CN110058258A - A kind of atmospheric boundary layer detection method based on mixed type laser radar - Google Patents
A kind of atmospheric boundary layer detection method based on mixed type laser radar Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of atmospheric boundary layer detection methods based on mixed type laser radar.Its basic principle are as follows: utilize a mixed type laser radar, integrate direct probe gas colloidal sol laser radar system and coherent wind laser radar system, the Vertical Profile of aerosol optical characteristics and turbulence intensity is detected simultaneously, it is finally inversed by atmospheric boundary layer height respectively, using the two difference compared with selected threshold value, different types of atmospheric boundary layer is determined.An equipment, which is used only, in this method quantitatively to classify to atmospheric boundary layer, and all types of boundary layers are carried out with quantitative parametric description, facilitate further increasing for the atmospheric models precision such as climate model, Forecast Model For Weather, Air Pollution Diffusion Model.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Atmospheric Survey field more particularly to a kind of atmospheric boundary Layer Detections based on mixed type laser radar
Method.
Background technique
Atmospheric boundary layer is also often referred to as planetary boundary layer, is directly influenced simultaneously by earth's surface activity in earth atmosphere ring layer
The region of response.The activity such as such as frictional resistance, transpiration, evaporation and heat transfer can all influence within the regular hour
To the variation in boundary layer.It is influenced by sunrise sunset Earth Surface Atmosphere turbulent flow activity change, atmospheric boundary layer is broadly divided into three classes: right
Laminar boundary layer, stable concave surface and residual layer.After the sun rises, atmospheric boundary layer surface radiation caused by by sunshine heats shadow
It ringing, convective activity and vertical mixing are strong, and Boundary Layer Height increases, therefore referred to as convective boundary layer, in the area aerosol,
Steam, the various compositions such as trace gas are sufficiently mixed, therefore also referred to as mixed layer.After the sun sets, radiation falloff, near surface
Atmospheric stratification is stablized, and activity weakens, and Boundary Layer Height reduces, referred to as stable concave surface.And on stable concave surface top, day
Fall behind convective boundary layer decay to be formed one layer then be referred to as residual layer.Atmospheric boundary layer is Air Pollution Control, Numerical Weather
It forecasts, city and agricultural weather, the key area in aeronautical meteorology and hydrology field.When high based on atmospheric boundary layer height
Effective classification of the empty resolution detector to atmospheric boundary layer can effectively improve the precision and mode parameter of atmospheric model
Development, has important role in weather forecast, climate model and Air Pollution Control.
However, the inventors found that: traditionally to the classification of atmospheric boundary layer be mainly it is qualitative based on, rare base
In quantitative classification, it is unfavorable for the practical applications such as weather forecast.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of atmospheric boundary layer detection methods based on mixed type laser radar, it is intended to solve
Certainly single device detection provides the boundary layer classification results of high time resolution.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of atmospheric boundary layer detection method based on mixed type laser radar, the mixed type laser radar include: to connect
Continuous laser, beam splitter, acousto-optic modulator, fiber amplifier, circulator, Dual-drum telescope, photoswitch, coupler, balance
Detector, analog acquisition card, computer, filter, detector, Data Acquisition Card；Dual-drum telescope includes transmitter-telescope
And receiving telescope；
The output end of continuous wave laser and the input terminal of beam splitter connect, the first output end and acousto-optic modulator of beam splitter
Input terminal connection, the first input end of the second output terminal of beam splitter and coupler connects, the output end of acousto-optic modulator with
The input terminal of fiber amplifier connects, and the output end of fiber amplifier and the input terminal of circulator connect, the sending and receiving end of circulator
It is connect with transmitter-telescope, the input terminal of the output end of circulator and photoswitch connects, the output end of photoswitch and coupler
The connection of second input terminal, the output end of coupler are connect with detector, and the output end of detector is connect with analog acquisition card, simulation
Capture card is connect with computer；
The output end of receiving telescope is connect with filter, and the output end of filter and the output end of detector connect, and is visited
The output end for surveying device is connect with Data Acquisition Card, and Data Acquisition Card is connect with computer；
The described method includes:
Step 1: being observed using mixed type laser radar, obtain vertical direction aerosol optical characteristics profile and
Vertical wind profiles；
Step 2: according to the aerosol optical characteristics profile inverting atmospheric boundary layer height H of acquisition1；
Step 3: according to the vertical wind profiles inverting atmospheric boundary layer height H of acquisition2；
Step 4: to H1And H2It is compared；
When Δ H is less than preset height threshold, determine near the ground to max (H1,H2) at atmospheric boundary layer be convection current side
Interlayer；Δ H=| H1-H2|；
When Δ H is greater than height threshold, determine distance, delta H be greater than the height threshold moment it is nearest and before that moment
Δ H=0 at the time of, at the time of being again equal to 0 to Δ H between, from it is near the ground be stable concave surface to from H2；Determine H2
To H1Between be residual layer.
Further, it in step 1, is observed using mixed type laser radar, obtains the aerosol optical of vertical direction
Characteristic profile and vertical wind profiles, comprising:
Mixed type laser radar carries out the sufficiently large oblique incidence souding of vertical sounding or the elevation angle, and oblique incidence souding includes fixed visits
It surveys, multi-direction scanning probe and circular cone type scanning probe.
Further, aerosol optical characteristics include aerosol backscattering coefficient, Aerosol Extinction, distance correction
One or more of number of photons, carrier-to-noise ratio.
Further, according to vertical velocity detection result inverting atmospheric boundary layer height H2It include: to be visited according to vertical velocity
It surveys result and calculates turbulence intensity, utilize the threshold value inverting of dramatic decrease of the turbulence intensity near boundary layer either turbulence intensity
Atmospheric boundary layer height H2。
Further, the turbulence intensity includes dissipation turbulent kinetic energy, turbulence intensity and some direction of turbulence intensity
Component etc. can react turbulence intensity with the physical quantity of height change.
Further, turbulent flow, which calculates, needs to be calculated in regular hour window, which can be according to detection most
High time resolution and user demand determine, can flexibly choose in 1 minute to 1 hour.
Turbulent flow, which calculates, to be needed to be calculated in scheduled time window, which is in 1 minute to 1 hour.
Further, threshold value can be chosen according to various regions geographical environment and atmospheric condition according to Various Seasonal.
In conclusion the invention proposes a kind of atmospheric boundary layer detection methods based on mixed type laser radar.This is mixed
Direct detection radar and coherent detection laser radar are integrated in one by mould assembly laser radar, and same set of light source and reception is used only
System can simultaneously detect aerosol and radial wind speed.Using this kind of mixed type laser radar, do not increasing operation dimension
It protects on the basis of complexity, is detected while by statics boundary layer (aerosol) and dynamics boundary layer (turbulent flow), it is fixed
Amount identifies convective boundary layer, stable concave surface and residual layer, to classify to atmospheric boundary layer, for the parameter of atmospheric model
Changing development has great significance.
A kind of atmospheric boundary layer detection method based on mixed type laser radar provided by the invention has following beneficial to effect
Fruit:
(1) be used only a mixed type laser radar can carry out simultaneously high-spatial and temporal resolution statics and dynamics it is big
Gas Boundary Layer Height inverting, eliminates the use of plurality of devices, reduces costs, operation and maintenance of being more convenient for.
(2) the invention enables atmospheric boundary layer classification can be with quantification, and corresponding ring layer top base can quantitative parameter
Change description, facilitates the raising of meteorologic model precision and the development of atmospheric model parametrization.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below Detailed description of the invention will be carried out to the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for the mixed type laser radar that the present invention uses.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the atmospheric boundary layer detection method proposed by the present invention based on mixed type laser radar.
Fig. 3 is the measured data provided in an embodiment of the present invention according to mixed type laser radar and atmospheric boundary layer classification knot
The schematic diagram of fruit.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Ground description.Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on this
The embodiment of invention, every other implementation obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Example, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention discloses a kind of atmospheric boundary layer detection methods based on mixed type laser radar.
As shown in Figure 1, the mixed type laser radar includes: continuous wave laser 1, beam splitter 2, acousto-optic modulator 3, optical fiber
Amplifier 4, circulator 5, Dual-drum telescope 6, photoswitch 7, coupler 8, balanced detector 9, analog acquisition card 10, computer
11, filter 12, detector 13, Data Acquisition Card 14；Dual-drum telescope 6 includes transmitter-telescope and receiving telescope；
The output end of continuous wave laser 1 is connect with the input terminal of beam splitter 2, the first output end and acousto-optic tune of beam splitter 2
The input terminal of device 3 processed connects, and the second output terminal of beam splitter 2 is connect with the first input end of coupler 8, acousto-optic modulator 3
Output end is connect with the input terminal of fiber amplifier 4, and the output end of fiber amplifier 4 is connect with the input terminal of circulator 5, annular
The sending and receiving end of device 5 is connect with transmitter-telescope, and the output end of circulator 5 is connect with the input terminal of photoswitch 7, photoswitch 7 it is defeated
Outlet is connect with the second input terminal of coupler 8, and the output end of coupler 8 is connect with detector 9, the output end of detector 9 with
Analog acquisition card 10 connects, and analog acquisition card 10 is connect with computer 11；
The output end of receiving telescope is connect with filter 12, and the output end of filter 12 and the output end of detector 13 connect
It connects, the output end of detector 13 is connect with Data Acquisition Card 14, and Data Acquisition Card 14 is connect with computer 11.
Direct detection aerosol lidar systems and coherent wind laser radar system share continuous wave laser 1, beam splitting
Device 2, acousto-optic modulator 3, fiber amplifier 4, circulator 5, Dual-drum telescope 6 and computer 14, set of system can be simultaneously
Detect aerosol optical characteristics and vertical speed.
Basic principle of the invention are as follows: direct detection aerosol lidar systems (abbreviation direct detection system) can be effective
Detect statics atmospheric boundary layer, coherent wind laser radar system (coherent detection system) can effective atmospheric sounding turbulent flow,
Two systems are synthesized to a system, and then atmospheric sounding Boundary Layer Height simultaneously by mixed type laser radar, utilize the two
Difference determines the type of atmospheric boundary layer, realizes the quantitative judge to atmospheric boundary layer and detection.Compared with the conventional method, it reduces
The use of additional observation instrument, reduces costs, improves the efficiency of operation and maintenance.
As shown in Fig. 2, the present invention is based on the methods that mixed type laser radar classifies to atmospheric boundary layer, comprising:
Step 1: being observed using mixed type laser radar, obtain vertical direction aerosol optical characteristics profile and
Vertical wind profiles.
Particularly, in the above method, mixed type laser radar refer to be integrated with direct detection aerosol lidar systems and
The laser radar of coherent wind laser radar system can be used for aerosol optical characteristics and atmospheric wind detection simultaneously.
Optionally, observation time resolution ratio is determined according to user demand, and direct detection is 1 second~1 hour.In order to full
Sufficient turbulence detecting ability, Wind measurement were excellent with -30 seconds 1 second.
Optionally, in the above-mentioned methods, vertical sounding is fixed oblique comprising the laser beam at the elevation angle sufficiently large (being greater than 45 degree)
The VAD detection of circular scanning is carried out to observation, the scanning probe of multiple directions and laser beam.After distance is scaled height,
It can be by it according to Vertical Observation equivalent processes.
Particularly, in the above-mentioned methods, the aerosol optical characteristics are counted comprising backscattered photons distance correction, gas
Colloidal sol backscattering coefficient, Aerosol Extinction etc. is all can be obtained by aerosol Direct Laser radar system
The carrier-to-noise ratio that aerosol optical parameter and coherent wind laser radar system obtain.
Preferably, laser radar carries out vertical sounding when observation.
Step 2: according to the aerosol optical characteristics profile inverting atmospheric boundary layer height H of acquisition1。
Optionally, in the above-mentioned methods, the method for inverting atmospheric boundary layer height, comprising: gradient method, Wavelet Transform,
All methods that fitting process etc. is so died down based on aerosol optical characteristics Vertical Profile in boundary layer rostellum.
As shown in the upper figure of Fig. 3.Wherein, the inverting is more uniform in atmospheric boundary layer based on aerosol vertical distribution, and
Then sharply decline near the top of boundary layer, passes through the identification inversion boundary layer height to decline region.Such as most widely used ladder
Degree method is namely based on aerosol extinction and sharply declines on boundary layer top, so that the gradient of aerosol vertical direction is on boundary layer top
Minimum value, to obtain Boundary Layer Height.
Preferably, aerosol optical characteristics Vertical Profile uses distance correction photon counting.
Preferably, Haar wavelet covariance converter technique, the atmospheric boundary layer height that inverting obtains are used in the present embodiment
It is more credible.Haar wavelet method is to utilize Haar wavelet function:
Covariance Transformation is calculated to normalized aerosol optical characteristics Vertical Profile f (z):
In formula, ztAnd zbThe coboundary of computer capacity and lower boundary respectively in the inverting of boundary layer, a are Haar small echo scaling
Coefficient is taken as 150 meters, b is Haar function center in the present embodiment.WfThe corresponding height of (a, b) maximum value, as
The height of atmospheric boundary layer.
Step 3: according to the vertical wind profiles inverting atmospheric boundary layer height H of acquisition2。
Optionally, in the above-mentioned methods, the method for inverting atmospheric boundary layer height, comprising: variance method, turbulence dissipation rate method
Etc. can be by all methods of vertical speed inverting so to be died down based on turbulence intensity in boundary layer rostellum.
As shown in Figure 3.Wherein, which is based on atmospheric turbulance in atmospheric boundary layer, especially convective boundary layer
It is inside relatively strong, and it is weak rapidly near the top of boundary layer, utilize dramatic decrease of the turbulence intensity near boundary layer either turbulent flow
The threshold value of intensity is finally inversed by atmospheric boundary layer height.
Preferably, using variance method inverting atmospheric boundary layer height.Variance method is calculated and is hung down in given time window
Straight variance of the wind speed in each layer height determines atmosphere using given variance threshold values for obtained variance Vertical Profile
Boundary Layer Height, on boundary, within-stratum variance is greater than variance threshold values, and outside boundary layer, variance is less than variance threshold values.In the present embodiment
In, variance threshold values are taken as 0.06m2/s2。
Preferably, time window length used in variance method can be 5 minutes~1 hour, can meet high time resolution simultaneously
With the requirement of high data sampling rate.For the vertical velocity of 20 seconds resolution ratio in the present embodiment, time window length is taken as 5 minutes.
Preferably, due to the more disorder of turbulent flow and noise, so that boundary within-stratum variance is likely less than variance threshold values, boundary layer
Outer variance may also be greater than variance threshold values, therefore threshold determination is used only and is easy to bring large error.In being introduced on this basis
Value criterion can effectively improve inversion accuracy.All height lower than variance threshold values are chosen first, then find out these height
Intermediate value, less than the maximum heights of variance threshold values be atmospheric boundary layer heights of roofs below this median elevation.
Step 4: to H1And H2It is compared；
When Δ H is less than preset height threshold, determine near the ground to max (H1,H2) at atmospheric boundary layer be convection current side
Interlayer；Δ H=| H1-H2|；
It should be noted that near the ground be also atmospheric surface layer, surface layer.Ground layer is the most lower of atmospheric boundary layer
Layer.About tens meters to 100 meters from the ground of its upper bound, the layer directly with ground face contact, are influenced very strong by ground.
When Δ H is greater than height threshold, determine distance, delta H be greater than the height threshold moment it is nearest and before that moment
Δ H=0 at the time of, at the time of being again equal to 0 to Δ H between, from it is near the ground be stable concave surface to from H2；Determine H2
To H1Between be residual layer.
Specifically, by Δ H=| H1-H2| compared with height threshold, determine atmospheric boundary channel type.When Δ H is less than height threshold
When value, max (H1,H2) it is determined as convective boundary layer below, when Δ H is greater than height threshold, from H before1With H2The isolated time
Start, arrives H1And H2When coincideing again, H2It is determined as stable concave surface, H below2More than, H1It is determined as residual layer, such as Fig. 3 below
Shown in the following figure.
Preferably, height threshold can be taken as with H2The function of variation takes 0.3*H in the present embodiment2。
In order to verify method of the invention, case verification result is given.
Fig. 3 is using mixed type laser radar to the result schematic diagram of atmospheric boundary Layer Detection.It can be seen that based on direct
The aerosol detection result of detection system and the Wind measurement result based on coherent detection system can reflect inhomogeneity well
The feature of type atmospheric boundary layer.Corresponding atmospheric boundary layer height is compared, it can be effectively to different type atmospheric boundary
Layer is classified, and quantitative resolution goes out all types of atmospheric boundary layer top and bottoms, realizes the parametric description to atmospheric boundary layer, right
The development of Atmospheric Numerical Model parametrization has important value.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Within the technical scope of the present disclosure, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by anyone skilled in the art,
It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the protection model of claims
Subject to enclosing.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of atmospheric boundary layer detection method based on mixed type laser radar, it is characterised in that:
The mixed type laser radar includes: continuous wave laser (1), beam splitter (2), acousto-optic modulator (3), fiber amplifier
(4), circulator (5), Dual-drum telescope (6), photoswitch (7), coupler (8), balanced detector (9), analog acquisition card
(10), computer (11), filter (12), detector (13), Data Acquisition Card (14)；Dual-drum telescope (6) includes transmitting
Telescope and receiving telescope；
The output end of continuous wave laser (1) is connect with the input terminal of beam splitter (2), the first output end and acousto-optic of beam splitter (2)
The input terminal of modulator (3) connects, and the second output terminal of beam splitter (2) is connect with the first input end of coupler (8), acousto-optic tune
The output end of device (3) processed is connect with the input terminal of fiber amplifier (4), output end and circulator (5) of fiber amplifier (4)
Input terminal connection, the sending and receiving end of circulator (5) connect with transmitter-telescope, and the output end of circulator (5) is defeated with photoswitch (7)
Enter end connection, the output end of photoswitch (7) is connect with the second input terminal of coupler (8), the output end of coupler (8) and detection
Device (9) connection, the output end of detector (9) are connect with analog acquisition card (10), and analog acquisition card (10) and computer (11) are even
It connects；
The output end of receiving telescope is connect with filter (12), the output end of filter (12) and the output end of detector (13)
Connection, the output end of detector (13) are connect with Data Acquisition Card (14), and Data Acquisition Card (14) is connect with computer (11)；
The described method includes:
Step 1: being observed using mixed type laser radar, obtains the aerosol optical characteristics profile of vertical direction and vertical
Wind profile；
Step 2: according to the aerosol optical characteristics profile inverting atmospheric boundary layer height H of acquisition1；
Step 3: according to the vertical wind profiles inverting atmospheric boundary layer height H of acquisition2；
Step 4: to H1And H2It is compared；
When Δ H is less than preset height threshold, determine near the ground to max (H1,H2) at atmospheric boundary layer be convective boundary
Layer；Δ H=| H1-H2|；
When Δ H is greater than height threshold, judgement distance, delta H Δ H nearest and before that moment greater than the height threshold moment
At the time of=0, at the time of being again equal to 0 to Δ H between, from it is near the ground be stable concave surface to from H2；Determine H2To H1It
Between be residual layer.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein be observed in step 1 using mixed type laser radar,
Obtain the aerosol optical characteristics profile and vertical wind profiles of vertical direction, comprising:
Mixed type laser radar carries out the sufficiently large oblique incidence souding of vertical sounding or the elevation angle, oblique incidence souding include fixed detection,
Multi-direction scanning probe and circular cone type scanning probe.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein aerosol optical characteristics include aerosol back scattering system
One or more of number, Aerosol Extinction, distance correction number of photons, carrier-to-noise ratio.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein high according to vertical velocity detection result inverting atmospheric boundary layer
Spend H2Include: that turbulence intensity is calculated according to vertical velocity detection result, utilizes dramatic decrease of the turbulence intensity near boundary layer
The either threshold value inverting atmospheric boundary layer height H of turbulence intensity2。
5. the method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the turbulence intensity includes dissipation turbulent kinetic energy, turbulence intensity
And the component in some direction of turbulence intensity etc. can react turbulence intensity with the physical quantity of height change.
6. the method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that turbulent flow calculate need calculated in regular hour window, this when
Between window can be determined according to the highest temporal resolution of detection and user demand, can flexibly be chosen in 1 minute to 1 hour.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein threshold value can according to various regions geographical environment and atmospheric condition,
It is chosen according to Various Seasonal.
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| CN115184954A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-10-14 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Radar system and method for detecting atmospheric coherence length and turbulence profile |
| CN115390093A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-11-25 | 北京环拓科技有限公司 | Method for detecting atmospheric boundary layer by using ozone radar |
| CN116381719A (en) * | 2023-01-13 | 2023-07-04 | 中国科学技术大学 | Laser radar-based polluted area enhanced identification method |
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