CN110052315B

CN110052315B - Cutter cooling system of shredder

Info

Publication number: CN110052315B
Application number: CN201910170700.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钱鹏飞; 顾振业; 彭林; 顾书豪; 夏鹏; 刘阳; 谢方伟; 林蒙
Original assignee: Jiangsu University
Current assignee: Yangzhong Fanglue Technology Consulting Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-03-07
Filing date: 2019-03-07
Publication date: 2021-02-12
Anticipated expiration: 2039-03-07
Also published as: CN110052315A

Abstract

The invention provides a cutter cooling system of a shredder, wherein a plurality of cutters are arranged on a cutter main shaft through a cutter head, a flow distribution shaft fixed with a shredding bin shell penetrates into a central hole of the cutter main shaft, a plurality of nozzles are arranged on the surface of the cutter head, a flow distribution groove is arranged on the surface of the flow distribution shaft, a first channel is arranged between any one of the nozzles and the central hole, and the plurality of first channels are communicated with the flow distribution groove in sequence through the rotation of the cutter main shaft; the distribution groove is connected with a cooling system. The spray angles of the nozzles are aligned to the cutters and correspond to one another. And the two ends of the central hole support the flow distribution shaft through bearings, and the flow distribution shaft is in clearance fit with the central hole. The distribution groove is a key groove with two ends not communicated with two end faces of the distribution shaft. The invention can reduce the temperature of the cutter, relieve the thermal abrasion of parts in the shredding bin, ensure that the shredder can work stably for a long time and improve the production efficiency of the shredder.

Description

Cutter cooling system of shredder

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of shredder equipment or cutter cooling, in particular to a cutter cooling system of a shredder.

Background

Shredders, also known as roll-to-roll shredders, are commonly used to shred waste materials such as wood, rubber, plastic, and waste pipe. The shredder mainly comprises a blade main shaft, a fixed knife, a bearing box body, a box body bracket, a feeding system, a pushing system and an electric appliance control system. In the working process of the shredder, as the cutter continuously tears the material, the temperature in the shredding bin can be gradually increased due to the heat generated by the friction of the cutter and the material. If the cutter continues to work under the high-temperature condition, the metal surface of the cutter can generate a violent oxidation phenomenon, so that the mechanical property of the cutter and the geometric dimension of the part in the shredder bin are influenced, and even the surface of the part in the shredder bin can be burnt, so that the temperature in the working process of the shredder becomes an important index influencing the working stability and the service life of the shredder.

Therefore, in order to ensure the normal and stable operation of the shredder, the shredder must have good heat dissipation performance, so a cooling system needs to be designed for the shredder. According to investigation, the traditional shredder cutter cooling method comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that a through hole is formed in a cutter main shaft, then cooling liquid is introduced into the through hole, and heat generated in the shredding process is taken away through the circulating flow of the cooling liquid in the cutter main shaft, so that the temperature of a shredding bin is reduced, but the method mainly takes away the heat of the cutter main shaft, cannot directly cool a heat source, namely a cutter, and is not ideal in cooling effect; the other method is to cool the shredding bin by air, dry cold compressed air is introduced into the shredding bin to reduce the temperature of the cutter, but the cooling by adopting the method can generate a large amount of dust in the ambient air, which is harmful to the health of workers, and the cooling effect is not obvious.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a shredder cutter cooling system which can reduce the temperature of a cutter, relieve the thermal wear of parts in a shredding bin, ensure that a shredder can work stably for a long time and improve the production efficiency of the shredder.

The present invention achieves the above-described object by the following technical means.

A plurality of cutters are mounted on a cutter main shaft through a cutter disc, a flow distribution shaft fixed with a shredding bin shell penetrates into a central hole of the cutter main shaft, a plurality of nozzles are mounted on the surface of the cutter disc, a flow distribution groove is formed in the surface of the flow distribution shaft, a first channel is arranged between any one of the nozzles and the central hole, and the plurality of first channels are communicated with the flow distribution groove in sequence through rotation of the cutter main shaft; the distribution groove is connected with a cooling system.

Further, the spray angles of the nozzles are aligned with the cutters and correspond to one another.

Furthermore, the two ends of the central hole support the flow distribution shaft through bearings, and the flow distribution shaft is in clearance fit with the central hole.

Furthermore, the distribution groove is a key groove, two ends of which are not communicated with two end surfaces of the distribution shaft.

Furthermore, one end of the valve shaft is provided with a toothed disc, and the excircle of the toothed disc is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves; the shredding bin shell is provided with a positioning boss, and the positioning boss is matched with the positioning boss through a positioning groove, so that the angle of the distribution groove in the working process can be determined.

Further, a temperature sensor is arranged near any one of the cutters and used for detecting the temperature of the cutters.

Further, the cooling system comprises a hydraulic pump, a proportional throttle valve and an electromagnetic overflow valve, the distributing groove is connected with the proportional throttle valve, and the proportional throttle valve is respectively communicated with the electromagnetic overflow valve and the hydraulic pump.

Further, the proportional throttle valve further comprises a controller, and the controller controls the opening of the proportional throttle valve according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the cutter cooling system of the shredder, the cooling liquid directly impacts the cutter through the nozzle on the cutter main shaft, so that the temperature of the cutter is rapidly reduced, and the cooling effect is good.

2. According to the cutter cooling system of the shredder, the use of the flow distribution shaft ensures that the cooling liquid only sprays the cutter which just completes shredding work, so that the consumption of the cooling liquid is saved.

3. According to the cutter cooling system of the shredder, the opening of the proportional throttle valve is controlled according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor, the cooling system starts to work immediately after the temperature of the cutter rises to a target value, and the flow of the cooling liquid changes along with the change of the temperature of the cutter, so that the temperature of the cutter is controlled within a certain range, and the shredder can work for a long time.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a shredder shredding bin according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional view of a tool spindle according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a tool spindle according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the nozzle installation of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is an internal cross-sectional view of a tool spindle according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional view of a port shaft according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional view of a nozzle according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a cooling system according to the present invention.

In the figure:

1-a shredder shredding bin; 2-a cutter assembly; 3-shredding the bin shell; 4-rotating conductive slip rings; 5-a pipeline; 6-pipe joint; 7-positioning the boss; 8-a bearing; 9-a tool spindle; 10-a cutter; 11-a bolt; 12-a cutter head; 13-a port shaft; 14-a nozzle; 15-blind holes; 16-a temperature sensor; 17-a first orifice; 18-nozzle hole; 19-a central hole; 20-sealing ring; 21-a distributing groove; 22-a second orifice; 23-a third aperture; 24-a positioning groove; 25-mounting holes; 26-a liquid storage tank; 27-a hydraulic pump; 28-proportional throttle valve; 29-a controller; 30-an electromagnetic overflow valve; 31-first channel.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the shredder in the present embodiment is embodied as a horizontal shredder, and the shredder bin 1 has a cutter assembly 2 and a shredder bin housing 3 therein. The tool assembly 2 comprises a tool spindle 9, a tool 10 and a bolt 11. Two cutter main shafts 9 are parallelly installed on the shredding bin shell 3, a cutter disc 12 is arranged on the cutter main shafts 9, and the cutters 10 are fixed on the cutter disc 12 through bolts 11.

As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the present invention lies in that the cutter spindle 9 is a hollow spindle, a port shaft 13 fixed with the shredding chamber housing 3 penetrates into a central hole 19 of the cutter spindle 9, a plurality of nozzles 14 are installed on the surface of the cutter disc 12, and the nozzles 14 are aligned with the cutters 10 in a one-to-one correspondence manner. The surface of the valve shaft 13 is provided with a valve groove 21, a first channel 31 is arranged between any nozzle 14 and the central hole 19, and the plurality of first channels 31 are communicated with the valve groove 21 in sequence through the rotation of the cutter main shaft 9; the distribution groove 21 is connected to a cooling system. The two ends of the central hole 19 support the port shaft 13 through the bearings 8, and the port shaft 13 is in clearance fit with the central hole 19. And a sealing ring 20 is arranged between the tool main shaft 9 and the valve shaft 13 and used for preventing the leakage of cooling liquid.

As shown in fig. 3, each cutter head 12 is provided with a nozzle hole 18, and the nozzle 14 is placed in the nozzle hole 18 by screwing, the nozzle 14 being directed toward the cutter 10, so that the cooling liquid is sprayed onto the cutter 10 only through the nozzle 14. The nozzle hole 18 communicates with the center hole 19 through a first passage 31. As shown in fig. 7, the nozzle 14 is provided with two symmetrical mounting holes 25, and the lower part of the nozzle 14 is provided with an external thread.

As shown in fig. 6, the valve shaft 13 has a valve groove 21, a second small hole 22 and a valve groove 24. The distribution groove 21 is a key groove with two ends not communicated with two end surfaces of the distribution shaft 13. One end of the flow distribution shaft 13 is provided with a toothed disc, and the outer circle of the toothed disc is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves 24; the tearing bin shell 3 is provided with the positioning boss 7, the angle of the distribution groove 21 on the distribution shaft 13 in the working process can be determined through the matching of the positioning groove 24 and the positioning boss 7 on the tearing bin shell 3, and the system can be guaranteed to spray and cool only the cutter 10 which just completes the cutting task through adjusting the angle of the distribution groove 21. The second small hole 22 is located at one end of the distributing shaft 13, the distributing groove 21 is provided with a third small hole 23 communicated with the second small hole 22, and the cooling liquid flows into the distributing groove 21 through the second small hole 22 and the third small hole 23. In actual operation of the shredder, the tool spindle 9 rotates, while the port shaft 13 does not follow the rotation. Under the action of pressure, the coolant is sprayed from the distribution groove 21 through the nozzle 14 on the tool spindle 9 onto the tool 10. In the initial state, the distribution groove 21 is positioned to communicate only with the nozzles 14 of the cutters 10 entering the shredding operation, so that the nozzles 14 of the next cutter 10 entering the shredding operation communicate with the distribution groove 21 by the rotation of the cutter main shaft 9, so that the coolant can be concentrated on the cutters 10 entering the shredding operation.

As shown in fig. 8, the cooling system includes a liquid storage tank 26, a hydraulic pump 27, a proportional throttle valve 28 and an electromagnetic overflow valve 30, the liquid storage tank 26 is connected to the hydraulic pump 27, the hydraulic pump 27 is respectively connected to the proportional throttle valve 28 and the electromagnetic overflow valve 30, the proportional throttle valve 28 is communicated with a pipeline 5, and the pipeline 5 is communicated with the second small hole 22 through a pipe joint 6; the electromagnetic overflow valve 30 is in a pressure regulating and pressure stabilizing overflow state.

A temperature sensor 16 is mounted adjacent to any one of the tools 10 for sensing the temperature of the tool 10. The controller 29 controls the opening degree of the proportional throttle valve 28 in accordance with the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 16. The temperature sensor 16 is of a thermocouple type and is connected with the rotary conductive slip ring 4 through a first small hole 17 and a blind hole 15 on the cutter spindle 9, the rotary conductive slip ring 4 is connected with a controller 29, and the temperature sensor 16 is arranged between the cutter 10 and the cutter head 12; the controller 29 controls the power failure condition of the electromagnetic valve in the electromagnetic overflow valve 30 according to the temperature measured by the thermocouple and applies corresponding control signals to the proportional throttle valve 28, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the flow of the cooling liquid.

The control principle of the cooling system of the invention is as follows: first, a target tool temperature and a target temperature error range are set in advance in the controller 29. For example, the target temperature is 50 ℃ and the error range of the target temperature is + -1 ℃. When the shredder is just started to prepare for work, if the temperature sensor 16 detects that the temperature of the cutter 10 is lower than 50 ℃, the electromagnetic overflow valve 30 unloads the pump, the valve port of the proportional throttle valve 33 is in a full-closed state, and no cooling liquid is injected.

If the temperature sensor 16 detects that the cutter temperature of the cutter 10 exceeds 50 ℃, the electromagnetic overflow valve 30 plays a role in pressure regulation and stabilization, meanwhile, the proportional throttle valve 28 immediately regulates the opening of the regulating valve port to be 100% full open under the control signal of the controller 29, the cooling liquid is conveyed to the nozzle 14 through the hydraulic pump 27 and is sprayed onto the cutter 10, and at the moment, the flow rate of the cooling liquid is maximum, and the cooling effect is strongest. Normally, when the temperature of the tool 10 is stabilized at a specific value higher than the coolant temperature and lower than the target temperature of the tool, the opening of the valve port of the proportional throttle valve 28 is gradually decreased, the temperature of the tool 10 is gradually increased back until the temperature is stabilized within the target temperature range (e.g., 49-51 ℃), and if the temperature of the tool 10 is not increased back, the opening of the valve port of the proportional throttle valve 28 is further decreased until the temperature is completely closed. In particular cases, if the tool 10 temperature is above the tool target temperature, indicating that the coolant flow is too small to cool the tool, a proportional throttle 28 is required to increase the coolant pressure or change the flow rate.

The cutter temperature is stabilized at the target temperature through the cooling system, so that the service life of the cutter 10 is prolonged, the shredder is ensured to work stably for a long time, and cooling liquid is saved. In addition, still be equipped with filter equipment in shredder bottom for to the recycle of coolant liquid, energy-concerving and environment-protective.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cutter cooling system of a shredder is characterized in that a plurality of cutters (10) are mounted on a cutter spindle (9) through a cutter head (12), a flow distribution shaft (13) fixed with a shredding bin shell (3) penetrates into a center hole (19) of the cutter spindle (9), a plurality of nozzles (14) are mounted on the surface of the cutter head (12), a flow distribution groove (21) is formed in the surface of the flow distribution shaft (13), and the two ends of the flow distribution groove (21) are key grooves which are not communicated with the two end faces of the flow distribution shaft (13); a first channel (31) is arranged between any one of the nozzles (14) and the central hole (19), and the first channels (31) are communicated with the distributing groove (21) in sequence through the rotation of the cutter main shaft (9); the distribution groove (21) is connected with a cooling system;

a temperature sensor (16) is arranged near any one cutter (10) and used for detecting the temperature of the cutter (10), the cooling system comprises a hydraulic pump (27), a proportional throttle valve (28), a controller (29) and an electromagnetic overflow valve (30), the distributing groove (21) is connected with the proportional throttle valve (28), and the proportional throttle valve (28) is respectively communicated with the electromagnetic overflow valve (30) and the hydraulic pump (27); the controller (29) controls the opening of the proportional throttle valve (28) in accordance with the temperature detected by the temperature sensor (16).

2. The shredder cutter cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the nozzles (14) spray at an angle directed at the cutters (10) and in a one-to-one correspondence.

3. The shredder cutter cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the central bore (19) supports the port shaft (13) at both ends via bearings (8), the port shaft (13) being a clearance fit with the central bore (19).

4. The shredder cutter cooling system according to claim 1, wherein one end of the port shaft (13) is provided with a toothed disc, the outer circumference of which is provided with a plurality of positioning slots (24); be equipped with location boss (7) on shredding storehouse casing (3), through the cooperation of constant head tank (24) and location boss (7) for confirm the angle of during operation distribution groove (21).