CN110057905A - A kind of titanium alloy welding surface defect standard specimen test block and visible detection method - Google Patents
A kind of titanium alloy welding surface defect standard specimen test block and visible detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110057905A CN110057905A CN201910333967.4A CN201910333967A CN110057905A CN 110057905 A CN110057905 A CN 110057905A CN 201910333967 A CN201910333967 A CN 201910333967A CN 110057905 A CN110057905 A CN 110057905A
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013100 final test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012216 imaging agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/90—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents
- G01N27/904—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents with two or more sensors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/90—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents
- G01N27/9073—Recording measured data
- G01N27/908—Recording measured data synchronously with scanning
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Abstract
A kind of titanium alloy welding surface defect standard specimen test block and visible detection method, array eddy-current technique based on multiple row coil detects titanium alloy welding surface defect, design standard specimen test block, it is proposed sensitivity setting method, weld dimensions electromagnetic signal is acquired using concertina type Array eddy-current probe, and combined digital signal Processing Algorithm reduces noise jamming, realize imaging display testing result, detection process no consumption articles, it is free from environmental pollution, solve the key technical problem in titanium alloy welding surface defect green Visual retrieval.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to detection method, a kind of titanium alloy welding surface defect standard specimen test block and visualization inspection are particularly related to
Survey method.
Background technique
Titanium alloy often includes TIG weldering, MIG weldering, plasma welding etc. with welding method, selects improper or gas in welding parameter
There may be surface defect when protecting insufficient, Common surface defect includes crackle, pit etc., to guarantee welding quality, it is necessary to
Increase surface defects detection process.Common face of weld defect lossless detection method has visual method, magnetic particle method and osmosis, mesh
Inspection is surveyed relies on testing staff's experience and visual capacity completely, is difficult to find fine cracks, usually not as formal detection side
Method, Magnetic testing high sensitivity, or even can detect to bury type near surface flaw, but be only applicable to ferrimagnet, and titanium closes
Metal is in nonferromugnetic material, therefore the most common detection method of titanium alloy welding surface defect is osmosis at present.Liquid penetrant testing
It is detected using consumptive materials such as bleeding agent, cleaning agent, imaging agents, it is necessary to by infiltration, cleaning, drying and several steps are imaged,
Final testing staff images situation evaluation result by observation face of weld, and the entire detection process period is very long, the consumptive material of use
With pollution, it is unable to direct emission, testing result can not carry out digitlization storage, and it is poor to chase after plasticity, be difficult to meet accurate
The detection demand of clean part, typical products in mass production.
Titanium alloy is conductive material, is suitable for electromagnetic eddy and detects, conventional vortex detection method is visited using single line circle dot mode
Head is detected, and according to impedance variations situation assessment, not only detection efficiency is very low, and the identification of defect is difficult, is held
It is easy to miss inspection, can not be applied on a large scale.Array eddy-current technique has multichannel driving function based on array coil,
Single detection covering surface reaches tens of milliseconds, and large-scale covering can be realized in a scanning.But Titanium Alloy Welds are being implemented to examine
There are technological difficulties such as reinforcement interference, noise jamming, sensitivity calibration and result evaluation difficulties when survey, has not yet to see and be directed to
Property experimental study, in document and patent search, have no forefathers have based on array eddy-current technique carry out titanium alloy welding surface
The correlative study of defect Visual retrieval is reported.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of titanium alloy welding surface defect standard specimen test block and visualization inspection
Survey method, the array eddy-current technique based on multiple row coil detect titanium alloy welding surface defect, design standard specimen test block, mention
Sensitivity setting method out acquires weld dimensions electromagnetic signal using concertina type Array eddy-current probe, and combines number
Signal processing algorithm reduces noise jamming, realizes imaging display testing result, and detection process no consumption articles are free from environmental pollution,
Solves the key technical problem in titanium alloy welding surface defect green Visual retrieval.
To realize the above-mentioned technical purpose, used technical solution is: a kind of titanium alloy welding surface defect standard specimen test block,
Standard specimen test block is made of base material I and base material II, and the weld seam of both connections, the material of base material I are equipped between base material I and base material II
Matter, the material of base material II are identical as the material of weld seam, and the material of standard specimen test block is identical as weld seam to be checked, along the longitudinal direction of standard specimen test block
Direction is equipped with three groups of different artificial defects on the surface of base material I, base material II and weld seam, and every group of artificial defect includes at least three
The defect of a dimensional defects, each size includes laterally and longitudinally both direction, is separately positioned on heat affected area, the mother of base material I
On the heat affected area and weld seam of material II.
Artificial defect includes circular hole, lateral bar defect and vertical bar defect.
The length of standard specimen test block is not less than 250mm, and width should be not less than 100mm, standard specimen test block thickness and detected weld phase
Together.
Titanium alloy welding surface defect visible detection method is carried out using standard specimen test block, makes standard specimen test block, setting inspection
Sensitivity is surveyed, detected weld and heat affected area electromagnetic signal are acquired using telescopic Array eddy-current probe, then pass through signal processing
Algorithm eliminates noise, shows testing result in conjunction with imaging algorithm and evaluates, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: production standard specimen test block: making standard specimen test block described in claim 1；
Step 2: setting detection sensitivity: the weld dimensions of telescopic Array eddy-current probe scanning standard specimen test block are used,
Uniform scanning covers three groups of artificial defects, and excitation parameters are arranged repeatedly, adjusts gain, until target size in three groups of artificial defects
Defect can clearly show that sensitivity reaches testing requirements at this time；
Step 3: scanning, data acquisition are shown with imaging: keeping the technological parameter being finally arranged constant, hand drive is telescopic
Array eddy-current probe acquires along bead direction uniform scanning is detected and the array eddy current signal saved carries out denoising, and
To the array data two-dimensional imaging after de-noising, imaging shows the result of detection；
Step 4: result evaluation: the testing result of imaging display is evaluated, abnormal show position is marked, abnormal show
It is as unqualified when amplitude and length are not less than target size defect, and unqualified defect is recorded, complete detection.
Driving voltage is 5-8V, driving frequency 100-500 kHz.
Uniform scanning speed is not more than 100mm/s.
Denoising uses wavelet analysis method, carries out 3 layers of decomposition to signal using sym4 small echo, reconstructs after soft threshold values noise reduction
Signal.
The medicine have the advantages that 1, solve titanium alloy Liquid penetrant testing pollution problem, be based on titanium alloy conductive characteristic, adopt
Greenization detection is realized with array eddy-current technique；2, on the basis of sensitivity is set, data directly are acquired along weld seam scanning,
Display testing result is imaged by signal processing, improves detection efficiency；3, compared with the methods of visual, infiltration, number is realized
Wordization detection, detection data can secondary analysis, as a result can keep for a long time, be conducive to the retrospect of welding quality；4, this method detects
High sensitivity, the defects of being able to detect face crack, arc crater, without carrying out extra process to weld seam before detection.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of standard specimen test block；
Fig. 2 is telescopic Array eddy-current probe schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is titanium alloy welding surface defect C-scan image；
In figure: 1, weld seam；2, base material I；3, first group of artificial defect；4, second group of artificial defect；5, third group artificial defect；6,
Stretching structure；7, protective shell, 8, cable, 9, base material II.
Specific embodiment
A kind of titanium alloy welding surface defect standard specimen test block, standard specimen test block are made of base material I 2 and base material II 9, base material I
The weld seam 1 of both connections, material, the material of base material II 9 and the material of weld seam of base material I 2 are equipped between 2 and base material II 9
Matter is identical, and identical as weld seam to be checked, along the longitudinal direction of standard specimen test block, is equipped on the surface of base material I, base material II and weld seam 1
Three groups of different artificial defects, every group of artificial defect include at least three dimensional defects, the defect of each size include laterally with
Longitudinal both direction is separately positioned on the heat affected area of base material I, on the heat affected area and weld seam of base material II.
Standard specimen test block preferably uses the examination with detected weld same specification (welding method, material, weld reinforcement, weld width etc.)
Sample production, test block middle part are weld seam 1, make 3 groups on standard specimen test block weld seam 1 and base material I 2, II 9 heat affected area of base material and manually lack
It falls into, including one group of circular flaw and two groups of bar defects.First group of artificial defect 3 is circular hole, diameter be respectively 1mm, 2mm,
4mm is located at weld seam and heat affected area；Second group of artificial defect 4 is lateral bar defect, and length is respectively 1mm, 2mm, 4mm, position
In weld seam and heat affected area；Third group artificial defect 5 is longitudinal defect, and length is respectively 1mm, 2mm, 4mm, is located at weld seam and heat
The zone of influence；Each group depth of defect is 1mm, and horizontal space is not less than 50mm between defect group, organizes interior defect level spacing and is not less than
10mm, standard specimen test block are as shown in Figure 1；
The length of standard specimen test block is not less than 250mm, and width should be not less than 100mm, and standard specimen test block thickness is identical as detected weld.
Titanium alloy welding surface defect visible detection method is carried out using standard specimen test block, makes standard specimen test block, setting inspection
Sensitivity is surveyed, detected weld and heat affected area electromagnetic signal are acquired using telescopic Array eddy-current probe, then pass through signal processing
Algorithm eliminates noise, shows testing result in conjunction with imaging algorithm and evaluates, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: production standard specimen test block: making standard specimen test block described in claim 1；
Step 2: setting detection sensitivity: the weld dimensions of telescopic Array eddy-current probe scanning standard specimen test block are used,
Scanning covers three groups of artificial defects, and excitation parameters are arranged repeatedly, adjusts gain, until target size defect in three groups of artificial defects
It can clearly show, sensitivity reaches testing requirements at this time；Such as, it is desirable to the defect that defect is more than or equal to 2mm is detected, is only being adjusted
When section, the defect (target size defect) in the standard specimen test block of 2mm and 2mm or more is only needed clearly to show.Using flexible
The weld dimensions of formula Array eddy-current probe scanning standard specimen test block, telescopic Array eddy-current probe structure is as shown in Fig. 2, main
It to be made of stretching structure 6, protective shell 7 and cable 8, height telescopic extensions are 1-3mm.
Step 3: scanning, data acquisition are shown with imaging: keeping the technological parameter being finally arranged constant, hand drive is stretched
Contracting formula Array eddy-current probe is along detected bead direction uniform scanning, the array eddy current signal for acquiring and saving, then to detection
Signal carries out denoising, and to the array data two-dimensional imaging after de-noising, imaging shows the result of detection: C can be used
Scanning imagery, sectional scanning and acquisition when fusion length is larger.
Step 4: result evaluation: the testing result of imaging display is evaluated, abnormal show position is marked, it is abnormal aobvious
It is as unqualified when the amplitude and length shown are not less than target size defect, and unqualified defect is recorded, complete detection.
Driving voltage is 5-8V, driving frequency 100-500 kHz.
Uniform scanning speed is not more than 100mm/s.
Denoising uses wavelet analysis method, carries out 3 layers of decomposition to signal using sym4 small echo, reconstructs after soft threshold values noise reduction
Signal.
Compared with prior art, the present invention detection process is environmentally protective, digitlization and visualization, detection sensitivity are realized
Height is capable of detecting when face of weld size length × depth >=1mm × 1mm bar defect and diameter × depth >=1mm × 1mm circle
Defect, and shown with C-scan imaging modality as a result, detection data can long-term preservation.
Embodiment 1
Following embodiment will be further described the present invention, but not thereby limiting the invention.
Titanium alloy welding surface defect visible detection method, packet are carried out using standard specimen test block in conjunction with described in attached drawing 1,2
Include following steps:
One, standard specimen test block is made:
Selection and the titanium alloy welding test specimen of detected weld same size make standard specimen test block, test block length 400mm, width
300mm, thickness 6mm, butt weld use manual TIG weld, machined 3 groups of artificial defects by Fig. 1 signal.In circular hole defect group
Defects with diameters be respectively 1mm, 2mm, 4mm, the defect length of bar defect group is respectively 1mm, 2mm, 4mm, and each defect is deep
Degree is 1mm, defect group horizontal space 50mm, organizes interior defect level spacing 10mm；
Two, detection sensitivity is set:
Using telescopic Array eddy-current probe (cover width 40mm) scanning standard specimen test block weld dimensions, excitation electricity is adjusted
Pressure, frequency and gain show that 3 groups of artificial defects can clearly, the driving voltage being finally arranged is 8V, frequency 300kHz,
Gain is 42dB；
Three, scanning and data acquire:
After sensitivity is provided with, device parameter is kept, scanning examined product weld seam, remain a constant speed (speed≤100mm/s), adopts
Collect and be detected regional signal, data are saved after the completion of scanning；
Four, signal processing and imaging are shown:
3 layers of decomposition, reconstruction signal after soft threshold values noise reduction, imaging display battle array are carried out using each channel signal of the sym4 small echo to preservation
The C-scan of column signal, as testing result is shown.
Five, result evaluation:
Testing result is evaluated, the abnormal show in C-scan image is observed, abnormal show amplitude and length are greater than 1mm in standard specimen and lack
It is as unqualified when falling into corresponding amplitude and length display, and unqualified defect is recorded, complete detection.
The Titanium Alloy Welds in product are detected according to above-mentioned steps, are capable of detecting when that face of weld depth is not less than
The crackle and pit class defect of 1mm, length or diameter not less than 1mm show testing result with C-scan imaging mode, and Fig. 3 is weldering
Surface defect C-scan is connect as a result, detection process is environmentally protective, the denumerable wordization of detection number stores.
Each detection parameters used in the present embodiment are only effective to the present embodiment, have no effect on other realities of the invention
Apply mode.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of titanium alloy welding surface defect standard specimen test block, it is characterised in that: standard specimen test block is made of base material I and base material II,
The weld seam of both connections, material, the material of base material II and the material of weld seam of base material I are equipped between base material I and base material II
Identical, the material of standard specimen test block is identical as weld seam to be checked, along the longitudinal direction of standard specimen test block, in base material I, base material II and weld seam
Surface is equipped with three groups of different artificial defects, and every group of artificial defect includes at least three dimensional defects, the defect packet of each size
Laterally and longitudinally both direction is included, is separately positioned on the heat affected area of base material I, on the heat affected area and weld seam of base material II.
2. a kind of titanium alloy welding surface defect standard specimen test block as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: artificial defect includes
Circular hole, lateral bar defect and longitudinal bar defect.
3. a kind of titanium alloy welding surface defect standard specimen test block as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the length of standard specimen test block
Degree is not less than 250mm, and width should be not less than 100mm, and standard specimen test block thickness is identical as detected weld.
4. as described in claim 1 carry out titanium alloy welding surface defect visible detection method using standard specimen test block, special
Sign is: production standard specimen test block, and detection sensitivity is arranged, and acquires detected weld and heat affecting using telescopic Array eddy-current probe
Area's electromagnetic signal, then noise is eliminated by signal processing algorithm, show testing result in conjunction with imaging algorithm and is evaluated, including is following
Step:
Step 1: production standard specimen test block: making standard specimen test block described in claim 1；
Step 2: setting detection sensitivity: the weld dimensions of telescopic Array eddy-current probe scanning standard specimen test block are used,
Uniform scanning covers three groups of artificial defects, and excitation parameters are arranged repeatedly, adjusts gain, until target size in three groups of artificial defects
Defect can clearly show that sensitivity reaches testing requirements at this time；
Step 3: scanning, data acquisition are shown with imaging: keeping the technological parameter being finally arranged constant, hand drive is telescopic
Array eddy-current probe along be detected bead direction uniform scanning, acquire and save array eddy current signal, then to detection signal into
Row denoising, and to the array data two-dimensional imaging after de-noising, imaging shows the result of detection；
Step 4: result evaluation: the testing result of imaging display is evaluated, abnormal show position is marked, abnormal show
It is as unqualified when amplitude and length are not less than target size defect, and unqualified defect is recorded, complete detection.
5. the method as claimed in claim 4 for carrying out titanium alloy welding surface defect Visual retrieval using standard specimen test block,
It is characterized in that: driving voltage 5-8V, driving frequency 100-500 kHz.
6. the method as claimed in claim 4 for carrying out titanium alloy welding surface defect Visual retrieval using standard specimen test block,
Be characterized in that: the uniform scanning, speed are not more than 100mm/s.
7. the method as described in claim 1 for carrying out titanium alloy welding surface defect Visual retrieval using standard specimen test block,
Be characterized in that: denoising uses wavelet analysis method, carries out 3 layers of decomposition, weight after soft threshold values noise reduction to signal using sym4 small echo
Structure signal.
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| CN112051325A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2020-12-08 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Test block for eddy current testing of coated welding joint array |
| CN112051327A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2020-12-08 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Method for identifying cracks of welded joint under tungsten carbide coating based on array eddy current |
| CN113607811A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-05 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | Phased array ultrasonic detection test block and detection method for copper-aluminum transition wire clamp in butt joint through flash welding |
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| CN112051325A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2020-12-08 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Test block for eddy current testing of coated welding joint array |
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