CN110061235A - The method of the tertiary cathode material of excellent chemical property is prepared by the structure regulating of soft template - Google Patents
The method of the tertiary cathode material of excellent chemical property is prepared by the structure regulating of soft template Download PDFInfo
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- CN110061235A CN110061235A CN201910249773.6A CN201910249773A CN110061235A CN 110061235 A CN110061235 A CN 110061235A CN 201910249773 A CN201910249773 A CN 201910249773A CN 110061235 A CN110061235 A CN 110061235A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods that structure regulating by soft template prepares the tertiary cathode material of excellent chemical property.(1) nickel cobalt manganese source and carbonate, surfactant are dissolved in distilled water, are sufficiently dissolved, is transferred in reaction kettle after the mixing of two solution, and reaction kettle is placed in baking oven, reaction obtains ternary precursor.(2) step (1) obtained Ni is weighed according to molar ratio1/3Co1/ 3Mn1/3CO3Presoma weighs lithium source, and the two is placed in mortar and is fully ground, and obtained mixing sample carries out step sintering under Muffle furnace air atmosphere, and cooled to room temperature is to get the positive electrode LiNi improved to appearance structure1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2.Present invention process is simple, low in cost, has prepared with good LiNi of chemical properties such as the multiplying power of surfactant soft template restriction effect improvement and cycle performances1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2Positive electrode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of lithium ion battery anode, specifically a kind of structure regulating by soft template prepares excellent
The method of the tertiary cathode material of good chemical property.
Background technique
The main component of lithium ion battery has anode, cathode, electrolyte, diaphragm etc..The storage of lithium ion battery energy and
Release is realized in the form of the redox reaction of electrode material, and positive active material is the most key core of lithium ion battery
Core material.Currently, the driving that increased dramatically by new-energy automobile industry to high Energy Density Materials demand, tertiary cathode material is
Through the research hotspot and mainstream kind that become lithium electricity industry.
Tertiary cathode material is micron-sized particulate matter, and primary little particle is easy to reunite, and forms the secondary of closely knit pattern
Particle.Studies have shown that partial size it is small material specific surface area it is larger, make the contact area of material and electrolyte increase, it is loose porous
Pattern be conducive to the infiltration of electrolyte, while lithium ion battery diffusion path shortens, and is conducive to lithium ion under high current density
On the surface of the material embedding de-.Therefore, small particle, the high rate performance of loose porous material are preferable, and to obtain the three of such pattern
First positive electrode needs to be calcined with the presoma with similar figures looks.Presoma is most important to the production of ternary material, forerunner
The quality (pattern, partial size, particle diameter distribution, specific surface area, impurity content, tap density etc.) of body directly determines that last sintering produces
The physical and chemical index of object.
Surfactant can change crystal grain primary and secondary (second level) crystalline structure growth direction and microcosmic knot
Structure.In hydro-thermal and crystallization process, surfactant is effectively adsorbed on material granule surface, the reactive group of surfactant with
Precursor particle surface group forms new chemical bond, realizes modification and modification to particle surface, has played soft mode
The restriction effect of plate prevents further growing up and reuniting for material granule, improves the uniformity of particle growth.Nano-scale
And the pattern being evenly distributed is conducive to Li+Transmission in the material improves the chemical property of material.
The present invention passes through the restriction effect of surfactant soft template, has prepared Ni under hydrothermal synthesizing condition1/3Co1/ 3Mn1/3CO3Persursor material.On this basis, in conjunction with high-temperature solid-phase sintering method, successfully it is prepared into LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2Just
Pole material, and research can be carried out to its electrochemistry.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to improve the shape of nickel-cobalt lithium manganate material using the restriction effect of surfactant soft template
Looks and structure improve the tap density and energy density of material, increase the infiltration of electrolyte, reduce lithium ion diffusion path, add
The diffusion rate of fast lithium ion, to prepare the LiNi of good circulation performance and high rate performance1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2Tertiary cathode
Material.
Specific steps are as follows:
(1) stoichiometrically weigh 0.001~0.01mol nickel source, 0.001~0.01mol cobalt source, 0.001~
0.01mol manganese source, three are placed in same beaker, and the deionized water of 40~200mL is then added;Claim further in accordance with stoichiometric ratio
It takes both 0.003~0.012mol carbonate, 0.001~0.005mol surfactant to be placed in same beaker, is then added
The deionized water of 40~200mL.With DF-101S type heat collecting type constant temperature blender with magnetic force at room temperature respectively by nickel cobalt manganese source
1~5h is sufficiently stirred with carbonate surface surfactant mixed solution, later slowly drips carbonate surface surfactant mixed solution
It is added in nickel cobalt manganese source solution, then 1~5h is sufficiently stirred at room temperature.Then mixed liquor is transferred to 50~200mL's
In polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, then polytetrafluoroethyllining lining is sealed in stainless steel cauldron, in the temperature set as 80~200
Under the conditions of DEG C, 8~48h, cooled to room temperature, filtering are kept the temperature.Dry 12~48h, obtains light pink under the conditions of 60~12 DEG C
Color precursor powder Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3CO3。
(2) step (1) obtained Ni is weighed according to molar ratio1/3Co1/3Mn1/3CO30.01~0.1mol of presoma, title
0.01~0.1mol of lithium source is taken, the two is placed in mortar and is fully ground 0.5~5h, obtained mixing sample is placed in Muffle furnace
Interior carry out double sintering, heating ramp rate are 2~10 DEG C/min, and first segment sintering temperature is 200~600 DEG C, sintering time 2
~16h;Second segment sintering temperature is 600~900 DEG C, and sintering time is 10~36h.Cool to room temperature with the furnace later to get arriving
Tertiary cathode material LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2。
The lithium source is one of lithium acetate, lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide or a variety of.
The manganese source is one of manganese acetate, manganese carbonate, manganese sulfate and manganese nitrate or a variety of.
The nickel source is one of nickel acetate, nickelous carbonate, nickel sulfate and nickel nitrate or a variety of.
The cobalt source is one of cobalt acetate, cobalt carbonate, cobaltous sulfate and cobalt nitrate or a variety of.
The carbonate is one of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate or a variety of.
The surfactant is neopelex (SDBS), cetyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), polyethylene pyrrole
One of pyrrolidone (PVP) is a variety of.
The present invention relates to based on the effect of surfactant soft template, hydro-thermal method synthesis of ternary presoma, in conjunction with high temperature solid-state
Sintering process prepares the tertiary cathode material of excellent electrochemical performance.Improvement by surfactant to material morphology structure,
The chemical property of material is significantly improved, making its capacity attenuation to a certain degree is inhibited and still has under high magnification higher
Specific discharge capacity.The result shows that:
When voltage range is 2.5~4.6V, LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2Material first discharge specific capacity under 0.5C multiplying power
Up to 184mAh/g, after circulation 100 is enclosed, specific discharge capacity conservation rate is 89.3%, has excellent cyclical stability.In multiplying power
In performance test, when 10C multiplying power, the specific discharge capacity of material can reach 82mAh/g.The present invention is low in cost, environmental pollution is small,
The LiNi of preparation1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2Positive electrode material has excellent chemical property, especially in terms of multiplying power and cycle performance
There is obvious raising.Therefore, the LiNi of surfactant auxiliary synthesis1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2Positive electrode material is in power electric
Pond field has broad application prospects.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is blank LiNi in embodiment 11/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2Plus the LiNi that SDBS is obtained1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2Positive material
The XRD diagram of material.
Fig. 2 is the LiNi that embodiment 1 obtains1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2Hot weight curve (the figure a: under the conditions of blank of positive electrode
LNCM hot weight curve;Scheme b: the LNCM-SDBS hot weight curve for adding SDBS to obtain).
Fig. 3 is the blank LiNi that embodiment 1 obtains1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2Plus the LiNi that SDBS is obtained1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2Just
(figure a: the LNCM SEM synthesized under the conditions of blank schemes the SEM figure under 50.0K amplification factor pole material respectively;Figure b: add SDBS
Synthesize obtained LNCM-SDBS SEM figure).
Fig. 4 is the LiNi for adding SDBS in embodiment 1 and synthesizing1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2Positive electrode different amplification
Under SEM scheme (a:1.50K times b:10.0K times c:30.0K times d:40.0K times e:60.0K times).
Fig. 5 is blank LiNi in embodiment 11/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2Plus the LiNi that SDBS is synthesized1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2Just
Cycle performance comparison diagram of pole material under the conditions of 0.5C multiplying power.
Fig. 6 is blank LiNi in embodiment 11/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2Plus the LiNi that SDBS is synthesized1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2Just
High rate performance figure of pole material under the conditions of 0.1C~10C.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) 0.003mol nickel source, 0.003mol cobalt source, 0.003mol manganese source are stoichiometrically weighed, three is placed in together
In one beaker, the deionized water of 40mL is then added;Further in accordance with stoichiometric ratio weigh 0.009mol natrium carbonicum calcinatum,
Both 0.001mol neopelexes are placed in same beaker, and the deionized water of 40mL is then added.With DF-101S type
Heat collecting type constant temperature blender with magnetic force is abundant by nickel cobalt manganese source and carbonate surface surfactant mixed solution respectively at room temperature
1h is stirred, carbonate surface surfactant mixed solution is slowly dropped in nickel cobalt manganese source solution later, then at room temperature
2h is sufficiently stirred.Then mixed liquor is transferred in the polytetrafluoroethyllining lining of 200mL, then polytetrafluoroethyllining lining is sealed to
In stainless steel cauldron, under the conditions of the temperature set is 170 DEG C, 12h, cooled to room temperature, filtering, in 80 DEG C of items are kept the temperature
Dry 12h, obtains lightpink precursor powder Ni under part1/3Co1/3Mn1/3CO3。
(2) step (1) obtained Ni is weighed according to molar ratio (presoma: lithium source=1:1.05)1/3Co1/3Mn1/3CO3
Presoma 1.25g, lithium source 0.568g is weighed, the two is placed in mortar and is fully ground 1h, obtained mixing sample is placed in horse
Double sintering is not carried out in furnace, heating ramp rate is 2~10 DEG C/min, and first segment sintering temperature is 550 DEG C, and sintering time is
5h;Second segment sintering temperature is 850 DEG C, sintering time 18h.Later cooled to room temperature to get arrive tertiary cathode material
LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2。
Synthesized sample making at round pole piece, it is assembled into button cell.
Concrete operations are as follows: it is that 8:1:1 ratio weighs active material, PVDF and acetylene black respectively according to mass ratio,
It is sufficiently mixed grinding, appropriate NMP is added, electrode slurry is made, slurry is uniformly coated on aluminium foil with spreader, in 120
In DEG C vacuum oven after dry 15h, it is washed into the round pole piece that multiple quality are 1.7mg.Electrolyte used is l mol/L
LiPF6/ EC+EMC+DMC (volume ratio l:l:l), Celgard2400 microporous polypropylene membrane are diaphragm, are with metal lithium sheet
Cathode is being lower than 5% full of argon gas, relative humidity, and oxygen is forced down and is assembled into certain sequence in the glove box of 10pp
CR2016 type button cell can carry out ac impedance measurement, charge-discharge test and cyclic voltammetry after standing 12h.Test
When material circulation performance charging/discharging voltage range be 2.5~4.6V, charge-discharge magnification 0.1C, 0.2C, 0.5C, 1C, 2C, 5C,
10C.Under 0.5C test condition, the first discharge specific capacity of sample reaches 176.6mAh/g, after recycling 100 times, specific discharge capacity
For 156mAh/g, capacity retention ratio 88.3%.
Embodiment 2
(1) 0.006mol nickel source, 0.006mol cobalt source, 0.006mol manganese source are stoichiometrically weighed, three is placed in together
In one beaker, the deionized water of 80mL is then added;Further in accordance with stoichiometric ratio weigh 0.018mol natrium carbonicum calcinatum,
Both 0.002mol cetyl trimethylammonium bromides are placed in same beaker, and the deionized water of 80mL is then added.Use DF-
101S type heat collecting type constant temperature blender with magnetic force at room temperature respectively mixes nickel cobalt manganese source and carbonate surface activating agent molten
1h is sufficiently stirred in liquid, carbonate surface surfactant mixed solution is slowly dropped in nickel cobalt manganese source solution later, then in room temperature
Under the conditions of 2h is sufficiently stirred.Then mixed liquor is transferred in the polytetrafluoroethyllining lining of 200mL, then by polytetrafluoroethyllining lining
It is sealed in stainless steel cauldron, under the conditions of the temperature set is 170 DEG C, keeps the temperature 12h, cooled to room temperature, filtering,
Dry 12h, obtains lightpink precursor powder Ni under the conditions of 80 DEG C1/3Co1/3Mn1/3CO3。
(2) step (1) obtained Ni is weighed according to molar ratio (presoma: lithium source=1:1.05)1/3Co1/3Mn1/3CO3
Presoma 2.5g, lithium source 1.136g is weighed, the two is placed in mortar and is fully ground 40min, obtained mixing sample is placed in
Double sintering is carried out in Muffle furnace, heating ramp rate is 2~10 DEG C/min, and first segment sintering temperature is 550 DEG C, sintering time
For 5h;Second segment sintering temperature is 850 DEG C, sintering time 18h.Later cooled to room temperature to get arrive tertiary cathode material
Expect LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2。
Synthesized sample making at round pole piece, it is assembled into button cell.
Concrete operations are as follows: it is that 8:1:1 ratio weighs active material, PVDF and acetylene black respectively according to mass ratio,
It is sufficiently mixed grinding, appropriate NMP is added, electrode slurry is made, slurry is uniformly coated on aluminium foil with spreader, in 120
In DEG C vacuum oven after dry 15h, it is washed into the round pole piece that multiple quality are 1.7mg.Electrolyte used is l mol/L
LiPF6/ EC+EMC+DMC (volume ratio l:l:l), Celgard2400 microporous polypropylene membrane are diaphragm, are with metal lithium sheet
Cathode is being lower than 5% full of argon gas, relative humidity, and oxygen is forced down and is assembled into certain sequence in the glove box of 10pp
CR2016 type button cell can carry out ac impedance measurement, charge-discharge test and cyclic voltammetry after standing 12h.Test
When material circulation performance charging/discharging voltage range be 2.5~4.6V, charge-discharge magnification 0.1C, 0.2C, 0.5C, 1C, 2C, 5C,
10C.Under 0.5C test condition, the first discharge specific capacity of sample reaches 174mAh/g, and after recycling 100 times, specific discharge capacity is
147.8mAh/g, capacity retention ratio 84.9%.
Wherein, the blank LiNi that embodiment 1 synthesizes1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2Positive electrode label are as follows: LNCM;SDBS is added to close
At LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2Positive electrode label are as follows: LNCM-SDBS;SDBS: neopelex;CTAB: ten six
Alkyl trimethyl ammonium bromide PVDF: Kynoar;NMP:N- N-methyl-2-2-pyrrolidone N;EC: ethylene carbonate;EMC: carbonic acid
Methyl ethyl ester;DMC: dimethyl carbonate.
Claims (7)
1. preparing the method for the tertiary cathode material of excellent chemical property by the structure regulating of soft template, it is characterised in that tool
Body step are as follows:
(1) 0.001~0.01mol nickel source, 0.001~0.01mol cobalt source, 0.001~0.01mol manganese are stoichiometrically weighed
Source, three are placed in same beaker, and the deionized water of 40~200mL is then added;0.003 is weighed further in accordance with stoichiometric ratio~
Both 0.012mol carbonate, 0.001~0.005mol surfactant are placed in same beaker, and 40~200mL is then added
Deionized water, with DF-101S type heat collecting type constant temperature blender with magnetic force at room temperature respectively by nickel cobalt manganese source and carbonate
1~5h is sufficiently stirred in surfactant mixed solution, and carbonate surface surfactant mixed solution is slowly dropped to nickel cobalt later
In manganese source solution, then 1~5h is sufficiently stirred at room temperature, then mixed liquor is transferred to the polytetrafluoroethyl-ne of 50~200mL
In alkene liner, then polytetrafluoroethyllining lining is sealed in stainless steel cauldron, in the temperature set as 80~200 DEG C of conditions
Under, 8~48h is kept the temperature, cooled to room temperature, filtering, dry 12~48h, obtains lightpink forerunner under the conditions of 60~12 DEG C
Body powder Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3CO3;
(2) step (1) obtained Ni is weighed according to molar ratio1/3Co1/3Mn1/3CO30.01~0.1mol of presoma, lithium source is weighed
The two is placed in mortar and is fully ground 0.5~5h by 0.01~0.1mol, and obtained mixing sample is placed in Muffle furnace and carries out
Double sintering, heating ramp rate are 2~10 DEG C/min, and first segment sintering temperature is 200~600 DEG C, 2~16h of sintering time;
Second segment sintering temperature is 600~900 DEG C, and sintering time is 10~36h, cools to room temperature with the furnace later to get ternary is arrived just
Pole material LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2。
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the lithium source is in lithium acetate, lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide
It is one or more.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the manganese source is manganese acetate, manganese carbonate, manganese sulfate and nitric acid
One of manganese is a variety of.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein the nickel source is nickel acetate, nickelous carbonate, nickel sulfate and nitric acid
One of nickel is a variety of.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the cobalt source is cobalt acetate, cobalt carbonate, cobaltous sulfate and nitric acid
One of cobalt is a variety of.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein the carbonate be one of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate or
It is a variety of.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is neopelex
(SDBS), one of cetyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or a variety of.
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CN113328090A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-08-31 | 合肥国轩电池材料有限公司 | High-nickel ternary cathode material and preparation method thereof |
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CN113582248A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-11-02 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Preparation method of nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary cathode material |
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Application publication date: 20190726 |