CN110055430A - The extracting method of low-grade zinc oxide - Google Patents
The extracting method of low-grade zinc oxide Download PDFInfo
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- CN110055430A CN110055430A CN201910309683.1A CN201910309683A CN110055430A CN 110055430 A CN110055430 A CN 110055430A CN 201910309683 A CN201910309683 A CN 201910309683A CN 110055430 A CN110055430 A CN 110055430A
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- low
- leachate
- zinc oxide
- grade zinc
- extracting method
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/20—Obtaining zinc otherwise than by distilling
- C22B19/22—Obtaining zinc otherwise than by distilling with leaching with acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/34—Obtaining zinc oxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/26—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of extracting methods of low-grade zinc oxide.The weight percentage of Zn-ef ficiency is 1~13wt% in the low-grade zinc oxide, which includes: that low-grade zinc oxide and sulfuric acid are carried out leaching process, obtains leachate；Leachate is extracted, the extract liquor containing Zn-ef ficiency and the raffinate containing acid are obtained；Wherein, in leaching process step, the dosage of sulfuric acid corresponding to low-grade zinc oxide per ton is 200~300Kg, and liquid-solid ratio is (4~6): 1.Control is carried out by the liquid-solid ratio of concentration and reaction raw materials to sulfuric acid and is able to suppress the leaching of foreign metal in low-grade zinc oxide ore, so as to improve the purity of leachate, and then can be improved by extraction processing the rate of recovery of Zn-ef ficiency.On this basis, it is difficult to be enriched with by ore dressing present application addresses low-grade zinc oxide ore, the problem that cannot directly recycle low using zinc concentration in leachate after directly leaching.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ore smelting fields, in particular to a kind of extracting method of low-grade zinc oxide.
Background technique
With going deep into for exploitation of mineral resources, the processing of oxide ore is increasingly subject to the attention of people.Wherein zinc oxide ore is
Poor value difficult to deal with, ore oxidation is deep, and Alkaline minerals calcium, magnesium, aluminium content are high, and it is high to leach acid consumption.Zinc oxide
Mine processing is usually enriched with pyrometallurgical smelting, typical process flow are as follows: zinc oxide ore is crushed-briquetting-blast furnace mine-
Fuming furnace volatilization-oxide powder and zinc.Since pyrogenic process enrichment process has the disadvantages such as investment is high, pollution is big, the rate of recovery is low, in recent years
Progress is achieved to using wet process processing zinc oxide ore technical study, and has obtained different degrees of answer in industrial practice
With.
The main problem that wet-treating zinc oxide ore faces is to leach acid consumption height, and leaching cost is caused to be substantially increased.Especially
The low-grade zinc oxide ore for being zinc grade lower than 25%, which has, to be difficult to be enriched with by ore dressing, the impurity contents such as iron and silicon
High feature, direct Ore Leaching rear impurity is more, and zinc concentration is low cannot directly to carry out electrodeposition.
Summary of the invention
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of extracting methods of low-grade zinc oxide, existing low-grade to solve
Zinc oxide ore, which exists, to be difficult to be enriched with by ore dressing, and directly zinc concentration is low in leachate after leaching and impurity content is high, no
The problem of can be carried out electrodeposition recycling.
To achieve the goals above, a kind of extracting method of low-grade zinc oxide, low-grade oxygen are provided according to the present invention
The weight percentage for changing Zn-ef ficiency in zinc is 1~13wt%, which includes: to carry out low-grade zinc oxide and sulfuric acid
Leaching process obtains leachate；Leachate is extracted, the extract liquor containing Zn-ef ficiency and the raffinate containing acid are obtained；Wherein,
In leaching process step, the dosage of sulfuric acid corresponding to low-grade zinc oxide per ton is 200~300Kg, and liquid-solid ratio is (4~6):
1。
Further, the dosage of sulfuric acid corresponding to low-grade zinc oxide per ton is 140~250Kg, low-grade zinc oxide
It is (3.5~5.5) with liquid-solid ratio during leaching process: 1.
Further, before carrying out extraction step, said extracted method further includes that the pH of leachate is adjusted to 1~4.
Further, before carrying out extraction step, said extracted method further includes that the pH of leachate is adjusted to 1~2.
Further, carrying out between extraction step and pH adjustment step, said extracted method further include to leachate into
The step of row removal of impurities.
Further, removal step includes: to carry out oxidation reaction using the ferro element in air and leachate, to remove leaching
Ferro element in liquid out；And displacement is carried out with the cadmium element in leachate using zinc powder and is reacted, to remove the member of the cadmium in leachate
Element.
Further, the temperature of leaching process is 30~50 DEG C, and extraction time is 2~5h.
Further, the temperature of leaching process is 35~45 DEG C, and extraction time is 2~4h.
Further, said extracted method further includes that the raffinate for containing acid is back to leaching process step cycle to use.
It applies the technical scheme of the present invention, during leaching process, passes through the liquid of concentration and reaction raw materials to sulfuric acid
Gu the leaching for being able to suppress foreign metal in low-grade zinc oxide ore (such as iron, aluminium, silicon) than carrying out control, so as to improve
The purity of leachate.Since iron, impurity levels are low in the leachate that obtains after sulfuric acid leaching, thus pass through extraction processing energy
Access the higher extract liquor containing Zn-ef ficiency.Since Zn-ef ficiency content is higher, this contain zinc extract liquor can directly carry out using.?
It on the basis of this, is difficult to be enriched with by ore dressing present application addresses low-grade zinc oxide ore, using leachate after directly leaching
Middle zinc concentration is low, the problem that cannot directly recycle.The application is high, at low cost with metal recovery rate simultaneously and invests low spy
Point.
Detailed description of the invention
The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and of the invention shows
Examples and descriptions thereof are used to explain the present invention for meaning property, does not constitute improper limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the extracting method for the low-grade zinc oxide that a kind of typical embodiment according to the present invention provides
Flow diagram；And
Fig. 2 shows the extracting methods of the low-grade zinc oxide provided according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
Flow diagram.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can phase
Mutually combination.Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail.
As described in background technique, existing low-grade zinc oxide ore, which exists, to be difficult to be enriched with by ore dressing, and
The problem of zinc concentration is low in leachate after directly leaching, and impurity content is high, not can be carried out electrodeposition recycling.In order to solve above-mentioned skill
Art problem, this application provides a kind of extracting method of low-grade zinc oxide, the weight percent of Zn-ef ficiency in low-grade zinc oxide
Content is 1~13wt%, as shown in Figure 1, the extracting method includes: that low-grade zinc oxide and sulfuric acid are carried out leaching process, is obtained
To leachate；Leachate is extracted, the extract liquor containing Zn-ef ficiency and the raffinate containing acid are obtained；Wherein, leaching process walks
In rapid, the dosage of sulfuric acid corresponding to low-grade zinc oxide per ton is 200~300Kg, and liquid-solid ratio is (4~6): 1.
During leaching process, the concentration of sulfuric acid and the liquid-solid ratio of reaction raw materials are limited within the above range, not only
Zn-ef ficiency can be made to leach, additionally it is possible to inhibit the leaching of impurity metallic elements in low-grade zinc oxide ore (such as iron, aluminium, silicon),
So as to improve the purity of leachate.Since iron, impurity levels are low in the leachate that obtains after sulfuric acid leaching, thus it is logical
Zn-ef ficiency purity and the higher extract liquor of content can be obtained by crossing extraction processing.Since Zn-ef ficiency content is higher, this contains zinc extraction
Liquid can directly carry out using.On this basis, it is difficult to be enriched with by ore dressing present application addresses low-grade zinc oxide ore,
Low, the problem that cannot directly recycle using zinc concentration in leachate after directly leaching.Simultaneously the application have metal recovery rate it is high,
The features such as at low cost and investment is low.
In order to further decrease the leaching rate of foreign ion, and improve Zn-ef ficiency content in final extract liquor, it is preferable that leaching
Out in processing step, the dosage of sulfuric acid corresponding to low-grade zinc oxide per ton is 200~330Kg, and liquid-solid ratio is (4~6): 1.
In order to further suppress the leaching rate of foreign ion, it is preferable that before carrying out extraction step, said extracted method
It further include that the pH of leachate is adjusted to 1~4, more preferably 1~2.
In a kind of preferred embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, before carrying out above-mentioned extraction step and pH adjustment step, on
Extracting method is stated to further include the steps that cleaning to leachate.Before carrying out extraction processing, first clean to leachate
It handles (such as ferro element and cadmium element), is conducive to the purity for further increasing leachate, to be conducive to further increase extraction
The extraction efficiency of Zn-ef ficiency in step.
Above-mentioned removal step can use impurity-removing method commonly used in the art, it is preferable that above-mentioned removal step includes: use
Ferro element in air and leachate carries out oxidation reaction, to remove the ferro element in leachate；And use zinc powder and leachate
In cadmium element carry out displacement reaction, to remove the cadmium element in leachate.
In a kind of preferred embodiment, the temperature of leaching process is 30~50 DEG C, and extraction time is 2~5h.At leaching
The temperature and extraction time of reason include but is not limited to above range, and are limited and be conducive to further increase within the above range
The leaching rate of Zn-ef ficiency in leaching process, while being also unfavorable for the leaching of foreign ion.In order to further increase the leaching of Zn-ef ficiency
Extracting rate, it is preferable that the temperature of leaching process is 35~45 DEG C, and extraction time is 2~4h.
In order to reduce process costs, while reducing the consumption of acid, it is preferable that said extracted technique further includes that will contain acid
Raffinate is back to leaching process step, to recycle to the acid in raffinate.
In order to further increase the recovery rate of Zn-ef ficiency in low-grade zinc oxide ore, it is preferable that said extracted method is also wrapped
It includes and is filtered the product of leaching process, obtain above-mentioned leachate and leached mud；And above-mentioned leached mud is washed
The application is described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment, these embodiments should not be understood as limitation originally
Apply for range claimed.
Zinc oxide ore ingredient used in embodiment and comparative example is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
| Element | Pb | Zn | Cu | Fe | Cr | Cd | Co | Ni |
| Content, wt% | 0.83 | 10.04 | 0.54 | 4.95 | 0.048 | 0.443 | 0.028 | 0.080 |
Embodiment 1
(1) leaching process:
Leaching process is carried out to low-grade zinc oxide ore using the sulfuric acid of 0.61mol/L, wherein liquid-solid ratio in leaching process
For 4:1,30 DEG C of extraction temperature, extraction time 3.5h, sulfuric acid dosage 241kg/t, endpoint pH 1.95.In immersion liquid, Zn-ef ficiency
Concentration is 32.94g/L, leaching rate 94.24%；The concentration of ferro element is 0.558g/L, leaching rate 4.42%；Aluminium element
Concentration 0.8g/L, leaching rate 7.5%；The concentration of silica is 0.476g/L, leaching rate 4.2%.
(2) leachate blowing air at 70 DEG C stirs, mixing speed 700rpm, pH value 3.8~4.5, in conditions above
After removing the metal impurities such as Fe, Ni down, Zn is obtained by extraction through P204 in leachate.Through extracting, Zn extraction yield is leachate
The rate of recovery of 53.23wt%, Zn are 92.64wt%.
Embodiment 2
With the difference of embodiment 1 are as follows: the dosage of sulfuric acid corresponding to low-grade zinc oxide per ton is 270Kg, low-grade oxygen
Liquid-solid ratio is 2:1 during changing zinc and the leaching process, and the endpoint pH of leachate is 1.74.
In immersion liquid, the concentration of Zn-ef ficiency is 30.95g/L, leaching rate 92.57wt%；The concentration of ferro element is 1.845g/
L, leaching rate 7.3wt%；The concentration 1.424g/L of aluminium element, leaching rate 13.35wt%；The concentration of silica is
0.629g/L, leaching rate 5.55wt%.
Leachate is 53.23wt% through zinc extraction Zn extraction yield, and the rate of recovery of Zn is 90.97wt%.
Embodiment 3
With the difference of embodiment 1 are as follows: the endpoint pH of leachate is adjusted to 5.
In immersion liquid, the concentration of Zn-ef ficiency is 29.64.g/L, leaching rate 88.44wt%；The concentration of ferro element is
1.345g/L, leaching rate 5.32wt%；The concentration 1.425g/L of aluminium element, leaching rate 13.36wt%；Silica it is dense
Degree is 0.473g/L, leaching rate 4.00wt%.
Leachate is 54.49wt% through zinc extraction Zn extraction yield, and the rate of recovery of Zn is 86.84wt%.
Embodiment 4
With the difference of embodiment 1 are as follows: carry out leaching process to low-grade zinc oxide under room temperature (20 DEG C), extraction time is
2h。
In immersion liquid, the concentration of Zn-ef ficiency is 25.18g/L, leaching rate 91.23wt%；The concentration of ferro element is 1.145g/
L, leaching rate 4.53wt%；The concentration 1.323g/L of aluminium element, leaching rate 12.4wt%；The concentration of silica is
0.378g/L, leaching rate 3.34wt%.
Leachate is 63.08wt% through zinc extraction Zn extraction yield, and the rate of recovery of Zn is 89.63wt%.
Comparative example 1
With the difference of embodiment 1 are as follows: the dosage of sulfuric acid corresponding to low-grade zinc oxide per ton is 150Kg, low-grade oxygen
Liquid-solid ratio is 6:1 during changing zinc and the leaching process.
In immersion liquid, the concentration of Zn-ef ficiency is 29.85g/L, leaching rate 89.06wt%；The concentration of ferro element is 0.9g/L,
Leaching rate is 3.56wt%；The concentration 1.263g/L of aluminium element, leaching rate 11.84wt%；The concentration of silica is
0.231g/L, leaching rate 2.04wt%.
Leachate is 50.64wt% through zinc extraction Zn extraction yield, and the rate of recovery of Zn is 87.46wt%.
It can be seen from the above description that the above embodiments of the present invention realized the following chievements: at leaching
During reason, by the liquid-solid ratio of concentration and reaction raw materials to sulfuric acid carry out control be able to suppress it is miscellaneous in low-grade zinc oxide ore
The leaching of matter metal (such as iron, aluminium, silicon), so as to improve the purity of leachate.Iron, silicon in leachate after sulfuric acid leaching
Impurity content is low, then can obtain the higher extract liquor containing Zn-ef ficiency by extraction processing.It, should since Zn-ef ficiency content is higher
Extract liquor containing zinc can directly carry out using.On this basis, it is difficult to pass through ore dressing present application addresses low-grade zinc oxide ore
It is enriched with, the problem that cannot directly recycle low using zinc concentration in leachate after directly leaching.The application has metal simultaneously
The features such as rate of recovery is high, at low cost and investment is low.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of extracting method of low-grade zinc oxide, which is characterized in that the weight hundred of Zn-ef ficiency in the low-grade zinc oxide
Dividing content is 1~13wt%, and the extracting method includes:
The low-grade zinc oxide and sulfuric acid are subjected to leaching process, obtain leachate；
The leachate is extracted, the extract liquor containing Zn-ef ficiency and the raffinate containing acid are obtained；
Wherein, in the leaching process step, the dosage of sulfuric acid corresponding to the low-grade zinc oxide per ton is 200~
300Kg, liquid-solid ratio are (4~6): 1.
2. extracting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that sulfuric acid corresponding to the low-grade zinc oxide per ton
Dosage be 140~250Kg, liquid-solid ratio is (3.5~5.5) during the low-grade zinc oxide and the leaching process: 1.
3. extracting method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that described to mention before carrying out the extraction step
Taking method further includes that the pH of the leachate is adjusted to 1~4.
4. extracting method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that before carrying out the extraction step, the extraction
Method further includes that the pH of the leachate is adjusted to 1~2.
5. extracting method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that carry out the extraction step and pH adjustment step it
Between, the extracting method further includes the steps that cleaning to the leachate.
6. extracting method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the removal step includes:
Oxidation reaction is carried out using the ferro element in air and the leachate, to remove the ferro element in the leachate；And
It carries out displacement with the cadmium element in the leachate using zinc powder to react, to remove the cadmium element in the leachate.
7. extracting method according to any one of claim 1 to 6, which is characterized in that the temperature of the leaching process is
30~50 DEG C, extraction time is 2~5h.
8. extracting method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the temperature of the leaching process is 35~45 DEG C, leaching
The time is 2~4h out.
9. extracting method according to claim 7 or 8, which is characterized in that said extracted method further includes by described containing acid
Raffinate be back to the leaching process step cycle and use.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111519039A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-11 | 郑州大学 | Process method for recovering zinc from low-grade zinc oxide ore |
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| CN111519039B (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2022-02-01 | 郑州大学 | Process method for recovering zinc from low-grade zinc oxide ore |
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