CN110057773A - A kind of infrared gas sensor system and the temperature-compensation method based on AACA-Elman algorithm - Google Patents
A kind of infrared gas sensor system and the temperature-compensation method based on AACA-Elman algorithm Download PDFInfo
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- CN110057773A CN110057773A CN201910366243.XA CN201910366243A CN110057773A CN 110057773 A CN110057773 A CN 110057773A CN 201910366243 A CN201910366243 A CN 201910366243A CN 110057773 A CN110057773 A CN 110057773A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003016 pheromone Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013528 artificial neural network Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005616 pyroelectricity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001745 non-dispersive infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/255—Details, e.g. use of specially adapted sources, lighting or optical systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3504—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing gases, e.g. multi-gas analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06N3/00—Computing arrangements based on biological models
- G06N3/02—Neural networks
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of infrared gas sensor systems, it is characterised in that: including infrared sensor unit, microprocessing systems and concentration display unit, the microprocessing systems are connected with infrared sensor unit with concentration display unit respectively；The extraneous factors such as light source shake, opeic mirror pollution can be eliminated to a certain extent using the present invention influences measurement accuracy bring.The present invention carries out temperature-compensating using AACA-Elman algorithm, compensates for existing empirical equation penalty method, the multinomial disadvantage of circuit compensation method, keeps compensation process easier, accurate, has the features such as precision is high, at low cost, and structure is small compared with prior art.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of infrared sensors, and in particular to a kind of infrared gas sensor and is calculated based on AACA-Elman
The temperature-compensation method of method.
Background technique
In recent years, because of the Frequent Accidents that gas leakage causes, huge economic loss and casualties are caused to country,
Therefore gas sensor is by more and more extensive attention.Currently, the sensor type of domestic external pelivimetry gas mainly has: catalysis
Combustion type gas sensor, electrochemical gas sensor, semiconductor-type gas sensor etc..With above-mentioned all types of gas sensings
Device is compared, and the gas sensor based on non-spectral principle (NDIR) has that selectivity is good, measurement range is wide, high sensitivity, reliable
Property it is good, detection it is quick many advantages, such as.
According to Lambert-Beer (Lambert-Beer) law, when infrared light is by specific under test gas, these gas to be measured
Body has absorption to the infrared light of specific wavelength, pass through comparison absorb front and back infrared light intensity, so that it may be finally inversed by
Survey gas concentration.NDIR gas sensor configuration type mainly has: single beam Single wavelength, single beam dual wavelength, dual-beam unicast
Length, dual-beam dual wavelength etc., wherein single beam dual wavelength structure is most widely used.Non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) gas passes
Infrared light is divided into two-way information by means of optical filter by sensor, is used as Measurement channel all the way, another way is as reference channel.It is logical
The collection analysis for crossing two paths of signals can be obtained the concentration information of gas.
Currently, in order to reduce influence of the temperature change to sensor accuracy class in environment, the method mainly used is public
Formula modelling and hardware circuit penalty method.The former is that the method that usage factor is demarcated after data acquisition compensates, and is calculated
Process is many and diverse, ineffective.The latter makes to detect the holding dynamic equilibrium of environment temperature temperature using hardware circuit module, greatly increases electricity
Road burden, is unfavorable for sensor miniaturization.Both methods all has significant limitation in actual measurement.
On the other hand, infrared gas sensor generally uses direct-injection type to sample gas chamber at this stage, therefore in actual measurement
In the process, it is easy to cause loss of the infrared light in communication process, influence the sensitivity and precision of sensor.
Summary of the invention
The present invention to be solved to be that technical problem is to provide a kind of infrared gas sensor and is based on AACA-Elman algorithm
Temperature-compensation method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: providing a kind of infrared gas sensor system, wound
New point is: including infrared sensor unit, microprocessing systems and concentration display unit, the microprocessing systems respectively with it is infrared
Sensor unit is connected with concentration display unit.
Infrared sensor unit includes that sampling gas chamber, electrical modulation infrared light supply, reflector, the pyroelectricity of infrared sensor are visited
Device, reflective mirror and temperature sensor are surveyed, the sampling gas chamber upper end is equipped with air inlet, and lower end is provided with gas outlet, the sampling
Plenum interior one side wall is equipped with reflector, top and bottom are symmetrically installed with reflective mirror, and the reflector and reflective mirror are logical
Cross that stitch is fixed to be interspersed on sampling gas chamber, it is infrared that the sampling plenum interior close to the position of reflector is vacantly equipped with electrical modulation
Light source is connected between the electrical modulation infrared light supply and reflector by medium, right on another side wall of the sampling plenum interior
It answers reflector that pyroelectric detector is installed, is additionally provided with temperature sensor, the temperature sensing on the side wall of the sampling gas chamber
Device is connected with microprocessing systems with pyroelectric detector.
Further, hydrophobic dustproof membrane is provided at the air inlet.
Further, the sampling gas chamber inner wall makees the gold-plated processing of brass.
Further, AACA-Elman algorithm is embedded with inside the microprocessing systems.
Further, the temperature sensor and pyroelectric detector pass through pin and are pierced by sampling gas chamber and micro process system
System connection, the pin are pierced by position and the sampling air chamber sealing of sampling gas chamber.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides a kind of temperature-compensation method based on AACA-Elman algorithm,
Its innovative point is: comprising the following specific steps
(1) parameters for arriving a certain reception of microprocessing systems, i.e. Measurement channel output voltage values U0, reference it is logical
Road output voltage values U1With the output voltage values U of temperature sensor2Data normalization processing is carried out with Premnmx function, as
The input sample of Elman network；
(2) with the model of newelm function building Elman neural network；
(3) parameters are initialized, cycle-index N is enabledc=0, time t=0 enable each element information in each set
Measure Γj(IR) it is a non-zero constant, maximum cycle N is setmax, whole ants are placed in ant nest；
(4) all ants start searching route, for set IRWith ant k (k=1,2,3...) select probability；
(5) (4) step is repeated, until ant all arrives at food source；
(6) optimum at this time is found out, the m ant is assigned it to；
(7) judging for optimum to be assigned to the optimum solution that the m ant obtains, whether to be equal to N number of circulation pervious optimal
Solution updates pheromones volatilization factor ρ, and wave according to obtained pheromones if optimum solution is equal to N number of pervious optimal solution of circulation
It sends out the factor and updates pheromones；
(8) cycle-index N is enabledc=Nc+ 1, if ant swarm converges to a paths or cycle-index Nc≥Nmax, then recycle
Terminate, and exports calculated result；Otherwise go to step (4)；
(9) according to the resulting parameter of above step, and parameter is brought to the AACA-Elman algorithm determined in microprocessor
Algorithm model；
(10) during actual infrared-gas measurement of concetration, data normalization processing will be carried out by microprocessing systems
The currently practical output voltage values U of Measurement channel0, reference channel output voltage values U1With the currently practical output of temperature sensor
Voltage value U2, it is sent into the input layer of fixed AACA-Elman algorithm model, after the processing of AACA-Elman algorithm,
Output layer obtains the data of the gas concentration after temperature-compensating；
(11) microprocessing systems carry out anti-normalization processing to the data of compensated gas concentration, and it is single to reach concentration display
First display density information.
Further, in the step (4) select probability calculation formula are as follows:
Further, the optimum in the step (6) is the optimal power threshold value of Elman neural network.
Further, the calculation formula of pheromones volatilization factor ρ is updated in the step (7) are as follows:
Update the calculation formula of pheromones are as follows:
τij(t+1)=(1- ρ) τij+Δτij
The present invention compared to the prior art, the beneficial effects are as follows:
(1) present invention improves sensor sample gas chamber.By adding reflective mirror in upper surface, reduce light
Loss, improve transducer sensitivity and measurement accuracy.Air inlet is provided with hydrophobic dustproof membrane, avoids small water droplet and dust
Measurement accuracy can be improved in the normal work that sensor is influenced into gas chamber, extends sensor life-time.By to sampling gas chamber inner wall
Make the gold-plated processing of brass and guarantees smooth enough.
(2) air inlet of gas chamber is sampled in the present invention and gas outlet is respectively arranged at gas chamber upper and lower side, can avoid gas to be measured
After entering sampling gas chamber local accumulation occurs for body, guarantees being sufficiently mixed for gas, keeps the real-time measurement concentration of gas more smart
Really.
(3) sensor uses the design of single light source double light path in the present invention, which can eliminate to a certain extent
The extraneous factors such as light source shake, opeic mirror pollution influence measurement accuracy bring.
(4) present invention carries out temperature-compensating using AACA-Elman algorithm, compensates for existing empirical equation penalty method, electricity
The multinomial disadvantage of road penalty method keeps compensation process easier, accurate, has precision high, at low cost compared with prior art, ties
The features such as structure is small.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to needed in the embodiment in order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention
Attached drawing is simply introduced, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some embodiments recorded in the present invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of system construction drawing of infrared gas sensor system of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the concrete structure schematic diagram of the infrared sensor unit in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is Elman algorithm model figure of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described by specific embodiment below.
A kind of infrared gas sensor system of the invention, specific system structure is as shown in Figure 1, include infrared sensor
Unit, microprocessing systems and concentration display unit, the microprocessing systems are single with infrared sensor unit and concentration display respectively
Member connection, the microprocessing systems inside are embedded with AACA-Elman algorithm.
Infrared sensor of the invention takes the structure of single light source double light path, and the tool of infrared sensor unit of the invention
Body structure is as shown in Fig. 2, include the sampling gas chamber 1, electrical modulation infrared light supply 2, reflector 3, pyroelectricity detection of infrared sensor
Device 4, reflective mirror 5 and temperature sensor 6, sampling 1 upper end of gas chamber are equipped with air inlet 7, and lower end is provided with gas outlet 8, at air inlet 7
It is provided with hydrophobic dustproof membrane 9, prevents the entrance of steam and dust.Sampling 1 interior side wall of gas chamber is equipped with reflector 3, top
Be symmetrically mounted at the bottom of reflective mirror 5, reflector 3 and reflective mirror 5 are interspersed on sampling gas chamber 1 by the way that stitch 10 is fixed,
In actual measurement process, light can not be projected fully according to parallel track, and the setting of reflective mirror 5 can reduce the damage of infrared light
It loses, so that the infrared light supply not projected according to parallel track remains to be connect by pyroelectric detector 4 after the reflection of reflective mirror 5
It receives.Sampling gas chamber 1 inside is vacantly equipped with electrical modulation infrared light supply 2 close to the position of reflector 3, electrical modulation infrared light supply 2 and anti-
It is connected between light cup 3 by medium 11, reflector 3 can make the parallel injection of infrared light, the 1 another side wall in inside of sampling gas chamber
Upper corresponding reflector 3 is equipped with pyroelectric detector 4.
Temperature sensor 6, temperature sensor 6 and pyroelectric detector are additionally provided on the side wall of sampling gas chamber 1 of the invention
4 connect with microprocessing systems, and temperature sensor 6 and pyroelectric detector 4 are pierced by sampling gas chamber 1 and micro process by pin 14
System connection, pin 14 is pierced by the position of sampling gas chamber 1 and sampling gas chamber 1 seals, and preventing gas from exposing influences sampling gas chamber 1
Internal gas concentration, effect are the parameter for measuring pyroelectric detector 4 and temperature sensor 6, i.e. Measurement channel 12
The output voltage values of output voltage values, 13 output voltage values of reference channel and temperature sensor 6 are transmitted to microprocessing systems progress
Processing, according to the light frequency on the both sides that pyroelectric detector 4 detects, Measurement channel 12 is the reflective of sampled 1 top of gas chamber
The opticpath that mirror 5 reflects, reference channel 14 are the opticpath that the reflective mirror 5 of sampled 1 bottom of gas chamber reflects.
The workflow of a kind of infrared gas sensor system of the invention are as follows: electrical modulation infrared light supply 1 is sent out to reflector 3
Infrared light is penetrated, infrared light a part that reflector 3 receives can be by horizontal reflection to pyroelectric detector 4, and a part can
It is reflected onto the reflective mirror 5 of sampling plenum roof and bottom, then by 5 secondary reflection of reflective mirror to pyroelectric detector 4, pyroelectricity
Detector 4 is according to the infrared light of the Measurement channel 12 and reference channel 13 that receive to microprocessing systems transmission measurement channel 12
With the output voltage of reference channel 13, temperature sensor 6 also transmits the output voltage values of temperature sensor to microprocessing systems, micro-
Processing system is handled each parameter embedded with AACA-Elman algorithm by inside, and measurement obtains sampling plenum interior gas
Concentration, and be transmitted to display unit progress gas concentration and show.
Sampling gas chamber inner wall makees the gold-plated processing of brass to guarantee smooth enough.
The present invention also provides a kind of temperature-compensation method based on AACA-Elman algorithm, schematic diagram is as shown in figure 3, specific
The following steps are included:
(1) parameters for arriving a certain reception of microprocessing systems, i.e. Measurement channel output voltage values U0, reference it is logical
Road output voltage values U1With the output voltage values U of temperature sensor2Data normalization processing is carried out with Premnmx function, as
The input sample of Elman network；
(2) with the model of newelm function building Elman neural network；
(3) parameters are initialized, cycle-index N is enabledc=0, time t=0 enable each element information in each set
Measure Γj(IR) it is a non-zero constant, maximum cycle N is setmax, whole ants are placed in ant nest；
(4) all ants start searching route, for set IRWith ant k (k=1,2,3...) select probability；Wherein select
Select the calculation formula of probability are as follows:
(5) (4) step is repeated, until ant all arrives at food source；
(6) optimum at this time, the i.e. optimal power threshold value of Elman neural network are found out, the m ant is assigned it to；
(7) judging for optimum to be assigned to the optimum solution that the m ant obtains, whether to be equal to N number of circulation pervious optimal
Solution updates pheromones volatilization factor ρ, and wave according to obtained pheromones if optimum solution is equal to N number of pervious optimal solution of circulation
It sends out the factor and updates pheromones；Wherein, the calculation formula of pheromones volatilization factor ρ is updated are as follows:
Update the calculation formula of pheromones are as follows:
τij(t+1)=(1- ρ) τij+Δτij
(8) cycle-index N is enabledc=Nc+ 1, if ant swarm converges to a paths or cycle-index Nc≥Nmax, then recycle
Terminate, and exports calculated result；Otherwise go to step (4)；
(9) according to the resulting parameter of above step, and parameter is brought to the AACA-Elman algorithm determined in microprocessor
Algorithm model；
(10) during actual infrared-gas measurement of concetration, data normalization processing will be carried out by microprocessing systems
The currently practical output voltage values U of Measurement channel0, reference channel output voltage values U1With the currently practical output of temperature sensor
Voltage value U2, it is sent into the input layer of fixed AACA-Elman algorithm model, after the processing of AACA-Elman algorithm,
Output layer obtains the data of the gas concentration after temperature-compensating；
(11) microprocessing systems carry out anti-normalization processing to the data of compensated gas concentration, and it is single to reach concentration display
First display density information.
Embodiment described above is only that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described, not to design of the invention
It is defined with range, without departing from the design concept of the invention, ordinary engineering and technical personnel is to this hair in this field
The all variations and modifications that bright technical solution is made should all fall into protection scope of the present invention, claimed skill of the invention
Art content is all documented in technical requirements book.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of infrared gas sensor system, it is characterised in that: aobvious including infrared sensor unit, microprocessing systems and concentration
Show that unit, the microprocessing systems are connected with infrared sensor unit with concentration display unit respectively；
The infrared sensor unit includes that sampling gas chamber, electrical modulation infrared light supply, reflector, the pyroelectricity of infrared sensor are visited
Device, reflective mirror and temperature sensor are surveyed, the sampling gas chamber upper end is equipped with air inlet, and lower end is provided with gas outlet, the sampling
Plenum interior one side wall is equipped with reflector, top and bottom are symmetrically installed with reflective mirror, and the reflector and reflective mirror are logical
Cross that stitch is fixed to be interspersed on sampling gas chamber, it is infrared that the sampling plenum interior close to the position of reflector is vacantly equipped with electrical modulation
Light source is connected between the electrical modulation infrared light supply and reflector by medium, right on another side wall of the sampling plenum interior
It answers reflector that pyroelectric detector is installed, is additionally provided with temperature sensor on the side wall of the sampling gas chamber；The temperature sensing
Device is connected with microprocessing systems with pyroelectric detector.
2. a kind of infrared gas sensor system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: be provided at the air inlet
Hydrophobic dustproof membrane.
3. a kind of infrared gas sensor system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the sampling gas chamber inner wall is made
The gold-plated processing of brass.
4. a kind of infrared gas sensor system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: inside the microprocessing systems
Embedded with AACA-Elman algorithm.
5. a kind of infrared gas sensor system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the temperature sensor and heat
Release electric explorer pass through pin be pierced by sampling gas chamber connect with microprocessing systems, the pin be pierced by sample gas chamber position and
Sample air chamber sealing.
6. a kind of temperature-compensation method based on AACA-Elman algorithm, it is characterised in that: comprising the following specific steps
(1) parameters for arriving a certain reception of microprocessing systems, i.e. Measurement channel output voltage values U0, reference channel it is defeated
Voltage value U out1With the output voltage values U of temperature sensor2Data normalization processing is carried out with Premnmx function, as Elman
The input sample of network；
(2) with the model of newelm function building Elman neural network；
(3) parameters are initialized, cycle-index N is enabledc=0, time t=0 enable each element information amount Γ in each setj
(IR) it is a non-zero constant, maximum cycle N is setmax, whole ants are placed in ant nest；
(4) all ants start searching route, for set IRWith ant k (k=1,2,3...) select probability；
(5) (4) step is repeated, until ant all arrives at food source；
(6) optimum at this time is found out, the m ant is assigned it to；
(7) judge for optimum to be assigned to whether the optimum solution that the m ant obtains is equal to N number of pervious optimal solution of circulation, if
Optimum solution is equal to the pervious optimal solution of N number of circulation, then updates pheromones volatilization factor ρ, and according to obtained pheromones volatilization because
Son updates pheromones；
(8) cycle-index N is enabledc=Nc+ 1, if ant swarm converges to a paths or cycle-index Nc≥Nmax, then circulation terminates,
And export calculated result；Otherwise go to step (4)；
(9) according to the resulting parameter of above step, and parameter is brought to the calculation for determining the AACA-Elman algorithm in microprocessor
Method model；
(10) during actual infrared-gas measurement of concetration, the survey of data normalization processing will be carried out by microprocessing systems
Measure the currently practical output voltage values U in channel0, reference channel output voltage values U1With the currently practical output voltage of temperature sensor
Value U2, it is sent into the input layer of fixed AACA-Elman algorithm model, after the processing of AACA-Elman algorithm, output layer
The data of gas concentration after obtaining temperature-compensating；
(11) microprocessing systems carry out anti-normalization processing to the data of compensated gas concentration, and it is aobvious to reach concentration display unit
Show concentration information.
7. a kind of temperature-compensation method based on AACA-Elman algorithm according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described
The calculation formula of select probability in step (4) are as follows:
8. a kind of temperature-compensation method based on AACA-Elman algorithm according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described
Optimum in step (6) is the optimal power threshold value of Elman neural network.
9. according to right want 6 described in a kind of temperature-compensation method based on AACA-Elman algorithm, it is characterised in that: the step
Suddenly the calculation formula of pheromones volatilization factor ρ is updated in (7) are as follows:
Update the calculation formula of pheromones are as follows:
τij(t+1)=(1- ρ) τ ij+Δτij
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| CN110568144A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-13 | 长春理工大学 | Temperature compensation method for ammonia nitrogen detection |
| CN111189793A (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-05-22 | 上海工程技术大学 | Trapezoidal air chamber and air pressure compensation method thereof |
| CN112378876A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-02-19 | 深圳市诺安环境安全股份有限公司 | Low-power-consumption miniature infrared gas sensor and implementation method thereof |
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