CN110052819B - Automatic dismounting device and method for crusher connected frame - Google Patents
Automatic dismounting device and method for crusher connected frame Download PDFInfo
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- CN110052819B CN110052819B CN201910376485.7A CN201910376485A CN110052819B CN 110052819 B CN110052819 B CN 110052819B CN 201910376485 A CN201910376485 A CN 201910376485A CN 110052819 B CN110052819 B CN 110052819B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/02—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for connecting objects by press fit or for detaching same
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/04—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for assembling or disassembling parts
- B23P19/06—Screw or nut setting or loosening machines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic dismounting device for a crusher connected frame, which comprises a driving device, a roller bearing device with a gear, a torque-adjustable rotary screw device, a meshing gear coupling device with a nut, a horizontal cylinder device and a vertical cylinder device, wherein the driving device is arranged on a lower frame and is used for driving the roller bearing device with the gear; the invention can realize quick installation, locking and loosening of the crusher frame, improve the working efficiency and shorten the maintenance time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of crusher equipment, relates to an automatic dismounting device and method for a crusher connected frame, and is particularly suitable for mounting, clamping, loosening and hanging off of an upper frame and a lower frame in a large and medium-sized gyratory crusher and a single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher.
Background
The disassembly and assembly between the frames of the prior single-cylinder and gyratory crushers are basically manual clamping and loosening, such as the connection and the fastening between the frames are shown in fig. 1 and 2, the connection and the fastening are realized through locking bolts, nuts and jackscrews, the disassembly and the assembly are shown in fig. 3, the assembly is realized through rubber covers, nuts, gaskets, washers and bolts, and the operation tools such as hydraulic wrenches are used. The common characteristics of the crusher are that the manual disassembly is mainly carried out, the disassembly and the assembly are time-consuming, the maintenance workload of the crusher is large, and the working efficiency and the yield are affected.
At present, the frames of the crusher are fastened by common bolts and nuts, and are loosened and jacked up by jackscrews. Along with the industrialization progress, the labor cost is greatly increased, the requirements on the crusher are higher, and the frame is required to be disassembled and assembled faster to improve the efficiency.
Chinese patent 201310744913.X discloses a horizontal perforating machine frame with automatic dismounting and locking device, comprising an upper frame, a lower frame, a side frame, a lifting device, a push-pull device and a locking device, wherein the top of the lower frame is provided with an inverted-T-shaped through hole, and the bottom of the inverted-T-shaped through hole is provided with a first guide rail; the side frame is fixedly arranged at one side of the lower frame, and a second guide rail is arranged on the side frame; the lifting device comprises a lifting cylinder, a sliding block, a connecting rod and a roller; the push-pull device comprises a push-pull cylinder, a push-pull head and a sleeve; the locking device comprises a locking cylinder and a wedge block. The lifting cylinder and the connecting rod are adopted to realize lifting of the upper frame relative to the lower frame, the upper frame can be moved out and put in relative to the lower frame through the cooperation of the push-pull cylinder, the first guide rail and the second guide rail, and the upper frame can be locked on the lower frame through the cooperation of the locking cylinder, the wedge block and the wedge hole, so that the automatic disassembly and locking of the frame are realized. The wedge block is used for clamping, but the upper frame and the lower frame of the cone crusher are in interference fit with conical surfaces, if the wedge block is used for clamping, when the wedge block is loosened, the upper frame and the lower frame are in interference fit with the conical surfaces in the radial direction, after the wedge block is loosened, the upper frame and the lower frame are in interference fit with the conical surfaces, and the wedge block cannot be automatically loosened, so that the clamping by the wedge block is only applicable to frames in the radial interference fit without the conical surfaces, such as the locking of guide rails between machine tools, and the disassembly and assembly of the upper frame and the lower frame in the existing interference fit with the conical surfaces in the crusher industry are not applicable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, and provides an automatic dismounting device and method for a crusher connected frame, which are used for realizing quick installation, locking and loosening of the crusher frame, improving the working efficiency and shortening the maintenance time.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the crusher is connected with an automatic dismounting device of the frame, and comprises a driving device, a roller bearing device with a gear, a torque-adjustable rotary screw device, a meshing gear coupling device with a nut, a horizontal cylinder device and a vertical cylinder device, wherein the driving device is arranged on the lower frame and drives the roller bearing device with the gear; the meshing gear coupling device with the nut is arranged in the upper frame, the meshing gear coupling device with the nut is in threaded connection with the corresponding torque-adjustable rotary screw device, and the horizontal cylinder device and the vertical cylinder device for controlling the meshing gear coupling device with the nut to be engaged and disengaged are arranged on the upper frame.
Further preferably, the torque-adjustable rotary screw device comprises a gear, a threaded shaft, a screw support, a flange, a ratchet mechanism and a torque-adjustable clutch, wherein the threaded shaft is fixed through the screw support and the flange, and the gear is sleeved on the threaded shaft. The gear is in transmission connection with the threaded shaft through the torque-adjustable clutch, and the gear is also in transmission with the threaded shaft through the ratchet mechanism.
Further preferably, the adjustable torque clutch is composed of a clutch support sleeve, a first thrust bearing, an inner clutch plate, an outer clutch plate, a first spring, a spring supporting seat, a stop block and an adjusting screw, wherein the clutch support sleeve is sleeved on a threaded shaft, the clutch support sleeve is connected with a gear, the first thrust bearing is arranged below the clutch support sleeve, the second thrust bearing is arranged above the gear, the gear and the clutch support sleeve are fixed on a threaded shaft through the first thrust bearing and the second thrust bearing, a plurality of groups of mutually staggered inner clutch plates and outer clutch plates are arranged in the clutch support sleeve, the inner clutch plates are in spline transmission fit with the threaded shaft through the inner spline sleeve, the outer clutch plates are in spline transmission fit with the threaded shaft through the outer spline sleeve, the lower end of the clutch composed of the inner clutch plates and the outer clutch plates is provided with the first spring, the spring supporting seat is arranged outside the threaded shaft, the spring supporting seat is in abutment with the stop block arranged in the threaded shaft, the lower end of the threaded shaft is provided with the adjusting screw, the outer clutch plates are in spline transmission fit with the threaded shaft, and accordingly the friction force is adjusted, the friction force is adjusted by adjusting screw, and the friction force is adjusted by adjusting screw is small.
Further preferably, the ratchet mechanism comprises a ratchet support, a ratchet pin, a ratchet spring and a ratchet cover, wherein stepped holes are uniformly distributed on the circumference of a non-tooth part of the gear, threaded connecting holes are formed in the stepped holes, the center line of the stepped holes does not pass through the center of the gear hole, the ratchet support is arranged in the threaded connecting holes through threads, the ratchet pin is arranged in the ratchet support, the head part of the ratchet pin extends to a threaded shaft in the center of the gear, the tail part of the ratchet pin is sleeved with the ratchet spring, the ratchet spring is sealed in the ratchet support through the ratchet cover, a ratchet is arranged on the threaded shaft, ratchet grooves are distributed on the ratchet, each ratchet groove comprises a transmission edge, a transition arc and a non-transmission sliding edge, and the transition arc is arranged between the non-transmission sliding edge and the transmission edge; the driving edge is parallel to the center of the ratchet pin, and the non-driving sliding edge is perpendicular to the center of the ratchet pin.
Further preferably, the upper part of the threaded shaft is provided with shaft end characteristic threads, the threaded shaft is provided with spline characteristics matched with the inner clutch plates, the spline characteristics and the inner clutch plates transmit torque through splines, the threaded shaft is provided with square holes in sliding fit with the stop blocks, and the lower end of the threaded shaft is provided with threaded holes for installing the adjusting screws.
Further preferably, the engagement tooth coupling device with the nut comprises an upper tooth clutch, a lower tooth clutch, a key and a second spring, wherein the key is arranged on the lower tooth clutch, the lower tooth clutch is fixed on the upper frame through the key, the upper tooth clutch is arranged on the lower tooth clutch, the lower part of the upper tooth clutch is connected with a step pipe, the step pipe penetrates through the lower tooth clutch and is sleeved with the second spring, the second spring is supported through a step hole in the upper frame, and the upper tooth clutch is provided with an internal threaded hole matched with the shaft end characteristic screw thread of the threaded shaft.
Further preferably, the roller bearing device with the gear comprises a bearing inner ring, balls, a toothed bearing outer ring and a ball fixing frame, wherein the balls are arranged between the bearing inner ring and the toothed bearing outer ring, and after the bearing inner ring, the balls and the toothed bearing outer ring are assembled, the balls are fixed by adopting the ball fixing frame.
Further preferably, the clamping device further comprises position sensors mounted in the lower frame and the upper frame for monitoring the clamping state of the lower frame and the upper frame.
Further preferably, the device further comprises a support for mounting the horizontal cylinder device and the vertical cylinder device, the support is mounted on the upper frame and is located above the meshing gear coupling device with the nut, the horizontal cylinder device is mounted on one side of the support, and the vertical cylinder device is mounted above the support.
Further preferably, the device further comprises a control system, wherein the control system is connected with the driving device, the horizontal cylinder device, the vertical cylinder device and the position sensor.
Still preferably, the horizontal cylinder device comprises a horizontal cylinder shaft, a horizontal cylinder barrel, a horizontal cylinder front cover support, a third bolt, a first pipe joint, a first sensor support, a first sensor, a first sensing probe and a first sensor rod, wherein the horizontal cylinder shaft is arranged in the horizontal cylinder barrel and sealed through a first O-shaped ring, two first pipe joints are arranged on the side wall of the horizontal cylinder barrel and used as air inlet/outlet interfaces, the horizontal cylinder front cover support is arranged at the front end of the horizontal cylinder barrel, the horizontal cylinder front cover support is locked with the horizontal cylinder barrel through a third gasket, the third bolt and a first nut, the first sensor support and the first sensor rod are arranged at the rear end of the horizontal cylinder barrel, the first sensor rod is connected with the horizontal cylinder shaft, the first sensing probe is arranged on the first sensor rod, the first sensor support is arranged at the front end and the rear end of the first sensor support through a second nut, the first sensor is respectively arranged at the two ends of the first sensor support, and the front end of the horizontal cylinder shaft is conical and matched with the upper tooth clutch.
Further preferably, the vertical cylinder device comprises a vertical cylinder shaft, a vertical cylinder barrel, a vertical cylinder front cover support, a second sensor and a second sensing probe, wherein the vertical cylinder shaft is installed in the vertical cylinder barrel and sealed through a second O-shaped ring, the vertical cylinder front cover support is fixed with the vertical cylinder barrel through a fourth gasket, a third nut and a fifth bolt, a second pipe joint for air inlet/outlet is arranged on the side wall of the vertical cylinder barrel, a floating pressing plate is installed at the front end of the vertical cylinder shaft, a second sensor rod is installed at the rear end of the vertical cylinder shaft, the second sensor rod extends out of the vertical cylinder barrel and is provided with the second sensing probe at the end part of the second sensor rod, the tail part of the vertical cylinder barrel is provided with the second sensor support through a sixth bolt, and at least two second sensors are installed on the second sensor support through the fourth nut.
Further preferably, the drive is a planetary gear reducer drive. The driving device with the planetary gear reducer is adopted, the planetary gear reducer has a larger reduction ratio, and larger output torque is generated through a motor (or a hydraulic motor).
The invention discloses an automatic dismounting method of a crusher connected frame, wherein a roller bearing device with a gear and a torque-adjustable rotary screw device are arranged on a lower frame, a meshing gear coupling device with a nut, a horizontal cylinder device and a vertical cylinder device are arranged on an upper frame, and the roller bearing device with the gear is driven by a driving device so as to drive the torque-adjustable rotary screw device;
When in clamping installation, the meshing gear coupling device with the nut is meshed through the vertical air cylinder device, and the torque-adjustable rotary screw device enables the nut of the meshing gear coupling device with the nut to be in threaded transmission with the torque-adjustable rotary screw device through the torque-adjustable clutch transmission torque, so that the upper frame and the lower frame relatively move to be clamped;
when the vertical cylinder device is loosened, the horizontal cylinder device is retracted, the vertical cylinder device stretches out to compress the meshing gear coupling device with the nut, the meshing gear coupling device with the nut is meshed, the torque-adjustable rotary screw device transmits torque through the torque-adjustable clutch and the ratchet mechanism, the nut of the meshing gear coupling device with the nut and the torque-adjustable rotary screw device are in threaded transmission, so that the upper frame and the lower frame relatively move to be loosened, when the vertical cylinder device is loosened to be separated, the horizontal cylinder device is retracted, the vertical cylinder device stretches out, the meshing gear coupling device with the nut is meshed through the vertical cylinder device, the torque-adjustable rotary screw device continues to transmit torque through the torque-adjustable clutch and the ratchet mechanism, the nut of the meshing gear coupling device with the nut is separated from the torque-adjustable rotary screw, and then the upper frame is lifted.
The invention has the technical effects that: the torque is transmitted through the rotation of the gears, and the upper frame and the lower frame are locked and unlocked. By adopting the roller bearing device with the gears, the driving device can be used for driving all the screws around to synchronously move, and the balance is good. The screw rod device is rotated by adopting the adjustable torque to replace a common screw rod, torque is transmitted through the adjustable torque clutch during clamping, the screw thread is prevented from sliding due to difficult disassembly or damage caused by rotating too tightly, the driving motor is protected from overload and damage, and when the screw rod device is released and separated, the outer clutch plate and the inner clutch plate of the adjustable torque clutch simultaneously act, so that the friction plate is prevented from possibly slipping to lead to disassembly of the fixed nut, and disassembly is ensured. The clamping force between the racks is controlled through the adjustable set transmission moment, so that the rated clamping force between the racks is ensured.
The meshing gear coupling device with the nut is adopted to replace the common nut, the horizontal cylinder device and the vertical cylinder device are matched to control the meshing of the meshing gear coupling device, when the nut and the screw rod are loosened, the horizontal cylinder device is used for compressing, the compressing force is ensured, when the nut and the screw rod are loosened to be separated, the upper gear clutch of the meshing gear coupling device with the nut is pressed by the vertical cylinder device, the compressing force is small, and when the resistance is overlarge, the upper gear clutch can be sprung upwards to be disengaged, so that the damage to threads can be prevented. The invention controls the locking and releasing states of the nuts through the meshing gear coupling device with the nuts, the horizontal cylinder device, the vertical cylinder device, the position sensor and the control system, ensures the correct transmission mode and realizes the automatic functions of loosening, clamping and hanging-off between the frames.
The invention improves the level of the dismounting mechanization of the crusher, greatly reduces the maintenance time and the maintenance cost of the crusher, and greatly improves the production efficiency of the crusher.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional device for attaching and detaching camera frames of a crusher.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a conventional crusher frame assembly and disassembly by using a hydraulic wrench.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing an automatic dismounting device for connecting an upper frame and a lower frame of the crusher of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an automatic dismounting device for connecting an upper frame and a lower frame of a crusher according to the invention.
Fig. 6 is a top view of the automatic dismounting device of the crusher connecting the upper frame and the lower frame of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a driving device with a planetary gear reducer in the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the geared roller bearing assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a torque-adjustable rotary screw device according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a D-D sectional view of fig. 9.
Fig. 11 is a gear schematic of an adjustable torque rotary screw device.
Fig. 12 is an E-E view of fig. 11.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the threaded shaft of an adjustable torque rotary screw device.
Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of F-F of fig. 13.
Fig. 15 is a perspective view of the tooth coupling device with the nut.
Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a tooth coupling device with a nut.
Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view of a horizontal cylinder device.
Fig. 18 is a perspective view of a horizontal cylinder device.
Fig. 19 is a cross-sectional view of a vertical cylinder device.
Fig. 20 is a perspective view of a vertical cylinder device.
Fig. 21 is a schematic view of the lower housing.
Fig. 22 is a schematic view of the upper housing.
Fig. 23 is a schematic view of a position sensor device.
FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of a control system apparatus.
Fig. 25 is a schematic view of an automatic clamping apparatus for connecting an upper frame and a lower frame of the crusher.
Fig. 26 is a schematic view of an automatic loosening apparatus for connecting an upper frame and a lower frame of the crusher.
Fig. 27 is a schematic view of the breaker with the upper and lower frames attached and the lower frame detached from the lifting device.
In the figure: 1. a driving device with a planet gear speed reducer, a roller bearing device with a gear on an outer ring, a torque-adjustable rotary screw device, a meshing gear coupling device with a nut, a horizontal cylinder device, a vertical cylinder device, a support, a lower frame, a upper frame, a position sensor and a control system, wherein the roller bearing device is provided with the planet gear speed reducer, the torque-adjustable rotary screw device is provided with the outer ring, the meshing gear coupling device is provided with the nut, the horizontal cylinder device is provided with the vertical cylinder device, the support is provided with the vertical cylinder device, the lower frame is provided with the support, the upper frame is provided with the upper frame, the position sensor is provided with the position sensor, and the control system is provided with the position sensor and the control system.
1-1 parts of planetary gear reducer, 1-2 parts of reducer bracket and 1-3 parts of reducer gear;
2-1 parts of a bearing inner ring, 2-2 parts of balls, 2-3 parts of a toothed bearing outer ring and 2-4 parts of a ball fixing frame;
3-1 gear, 3-2 threaded shaft, 3-3 first bolt, 3-4 first washer, 3-5 screw mount, 3-6 first bearing, 3-7 spacer, 3-8 clutch bushing, 3-9 first thrust bearing, 3-10 second washer, 3-11 inner clutch plate, 3-12 outer clutch plate, 3-13 first spring, 3-14 spring mount, 3-15 stop, 3-16 adjustment screw, 3-17 second bolt, 3-18 flange, 3-19 second bearing, 3-20 second thrust bearing, 3-21 ratchet mount, 3-22 ratchet pin, 3-23 ratchet spring, 3-24 ratchet cover, 3-1-1 step bore, 3-1-2 threaded connection bore, 3-1-3 step bore centerline, 3-2-1 shaft end feature threads, 3-2-2 spline features, 3-2, 3-4 second bearing, 3-20 ratchet bearings, 3-1 ratchet spring, 3-24 ratchet cover, 3-1-1 step bore, 3-2 spline features, 3-2 drive flanks and 3-2-4 drive flanks and 3-2-6 drive flanks and non-flanks;
4-1, an upper tooth clutch, 4-2, a lower tooth clutch, 4-3, a key, 4-4, and a second spring;
5-1 parts of horizontal cylinder shaft, 5-2 parts of horizontal cylinder barrel, 5-3 parts of horizontal cylinder front cover support, 5-4 parts of third gasket, 5-5 parts of first nut, 5-6 parts of third bolt, 5-7 parts of first pipe joint, 5-8 parts of first O-ring, 5-9 parts of first sensor bracket, 5-10 parts of fourth bolt, 5-11 parts of second nut, 5-12 parts of first sensor, 5-13 parts of first sensing head and 5-14 parts of first sensor rod;
6-1 vertical cylinder shaft, 6-2 vertical cylinder barrel, 6-3 vertical cylinder front cover support, 6-4 fourth gasket, 6-5 third nut, 6-6 fifth bolt, 6-7 second pipe joint, 6-8 second O-ring, 6-9 second sensor bracket, 6-10 sixth bolt, 6-11 fourth nut, 6-12 second sensor, 6-13 second sensing head, 6-14 second sensor rod, 6-15 floating pressure plate.
8-1, a conical surface of a lower frame, 8-2, a flange joint surface of the lower frame, 8-3, a flange surface for installing a roller bearing device, 8-4, a plurality of channels for positive dustproof air pressure, 8-5, a plurality of frame support joint surfaces (8-5) for supporting the frame, 8-6 and a central eccentric bearing seat hole of the frame;
9-1, a conical surface of an upper frame, 9-2, a flange joint surface, 9-3, a conical surface of an installation arm support bushing, 9-4, a circumferential reinforcing rib and 9-5, and an arc reinforcing rib for arm support reinforcement;
10-1 parts of a bent plate bracket, 10-2 parts of a seventh bolt, 10-3 parts of a fifth nut, 10-4 parts of a position sensor and 10-5 parts of a position sensor measuring head;
the hydraulic cylinder is characterized by comprising the following components of 11-1. Horizontal cylinder retraction, 11-2. Horizontal cylinder extension, 11-3. Vertical cylinder retraction, 11-4. Vertical cylinder extension, 11-5. Clamping, 11-6. Loosening, 11-7. Lifting and 11-8. Stopping.
Description of the embodiments
The invention is further elucidated in detail below in connection with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 4-6, the automatic dismounting device for the crusher connected frame mainly comprises: the device comprises 11 parts of a planetary gear reducer driving device 1, a roller bearing device 2 with gears, a torque-adjustable rotary screw device 3, a meshing gear coupling device 4 with nuts, a horizontal cylinder device 5, a vertical cylinder device 6, a support 7, a lower frame 8, an upper frame 9, a position sensor 10 and a control system 11. The driving device 1 with the planetary gear reducer is arranged on the lower frame 8 and provides power, the driving device 1 with the planetary gear reducer drives the roller bearing device 2 with the gear, the roller bearing device 2 with the gear is arranged on the lower frame 8, the torque-adjustable rotary screw device 3 is uniformly arranged around the lower frame 8, and the torque-adjustable rotary screw device 3 is in gear transmission with the roller bearing device 2 with the gear; the meshing gear coupling device 4 with the nut is arranged in the upper frame 9, the meshing gear coupling device 4 with the nut is in threaded connection with the corresponding torque-adjustable rotary screw device 3, the support 7 is arranged on the upper frame 9 and is positioned above the meshing gear coupling device 4 with the nut, the horizontal cylinder device 5 is arranged on one side of the support 7, the vertical cylinder device 6 is arranged above the support 7, the horizontal cylinder device 5 and the vertical cylinder device 6 are used for adjusting the clutch state of the meshing gear coupling device 4 with the nut, and the position sensor 10 is arranged in the lower frame 8 and the upper frame 9 and is used for monitoring the clamping state of the lower frame 8 and the upper frame 9. The control system 11 is connected with the driving device 1 with the planet gear speed reducer, the horizontal cylinder device 5, the vertical cylinder device 6 and the position sensor 10. The torque-adjustable rotary screw device 3 converts the rotary motion of the screw and the nut into the up-and-down motion of the lower frame 8 and the upper frame 9 through the nut of the meshing gear coupling device 4 with the nut, and controls different motion positions of the horizontal cylinder device 5 and the vertical cylinder device 6 and the driving rotation direction of the planetary gear reducer with the planetary gear reducer through the control system 11, so that the correct action of each cylinder is realized, the clamping or loosening and separating of the lower frame 8 and the upper frame 9 are realized, the maintenance time and the maintenance cost of the crusher are greatly reduced, and the production efficiency of the crusher is greatly improved.
The structure of the driving device 1 with the planetary gear reducer is shown in fig. 7, and the driving device comprises a planetary gear reducer 1-1, a reducer support 1-2 and a reducer gear 1-3, wherein the planetary gear reducer 1-1 is fixed with the reducer support 1-2 through bolts, the reducer gear 1-3 is heated, after a measuring hole is larger than an output shaft of the matched planetary gear reducer 1-1, the reducer gear 1-3 is arranged on the output shaft of the planetary gear reducer 1-1, and the reducer support 1-2 is arranged on a joint surface of a lower frame 8 through bolts. The driving device 1 with the planetary gear reducer and the planetary gear reducer have larger reduction ratio, and larger output torque is generated through a motor (or a hydraulic motor).
The structure of the roller bearing device with the gear is shown in fig. 8, and the roller bearing device comprises a bearing inner ring 2-1, balls 2-2, a toothed bearing outer ring 2-3 and a ball fixing frame 2-4, wherein the balls 2-2 are arranged between the bearing inner ring 2-1 and the toothed bearing outer ring 2-3, the balls 2-2 are fixed by the ball fixing frame 2-4 after the bearing inner ring 2-1, the balls 2-2 and the toothed bearing outer ring 2-3 are assembled, and finally the ball fixing frame 2-4 is formed by spot welding, so that the balls 2-2 are clamped in the ball fixing frame 2-4 and are uniformly distributed, the joint surface of the bearing inner ring 2-1 and the lower frame 8 is matched into interference fit, the bearing inner ring 2-1 is heated, and the bearing inner ring 2-1 is installed on the joint surface of the lower frame 8 after hole expansion.
The torque-adjustable rotary screw device has a structure shown in fig. 9 and 10, and comprises a gear 3-1, a threaded shaft 3-2, a first bolt 3-3, a first washer 3-4, a screw support 3-5, a first bearing 3-6, a spacer 3-7, a clutch support 3-8, a first thrust bearing 3-9, a second washer 3-10, an inner clutch plate 3-11, an outer clutch plate 3-12, a first spring 3-13, a spring support seat 3-14, a stopper 3-15, an adjusting screw 3-16, a second bolt 3-17, a flange 3-18, a second bearing 3-19, a second thrust bearing 3-20, a ratchet support 3-21, a ratchet pin 3-22, a ratchet spring 3-23, and a ratchet cover 3-24, the middle part of the screw shaft 3-2 is fixed in the screw support 3-5 through a first bearing 3-6, the screw support 3-5 is a cylindrical cavity with an opening at the lower end and an opening at the side, the lower end of the screw support 3-5 is provided with a flange 3-18 through a second bolt 3-17, the lower end of the screw shaft 3-2 is provided with a flange 3-18 through a second bearing 3-19, a gear 3-1 is arranged on the screw shaft 3-2, a clutch support 3-8 is sleeved on the screw shaft 3-2, the clutch support 3-8 is connected with the gear 3-1 through a hexagon socket head cap screw, a first thrust bearing 3-9 is arranged below the clutch support 3-8, a second thrust bearing 3-20 is arranged above the gear 3-1, the gear 3-1 and the clutch support sleeve 3-8 are fixed on the threaded shaft 3-2 through the first thrust bearing 3-9 and the second thrust bearing 3-20, a spacer sleeve 3-7 is arranged between the second thrust bearing 3-20 and the first bearing 3-6, and the spacer sleeve 3-7 is used for positioning and separating the second thrust bearing 3-20 and the first bearing 3-6; the clutch support 3-8 is internally provided with a second gasket 3-10 and a plurality of groups of mutually staggered inner clutch plates 3-11 and outer clutch plates 3-12, the second gasket 3-10, the inner clutch plates 3-11 and the outer clutch plates 3-12 are sleeved outside the threaded shaft 3-2, the inner clutch plates 3-11 are sleeved on the threaded shaft spline through the inner spline sleeve, the outer clutch plates 3-12 are sleeved on the inner hole spline of the clutch support through the outer spline sleeve, the inner clutch plates 3-11 are in transmission fit with the threaded shaft 3-2 through the spline, the outer clutch plates 3-11 are in transmission fit with the clutch support 3-8 through the spline, the upper end of a clutch formed by the inner clutch plates 3-11 and the outer clutch plates 3-12 is provided with a second gasket 3-10, the lower end of the clutch formed by the inner clutch plates 3-11 and the outer clutch plates 3-12 is provided with a first spring 3-13, the first spring 3-13 is supported by a spring supporting seat 3-14, the spring supporting seat 3-14 is sleeved outside the threaded shaft 3-2, the spring supporting seat 3-14 is abutted against the lower end of the threaded shaft 3-2, the clutch shaft 3-2 is in transmission fit with a stop screw 3-16 arranged in the threaded shaft 3-2, the lower end of the clutch plates 3-12 is abutted against the first spring supporting seat 3-11, the lower end 3-16 is adjusted by the stop screw 3-16, thereby adjusting screw 3-16 is adjusted, the friction force is adjusted, the high, the adjusting screw is adjusted, and the screw is adjusted, and the friction is adjusted, the screw is adjusted, and the high, and the screw is adjusted, and the screw is further the screw is adjusted, a defined clamping force is reached. The gear 3-1 and the clutch support 3-8 are connected through an inner hexagonal cylindrical head screw, the clutch support 3-8 transmits torque to the outer clutch plate 3-12 through a spline, the outer clutch plate 3-2 transmits torque to the inner clutch plate 3-11 through friction force generated by the springs 3-13, the inner clutch plate 3-11 transmits torque to the threaded shaft 3-2 through a spline, and the screw support 3-5 is mounted on the lower frame 8 through the first bolt 3-3 and the first gasket 3-4.
The structure of the gear 3-1 is shown in fig. 11 and 12, the circumference of the non-tooth part of the gear 3-1 is provided with uniformly distributed step holes 3-1-1, the step holes 3-1-1 are internally provided with threaded connecting holes 3-1-2, the center line 3-1-3 of the step holes does not pass through the center of the gear holes, the ratchet support 3-21 is arranged in the threaded connecting holes 3-1-2 through threads, the ratchet pin 3-22 is arranged in the ratchet support 3-21, the head part of the ratchet pin 3-22 extends to the threaded shaft 3-2 in the center of the gear 3-1, the tail part of the ratchet pin 3-22 is sleeved with a ratchet spring 3-23, and the ratchet spring 3-23 is sealed in the ratchet support 3-21 through a ratchet cover 3-24.
The structure of the threaded shaft 3-2 is shown in figures 13 and 14, the upper part of the threaded shaft 3-2 is provided with shaft end characteristic threads 3-2-1, the threaded shaft 3-2 is provided with spline characteristics 3-2-2 matched with an inner clutch plate 3-11, the spline characteristics 3-2-2 and the inner clutch plate 3-11 transmit torque through splines, the threaded shaft 3-2 is provided with square holes 3-2-3 in sliding fit with a stop block 3-15, the lower end of the threaded shaft 3-2 is provided with threaded holes 3-2-4 for installing an adjusting screw 3-16, the threaded shaft 3-2 is provided with a ratchet wheel, ratchet wheel grooves are distributed on the ratchet wheel and comprise a transmission side 3-2-5, a transition arc 3-2-6 and a non-transmission sliding side 3-2-7, and the transition arc 3-2-6 is arranged between the non-transmission sliding side 3-2-7 and the transmission side 3-2-5; the transmission edge 3-2-5 is parallel to the center of the ratchet pin 3-22, and ensures the transmission torque when the frame is in a released state. The non-transmission sliding edge 3-2-7 is perpendicular to the center of the ratchet pin 3-22, and when the rack is in a clamping state, the ratchet pin 3-22 slides along the center line at the non-transmission sliding edge 3-2-7, and torque is not transmitted, so that unidirectional transmission torque is realized.
The adjustable torque rotating screw device 3 is an actuating mechanism, is uniformly distributed on the circumference of the crusher, locks or unloads the upper frame 9 and the lower frame 8, is an electric motor (or a hydraulic motor) for protecting a planetary gear reducer driving device, does not have excessive force, is provided with an adjustable torque device, has friction force=clamping force (clamping force of a spring to the inner clutch plate 3-11 and the outer clutch plate 3-12), has friction coefficient, can adjust the friction force by adjusting the spring force, controls the friction force generated by the friction plates (the inner friction plate and the outer friction plate) by adjusting the distance of the spring, adjusts the friction force of the inner clutch plate 3-11 and the outer clutch plate 3-12, and changes the friction force transmission moment accordingly, so that the gear 3-1 transmits torque to the threaded shaft 3-2 to be adjustable to achieve the specified clamping force. The principle of the torque transmission is similar to that of an electromagnetic clutch (when the power is on, the inner friction plate and the outer friction plate are squeezed tightly to transmit the torque, the power is lost, the inner friction plate and the outer friction plate are open, and the empty load is achieved), and the device is controlled by a spring and can always transmit certain torque. In addition, a ratchet mechanism is provided, which can rigidly transmit torque when the upper frame 9 and the lower frame 8 are loosened, and if the ratchet mechanism is not provided, the upper frame 9 and the lower frame 8 can slip in the loosening process and cannot be detached.
The structure of the meshed gear coupling device with the nut is shown in fig. 15 and 16, and comprises an upper gear clutch 4-1, a lower gear clutch 4-2, a key 4-3 and a second spring 4-4, wherein the key 4-3 is arranged on the lower gear clutch 4-2, the lower gear clutch 4-2 is fixed on an upper frame 9 through the key 4-3, the upper gear clutch 4-1 is arranged on the lower gear clutch 4-2, a step pipe is connected to the lower part of the upper gear clutch 4-1, the step pipe penetrates through the lower gear clutch 4-2 and is sleeved with the second spring 4-4, the second spring 4-4 is supported through a step hole in the upper frame 9, and the upper gear clutch 4-1 is provided with an internal threaded hole matched with the shaft end characteristic thread 3-2-1 of the threaded shaft 3-2. The periphery of the upper surface of the upper tooth clutch 4-1 is provided with a guide conical surface. The meshing gear coupling device with the nut adopts a tooth-shaped meshing device, and the second spring 4-4 ensures that the upper tooth clutch 4-1 and the lower tooth clutch 4-2 are in a disengaging state under the action of no external force.
The structure of the horizontal cylinder device is shown in fig. 17 and 18, and comprises a horizontal cylinder shaft 5-1, a horizontal cylinder barrel 5-2, a horizontal cylinder front cover support 5-3, a third bolt 5-6, a first pipe joint 5-7, a first sensor support 5-9, a first sensor 5-12, a first sensing head 5-13 and a first sensor rod 5-14, wherein the horizontal cylinder shaft 5-1 is arranged in the horizontal cylinder barrel 5-2 and sealed by a first O-shaped ring 5-8, two first pipe joints 5-7 are arranged on the side wall of the horizontal cylinder barrel 5-2, the two first pipe joints 5-7 are used as air inlet/outlet interfaces, the horizontal cylinder front cover support 5-3 is arranged at the front end of the horizontal cylinder barrel 5-2, the horizontal cylinder front cover support 5-3 is locked with the horizontal cylinder barrel 5-2 through a third gasket 5-4, a third bolt 5-6 and a first nut 5-5, a first sensor support 5-9 and a first sensor rod 5-14 are arranged at the rear end of the horizontal cylinder barrel 5-2, the first sensor rod 5-14 is connected with the horizontal cylinder shaft 5-1, a first sensing probe 5-13 is arranged on the first sensor rod 5-14, the first sensor support 5-9 is provided with a first sensor 5-12 through a second nut 5-11, the first sensor 5-12 is respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the first sensor support 5-9, the first sensing probe 5-13 is driven to move in the reciprocating process of the horizontal cylinder shaft 5-1, the two first sensors 5-12 and the first sensing head 5-13 sense each other to determine the position of the horizontal cylinder shaft 5-1, and the first sensing head 5-13 and the first sensor 5-12 are position sensor devices, such as a travel switch device. The front end of the horizontal cylinder shaft 5-1 is conical and is matched with the guiding conical surface of the upper tooth clutch 4-1 to play a guiding role. The horizontal cylinder shaft 5-1 is extended to press down the upper tooth clutch 4-1, and the upper tooth clutch 4-1 is engaged with the lower tooth clutch 4-2. When the upper and lower frames are loosened, the horizontal cylinder device 5 props against the meshing gear coupling device with the nuts, so that the upper and lower frames are separated.
The vertical cylinder device is shown in the structures of figures 19 and 20 and comprises a vertical cylinder shaft 6-1, a vertical cylinder barrel 6-2, a vertical cylinder front cover support 6-3, a second sensor bracket 6-9, a second sensor 6-12 and a second sensing head 6-3, wherein the vertical cylinder shaft 6-1 is arranged in the vertical cylinder barrel 6-2 and is sealed through a second O-shaped ring 6-8, the vertical cylinder front cover support 6-3 is fixed with the vertical cylinder barrel 6-2 through a fourth gasket 6-4, a third nut 6-5, a fifth bolt 6-5 and the vertical cylinder barrel 6-2, a second pipe joint 6-7 for air inlet/outlet is arranged on the side wall of the vertical cylinder barrel 6-2, a floating pressing plate 6-15 is arranged at the front end of the vertical cylinder shaft 6-1, a second sensor rod 6-14 is arranged at the rear end of the vertical cylinder barrel 6-1, a second sensing head 6-13 is arranged at the end of the vertical cylinder barrel 6-2, the vertical tail 6-2 is arranged through the second sensor rod 6-10, the second sensor head 6-13 is arranged on the end of the vertical cylinder barrel 6-2, and the second sensor rod 6-12 is mutually mounted through the second sensor bracket 6-9, and the position of the second sensor head is mutually sensed by the second sensor bracket 6-12, and the second sensor head 6-12 is mutually sensed by the second sensor rod 6-12, and the second sensor head 6-1 is mutually sensed by the second sensor bracket 6-12, and the second sensor head 6-12 is further, and the position of the second sensor head is judged. The head of the vertical cylinder shaft 6-1 is slotted, and the floating pressing plate 6-15 is fixed in the slot of the vertical cylinder shaft 6-1 through a pin. The vertical cylinder device 6 controls the engagement and release of the engagement gear coupling device with the nut and the upper frame 9, so as to realize the clamping and release between the frames. In the clamped state, the vertical cylinder device 6 controls the upper tooth clutch 4-1 and the lower tooth clutch 4-2 to be meshed and transmitted to the upper frame 9, so that the meshed tooth coupling device with the nut drives the frame to clamp. In the loosening state, when the horizontal cylinder device 5 is in a loosening state, the nut is propped against the upper and lower frames to realize the separation of the upper and lower frames, after the frames are separated by 4-5mm, the interference fit disappears, if the rotation is continued, when the meshing gear coupling device with the nut is separated from the adjustable torque rotating screw device 3, the number of the meshed threads is too small, and the upper frame is 5-10 tons heavy, so that threads can be damaged, so after the frames are separated by 4-5mm, the meshing of the nut (the upper gear clutch 4-1 and the lower gear clutch 4-2) and the upper frame 9 is controlled by the vertical cylinder device 6, because the acting force of the vertical cylinder device 6 is small, the upper gear clutch 4-1 is propped by adopting the floating pressing plate 6-15, and thus, when the meshing gear coupling device with the nut is separated from the adjustable torque rotating screw device 3 (particularly, the upper gear clutch 4-1 is separated from the threaded shaft 3-2), the meshing gear coupling device with the nut is not damaged when the meshing gear coupling device with the adjustable torque rotating screw device 3 is separated from the threads (particularly, the upper gear clutch 4-1 is separated from the threaded shaft 3-2).
The lower frame 8 has a structure as shown in FIG. 21, and is provided with a lower frame conical surface 8-1, a plurality of lower frame flange joint surfaces 8-2 distributed circumferentially, a flange surface 8-3 provided with a roller bearing device on the side wall, a plurality of channels 8-4 for positive dustproof air pressure, a plurality of frame support joint surfaces 8-5 for supporting the frame, and a frame center eccentric bearing seat hole 8-6.
The structure of the upper frame 9 is shown in fig. 22, and is provided with an upper frame conical surface 9-1, a plurality of upper frame flange joint surfaces 9-2, a conical surface 9-3 for installing a boom bushing on the side wall, a plurality of circumferential reinforcing ribs 9-4 and an arc reinforcing rib 9-5 for reinforcing the boom.
The position sensor 10 has a structure shown in FIG. 23, and comprises a bending plate bracket 10-1, a seventh bolt 10-2, a fifth nut 10-3, a position sensor 10-4, a position sensor probe 10-5, the position sensor probe 10-5 being mounted on the upper frame 9, the bending plate bracket 10-1 being mounted on the lower frame 8 by the seventh bolt 10-2, the position sensor 10-4 being mounted on the bending plate bracket 10-1 by the fifth nut 10-3, the position sensor 10-4 being engaged with the position sensor probe 10-5, and whether the upper frame 9 is separated from the lower frame 8 being judged by monitoring whether the position sensor 10-4 contacts the position sensor probe 10-5. The position sensor 10 provides a basis for proper operation of the control system 11.
As shown in FIG. 24, the control system 11 is provided with eight buttons, including "horizontal cylinder retract" 11-1, "horizontal cylinder extend" 11-2, "vertical cylinder retract" 11-3, "vertical cylinder extend" 11-4, "clamp" 11-5, "unclamp" 11-6, "hang-off" 11-7, and "stop" 11-8. The control system 11 is connected with the position sensor 10, the second sensor 6-12, the first sensor 5-12, the horizontal cylinder device 5, the vertical cylinder device 6 and the planetary gear reducer 1-1, the position of the horizontal cylinder shaft 5-1 is judged through the first sensor 5-12, the horizontal cylinder device 5 is controlled to work through operating the horizontal cylinder retreating 11-1 and the horizontal cylinder extending 11-2, the position of the vertical cylinder shaft 6-1 is judged through the second sensor 6-12, the vertical cylinder device 6 is controlled to work through the vertical cylinder retreating 11-3 and the vertical cylinder extending 11-4, the relative positions of the upper frame 9 and the lower frame 8 are judged according to the position sensor 10, and the planetary gear reducer 1-1 is controlled to work through clamping 11-5, loosening 11-6, hanging away 11-7 and stopping 11-8.
According to the invention, the control system 11 is used for controlling different movement positions of the horizontal cylinder device 5 and the vertical cylinder device 6 and driving rotation directions of the planetary gear reducer, so that the correct action of each cylinder is realized, the clamping or loosening and separating of the lower frame 8 and the upper frame 9 are realized, the maintenance time and maintenance cost of the crusher are greatly reduced, and the production efficiency of the crusher is greatly improved. The automatic dismounting process of the upper frame and the lower frame connected with the crusher is as follows:
Clamping operation:
when the upper frame 9 and the lower frame 8 are required to be clamped, the control system 11 controls the horizontal cylinder shaft 5-1 of the horizontal cylinder device 5 to be in a retracted state, controls the vertical cylinder shaft 6-1 of the vertical cylinder device 6 to extend, and the floating pressing plate 6-15 is pressed down to enable the upper tooth clutch 4-1 and the lower tooth clutch 4-2 of the meshing tooth coupling device 4 with nuts to be in a meshing state; the planetary gear reducer 1-1 works, so that a reducer gear 1-3 with the planetary gear reducer driving device 1 rotates clockwise (faces a driving shaft), a toothed outer ring 2-3 with a roller bearing device 2 with a gear on the outer ring is driven, the toothed outer ring 2-3 is meshed with a gear 3-1 arranged on the torque-adjustable rotary screw device 3, the gear 3-1 is connected with a threaded shaft 3-2 through an adjustable torque clutch, a ratchet pin 3-22 arranged on the gear 3-1 slides on an arc surface of the threaded shaft 3-2, the ratchet pin 3-22 does not drive torsion, and the torsion is transmitted by an outer clutch plate 3-12 and an inner clutch plate 3-11 of the adjustable torque clutch; when the internal threads of the threaded shaft 3-2 and the upper tooth clutch 4-1 move to be screwed, the external clutch plate 3-12 and the internal clutch plate 3-11 of the torque-adjustable clutch can enable the gear 3-1 to directly drive the threaded shaft 3-2 to rotate, and as the internal threads of the upper tooth clutch 4-1 of the meshing tooth coupling device 4 with the nut are meshed, the key 4-3 of the meshing tooth coupling device 4 with the nut is connected with the upper frame 9, so that the mutual rotation of the internal threads of the threaded shaft 3-2 and the upper tooth clutch 4-1 is converted into the vertical movement of the upper frame 9 and the lower frame 8, and the clamping between the lower frame 8 and the upper frame 9 is realized.
When the upper frame 9 and the lower frame 8 are clamped, the position sensor probe 10-5 of the position sensor 10 senses that the upper frame 9 and the lower frame 8 are in a clamping state, the horizontal cylinder retreating 11-1 of the button is twisted, the horizontal cylinder shaft 5-1 of the horizontal cylinder device 5 is controlled to retreat, the vertical cylinder stretching 11-4 of the button is twisted, the vertical cylinder shaft 6-1 of the vertical cylinder device 6 is controlled to stretch out, the upper tooth clutch 4-1 and the lower tooth clutch 4-2 of the meshing gear coupling device 4 with nuts are in an engaged state, the clamping indicating lamp is on, the gear 1-3 of the driving device 1 with the planet gear reducer is driven by the motor, and the clamping of the upper frame 9 and the lower frame 8 is realized by clockwise rotation (facing the driving shaft) of the button.
Loosening operation:
when the upper frame 9 and the lower frame 8 are required to be loosened, the control system (11) controls the vertical cylinder device 6 to retract the vertical cylinder shaft 6-1 through the reversing valve, the horizontal cylinder shaft 5-1 of the horizontal cylinder device 5 is in an extending state and extends into the hole of the support 7 to be fixed, and before the disassembly, the upper tooth clutch 4-1 and the lower tooth clutch 4-2 of the meshing tooth coupling device 4 with the nuts are in a meshing state. The speed reducer gear 1-3 with the planetary gear speed reducer driving device 1 drives the outer ring with the gear of the roller bearing device 2 with the gear, the rotating direction is anticlockwise rotation (facing the driving shaft), the outer ring 2-3 with the gear is meshed with the gear 3-1 arranged on the adjustable torque rotary screw device 3, the gear 3-1 is connected with the threaded shaft 3-2 through the adjustable torque clutch, the ratchet pin 3-22 arranged on the gear 3-1 is clamped in a ratchet groove on the threaded shaft 3-2, torque can be transmitted, thus the threaded shaft 3-2 and the threads of the upper tooth clutch 4-1 are prevented from sliding mutually, the transmission rotary threaded shaft 3-2 is ensured to rotate, the key 4-3 of the meshed gear coupling device 4 with the nut is connected with the upper frame 8 because the internal threads of the upper tooth clutch 4-1 with the nut are meshed mutually, the vertical movement of the upper frame 9 and the lower frame 8 is converted through the adjustable torque clutch, the sensor 10 is arranged on the lower frame 8 through the sensor 10, the upper frame 9 and the lower frame 4-2 is completely released from the internal threads of the upper frame 8 because the internal threads of the meshed gear coupling device 4 with the nut is completely meshed with the upper frame 9, and the lower frame 4 is completely released from the internal threads of the upper frame 2 through the sensor 10, and the upper frame 2 is completely released from the internal threads of the upper frame 2, and the upper frame is completely released from the internal frame 2, and the internal frame is completely separated from the internal frame and is completely separated from the internal frame.
When the upper frame 9 and the lower frame 8 are released, the sensor probe 10-5 of the position sensor 10 senses that the upper frame 9 and the lower frame 8 are in a clamping state, the button is turned down, the horizontal cylinder stretches out 11-2, the horizontal cylinder shaft 5-1 of the horizontal cylinder device 5 is controlled to stretch out, the vertical cylinder of the button is turned down, the vertical cylinder shaft 6-1 of the vertical cylinder device 6 is controlled to retract 11-3, the upper tooth clutch 4-1 and the lower tooth clutch 4-2 of the meshing tooth coupling device 4 with nuts are in a meshing state, the "release" indicator lamp is on, the button is turned down, the 11-6 is turned down, and the upper frame 9 and the lower frame (8) are released by rotating the reducer gear 1-3 with the planetary gear reducer driving device 1 anticlockwise (facing the driving shaft).
And (3) hanging off:
when the upper frame 9 and the lower frame 8 are released by the last 4-5mm, the horizontal cylinder shaft 5-1 of the horizontal cylinder device 5 is put in a retracted state by the shaft (1-1) through the reversing valve, the vertical cylinder shaft 6-1 of the vertical cylinder device 6 is put in an extended state, and the upper tooth clutch 4-1 and the lower tooth clutch 4-2 of the engagement tooth coupling device 4 with nuts are put in an engaged state. Since the pressing force of the vertical cylinder shaft 6-1 of the vertical cylinder device 6 is much smaller than the weight of the upper frame, the threaded shaft 3-2 installed in the lower frame 8 is completely disengaged from the nut of the upper tooth clutch 4-1 installed in the upper frame 9 by rotating, and the second sensor 6-12 of the vertical cylinder device 6 signals complete disengagement and stops rotating. In this case, the upper frame 9 can be lifted directly.
The control system 11 controls the lift-off function of the upper frame 9 and the lower frame 8. When the upper frame 9 and the lower frame 8 are lifted off, the sensor probe 10-5 of the position sensor 10 senses that the upper frame 9 and the lower frame 8 are in a loosening state, a torsion button is turned on to enable the horizontal cylinder to retract 11-1, the horizontal cylinder shaft 5-1 of the horizontal cylinder device 5 to retract, the torsion button is controlled to enable the vertical cylinder shaft 6-1 of the vertical cylinder device 6 to retract, the upper tooth clutch 4-1 and the lower tooth clutch 4-2 of the meshing tooth coupling device 4 with nuts are in a disengaging state, a disengaging indicator lamp is turned on, the torsion button is controlled to enable the vertical cylinder shaft 5-1 of the horizontal cylinder device 5 to retract, and the lifting and disengaging of the upper frame 9 and the lower frame 8 are realized.
In the released state, if the upper tooth clutch 4-1 and the lower tooth clutch 4-2 are only pressed by the floating pressing plate 6-15 to be engaged, a large vertical force is generated in the disassembling process, and the vertical air cylinder cannot bear. While it is feasible to compress the upper tooth clutch 4-1 and the lower tooth clutch 4-2 by adopting the horizontal cylinder shaft 5-1 and bear vertical force by the pin shaft. If the upper tooth clutch 4-1 and the lower tooth clutch 4-2 are pressed by the horizontal cylinder shaft 5-1 only, the upper frame has a weight of 5-10 tons when the nut and the screw are separated during the loosening process, and the threaded part is damaged by the disassembly. Therefore, when the upper frame and the lower frame are loosened to the last 4-5mm, the horizontal cylinder shaft 5-1 is retracted, the vertical cylinder is adopted to compress the upper tooth clutch 4-1 and the lower tooth clutch 4-2 of the vertical cylinder device 6, the compressing force is small, the screw thread is not damaged when the nut and the screw rod are separated, and the nut and the screw rod are separated, so that the horizontal cylinder device 5 and two compressing modes are needed.
In the invention, the torque is transmitted to the threaded shaft 3-2 through the ratchet pin, the outer clutch plate 3-12 and the inner clutch plate 3-11 of the adjustable torque clutch always act, and in the locking state, only the outer clutch plate 3-12 and the inner clutch plate 3-11 of the adjustable torque clutch act to prevent the slipping of threads due to difficult disassembly or damage of threads caused by over-tightening. In the loosening state, no ratchet pin 3-22 is additionally used for transmitting torque, the friction plate can slip to lead to the disassembly of the nut, the frame is not disassembled, the rotation direction of the gear 3-1 is opposite to that of the gear in the frame locking state, the ratchet pin 3-22 arranged on the gear 3-1 is clamped in a ratchet groove on the threaded shaft 3-2, the ratchet pin 3-22 drives the straight edge of the ratchet groove on the threaded shaft 3-2 to transmit torque, and the ratchet pin transmits torque to the threaded shaft 3-2 and the outer clutch plate 3-12 and the inner clutch plate 3-11 of the adjustable torque clutch simultaneously act to ensure the disassembly. The adjustable torque clutch acts to transfer torque in both states.
Claims (5)
1. The crusher is connected with an automatic dismounting device of a frame, and comprises a driving device, a roller bearing device with a gear, a torque-adjustable rotary screw device, a meshing gear coupling device with a nut, a horizontal cylinder device and a vertical cylinder device, wherein the driving device is arranged on a lower frame and is used for driving the roller bearing device with the gear, and the roller bearing device with the gear is arranged on the lower frame and is characterized in that: the torque-adjustable rotary screw device is uniformly arranged around the lower frame and is in gear transmission with the roller bearing device with the gear; the meshing gear coupling device with the nut is arranged in the upper frame, is in threaded connection with the corresponding torque-adjustable rotary screw device, and is provided with a horizontal cylinder device and a vertical cylinder device for controlling the meshing gear coupling device with the nut to be engaged and disengaged; the torque-adjustable rotary screw device comprises a gear, a threaded shaft, a screw support, a flange, a ratchet mechanism and an adjustable torque clutch, wherein the threaded shaft is fixed through the screw support and the flange, the gear is sleeved on the threaded shaft, the gear is in transmission connection with the threaded shaft through the adjustable torque clutch, and the gear is also in transmission with the threaded shaft through the ratchet mechanism;
The meshing gear coupling device with the nut comprises an upper gear clutch, a lower gear clutch, a key and a second spring, wherein the key is arranged on the lower gear clutch, the lower gear clutch is fixed on an upper frame through the key, the upper gear clutch is arranged on the lower gear clutch, a step pipe is connected to the lower part of the upper gear clutch, the step pipe penetrates through the lower gear clutch and is sleeved with the second spring, the second spring is supported through a step hole in the upper frame, and the upper gear clutch is provided with an internal threaded hole matched with the shaft end characteristic screw thread of the threaded shaft;
the roller bearing device with the gear comprises a bearing inner ring, balls, a toothed bearing outer ring and a ball fixing frame, wherein the balls are arranged between the bearing inner ring and the toothed bearing outer ring, and after the bearing inner ring, the balls and the toothed bearing outer ring are assembled, the balls are fixed by adopting the ball fixing frame;
the adjustable torque clutch consists of a clutch support sleeve, a first thrust bearing, an inner clutch plate, an outer clutch plate, a first spring, a spring supporting seat, a stop block and an adjusting screw, wherein the clutch support sleeve is sleeved on a threaded shaft;
The ratchet mechanism comprises a ratchet support, a ratchet pin, a ratchet spring and a ratchet cover, wherein step holes are uniformly distributed on the circumference of a non-tooth part of a gear, threaded connection holes are formed in the step holes, the center line of each step hole does not pass through the center of the gear hole, the ratchet support is arranged in the threaded connection holes through threads, the ratchet pin is arranged in the ratchet support, the head part of the ratchet pin extends to a threaded shaft in the center of the gear, the tail part of the ratchet pin is sleeved with the ratchet spring, the ratchet spring is sealed in the ratchet support through the ratchet cover, a ratchet is arranged on the threaded shaft, ratchet grooves are distributed on the ratchet, each ratchet groove comprises a transmission edge, a transition circular arc and a non-transmission sliding edge, and a transition circular arc is arranged between the non-transmission sliding edge and the transmission edge; the driving edge is parallel to the center of the ratchet pin, and the non-driving sliding edge is perpendicular to the center of the ratchet pin.
2. The automatic dismounting device for the crusher connected frames according to claim 1, wherein: the upper part of the threaded shaft is provided with shaft end characteristic threads, the threaded shaft is provided with spline characteristics matched with the inner clutch plates, the spline characteristics and the inner clutch plates transmit torque through friction force, the threaded shaft is provided with square holes in sliding fit with the stop blocks, and the lower end of the threaded shaft is provided with threaded holes for installing adjusting screws.
3. The automatic dismounting device for the crusher connected frames according to claim 1, wherein: the horizontal cylinder device comprises a horizontal cylinder shaft, a horizontal cylinder barrel, a horizontal cylinder front cover support, a third bolt, a first pipe joint, a first sensor support, a first sensor, a first sensing probe and a first sensor rod, wherein the horizontal cylinder shaft is arranged in the horizontal cylinder barrel and sealed through a first O-shaped ring, two first pipe joints are arranged on the side wall of the horizontal cylinder barrel and used as air inlet/outlet interfaces, the horizontal cylinder front cover support is arranged at the front end of the horizontal cylinder barrel, the horizontal cylinder front cover support is locked with the horizontal cylinder barrel through a third gasket, the third bolt and a first nut, the first sensor support and the first sensor rod are arranged at the rear end of the horizontal cylinder barrel, the first sensor rod is connected with the horizontal cylinder shaft, the first sensing probe is arranged on the first sensor rod, the first sensor support is arranged at the front end and the rear end of the first sensor support through a second nut, the first sensor is respectively arranged at the two ends of the first sensor support, and the front end of the horizontal cylinder shaft is conical and matched with the upper tooth guide conical surface clutch.
4. The automatic dismounting device for the crusher connected frames according to claim 1, wherein: the vertical cylinder device comprises a vertical cylinder shaft, a vertical cylinder barrel, a vertical cylinder front cover support, a second sensor and a second sensing probe, wherein the vertical cylinder shaft is arranged in the vertical cylinder barrel and is sealed through a second O-shaped ring, the vertical cylinder front cover support is fixed with the vertical cylinder barrel through a fourth gasket, a third nut and a fifth bolt, a second pipe joint for air inlet/outlet is arranged on the side wall of the vertical cylinder barrel, a floating pressing plate is arranged at the front end of the vertical cylinder shaft, a second sensor rod is arranged at the rear end of the vertical cylinder shaft, the second sensor rod extends out of the vertical cylinder barrel and is provided with the second sensing probe at the end part of the second sensor rod, the second sensor support is arranged at the tail part of the vertical cylinder barrel through a sixth bolt, and at least two second sensors are arranged on the second sensor support through the fourth nut.
5. An automatic dismounting method for a crusher connected frame is characterized by comprising the following steps: an automatic dismounting device for a crusher connecting frame using any one of claims 1-4; a roller bearing device with a gear and a torque-adjustable rotary screw device are arranged on the lower frame, a meshing gear coupling device with a nut, a horizontal cylinder device and a vertical cylinder device are arranged on the upper frame, and the roller bearing device with the gear is driven by a driving device so as to drive the torque-adjustable rotary screw device; when in clamping installation, the meshing gear coupling device with the nut is meshed through the vertical air cylinder device, and the torque-adjustable rotary screw device enables the nut of the meshing gear coupling device with the nut to be in threaded transmission with the torque-adjustable rotary screw device through the torque-adjustable clutch transmission torque, so that the upper frame and the lower frame relatively move to be clamped; when the vertical cylinder device is loosened, the horizontal cylinder device is retracted, the vertical cylinder device stretches out to compress the meshing gear coupling device with the nut, the meshing gear coupling device with the nut is meshed, the torque-adjustable rotary screw device enables the nut of the meshing gear coupling device with the nut to be in threaded transmission with the torque-adjustable rotary screw device through the torque-adjustable clutch and the ratchet mechanism, so that the upper frame and the lower frame relatively move to be loosened, when the vertical cylinder device is loosened to be separated, the horizontal cylinder device is retracted, the vertical cylinder device stretches out, the meshing gear coupling device with the nut is meshed through the vertical cylinder device, the torque-adjustable rotary screw device continues to transmit the torque through the torque-adjustable clutch and the ratchet mechanism, the nut of the meshing gear coupling device with the nut is separated from the torque-adjustable rotary screw, and then the upper frame is lifted away.
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| CN201910376485.7A CN110052819B (en) | 2019-05-07 | 2019-05-07 | Automatic dismounting device and method for crusher connected frame |
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| CN207628475U (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-07-20 | 南昌矿山机械有限公司 | Multicylinder hydraulic spindle breaker drive ring limiting device |
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| GB2032822B (en) * | 1978-10-03 | 1982-08-25 | Pilgrim Eng Dev | Stud manipulating device |
| SU795855A1 (en) * | 1979-03-28 | 1981-01-15 | Специализированное Конструкторскоебюро По Механизации И Автоматизациислесарно-Сборочных Работ | Apparatus for assembling pack with tractor tanks |
| CN201720076U (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2011-01-26 | 海盐县通惠地质矿山机械有限公司 | Fixed tooth plate locking device of hydraulic cone crusher |
| CN204504691U (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-07-29 | 朱桂林 | A kind of jacking system of torsion bar press-in equipment |
| CN106541363B (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2018-07-10 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Locking nut tighten and back off tool |
| CN108000127B (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2019-05-17 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of aircraft engine high pressure rotor seal pan postposition nut tightening device and method |
| CN109079475B (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2020-08-11 | 南昌矿山机械有限公司 | Method for assembling main shaft of multi-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher |
| CN109093557B (en) * | 2018-09-22 | 2021-05-25 | 中船澄西船舶修造有限公司 | Gear disassembling tool |
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| US4773289A (en) * | 1985-04-26 | 1988-09-27 | S. A. Serac | Torque wrench device |
| CN207628475U (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-07-20 | 南昌矿山机械有限公司 | Multicylinder hydraulic spindle breaker drive ring limiting device |
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