to four components, respectively as the U of odd frame, V component, even frame U, V component；
Step III, step I~II is repeated, the recombination of all four component formats frame images is completed, so that four component formats regard
Frequency arrives the conversion of three-component format video.
Further, the decomposition method in the step II the following steps are included:
Step I, by all rows in the component value of residue two components Z, X in the four component formats frame image in level
The region that the corresponding component value of odd bits on direction is constituted is as subcomponent Zsub1, Xsub1, the corresponding component value of even bit
The region of composition is as subcomponent Zsub2, Xsub2；
Four described subcomponent Zsub1, Zsub2, Xsub1, Xsub2 are carried out combination of two by step II, become Zsub1,
Zsub2 and Xsub1, Xsub2, Zsub1, Xsub1 and Zsub2, Xsub2 or Zsub1, Xsub2 and Xsub1, Zsub2, point
Not as the U of odd frame, V component, even frame U, V component.
Further, the decomposition method in the step II the following steps are included:
Step is 1., by all rows in the component value of residue two components Z, X in the four component formats frame image in water
Square upward component value carries out 1/2 sampling, and the region of composition is as Zsub, Xsub；
Step is 2., the corresponding component value of column odd bits in vertical direction all to described region Zsub, Xsub constitutes
Region as subcomponent Zsub1, Xsub1, region that the corresponding component value of even bit is constituted as subcomponent Zsub2,
Xsub2；
3., by four described subcomponent Zsub1, Zsub2, Xsub1, Xsub2 step carries out combination of two, become Zsub1,
Zsub2 and Xsub1, Xsub2, Zsub1, Xsub1 and Zsub2, Xsub2 or Zsub1, Xsub2 and Xsub1, Zsub2, point
Not as the U of odd frame, V component, even frame U, V component.
Further, by the component value of residue two components Z, X in the four component formats frame image according to level side
To odd bits, even bit resolve into four subcomponents when, to the three-component format video after conversion using YCbCr4:2:2
Chroma format carries out encoding and decoding；When resolving into four subcomponents according to the odd bits of vertical direction, even bit, to three after conversion
Component format video carries out encoding and decoding using the chroma format of YCbCr4:2:0.
Further, the inverse operation of the recombination includes first taking out the Y-component of the often adjacent odd frame, even frame, structure
At W, H component of same four component formats frame image, then by the often adjacent odd frame, the U of even frame, V component component value
According to the inverse operation that the odd bits of horizontal direction or vertical direction, even bit decompose, same four component formats frame image is constituted
Z, X-component, to complete the conversion of three-component format video to four component format videos.
Further, if first finding out often adjacent institute according to the inverse operation that the odd bits of horizontal direction, even bit decompose
State odd frame, the U of even frame, V component component value belong to the Z or X-component of same four component formats frame image, according still further to odd number
Position, even bit are resetted；If first being found out often adjacent according to the inverse operation that the odd bits of vertical direction, even bit decompose
The odd frame, the U of even frame, the component value of V component belong to the Z or X-component of same four component formats frame image, according still further to
Odd bits, even bit are resetted, finally using the component value between the interpolation arithmetic supplement two neighboring component value of horizontal direction.
A kind of coding method for four component videos, including as unit of a frame image, by a four component format frames
Image reorganization is at two three-component format frame images, respectively odd frame and even frame, and the Y-component in the odd frame and even frame is respectively
Two components in four components, thus the step of being three-component format video by four component format Video Quality Metrics；Using existing
Encoder encodes the three-component format video using the chroma format of YCbCr4:22 or YCbCr4:2:0, obtains
The step of corresponding coded data.
Further, the frame image is disposed as the rectangle data region of multiple pixel compositions, each pixel
Point includes the component value of four components, the method for recombination the following steps are included:
Step1, using two components W, H in a four component format frame images as the Y-component of odd frame, even frame
Y-component；
Step2, by the component value of residue two components Z, X in the four component formats frame image according to horizontal direction
Or the odd bits of vertical direction, even bit resolve into four subcomponents, respectively Zsub1, Zsub2 and Xsub1, Xsub2,
Then combination of two is carried out to four components, respectively as U, V component of odd frame, U, the V component of even frame；
Step3 repeats Step1~Step2, the recombination of all four component formats frame images is completed, thus four component formats
Conversion of the video to three-component format video.
Further, the step (2) in decomposition method the following steps are included:
Step I, by all rows in the component value of residue two components Z, X in the four component formats frame image in level
The region that the corresponding component value of odd bits on direction is constituted is as subcomponent Zsub1, Xsub1, the corresponding component value of even bit
The region of composition is as subcomponent Zsub2, Xsub2；
Step II, four described subcomponent Zsub1, Zsub2, Xsub1, Xsub2 carry out to combination of two, as Zsub1,
Zsub2 and Xsub1, Xsub2, Zsub1, Xsub1 and Zsub2, Xsub2 or Zsub1, Xsub2 and Xsub1, Zsub2, point
Not as the U of odd frame, V component, even frame U, V component.
Further, the decomposition method in the Step II the following steps are included:
Step I, by all rows in the component value of residue two components Z, X in the four component formats frame image in level
Component value on direction carries out 1/2 sampling, and the region of composition is as Zsub, Xsub；
The corresponding component value of odd bits of Step II, column all to described region Zsub, Xsub in vertical direction is constituted
Region as subcomponent Zsub1, Xsub1, region that the corresponding component value of even bit is constituted as subcomponent Zsub2,
Xsub2；
Four described subcomponent Zsub1, Zsub2, Xsub1, Xsub2 are carried out combination of two by Step III, as Zsub1,
Zsub2 and Xsub1, Xsub2, Zsub1, Xsub1 and Zsub2, Xsub2 or Zsub1, Xsub2 and Xsub1, Zsub2, point
Not as the U of odd frame, V component, even frame U, V component.
The present invention is beneficial to be had the technical effect that
By recombination, a four component format frame images are become into two three-component format frame images, respectively odd frame and
Even frame, wherein the odd frame and the Y-component of even frame are two components in four components, and U, V component are then by remaining in four components
Four subcomponent recombinants that two components are decomposed obtain, and four component videos can thus be become to three-component view
It frequently,, will be decoded finally using the inverse operation of recombination so as to carry out encoding and decoding to it using existing decoding method
Three-component format frame image becomes four component format frame images, final to obtain four component videos, can be with using method of the invention
Handle the encoding and decoding problem of different types of four component video, and do not have to component that concern has more why seed type, it is versatile,
Simultaneously by recombination and its inverse operation, it can be carried out encoding and decoding by existing codec, calculating process is terse, preferably
Solve the needs of preservation and the display viewing of four component videos.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is overall procedure schematic diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and the preferred embodiment specific embodiment that the present invention will be described in detail.
Using red R, green G and indigo plant B three primary colors, by reproduce watch the color of color close to human eye show digital camera,
The image of the shootings such as video camera, currently, the decoding method for such image mainly has transition coding, estimation and movement
Compensation, entropy coding perhaps in summary the hybrid coding of three but for multispectral or ultraspectral image etc. in addition to including
There is no relatively good processing sides for RGB three primary color components, also the multi -components video of the spectral information comprising specific wavelength or image
Method, in this regard, the present invention provides a kind of decoding methods for four component videos, it, will mainly as unit of a frame image
Then one four component format frame image reorganization can use existing decoding method at two three-component format frame images
It is handled.
Coding method is first told about below, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1: as unit of a frame image, by a four component format frame image reorganizations at two three-component format frames
Y-component in image, respectively odd frame and even frame, the odd frame and even frame is respectively two components in four components, odd frame and idol
U, V component in frame are obtained by two component combinations remaining in four components respectively, to be by four component format Video Quality Metrics
Three-component format video.
Each frame image is disposed as to the rectangle data region of multiple pixel compositions, each pixel includes four
The component value of component, in this way, the specific method is as follows for recombination:
Step I, using two components W, H in a four component format frame images as the Y-component of odd frame, even frame
Y-component；
Assuming that there is the four component format videos of one section of 1000 frame, as follows, each component is disposed as 3840x2160
The rectangle data region of size, it is assumed that frame per second F is 25fps.
(W0Z0H0X0), (W1Z1H1X1) ... ..., (W999, Z999, H999, X999) (1)
By each four component format frame image reorganization at two three-component format frame images, then formula (1) becomes formula (2),
As follows,
(Y0,U0,V0),(Y1,U1,V1),(Y2,U2,V2),(Y3,U3,V3),…(Y1998,U1998,V1998) ,
(Y1999,U1999,V1999) (2)
The frame per second of the three-component format video as shown in formula (2) is 50fps, appoints in four components and takes 2 component conducts
The Y-component of odd frame and even frame, such as: Wn, Hn can become formula (3) respectively as Y2n, Y2n+1, this pattern (2):
(W0,U0,V0),(H0,U1,V1),(W1,U2,V2),(H1,U3,V3),…(W999,U1998,V1998),
(H999,U1999,V1999) (3)
Step II, by the component value of residue two components Z, X in four component format frame images according to horizontal direction or
The odd bits of person's vertical direction, even bit resolve into four subcomponents, respectively Zsub1, Zsub2 and Xsub1, Xsub2, so
Combination of two is carried out to four components afterwards, specific as follows respectively as U, V component of odd frame, U, the V component of even frame:
If resolving into four subcomponents according to the odd bits of horizontal direction, even bit, firstly, by four component format frame figures
The area that the corresponding component value of the odd bits of all rows in the horizontal direction is constituted in the component value of residue two components Z, X as in
Domain is as subcomponent Zsub1, Xsub1, and the region that the corresponding component value of even bit is constituted is as subcomponent Zsub2, Xsub2；So
Afterwards, this four subcomponents Zsub1, Zsub2, Xsub1, Xsub2 are subjected to combination of two, as Zsub1, Zsub2 and Xsub1,
Xsub2, Zsub1, Xsub1 and Zsub2, Xsub2 or Zsub1, Xsub2 and Xsub1, Zsub2, respectively as odd frame U,
U, the V component of V component, even frame.
By taking four component format videos of above-mentioned one section of 1000 frame as an example, it is assumed that Zn setting is horizontally 3840 points
Magnitude, vertical direction is the rectangle data region of 2160 rows, as shown in the table, then by the idol in the horizontal direction of rows all in Zn
The region that the component value that numerical digit sets (0,2,4,8 ... ..., 3838) is constituted is subcomponent Znsub1, by the level side of rows all in Z
The region that the component value of upward odd positions (1,3,5,7 ... ..., 3839) is constituted is subcomponent Znsub2.Same processing
Xn obtains subcomponent Xnsub1, Xnsub2.
Then, by subcomponent Znsub1, Znsub2, Xnsub1, any combination of two of Xnsub2 obtains two groups of subcomponents
Data, such as: (Znsub1, Xnsub1), (Znsub2, Xnsub2), as (U2n, V2n) and (U2n+1, V2n+1) are respectively corresponded
Even frame and the U of odd frame, V component, wherein U, V component are all horizontally oriented 1920 pixels, and vertical direction is the square of 2160 rows
Graphic data region.
If resolving into four subcomponents according to the odd bits of vertical direction, even bit, first, by four component format frame figures
The component value of all rows in the horizontal direction carries out 1/2 sampling, specific side in the component value of residue two components Z, X as in
Value after method such as dot interlace value, filtering, the region of composition is as Zsub, Xsub；Then, to above-mentioned zone Zsub, Xsub
The region that the corresponding component value of odd bits of all column in vertical direction is constituted is as subcomponent Zsub1, Xsub1, even bit
The region that corresponding component value is constituted is as subcomponent Zsub2, Xsub2；Finally, by this four subcomponent Zsub1, Zsub2,
Xsub1, Xsub2 progress combination of two, as Zsub1, Zsub2 and Xsub1, Xsub2, Zsub1, Xsub1 and Zsub2,
Xsub2 or Zsub1, Xsub2 and Xsub1, Zsub2, U, V component respectively as odd frame, U, V component of even frame.
By taking four component format videos of above-mentioned one section of 1000 frame as an example, it is assumed that Zn setting is horizontally 3840 points
Magnitude, vertical direction is the rectangle data region of 2160 rows, as shown above, by the component in the horizontal direction of rows all in Zn
Value carries out 1/2 sampling, and value after specific method such as dot interlace value, filtering obtains 1920 component value；Then in Vertical Square
The region that the row pixel value of upward even number position (0,2,4,8 ... ..., 2158) is constituted is subcomponent Znsub1, will be in Vertical Square
The region that the row pixel value of upward odd positions (1,3,5,7 ... ..., 2159) is constituted is subcomponent Znsub2.Same processing
Component Xn obtains subcomponent Xnsub1, Xnsub2.
By Znsub1, Znsub2, Xnsub1, any combination of two of Xnsub2 obtains the data of two groups of subcomponents, such as:
(Znsub1, Xnsub1), (Znsub2, Xnsub2), as (U2n, V2n), (U2n+1, V2n+1) respectively corresponds even frame and odd frame
U, V component, wherein U, V component is all horizontally oriented 1920 pixels, and vertical direction is the rectangle data region of 1080 rows.
Step III, step I~II is repeated, the recombination of all four component formats frame images is completed, so that four component formats regard
Frequency arrives the conversion of three-component format video.
Step 2: encoding using existing coding method to the three-component format video, corresponding coding is obtained
Data.If by the component value of residue two components Z, X in four component format frame images according to the odd bits of horizontal direction,
Even bit resolves into four subcomponents, then is carried out to the three-component format video after conversion using the chroma format of YCbCr4:2:2
Coding；If resolving into four subcomponents according to the odd bits of vertical direction, even bit, the three-component format after conversion is regarded
Frequency is encoded using the chroma format of YCbCr4:2:0.
In coding, it is required to mark the frame in the user data area of every frame code stream to be odd frame or even frame, to decode
Identification uses.
Based on coding/decoding method described above, then include the following steps, firstly, using YCbCr4 to above-mentioned coded data:
The chroma format of 2:2 or YCbCr4:2:0 is decoded, and obtains decoded three-component format video；Then, use is above-mentioned
The inverse operation of recombination handles decoded three-component format video, obtains corresponding four component formats video.
Its inverse operation recombinated includes first taking out the Y-component of often adjacent odd frame, even frame, constitutes same four components lattice
W, H component of formula frame image, then the component value of often adjacent odd frame, the U of even frame, V component according to horizontal direction or is hung down
Histogram to odd bits, even bit decompose inverse operation, if coding when using YCbCr4:2:2 chroma format, i.e., according to water
Square to inverse operation, then U, the V component of U, V component and even frame that need to only find out odd frame belong to same four component formats frame
Then the Z or X-component of image carry out odd bits, even bit resets；If using the coloration of YCbCr4:2:0 when coding
Format, i.e., according to the inverse operation of vertical direction, U, V component in addition to finding out the U of odd frame, V component and even frame belong to same four
Then the Z or X-component of component format frame image carry out also carrying out interpolation arithmetic except odd bits, even bit reset, by
In in coding, we are only handled the component value of half on all rows, remaining half is rejected, so when decoding only
It can be supplemented using interpolation arithmetic, the average value of two neighboring component value can such as be gone to add to horizontal direction phase as interpolation
Between adjacent two component values, to complete the conversion of three-component format video to four component format videos.
One four component format frame image is become two three-component format frame images, respectively by recombination by the present invention
Odd frame and even frame, wherein the odd frame and the Y-component of even frame are two components in four components, and U, V component are then by four points
Four subcomponent recombinants that remaining two components are decomposed in amount obtain, and can thus become four component videos
Three-component video, will finally using the inverse operation of recombination so as to carry out encoding and decoding to it using existing decoding method
Decoded three-component format frame image becomes four component format frame images, final to obtain four component videos, using of the invention
Method can handle the encoding and decoding problem of different types of four component video, and do not have to component that concern has more why seed type,
It is versatile, while by recombination and its inverse operation, it can be carried out encoding and decoding, calculating process letter by existing codec
Practice, has better solved the needs of preservation and the display viewing of four component videos.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that these
Be merely illustrative of, under the premise of without departing substantially from of the invention and essence, these embodiments can be made numerous variations or
Modification, therefore, protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of decoding method for four component videos, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
Step 1: as unit of a frame image, by a four component format frame image reorganizations at two three-component format frame images,
Y-component in respectively odd frame and even frame, the odd frame and even frame is respectively two components in four components, thus by four components
Format video is converted to three-component format video；
Step 2: carrying out encoding and decoding to the three-component format video using existing decoding method, corresponding volume solution is obtained
Yardage is accordingly and decoded three-component format video；
Step 3: handling the decoded three-component format video using the inverse operation of the recombination, corresponding four points are obtained
Measure format video.
2. the decoding method according to claim 1 for being used for four component videos, which is characterized in that the frame image is equal
It is set as the rectangle data region of multiple pixel compositions, each pixel includes the component value of four components, recombination
Method the following steps are included:
Step I is divided two components W, H in a four component format frame images as the Y of the Y-component of odd frame, even frame
Amount；
Step II, by the component value of residue two components Z, X in the four component formats frame image according to horizontal direction or
The odd bits of person's vertical direction, even bit resolve into four subcomponents, respectively Zsub1, Zsub2 and Xsub1, Xsub2, then
Combination of two is carried out to four components, respectively as the U of odd frame, V component, even frame U, V component；
Step III, step I~II is repeated, the recombination of all four component formats frame images is completed, so that four component format videos arrive
The conversion of three-component format video.
3. the decoding method according to claim 2 for being used for four component videos, it is characterised in that in the step II
Decomposition method the following steps are included:
Step I, by all rows in the component value of residue two components Z, X in the four component formats frame image in the horizontal direction
On the region that constitutes of the corresponding component value of odd bits be used as subcomponent Zsub1, Xsub1, the corresponding component value composition of even bit
Region as subcomponent Zsub2, Xsub2；
Four described subcomponent Zsub1, Zsub2, Xsub1, Xsub2 are carried out combination of two by step II, as Zsub1,
Zsub2 and Xsub1, Xsub2, Zsub1, Xsub1 and Zsub2, Xsub2 or Zsub1, Xsub2 and Xsub1, Zsub2, respectively
As the U of odd frame, V component, even frame U, V component.
4. the decoding method according to claim 2 for being used for four component videos, it is characterised in that in the step II
Decomposition method the following steps are included:
Step is 1., by all rows in the component value of residue two components Z, X in the four component formats frame image in level side
Upward component value carries out 1/2 sampling, and the region of composition is as Zsub, Xsub；
Step 2., the area that constitutes of the corresponding component value of column odd bits in vertical direction all to described region Zsub, Xsub
Domain is as subcomponent Zsub1, Xsub1, and the region that the corresponding component value of even bit is constituted is as subcomponent Zsub2, Xsub2；
3., by four described subcomponent Zsub1, Zsub2, Xsub1, Xsub2 step carries out combination of two, as Zsub1,
Zsub2 and Xsub1, Xsub2, Zsub1, Xsub1 and Zsub2, Xsub2 or Zsub1, Xsub2 and Xsub1, Zsub2, respectively
As the U of odd frame, V component, even frame U, V component.
5. the decoding method according to claim 2 for being used for four component videos, it is characterised in that: the inverse fortune of the recombination
Calculating includes first taking out the Y-component of the often adjacent odd frame, even frame, constitutes W, H points of same four component formats frame image
Amount, then by the often adjacent odd frame, the U of even frame, V component component value according to horizontal direction or vertical direction odd number
The inverse operation that position, even bit decompose, constitutes Z, the X-component of same four component formats frame image, to complete three-component format view
Conversion of the frequency to four component format videos.
6. the decoding method according to claim 5 for being used for four component videos, it is characterised in that: if according to horizontal direction
Odd bits, the inverse operation decomposed of even bit, then first find out the often adjacent odd frame, the U of even frame, V component component value
The Z or X-component for belonging to same four component formats frame image, are resetted according still further to odd bits, even bit；If according to vertical
The inverse operation that the odd bits in direction, even bit decompose, then first find out the often adjacent odd frame, the U of even frame, V component point
Magnitude belongs to the Z or X-component of same four component formats frame image, is resetted according still further to odd bits, even bit, is finally adopted
With the component value between the interpolation arithmetic supplement two neighboring component value of horizontal direction.
7. a kind of coding method for four component videos, characterized by comprising: as unit of a frame image, by one four points
Amount format frame image reorganization is divided at two three-component format frame images, respectively odd frame and even frame, the odd frame with the Y in even frame
Amount is respectively two components in four components, thus the step of being three-component format video by four component format Video Quality Metrics；Benefit
With existing encoder, the three-component format video is carried out using the chroma format of YCbCr4:22 or YCbCr4:2:0
The step of encoding, obtaining corresponding coded data.
8. the coding method according to claim 7 for being used for four component videos, it is characterised in that the frame image is all provided with
It is set to the rectangle data region of multiple pixel compositions, each pixel includes the component value of four components, recombination
Method the following steps are included:
Step1, divide two components W, H in a four component format frame images as the Y of the Y-component of odd frame, even frame
Amount；
Step2, by the component value of residue two components Z, X in the four component formats frame image according to horizontal direction or
The odd bits of vertical direction, even bit resolve into four subcomponents, respectively Zsub1, Zsub2 and Xsub1, Xsub2, then right
Four components carry out combination of two, respectively as the U of odd frame, V component, even frame U, V component；
Step3 repeats Step1~Step2, the recombination of all four component formats frame images is completed, thus four component format videos
To the conversion of three-component format video.
9. the decoding method according to claim 8 for being used for four component videos, it is characterised in that the step (2) in
Decomposition method the following steps are included:
Step I, by all rows in the component value of residue two components Z, X in the four component formats frame image in the horizontal direction
On the region that constitutes of the corresponding component value of odd bits be used as subcomponent Zsub1, Xsub1, the corresponding component value composition of even bit
Region as subcomponent Zsub2, Xsub2；
Step II, four described subcomponent Zsub1, Zsub2, Xsub1, Xsub2 carry out to combination of two, as Zsub1,
Zsub2 and Xsub1, Xsub2, Zsub1, Xsub1 and Zsub2, Xsub2 or Zsub1, Xsub2 and Xsub1, Zsub2, respectively
As the U of odd frame, V component, even frame U, V component.
10. the decoding method according to claim 8 for being used for four component videos, it is characterised in that in the Step II
Decomposition method the following steps are included:
Step I, by all rows in the component value of residue two components Z, X in the four component formats frame image in the horizontal direction
On component value carry out 1/2 sampling, the region of composition is as Zsub, Xsub；
The area that the corresponding component value of odd bits of Step II, column all to described region Zsub, Xsub in vertical direction is constituted
Domain is as subcomponent Zsub1, Xsub1, and the region that the corresponding component value of even bit is constituted is as subcomponent Zsub2, Xsub2；
Four described subcomponent Zsub1, Zsub2, Xsub1, Xsub2 are carried out combination of two by Step III, as Zsub1,
Zsub2 and Xsub1, Xsub2, Zsub1, Xsub1 and Zsub2, Xsub2 or Zsub1, Xsub2 and Xsub1, Zsub2, respectively
As the U of odd frame, V component, even frame U, V component.
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