CN110059388B - Parameter distribution modeling simulation method for condenser of nuclear power plant along working medium flowing direction - Google Patents
Parameter distribution modeling simulation method for condenser of nuclear power plant along working medium flowing direction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a parameter distribution modeling simulation method of a condenser of a nuclear power plant along the flowing direction of a working medium. Determining input parameters aiming at the condenser along the flowing direction of the working medium according to the actual condenser structure parameters and the initial parameters; according to the actual condenser structure, the internal flowing heat exchange process and the actual physical boundary, carrying out region division on a condenser simulation model; simulating a calculation model and an integral processing calculation model by using average parameters of a condenser of a nuclear power plant along the flowing direction of a working medium; establishing a parameter distribution simulation calculation model of the condenser along the working medium direction and carrying out simulation calculation; and outputting the calculation parameters to obtain the arbitrary parameter distribution of the condenser along the flowing direction of the working medium and the dynamic change of the condenser along with the time. The method does not depend on any specific type, equipment form and parameter value of the nuclear power plant condenser, can be used for modeling and simulating various nuclear power plant condenser equipment under general conditions, and has good application range and universality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a modeling simulation method for a condenser of a nuclear power plant.
Background
The condenser of the nuclear power plant is an important component of a two-loop steam-water circulating system. The condenser is used for receiving the exhaust steam from the steam turbine, cooling and condensing the exhaust steam, and enabling the exhaust steam to enter the steam generator after being heated for many times by the feed water heater and the deaerator. The condenser of the nuclear power plant is used as a cold source of the two-loop system, so that the condenser plays an important role in the operation of the nuclear power plant, and the operation state of the condenser can obviously influence the power generation efficiency of the nuclear power plant. The internal physical process of the condenser of the nuclear power plant is complex, generally, the simulation modeling research on the condenser of the nuclear power plant is usually calculated and researched in a lumped parameter method or a control body dividing mode, and the division of the position and the control body is usually fixed, so that the parameter of the required position or any internal position is sometimes difficult to obtain. Meanwhile, in these simulation models, due to the fixed position and the division form of the control body, only the parameters of the specific position of the condenser can be calculated, and the distribution characteristics of the overall parameters in the condenser cannot be reflected. For the nuclear power plant condensers with different models and possibly changed parameters, generally speaking, the established simulation model is poor in universality and cannot be used for different condenser equipment after being simply modified, modeling and simulation are often required to be carried out again, so that the efficiency of modeling and simulation is influenced, the modeling and simulation period is prolonged, and the modeling and simulation of the whole system of the nuclear power plant are also influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a parameter distribution modeling and simulating method of a condenser of a nuclear power plant along the flowing direction of a working medium, which has a good application range and universality.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: determining input parameters aiming at the condenser along the flowing direction of the working medium according to the actual condenser structure parameters and the initial parameters;
step two: according to the actual condenser structure, the internal flowing heat exchange process and the actual physical boundary, carrying out region division on a condenser simulation model; simulating a calculation model and an integral processing calculation model of average parameters of the condenser of the nuclear power plant along the flow direction of the working medium; establishing a parameter distribution simulation calculation model of the condenser along the working medium direction and carrying out simulation calculation;
step three: and outputting the calculation parameters to obtain the arbitrary parameter distribution of the condenser along the flowing direction of the working medium and the dynamic change of the condenser along with the time.
The present invention may further comprise:
1. the condenser structural parameters mainly comprise:
overall dimension parameters of the condenser: condenser height, condenser width, condenser length, internal tube bundle size parameters: heat exchange tube diameter, heat exchange tube length, heat exchange tube bundle height, heat exchange tube interval, heat transfer area, heat sink dimensional parameter: hot well height, hot well volume;
initial condenser parameters include: the steam turbine exhaust pressure, the steam turbine exhaust dryness, the steam turbine exhaust enthalpy, the steam turbine exhaust flow, the cooling water inlet temperature, the cooling water inlet enthalpy and the cooling water flow;
the determination of the input parameters for the condenser in the flow direction of the working medium is as follows: the overall dimension parameter of the condenser and the initial parameter of the condenser are simultaneously used as boundary parameters of a condenser simulation model, and the dynamic parameter calculation of the condenser is realized by changing the boundary parameters of the condenser in the simulation process and is used as the input of parameter distribution modeling simulation of the nuclear power plant along the flow direction of the working medium.
2. According to the actual condenser structure, the internal flowing heat exchange process and the actual physical boundary, the area division of the condenser simulation model specifically comprises the following steps:
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of specifically dividing a shell side steam condensation area, a tube side cooling water area and a hot trap area, wherein the three areas in a simulation model correspond to a part of areas in actual condenser equipment of a nuclear power plant, the flow heat exchange calculation process of each area is different from that of other areas, a plurality of parameter calculation positions are selected in the shell side steam condensation area and the tube side cooling water area respectively according to requirements, and the hot trap area takes a hot trap liquid level position as a parameter calculation position.
3. The simulation calculation model and the integral processing calculation model of the average parameter of the condenser of the nuclear power plant along the working medium flowing direction are as follows:
in a shell side steam condensation zone, taking a steam inlet position as a simulation modeling starting point and taking the lowest position of a condenser tube row as a simulation modeling end point, wherein any selected position is a parameter position to be obtained; under the condition that boundary parameters of the inlet steam are known, processing is carried out by using an average parameter calculation model and an integral processing calculation model, a partial derivative form of a partial differential equation to a space position is converted into an algebraic form, the partial differential equation related to the space position and two parameters of time is converted into a constant differential equation related to time only, wherein the constant differential equation includes the algebraic form related to the space position, and therefore expressions related to required state parameters including working medium pressure, working medium vapor content and working medium temperature at different space positions are obtained and simulation is carried out; any parameter positions to be obtained of the shell side steam condensation area are used for simulating the distribution parameter calculation characteristics of the shell side steam condensation area in any indefinite number;
taking the cooling water inlet position as a simulation modeling initial point of the area and the cooling water outlet position as a simulation modeling terminal point of the area in the cooling water area at the pipe side, wherein any position is a parameter position to be solved, and processing the known inlet cooling water boundary parameters by using an average parameter calculation model and an integral processing calculation model; for the parameters at any position along the flowing direction of the shell side, in a partial differential equation related to time and space positions, converting the space position parameters related to the flowing direction of the working medium into an algebraic form, and performing dynamic process simulation on state parameters at any position of the tube side, including the temperature, pressure and other any parameters of the working medium at the tube side; the pipe side cooling water area is in a supercooled water state, at least two state parameters are processed, and any parameter positions to be solved in the pipe side cooling water area are in any indefinite number and are used for simulating the distribution parameter characteristics of the pipe side cooling water area;
taking the lowest position of the tube rows as the initial simulation modeling point of the region in the hot trap region, taking the condensate outlet of the condenser as the terminal simulation modeling point of the region, and taking the liquid level position of the hot trap as the position of a parameter to be solved; the liquid level of the hot trap area is mainly simulated in the hot trap area, and partial differential equations of two parameters of time and the liquid level are converted into ordinary differential equations of a single parameter of time, so that the liquid level of the hot trap area is simulated.
4. The method comprises the following steps of establishing a parameter distribution simulation calculation model of the condenser along the working medium direction and carrying out simulation calculation, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of simultaneously performing shell-side steam condensation calculation, noncondensable gas calculation and liquid film heat conduction calculation in a shell-side steam condensation zone, simultaneously performing tube-side single-phase flow heat exchange calculation and metal tube wall heat exchange calculation in a tube-side cooling water zone, respectively and simultaneously performing heat transfer flow calculation in the two zones according to selected and appointed spatial positions, respectively constructing three zone simulation calculation models for a nuclear power plant condenser simulation model according to and in combination with zone division forms and zone calculation relations, and sequentially calling during simulation calculation, wherein the shell-side steam condensation zone and the tube-side cooling water zone have parameter transfer relations, and the shell-side steam condensation zone and a heat trap zone have parameter transfer relations, so that a simulation calculation model is formed jointly.
5. Outputting calculation parameters, and acquiring any parameter distribution of the condenser along the flowing direction of the working medium and the dynamic change of the condenser along with time specifically comprises the following steps:
the constructed condenser parameter distribution simulation model calls calculation parts of each region in a time step, dynamic real-time simulation calculation is realized according to the set calculation and calling sequence, output is formed by combining spatial position and time, the dynamic parameter change conditions of temperature, pressure, dryness, enthalpy and flow of a shell side steam condensation region along with the spatial position and time, the dynamic parameter change conditions of temperature, pressure, enthalpy and flow of a tube side cooling water region along with the spatial position and time, and the dynamic parameter change conditions of liquid level, temperature, pressure, enthalpy and flow of a heat trap region along with the spatial position and time are obtained according to calculation.
The invention relates to a condenser in a two-loop system of a greenhouse pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, in particular to a simulation method capable of effectively modeling the condenser of the nuclear power plant.
The invention aims to provide a parameter distribution modeling simulation method which can improve the design and calculation efficiency of a condenser of a nuclear power plant and is based on an internal actual physical process. The modeling simulation method and the constructed simulation model can effectively improve the modeling simulation efficiency of the condenser of the nuclear power plant, and the nuclear power plant condenser simulation model which is based on the internal actual physical process and has the parameter distribution characteristic along the working medium flowing direction can more accurately reflect the parameter distribution condition and the parameter dynamic change condition of any position in the condenser of the nuclear power plant. The method does not depend on any specific type, equipment form and parameter value of the nuclear power plant condenser, can be used for modeling and simulating various nuclear power plant condenser equipment under general conditions, can be conveniently used in nuclear power plant system modeling and simulation, and has good application range and universality.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the condenser of the nuclear power plant is divided into three areas, namely a shell side steam condensation area, a tube side cooling water area and a heat trap area, the three areas are divided according to an actual flowing heat exchange process and a physical boundary in the condenser, and the internal parameters of the condenser are calculated in the three areas respectively according to the flowing direction of the working medium, so that the calculation requirements of the pressure, the temperature, the flow, the enthalpy value and other parameters of the condenser at any position along the flowing direction of the working medium in combination with the spatial position distribution are met. The invention can effectively improve the design, research and development and modeling simulation efficiency of the condenser of the nuclear power plant and improve the application range of the established simulation model of the condenser of the nuclear power plant. The established simulation model can meet different requirements of design, optimization, evaluation and the like of condensers of different nuclear power plants, and the simulation result can effectively perform simulation calculation on parameter distribution and dynamic characteristics of the condensers of the nuclear power plants to obtain parameters of any position in the condensers and dynamic change conditions of the parameters. The condenser simulation model established by the invention can be used as a basic unit in a nuclear power plant simulation system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a modeling simulation method of a condenser of a nuclear power plant along a working medium flowing direction.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the division and calculation of the location of the condenser in the nuclear power plant.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a simulation calculation model of a condenser of a nuclear power plant.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in more detail below by way of example.
The parameter distribution modeling simulation method of the condenser of the nuclear power plant along the working medium flowing direction firstly determines input parameters aiming at the condenser along the working medium flowing direction according to actual condenser structure parameters, initial parameters and the like. And then, carrying out region division on the condenser simulation model according to the actual condenser structure, the internal flowing heat exchange process and the actual physical boundary. A simulation calculation model of parameter distribution of the condenser along the working medium direction is established through a simulation calculation model of average parameters of the condenser of the nuclear power plant along the working medium flowing direction and an integral processing calculation model. And finally, outputting the calculated parameters to obtain the arbitrary parameter distribution of the condenser along the flowing direction of the working medium and the dynamic change of the condenser along with the time. The specific contents are as follows:
1. the actual condenser structure parameters and the initial parameters are used as condenser input parameters and comprise:
the structural parameters of the condenser mainly comprise the parameters related to the overall size of the condenser: condenser height, condenser width, condenser length, internal tube bundle size parameters: heat exchange tube diameter, heat exchange tube length, heat exchange tube bundle height, heat exchange tube interval, heat transfer area, heat sink dimensional parameter: hot-trap height, hot-trap volume. Initial condenser parameters include: the steam turbine exhaust pressure, the steam turbine exhaust dryness, the steam turbine exhaust enthalpy, the steam turbine exhaust flow, the cooling water inlet temperature, the cooling water inlet enthalpy and the cooling water flow. The initial parameters are simultaneously used as boundary parameters of a condenser simulation model, and the dynamic parameter calculation of the condenser is realized by changing the boundary parameters of the condenser in the simulation process. The method is used as the input of a parameter distribution modeling simulation method of the nuclear power plant along the flowing direction of the working medium.
2. According to the structure of the condenser, the internal flowing heat exchange process and the actual physical boundary, the condenser simulation model is divided as follows:
according to the actual flowing heat exchange process and the actual boundary inside the condenser of the nuclear power plant, the simulation model of the condenser of the nuclear power plant corresponding to the condenser of the nuclear power plant is divided into areas when the simulation is carried out. Specifically divided into a shell-side steam condensation zone, a tube-side cooling water zone, and a heat well zone. The three areas in the simulation model can correspond to a part of areas in the actual condenser equipment of the nuclear power plant, the flow heat exchange calculation process of each area is different from that of other areas, and the division is also based on the boundaries of the actual physical process and structure, so that the three areas are used as the basis for dividing the three areas. And selecting the required spatial position for parameter calculation according to the calculation requirement. And selecting a plurality of parameter calculation positions in the shell side steam condensation area and the tube side cooling water area respectively according to requirements, and calculating the positions in the hot trap area by taking the hot trap liquid level position as a parameter.
3. Processing according to the average parameter calculation model and the integral processing calculation model along the flowing direction of the working medium, and specifically comprises the following steps:
and taking the steam inlet position as a simulation modeling starting point and the lowest position of the condenser tube row as a simulation modeling end point in the shell side steam condensation zone, wherein the selected arbitrary position is the position of the parameter to be obtained. Under the condition that the boundary parameters of the inlet steam are known, processing is carried out by an average parameter calculation model and an integral processing calculation model, and on a mathematical model, a partial differential equation form of a partial differential equation on a space position is converted into an algebraic form, so that the partial differential equation on the two parameters of the space position and time can be converted into a constant differential equation only on the time, wherein the algebraic form on the space position is included, and expressions on required state parameters including pressure, vapor content and temperature of a working medium on different space positions are obtained and simulated. The shell side steam condensation area can simulate the calculation characteristics of the distribution parameters of the shell side steam condensation area in any number of any parameter positions to be obtained.
And in the pipe side cooling water area, taking the cooling water inlet position as a simulation modeling initial point of the area, taking the cooling water outlet position as a simulation modeling end point of the area, wherein any position is a parameter position to be solved, and processing by using an average parameter calculation model and an integral processing calculation model on the known inlet cooling water boundary parameter. Similarly, for the parameters at any position along the shell side flow direction, in the partial differential equation related to time and space position, the space position parameters related to the working medium flow direction are converted into an algebraic form, and the state parameters at any position of the tube side, including the temperature, pressure and other any parameters of the working medium at the tube side, can be subjected to dynamic process simulation. In contrast to the shell side, the tube side cooling water region is in a subcooled water state, and therefore at least two state parameters, such as pressure and temperature, need to be processed as above to enable simulation of the other parameters. The positions of any parameters to be solved in the cooling water area on the pipe side are in any indefinite number, and the parameters are used for simulating the distribution parameter characteristics of the cooling water area on the pipe side.
And in the hot trap area, the lowest position of the tube rows is taken as the initial simulation modeling point of the area, the condensed water outlet of the condenser is taken as the terminal simulation modeling point of the area, and the liquid level position of the hot trap is the position of a parameter to be solved. The processing process is similar to the two areas, the liquid level of the hot trap area is mainly simulated in the hot trap area, partial differential equations of two parameters related to time and the liquid level are converted into ordinary differential equations of a single parameter related to time, and therefore the liquid level of the hot trap area is simulated.
4. Establishing a parameter distribution simulation calculation model of the condenser along the working medium direction and carrying out simulation calculation, specifically:
the shell side steam condensation area simultaneously comprises shell side steam condensation calculation, non-condensable gas calculation and liquid film heat conduction calculation, and the tube side cooling water area simultaneously comprises tube side single-phase flow heat exchange calculation and metal tube wall heat exchange calculation. The heat transfer flow calculations are performed separately and simultaneously in the two regions according to the selected and designated spatial positions, ensuring the consistency of the simulation calculations in time. According to the region division form and the region calculation relations, three region simulation calculation models are respectively constructed for the nuclear power plant condenser simulation model, and are sequentially called during simulation calculation, wherein a shell side steam condensation region and a tube side cooling water region have a parameter transfer relation, and a shell side steam condensation region and a heat trap region have a parameter transfer relation, so that the simulation calculation models are jointly formed.
5. Outputting the calculated parameters to obtain the parameter distribution of the condenser along the flowing direction of the working medium, specifically:
the constructed condenser parameter distribution simulation model calls the calculation part of each area within a time step, realizes dynamic real-time simulation calculation according to the set calculation and calling sequence, and combines the space position and the time to form output. And obtaining the dynamic parameter change conditions of the temperature, pressure, dryness, enthalpy, flow and the like of the steam condensation zone on the shell side along with the space position and the time according to calculation, the dynamic parameter change conditions of the temperature, pressure, enthalpy, flow and the like of the cooling water zone on the tube side along with the space position and the time, and the dynamic parameter change conditions of the liquid level, the temperature, the pressure, the enthalpy, the flow and the like of the heat trap zone along with the space position and the time.
The parameter distribution simulation modeling method of the condenser of the nuclear power plant along the working medium flowing direction is explained by combining the modeling simulation flow diagram of fig. 1.
According to the actual physical process in the condenser of the nuclear power plant, some required input parameters are needed during simulation calculation, the input parameters mainly comprise structural parameters, initial parameters, boundary parameters and the like, and the parameters are parameters which are necessary to be given in the design stage of the condenser of the nuclear power plant. First, the input parameters of the condenser simulation model are determined, and the input parameter list is shown in table 1. In the case of dynamic simulation, the boundary parameters, i.e. the initial parameters, are changed.
TABLE 1 input form of simulation model of condenser in nuclear power plant
According to the actual flowing heat exchange process and the actual physical boundary in the condenser of the nuclear power plant, the condenser is divided into a shell side steam condensation area, a tube side cooling water area and a heat trap area when simulation is carried out, and a modeling simulation starting point and a modeling simulation end point along the flowing direction of a working medium are determined. In the shell side steam condensation area and the tube side cooling water area, a plurality of required calculation positions are set according to actual simulation requirements, and the heat well area takes the liquid level position of the heat well as a calculation position, as shown in fig. 2. In fig. 2, 1 is a shell-side steam condensation zone, 2 is a condenser shell-side inlet/turbine exhaust, 3 is a shell-side steam condensation zone starting point, 4 is a shell-side arbitrary designated position, 5 is a shell-side steam condensation zone end point, 6 is a tube-side cooling water zone, 7 is a cooling water inlet, 8 is a tube-side cooling water zone starting point, 9 is a tube-side arbitrary designated position, 10 is a tube-side cooling water zone end point, 11 is a cooling water outlet, 12 is a heat well zone, 13 is a heat well liquid level, 14 is a condenser full length, 15 is a condensate outlet, 16 is a shell-side flow direction, and 17 is a tube-side flow direction.
After the area division and the calculation position setting are carried out, the required parameters are processed and simulated according to the average parameter calculation model and the integral processing calculation model, the process parameters are processed by using the average parameter calculation model, the state parameters are processed by using the integral processing calculation model, and the classification is shown in the following table:
TABLE 2 condenser Process parameters and State parameters
The average parameter calculation model is as follows:
for the space average parameter along the flowing direction of the working medium, the following processing forms are adopted from the inlet position of the working medium to the average integration at any appointed position in the region:
in the formula:
to represent enthalpyValue, density, etc. process average parameters, p representing the actual process parameter at the location to be determined, L i The position is the position which is far away from the inlet along the flowing direction of the working medium and is the position of the parameter to be solved, and z is the coordinate of the flowing direction of the working medium; in the subscript, 0 denotes the region inlet position, i denotes the distance L from the inlet i Is used to denote any location within the condenser.
The integration process calculation model is as follows:
for the state parameters at any position along the flowing direction of the working medium, from the inlet position of the working medium to any position in the region, the original partial differential equation is converted from the position 0 (inlet position) to the position i (calculation position), the integral processing is carried out on the space position, and the state parameters are converted into the ordinary differential equation of a certain state parameter only related to the time parameter, wherein the ordinary differential equation comprises an algebraic form related to the space position, and the processing form is as follows:
in the formula: f is state parameters related to pressure, dryness, temperature, liquid level and the like, t is simulation time, delta t is time step, n is time step calculation times, p is 1 ，p 2 And … … are the calculated process parameters.
In the two calculation models, partial differential equations of two parameters related to time and space positions are converted into ordinary differential equations only related to time, wherein the space position parameters related to the flow direction of the working medium are converted into an algebraic form, dynamic process simulation is carried out on any required parameter at any required position, and the output of the parameter changing along with the time is obtained. The parameters of any position in the three areas in the condenser are obtained by the calculation method to obtain a specific parameter expression form.
And simultaneously performing shell-side steam condensation calculation, non-condensable gas calculation and liquid film heat conduction calculation in the shell-side steam condensation zone, and simultaneously performing in-pipe single-phase flow calculation and metal pipe wall heat conduction calculation in the pipe-side cooling water zone. The hot trap area relates to the calculation of vapor-liquid two-phase volume and liquid level. The three divided areas can correspond to the corresponding position areas of the condenser of the actual nuclear power plant, meanwhile, simulation calculation in each area is carried out according to the internal physical process of the condenser of the actual nuclear power plant, and all the calculation is carried out simultaneously and synchronously in a time step. And simulating the shell side steam condensation area and the pipe side cooling water area by combining the input parameters, the average parameter calculation model and the integral processing calculation model. And setting a plurality of positions in the condenser simulation model along the flow direction of the working medium according to the simulation requirements for the shell side steam condensation area and the tube side cooling water area, and simulating the process parameters and the state parameters. And obtaining the parameter distribution condition along the flow direction of the working medium through simulation calculation. Under the condition that the boundary conditions are changed, the parameter calculation of different positions is changed, and therefore the dynamic simulation process of the internal parameters of the condenser along with the time is completed. According to three areas, namely a shell side steam condensation area, a tube side cooling water area and a hot trap area, which are divided according to an actual physical process in the condenser, the average parameter calculation model and the integral processing calculation model are combined, wherein the steam condensation area and the hydrophobic cooling area are subjected to parameter simulation calculation along the flow direction of a working medium, the hot trap area is mainly subjected to vapor-liquid two-phase liquid level simulation calculation, heat transfer flow calculation relations of all the areas are combined and jointly used as a simulation calculation model, parameter transfer relations exist among the calculation of all the areas, and the specific calculation process and the parameter transfer relations are shown in fig. 3.
The constructed simulation calculation model of condenser parameter distribution calls the calculation part of each area within a time step, can perform dynamic real-time simulation calculation according to the set calculation and calling sequence, and combines the spatial position and the time to form output. The parameter output table is shown in table 3 according to the dynamic parameter variation conditions of the parameters and the like required by calculation and acquired along with the spatial position and time.
TABLE 3 output table of simulation model of condenser in nuclear power plant
For the condensers of the nuclear power plants with different forms, different structures and different parameters, the invention can carry out simulation modeling on the condensers with the same flow heat exchange process under the conditions, and meanwhile, the condensers have the same types of input parameters, initial parameters and the like, and the calculation sequence and the parameter transfer relationship are still consistent. The output result calculated by the parameter distribution nuclear power plant condenser simulation model can accurately reflect the parameter distribution condition of a corresponding area in the condenser of an actual nuclear power plant in real time, particularly a steam condensation area and a hydrophobic cooling area, the calculation output result can carry out parameter calculation of any position along the flowing direction of the working medium according to the requirement, and the dynamic operation characteristic and the parameter distribution condition of the condenser of the nuclear power plant can be more appropriately reflected.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the relevant art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, so that all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A nuclear power plant condenser parameter distribution modeling simulation method along a working medium flowing direction is characterized in that:
the method comprises the following steps: determining input parameters aiming at the condenser along the flowing direction of the working medium according to the actual condenser structure parameters and the initial parameters;
step two: according to the actual condenser structure, the internal flow heat exchange process and the actual physical boundary, carrying out region division on a condenser simulation model; respectively processing process parameters and state parameters through an average parameter simulation calculation model and an integral processing calculation model of the condenser of the nuclear power plant along the working medium flowing direction; establishing a parameter distribution simulation calculation model of the condenser along the working medium direction and carrying out simulation calculation;
according to the actual condenser structure, the internal flowing heat exchange process and the actual physical boundary, the area division of the condenser simulation model specifically comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of specifically dividing the method into a shell side steam condensation area, a tube side cooling water area and a hot trap area, wherein the three areas in a simulation model correspond to a part of areas in actual condenser equipment of the nuclear power plant, the flow heat exchange calculation process of each area is different from that of other areas, a plurality of parameter calculation positions are selected in the shell side steam condensation area and the tube side cooling water area respectively according to requirements, and the hot trap liquid level position in the hot trap area is a parameter calculation position;
the method comprises the following steps of respectively processing process parameters and state parameters through an average parameter simulation calculation model and an integral processing calculation model of the condenser of the nuclear power plant along the working medium flowing direction, and specifically comprises the following steps:
in a shell side steam condensation zone, taking a steam inlet position as a simulation modeling starting point and taking the lowest position of a condenser tube row as a simulation modeling end point, wherein any selected position is a parameter position to be obtained; under the condition that boundary parameters of the inlet steam are known, processing is carried out by using an average parameter simulation calculation model and an integral processing calculation model, a partial derivative form of a partial differential equation to a space position is converted into an algebraic form, the partial differential equation related to the space position and two parameters of time is converted into a constant differential equation related to time only, wherein the constant differential equation includes the algebraic form related to the space position, and therefore expressions related to required state parameters including working medium pressure, working medium vapor content and working medium temperature at different space positions are obtained and simulation is carried out; any parameter positions to be obtained in the shell side steam condensation area are in any indefinite number and are used for simulating the calculation characteristics of the distribution parameters of the shell side steam condensation area;
taking the cooling water inlet position as a simulation modeling initial point of the area and the cooling water outlet position as a simulation modeling terminal point of the area in the cooling water area at the pipe side, wherein any position is a parameter position to be solved, and processing the known inlet cooling water boundary parameters by using an average parameter simulation calculation model and an integral processing calculation model; for parameters at any position along the flowing direction of the shell side, converting the space position parameters along the flowing direction of the working medium into an algebraic form in a partial differential equation related to time and space position, and performing dynamic process simulation on state parameters at any position of the tube side, including temperature, pressure and other any parameters of the working medium at the tube side; the pipe side cooling water area is in a supercooled water state, at least two state parameters are processed, and any parameter positions to be solved in the pipe side cooling water area are in any indefinite number and are used for simulating the distribution parameter characteristics of the pipe side cooling water area;
taking the lowest position of the tube rows as the initial simulation modeling point of the region in the hot trap region, taking the condensate outlet of the condenser as the terminal simulation modeling point of the region, and taking the liquid level position of the hot trap as the position of a parameter to be solved; simulating the liquid level of the hot trap area mainly in the hot trap area, and converting partial differential equations of two parameters related to time and the liquid level into ordinary differential equations of a single parameter related to time so as to simulate the liquid level of the hot trap area;
the method comprises the following steps of establishing a parameter distribution simulation calculation model of the condenser along the working medium direction and carrying out simulation calculation, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that shell-side steam condensation calculation, noncondensable gas calculation and liquid film heat conduction calculation are simultaneously contained in a shell-side steam condensation zone, tube-side single-phase flow heat exchange calculation and metal tube wall heat exchange calculation are simultaneously contained in a tube-side cooling water zone, heat transfer flow calculation is respectively and simultaneously carried out in the two zones according to selected and appointed spatial positions, three zone simulation calculation models are respectively constructed for a nuclear power plant condenser simulation model according to and in combination with zone division forms and zone calculation relations, and the three zone simulation calculation models are sequentially called during simulation calculation, wherein the shell-side steam condensation zone and the tube-side cooling water zone have parameter transfer relations, and the shell-side steam condensation zone and a heat trap zone have parameter transfer relations, so that a simulation calculation model is jointly formed;
step three: and outputting the calculation parameters to obtain the arbitrary parameter distribution of the condenser along the flowing direction of the working medium and the dynamic change of the condenser along with the time.
2. The nuclear power plant condenser parameter distribution modeling and simulation method in the working medium flowing direction according to claim 1, wherein condenser structure parameters mainly include:
overall dimension parameters of the condenser: condenser height, condenser width, condenser length, internal tube bundle size parameters: heat exchange tube diameter, heat exchange tube length, heat exchange tube bundle height, heat exchange tube interval, heat transfer area, heat sink dimensional parameter: hot-well height, hot-well volume;
initial condenser parameters included: the steam turbine exhaust pressure, the steam turbine exhaust dryness, the steam turbine exhaust enthalpy, the steam turbine exhaust flow, the cooling water inlet temperature, the cooling water inlet enthalpy and the cooling water flow;
the determination of the input parameters for the condenser in the flow direction of the working medium is as follows: the overall size parameter of the condenser and the initial parameter of the condenser are simultaneously used as boundary parameters of a simulation model of the condenser, and the dynamic parameter calculation of the condenser is realized by changing the boundary parameters of the condenser in the simulation process and is used as the input of parameter distribution modeling simulation of the nuclear power plant along the flow direction of the working medium.
3. The method for modeling and simulating the parameter distribution of the condenser of the nuclear power plant along the flowing direction of the working medium according to claim 1, wherein the step of outputting the calculated parameters and acquiring the arbitrary parameter distribution of the condenser along the flowing direction of the working medium and the dynamic change of the arbitrary parameter distribution along with the time comprises the following steps:
the constructed condenser parameter distribution simulation model calls calculation parts of each region in a time step, dynamic real-time simulation calculation is realized according to the set calculation and calling sequence, output is formed by combining spatial position and time, the dynamic parameter change conditions of temperature, pressure, dryness, enthalpy and flow of a shell side steam condensation region along with the spatial position and time, the dynamic parameter change conditions of temperature, pressure, enthalpy and flow of a tube side cooling water region along with the spatial position and time, and the dynamic parameter change conditions of liquid level, temperature, pressure, enthalpy and flow of a heat trap region along with the spatial position and time are obtained according to calculation.
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