CN110057284A - It is a kind of measure trees trunk cross-sectional shape device and method and application - Google Patents
It is a kind of measure trees trunk cross-sectional shape device and method and application Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000182264 Lucuma nervosa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/28—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
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- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to forestry test equipment technology more particularly to a kind of device and method for measuring trees trunk cross-sectional shape and applications.It include: that measurement rope, capacitive displacement transducer, RFID reader and RFID coil, capacitive displacement transducer are made of flexible conducting material；RFID reader is mounted on the outer surface of capacitive displacement transducer, and RFID reader is located at the midpoint of measurement rope；There are two RFID coils for setting in RFID reader；Measurement rope is internally provided with several RFID coils, and the RFID coil installs one every equal a distance；Data processing module is provided in RFID reader, to store and calculate the location information of trunk perimeter and measurement rope RFID.The present invention is based on RFID phase difference ranging principles, consider that the practical growth characteristic of stem form, the real not only measurement result of the measurement trunk cross-sectional shape of design are more nearly reality, rate is fast, measurement at low cost and of the invention really is able to meet the accuracy requirement measured under field condition.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to forestry test equipment technologies, more particularly to one kind is quick, precise measurement trees trunk is transversal
The device and method of face shape and application.
Background technique
Information disclosed in background of invention is merely intended to increase the understanding to general background of the present invention, without inevitable quilt
It is considered as and recognizes or imply in any form that information composition has become the prior art well known to persons skilled in the art.
In forestry research, trees trunk basal area is vital measurement index, usually hypothesis trees cross section
It is the circle of standard, trunk basal area is estimated by the measurement diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, however, it is presently believed that due to inside and outside in growth course
Factor, stem form be difficult be standard cylinder, cylindrical hypothesis is difficult really to realize so that excessively high have estimated sectional area
To the precise measurement of trees cross-sectional area.Due to above defect, accurately measures cross-sectional shape and necessitate, current
The measurement of trunk cross-sectional shape is based on laser scanning, and laser scanning can accurately obtain the shape of trunk cross section very much,
But its apparatus measures speed is slower, price also costly, is not suitable for large area and collects trunk cross-sectional shape data.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of device for measuring trees trunk cross-sectional shape and side
Method and application are based on RFID (radio RF recognition technology) phase difference ranging principle, consider the practical growth characteristic of stem form,
The device of the measurement trunk cross-sectional shape of design not only makes measurement result be more nearly reality, and rate is fast, at low cost, Er Qieben
Invention can satisfy the accuracy requirement measured under field condition.
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of device for measuring trees trunk cross-sectional shape.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for measuring trees trunk cross-sectional shape.
The third object of the present invention provides a kind of answering for device and method for measuring trees trunk cross-sectional shape
With.
For achieving the above object, the invention discloses following technical proposals:
Firstly, the present invention disclose it is a kind of measure trees trunk cross-sectional shape device, described device include: measurement rope,
Capacitive displacement transducer, RFID reader and RFID coil, in which:
The capacitive displacement transducer is made of flexible conducting material, and is wrapped in measurement rope outer surface, and capacitive grating displacement passes
Sensor length is consistent with measurement rope length degree.
The RFID reader is mounted on the outer surface of capacitive displacement transducer, and RFID reader is located at measurement rope
One end；The RFID coil of the RFID coil signal inside measurement rope can be received there are two being arranged in the RFID reader.
The measurement rope is internally provided with several RFID coils, and the RFID coil is pacified every equal a distance
Fill one.
It is provided with data processing module in the RFID reader, in order to store and calculate trunk perimeter and measurement rope
The location information of RFID.
The main function of the capacitive displacement transducer is that measurement measurement rope is centered around the annulus that closure is formed on trunk
Perimeter, and then measure the distance between two RFID coils of measurement rope point of intersection two sides, principle are as follows: when measurement rope is centered around tree
After the dry upper annulus for forming closure, the distance between two RFID coils of measurement rope point of intersection two sides will appear two kinds of situations:
The distance between (1) two RFID coil is exactly original the distance between the RFID coil being equidistantly positioned；(2) two
The distance between RFID coil is not equal to original the distance between the RFID coil being equidistantly positioned.In actual use, out
The probability of above-mentioned existing (2) situation is much larger than the probability for (1) situation occur, at this point, if being equidistantly positioned according to original
The distance between RFID coil calculates the distance between two RFID coils of point of intersection two sides, necessarily leads to the perimeter of measurement not
Accurately；And after capacitive displacement transducer is set, in the above-mentioned point of intersection of measurement rope, capacitive displacement transducer is contacted to be formed and is closed back
Then road calculates the perimeter for the close ring that measurement rope is formed according to circuit；Then, others RFID in close ring is subtracted
Total length between coil, the as actual range between two RFID coils of measurement rope point of intersection two sides, since measurement is restricted
The setting of upper RFID coil be it is known be equidistantly positioned, according to the quantity of RFID coil in close ring it can be learnt that closed circle
Total length in ring between others RFID coil.
As further technical solution, the distance between two coils are 2-10cm in the RFID reader；It is preferred that
For 5cm.The main function of two coils is in RFID reader: auxiliary determines the position of the internal each RFID coil of measurement rope,
And then measure the linear distance between the RFID coil inside measurement rope.
As further technical solution, the measurement restricts the distance between upper each adjacent two RFID coil as 1mm-
The installation of 2cm, RFID coil is more intensive, and measurement accuracy can be higher.
Preferably, the measurement restricted the distance between upper each adjacent two RFID coil for 1cm, when selecting the spacing, both
It can guarantee good measurement accuracy, and be able to maintain that lower cost.
As further technical solution, the measurement rope diameter for having wrapped up capacitive displacement transducer is 5-10mm.
As further technical solution, the capacitive displacement transducer may be string configuration, be covered in survey
The outer surface for measuring rope, without measuring rope with complete cladding.
Secondly, the present invention discloses the method using described device measurement trees trunk cross-sectional shape, include the following steps:
(1) measurement rope is centered around trunk detected part, then makees one end for being provided with RFID reader of measurement rope
Starting point is intersected with measurement rope, and the annular space for forming measurement rope is enclosed right around detected part one, the capacitive grating position on measurement rope
Displacement sensor measures the length of close ring, and the survey of point of intersection two sides is determined according to the length that measurement rope forms close ring
The distance between two RFID coils on amount rope；
(2) setting A, B is respectively two RFID coils in RFID reader, and C is a RFID coil inside measurement rope,
Using the line of A, B as x-axis, the axis vertical with x-axis is y-axis, and y-axis passes through the midpoint of A and B line, and the intersection point of x-axis and y-axis is
Origin O, the distance between A, B are it is known that length AC, BC can be obtained by receiving the RFID coil measurement of signal in RFID reader；
(3) as AC >=BC, the position coordinates of C areAs AC < BC, the position of C
Setting coordinate isWhereinS is the area of triangle ABC,P is the 1/2 of triangle ABC perimeter；
(4) coordinate position of another internal RFID coil adjacent with C of measurement rope is measured according to step (1), (2), (3)
For D；
(5) coordinate data of C, D are measured according to step (4), calculates the linear distance d between C, D, it is assumed that measurement rope is internal
Each adjacent two RFID coil between trunk be regular circular arc, the radius R of circular arc is calculated by following formula:Wherein, α is central angle, and the length of rope, i.e., the arc length of above-mentioned regular circular arc are measured between L C, D；If C
With D when measurement rope is not closed as adjacent R FID coil, since adjacent R FID coil is equidistantly positioned on measurement rope, and phase
The distance between adjacent RFID coil P is it is known that i.e. L=P；If C and D are the adjacent R FID coil formed after measurement rope is closed, L
=CBH- (n-1) × P.Wherein CBH is the length (i.e. trees trunk perimeter) of measurement close ring in step (1), and n is described closes
Close the RFID coil number that annulus includes；
(6) according to the method for step (5), the circular arc that upper each adjacent two RFID coil is formed in close ring is calculated
Radius R and central angle alpha, then by these radiuses R and central angle alpha input computer, computer is according to the radius R and circle of circular arc
Heart angle α draws out its corresponding circular arc again, after drawing out whole circular arcs, these circular arcs is merged connection in order, are tested
The shape of the trunk cross section of trees.
Finally, the present invention discloses device and method the answering in field of forestry of the measurement trees trunk cross-sectional shape
With for example, can be used for calculating the growing state etc. of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of trees, assessment fired-wood etc..Fired-wood is burnt due to experience to be influenced,
The growth of trunk cannot be grown as Normal tree, and injured side forms scar and can not grow, the tree that the present invention obtains
Dry cross-sectional shape can be more accurate description fired-wood trunk growing state.In addition, due to the shape of trunk cross section
Device disclosed by the invention measures, and the calculating of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground can be calculated by existing software to be obtained, such as
AutoCAD, ArcGIS etc. belong to the conventional func of these softwares.
Compared with prior art, the present invention achieves following the utility model has the advantages that the present invention is based on RFID (radio frequency identification skills
Art) phase difference ranging principle, consider the practical growth characteristic of stem form, the device of the measurement trunk cross-sectional shape of design is not
Measurement result is only set to be more nearly actual value, rate is fast, and it is at low cost, and also the present invention can satisfy the standard measured under field condition
True property requirement.
Detailed description of the invention
The Figure of description for constituting a part of the invention is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and of the invention shows
Examples and descriptions thereof are used to explain the present invention for meaning property, does not constitute improper limitations of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that the device of trees trunk cross-sectional shape is measured in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the position coordinates of C are calculated in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the radius R of circular arc is calculated in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram for the trees trunk cross-sectional shape simulated in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Attached drawing acceptance of the bid note respectively represents: 1- measures rope, 2- capacitive displacement transducer, 3-RFID reader, 4-RFID are read
RFID coil, 5- measurement rope upper RFID coil, 6- trees in device.
Specific embodiment
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the present invention.Unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with general technical staff of the technical field of the invention
The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to exemplary embodiments of the present invention.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular
Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.
In order to facilitate narration, if there is "upper", "lower", " left side " " right side " printed words in the present invention, only expression and attached drawing itself
Upper and lower, left and right direction it is consistent, not to structure rise restriction effect, it is only for convenient for description the present invention and simplification retouch
It states, rather than the equipment of indication or suggestion meaning or element must have a particular orientation, and be constructed and operated in a specific orientation,
Therefore it is not considered as limiting the invention.
As described in background, due to the internal and external factor in growth course, stem form be difficult be standard cylinder,
Cylindrical hypothesis is difficult really to realize the precise measurement to trees cross-sectional area so that excessively high have estimated sectional area.Therefore,
The present invention proposes a kind of device and method for measuring trees trunk cross-sectional shape；Now in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments to this
Invention is further illustrated.
The capacitive displacement transducer is a kind of using capacitor as the displacement measuring device of sensing element, can will be mechanical
Displacement is converted to the measurement that electric capacitance change is displaced, and the development of this sensor is very mature, prepares of the invention
Commercially available product can be directlyed adopt when measuring device to be installed.
Embodiment 1
A kind of device of rapid survey trees trunk cross-sectional shape, with reference to Fig. 1, comprising: measurement rope 1, capacitive grating displacement pass
Sensor 2, RFID reader 3 and RFID coil, in which:
The capacitive displacement transducer 2 is made of flexible conducting material, and is wrapped in 1 outer surface of measurement rope, capacitive grating displacement
2 length of sensor is consistent with measurement 1 length of rope.The RFID reader 3 is mounted on the outer surface of capacitive displacement transducer 2,
And RFID reader 3 is located at the midpoint of measurement rope 1；There are two can receive measurement rope for setting in the RFID reader 3
The RFID coil 4 of internal RFID coil signal.The measurement rope 1 is internally provided with several RFID coils 5, and the RFID
Coil installs one every equal a distance.It is provided with data processing module in the RFID reader 3, in order to store
With the location information for calculating trunk perimeter and measurement rope RFID.This data processing module can according to need the function of realization to
Software development company is customized, and belongs to conventional technology.Or by having data processing module in RFID reader
The information communication of acquisition is transferred to and carries out the mode such as handling in other equipment.
Embodiment 2
A kind of device of rapid survey trees trunk cross-sectional shape, with embodiment 1, difference is: the RFID is read
The distance between two coils are optional between 2-10cm in device 3, preferably 5cm.
Embodiment 3
A kind of device of rapid survey trees trunk cross-sectional shape, with embodiment 1, difference is: on the measurement rope
The distance between each adjacent two RFID coil is optional between 1mm-2cm, preferably 1cm, and the installation of RFID coil is more intensive, surveys
Accuracy of measurement can be higher.
Embodiment 4
A kind of device of rapid survey trees trunk cross-sectional shape, with embodiment 1, difference is: described to have wrapped up appearance
The measurement rope diameter of displacement transducer is optional between 5-10mm.
Embodiment 5
A kind of device of rapid survey trees trunk cross-sectional shape, with embodiment 1, difference is: the capacitive grating displacement
Sensor may be string configuration, be covered in the outer surface of measurement rope.
Embodiment 6
Using the method for 1 described device of embodiment measurement trees trunk cross-sectional shape, include the following steps:
(1) measurement rope is centered around trunk detected part, then makees one end for being provided with RFID reader of measurement rope
Intersect for starting point and measurement rope, the annular space for forming measurement rope is enclosed right around detected part one, the capacitive grating on measurement rope
The length of displacement sensor close ring, and point of intersection two sides are determined according to the length that measurement rope forms close ring
The distance between two RFID coils on measurement rope；
(2) setting A, B is respectively two RFID coils in RFID reader, and C is a RFID coil inside measurement rope,
Using the line of A, B as x-axis, the axis vertical with x-axis is y-axis, and y-axis passes through the midpoint of A and B line, and the intersection point of x-axis and y-axis is
Origin O, the distance between A, B are it is known that length AC, BC can be obtained by receiving the RFID coil measurement of signal in RFID reader；
(3) as AC >=BC, the position coordinates of C areAs AC < BC, the position of C
Setting coordinate isWhereinS is the area of triangle ABC,P is the 1/2 of triangle ABC perimeter；
(4) coordinate position of another internal RFID coil adjacent with C of measurement rope is measured according to step (1), (2), (3)
For D；
(5) coordinate data of C, D are measured according to step (4), calculates the linear distance d between C, D, it is assumed that measurement rope is internal
Each adjacent two RFID coil between trunk be regular circular arc, the radius R of circular arc is calculated by following formula:Wherein, α is central angle, and the length of rope, i.e., the arc length of above-mentioned regular circular arc are measured between L C, D；If C
With D when measurement rope is not closed as adjacent R FID coil, since adjacent R FID coil is equidistantly positioned on measurement rope, and phase
The distance between adjacent RFID coil P is it is known that i.e. L=P；If C and D are the adjacent R FID coil formed after measurement rope is closed, L
=CBH- (n-1) × P.Wherein CBH is the length (i.e. trees trunk perimeter) of measurement close ring in step (1), and n is described closes
Close the RFID coil number that annulus includes；
(6) according to the method for step (5), the circular arc that upper each adjacent two RFID coil is formed in close ring is calculated
Radius R and central angle alpha, then by these radiuses R and central angle alpha input computer, computer is according to the radius R and circle of circular arc
Heart angle α, it is assumed that the both ends of circular arc are C and D, are O by the dot that the circular arc determines, when drawing circular arc, using C as starting point, draw one
A radius is R, and central angle is the circular arc of α, then draws out its corresponding circular arc and justify these after drawing out whole circular arcs
Arc merges connection in order, and the shape of the trunk cross section of measured tree can be obtained.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for those skilled in the art
For member, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, it is made it is any modification,
Equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of device for measuring trees trunk cross-sectional shape, which is characterized in that described device includes: measurement rope, capacitive grating position
Displacement sensor, RFID reader and RFID coil, in which:
The capacitive displacement transducer is made of flexible conducting material, and is wrapped in measurement rope outer surface, capacitive displacement transducer
Length is consistent with measurement rope length degree；
The RFID reader is mounted on the outer surface of capacitive displacement transducer, and RFID reader is located at the one of measurement rope
End；The RFID coil of the RFID coil signal inside measurement rope can be received there are two being arranged in the RFID reader；
The measurement rope is internally provided with several RFID coils, and the RFID coil is every equal a distance installation one
It is a；
It is provided with data processing module in the RFID reader, to store and calculate the position of trunk perimeter and measurement rope RFID
Information.
2. the device of measurement trees trunk cross-sectional shape as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the RFID reader
In the distance between two coils be 2-10cm.
3. the device of measurement trees trunk cross-sectional shape as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the RFID reader
In the distance between two coils be 5cm.
4. the device of measurement trees trunk cross-sectional shape as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the measurement rope is upper every
The distance between two neighboring RFID coil is 1mm-2cm.
5. the device of measurement trees trunk cross-sectional shape as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the measurement rope is upper every
The distance between two neighboring RFID coil is 1cm.
6. the device of measurement trees trunk cross-sectional shape as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described to have wrapped up capacitive grating
The measurement rope diameter of displacement sensor is 5-10mm.
7. the device of measurement trees trunk cross-sectional shape as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the capacitive grating displacement passes
Sensor is string configuration, is covered in the outer surface of measurement rope.
8. using the method for the described in any item device measurement trees trunk cross-sectional shapes of claim 1-7, including walking as follows
It is rapid:
(1) will measurement rope be centered around trunk detected part, then will measurement rope the one end for being provided with RFID reader as
Point intersects with measurement rope, and the annular space for forming measurement rope is enclosed right around detected part one, the capacitive grating displacement on measurement rope
The length of sensor measurement close ring, and the measurements of point of intersection two sides is determined according to the length that measurement rope forms close ring
The distance between two RFID coils on rope；
(2) setting A, B is respectively two RFID coils in RFID reader, and C is a RFID coil inside measurement rope, with A,
The line of B is x-axis, and the axis vertical with x-axis is y-axis, and y-axis passes through the midpoint of A and B line, and the intersection point of x-axis and y-axis is origin
O, the distance between A, B are it is known that length AC, BC can be obtained by receiving the RFID coil measurement of signal in RFID reader；
(3) as AC >=BC, the position coordinates of C areAs AC < BC, the position coordinates of C
ForWhereinS is the area of triangle ABC,P is the 1/2 of triangle ABC perimeter；
(4) measuring the coordinate position of another internal RFID coil adjacent with C of measurement rope according to step (1), (2), (3) is D；
(5) coordinate data of C, D are measured according to step (4), calculates the linear distance d between C, D, it is assumed that every inside measurement rope
Trunk between two neighboring RFID coil is regular circular arc, and the radius R of circular arc is calculated by following formula:Its
In, α is central angle, and the length of rope, i.e., the arc length of above-mentioned regular circular arc are measured between L C, D；If C and D is in measurement rope patent
As adjacent R FID coil when conjunction, since adjacent R FID coil is equidistantly positioned on measurement rope, and between adjacent R FID coil
Distance P it is known that i.e. L=P；If C and D are to measure the adjacent R FID coil formed after rope closure, L=CBH- (n-1) ×
P；Wherein CBH is the length (i.e. trees trunk perimeter) of measurement close ring in step (1), and the n close ring includes
RFID coil number；
(6) according to the method for step (5), the radius for the circular arc that upper each adjacent two RFID coil is formed in close ring is calculated
R and central angle alpha, then by these radiuses R and central angle alpha input computer, computer is according to the radius R and central angle of circular arc
α draws out its corresponding circular arc again, after drawing out whole circular arcs, these circular arcs is merged connection in order, obtain measured tree
Trunk cross section shape.
9. application of the device of the measurement trees trunk cross-sectional shape as described in claim 1-7 in agriculture and forestry field, excellent
It is selected as the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground for calculating trees, the growing state for assessing fired-wood.
10. application of the method in agriculture and forestry field as described in requiring 8 in right；Preferably calculate the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, the assessment of trees
The growing state of fired-wood.
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