CN110051929A - Implantation detection circuit, implantation detection method and the device of cardiac pacing system - Google Patents
Implantation detection circuit, implantation detection method and the device of cardiac pacing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110051929A CN110051929A CN201910472944.1A CN201910472944A CN110051929A CN 110051929 A CN110051929 A CN 110051929A CN 201910472944 A CN201910472944 A CN 201910472944A CN 110051929 A CN110051929 A CN 110051929A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/362—Heart stimulators
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/362—Heart stimulators
- A61N1/37—Monitoring; Protecting
- A61N1/3706—Pacemaker parameters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of implantation detection circuit of cardiac pacing system, implantation detection device and methods.The implantation detection circuit includes the detection module connecting with pacing circuitry and voltage comparison module, detection module for successively detect pacemaker impulse electric discharge before and electric discharge after voltage and export pacemaker impulse electric discharge front and back voltage differential signal, voltage comparison module is for judging whether voltage difference is more than preset threshold voltage, voltage comparison module is also connect with the control module of cardiac pacing system, and comparison result is transmitted to control module.Compared with tradition is implanted into detection technique, the implantation detection circuit of cardiac pacemaker system of the present invention does not need precise measurement current value or electrode impedance or voltage difference, helps to reduce design difficulty, simplifies circuit structure.Further, the detection module can be by realizing that detection accuracy is high, and structure is simple, and power consumption is lower with the detection capacitor of specific connection relationship and four switch elements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to integrated circuit fields more particularly to a kind of implantation detection circuits of cardiac pacing system, implantation inspection
Device and method are surveyed, a kind of readable storage medium storing program for executing and cardiac pacing system are additionally related to.
Background technique
The indication or function of cardiac pacing system from last century the fifties invention either its treatment so far have
Develop on a large scale very much, in addition to pacing function, cardiac pacing system is also used for various diagnostic techniques relevant to arrhythmia cordis.
Well known cardiac pacing system includes pacemaker (cardiac pacemaker) and electrode cable, pacemaker and electricity
Polar conductor is implanted human body in implant surgery, and pacemaker is battery powered, and can pass through impulse generator when needed
The small electric pulse (i.e. pacemaker impulse) of energy is provided by battery to heart granting, by the conduction of electrode cable, paces arteries and veins
Punching is passed to heart, the cardiac muscle that the electrode of stimulating electrode conducting wire is contacted, and makes heart excitement and shrinks, thus reach treatment by
In the purpose of certain arrhythmia caused heart dysfunctions.
In the manufacturing process of cardiac pacing system, staff needs to carry out performance inspection to pacing circuitry and all parts
It surveys, is required with meeting factory.In addition after factory, Pacemaker implantation operation is implemented by doctor, by pacemaker and electrode cable
It is implanted into the internal of patient.The process being specifically implanted into generally comprises local anaesthesia, venipuncture (being put into seal wire), is put into electricity through vein
Polar conductor is simultaneously tested, makes the step of pouch is placed into pacemaker and suture.After implantation test and factory before factory
Pacemaker implantation operation in, in order to improve implantation efficiency and accuracy, medical treatment electronic equipment is made full use of to simplify implant procedure
The trend of development is had become, wherein being required to detection pacemaker after being put into electrode cable and merging pacemaker and electrode being led
Line and cardiac muscle whether form current loop (hereinafter referred to as circuit) judge cardiac pacing system whether be implanting state plant
Enter detection technique and belongs to important one of automation function.
The implantation detection technique of traditional cardiac pacing system includes two kinds.One is pass through measurement pacing electrode position
Impedance value detects whether pacemaker has electrode load, when the value for the electrode impedance measured then shows to pace within the set range
Device has electrode load, and then judges that pacing electrode is connect with cardiac muscle, and pacemaker and electrode cable and cardiac muscle form circuit, the i.e. heart
Dirty pacing system is implanting state.The mode of this measuring electrode impedance, amplitude and width to pacemaker impulse have certain want
It asks, and needs first to detect change of the high pace-making vector (reaching as high as 7.5V) after pulsed discharge, in order to accurately survey
This change is measured, is needed to configure with the analog-digital converter compared with high-resolution precision, electricity will be paced with analog-digital converter
The analog quantity of pressure is converted into digital quantity to facilitate subsequent calculating and data storage.But analog-digital converter needs mating sampling electricity
Road, amplifying circuit, comparison circuit and control logic circuit etc., complex circuit designs, power consumption are larger.
Another implantation detection technique of conventional cardiac pacing system is by measurement pacemaker, electrode cable and myocardium group
At the total current in circuit whether increase and determine whether pacemaker has electrode load.In order to judge whether total current increases, lead to
Often need to increase the resistance of concatenation in power supply and pacemaker operating circuit, by the electric current measured in the resistance whether increase come
Determine whether pacing electrode connect with cardiac muscle.When determining that pacing electrode connect with cardiac muscle, pacemaker and electrode cable and cardiac muscle shape
At circuit, i.e., after cardiac pacing system is implanting state, which can be shorted the resistance by additional circuit.
This detection technique needs additionally increase precision resister component outside piece on pacemaker circuits plate and are arranged for detecting
The post processing circuitry of curent change increases the design difficulty of circuit, and power consumption is larger.
Therefore, the implantation detection technique of traditional cardiac pacing system, circuit structure is complicated, and power consumption is higher, is unfavorable for the heart
The design of the long-life of dirty pacing system.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of implantation detection circuit of cardiac pacing system, for detecting the implantation shape of cardiac pacing system
State does not need to obtain accurate current value, electrode impedance value or voltage difference, helps to simplify circuit structure, it is difficult to reduce design
Degree.In addition the present invention also provides the implantation detection method and device and a kind of cardiac pacing system and one of cardiac pacing system
Kind readable storage medium storing program for executing.
According to the first aspect of the invention, a kind of implantation detection circuit of cardiac pacing system, the implantation detection are provided
Circuit includes:
Detection module, the detection module are electrically connected with the pacing circuitry of the cardiac pacing system, for first post-sampling
Voltage and voltage after electric discharge before the electric discharge of the pacemaker impulse of pacing circuitry granting, and output pacemaker impulse electric discharge front and back
Voltage differential signal；And voltage comparison module, it is electrically connected with the detection module, for pacemaker impulse electric discharge front and back
Voltage difference and preset threshold voltage, and export comparison result, the voltage comparison module also with the cardiac pacing system
Control module connection, the comparison result is transmitted to the control mould of the cardiac pacing system by the voltage comparison module
Block.
Optionally, the pace-making capacitance connection of the detection module and the pacing circuitry, the detection module detect respectively
The voltage that the pace-making capacitor stores after the voltage and electric discharge stored before pacemaker impulse discharges, to sample the pace-making electricity respectively
Voltage and voltage after electric discharge before the electric discharge of road granting pacemaker impulse.
Optionally, the detection module includes detection capacitor, first switching element, second switch element, third switch member
Part and the 4th switch element, wherein the first switching element is connected between the first end and ground of the detection capacitor, institute
It states second switch element to be connected between the second end and ground of the detection capacitor, the third switch element and the described 4th is opened
Element in parallel is closed to be connected between the first end of the detection capacitor and the second end of the pace-making capacitor, the pace-making capacitor
The second end of first end ground connection, the detection capacitor connects the voltage comparison module.
Optionally, the voltage comparison module includes voltage comparator, the first input end of the voltage comparator and institute
The second end connection of detection capacitor is stated, the second input terminal of the voltage comparator accesses the threshold voltage.
Optionally, the detection capacitor is on-chip capacitance device.
Optionally, the implantation detection circuit is Integrated design in full sheet.
Optionally, the first switching element, second switch element, third switch element and the 4th switch element be extremely
Few one uses one of triode, MOSFET, JFET and IGBT.
According to the second aspect of the invention, a kind of implantation detection method of cardiac pacemaker system is provided, above-mentioned plant is utilized
Enter detection circuit, the implantation detection method includes the following steps successively executed in a pacemaker impulse sending cycle:
First time period before pacemaker impulse transmission, only turns on first switching element and second switch element, makes
The first end and second end for detecting capacitor is shorted；Second time period before pacemaker impulse transmission, the pace-making capacitor
The voltage of second end is voltage before the electric discharge of the pacemaker impulse, only turns on second switch element and third switch element, is sampled
Voltage before the electric discharge makes voltage before the voltage electric discharge of the first end of the detection capacitor, described to detect the of capacitor
The voltage at two ends is 0；The voltage of third period after pacemaker impulse transmission, the second end of the pace-making capacitor are institute
Voltage after the electric discharge of pacemaker impulse is stated, the 4th switch element is only turned on, samples voltage after the electric discharge, makes the detection electricity
The voltage of the first end of appearance be the electric discharge after voltage, it is described detection capacitor second end voltage be the electric discharge before voltage and
The inverse value of the voltage difference of voltage after the electric discharge；And whether it is greater than setting using the voltage comparison module voltage difference
Threshold voltage, and export comparison result, wherein when the voltage difference is greater than preset threshold voltage, when the voltage difference is big
When the threshold voltage, otherwise it is non-implanting state that the cardiac pacing system, which is implanting state,.
According to the third aspect of the invention we, a kind of readable storage medium storing program for executing is provided, computer instruction is stored thereon with, when described
When computer instruction is executed by processor, the implantation detection method of above-mentioned cardiac pacing system is executed.
According to the fourth aspect of the invention, a kind of implantation detection device of cardiac pacing system, the implantation detection are provided
Device includes above-mentioned implantation detection circuit and/or above-mentioned readable storage medium storing program for executing.
According to the fifth aspect of the invention, a kind of cardiac pacing system, including above-mentioned implantation detection circuit are provided.
The implantation detection circuit of cardiac pacing system provided by the invention, the implantation detection circuit include detection module and
Voltage comparison module, the detection module are electrically connected with pacing circuitry, the pacemaker impulse for first post-sampling pacing circuitry granting
Electric discharge before voltage after voltage and electric discharge, and the voltage differential signal of output pacemaker impulse electric discharge front and back, the voltage ratio
It is connect compared with module with the detection module, the voltage difference and preset threshold value electricity for pacemaker impulse electric discharge front and back
Pressure, and comparison result is exported, the voltage comparison module is also connect with the control module of cardiac pacing system, and the voltage compares
The comparison result is transmitted to the control module of cardiac pacing system by module.Compared with tradition is implanted into detection technique, the present invention
The implantation detection circuit of cardiac pacemaker system does not need the current value or electricity in precise measurement cardiac pacing system pacing circuitry
Voltage difference before and after pole impedance value or pulsed discharge helps to reduce design difficulty, simplifies circuit structure.
Further, in the implantation detection circuit of cardiac pacing system provided by the invention, detection module includes detection electricity
Appearance, first switching element, second switch element, third switch element and the 4th switch element, the first switching element connect
It connects between the first end and ground of detection capacitor, the second switch element is connected to the second end and ground of the detection capacitor
Between, the third switch element and the 4th switch element are connected in the first end of the detection capacitor in parallel and pace capacitor
Second end between, it is described detection capacitor second end connect voltage comparison module, the voltage comparison module may include electricity
Press comparator.In above-mentioned implantation detection circuit, detection module can be measured in real time each pacemaker impulse of pacemaker granting,
It is easy to use, also, second end of the voltage differential signal through detecting capacitor of the pacemaker impulse electric discharge front and back of detection module output is straight
It connects input voltage comparison module to be compared, avoids quantization error, high-precision may be implemented and detect.In addition, with traditional implantation
Detection technique is compared, and above-mentioned implantation detection circuit does not need analog-digital converter and support circuit, does not also need to increase additionally
The outer discrete component of piece and support circuit, structure is simple, helps to reduce power consumption, above-mentioned implantation detection circuit can use piece
Upper fully integrated implementation, helps to reduce cost, while can reduce the design complexities of hybrid circuit board, increases reliable
Property.
The implantation detection method of cardiac pacing system provided by the invention is paced using above-mentioned implantation detection circuit at one
The electric discharge that pulse period was successively initialized, sampled voltage before the electric discharge of pacemaker impulse to detection capacitor, samples pacemaker impulse
The step of voltage afterwards, and according to the second end of detection capacitor before the voltage after second of sampling reflects the electric discharge of pacemaker impulse
The characteristics of rear voltage difference, whether it is greater than preset threshold voltage using the voltage comparator circuit voltage difference, to obtain
Cardiac pacing system whether be implanting state information.Computer instruction in the readable storage medium storing program for executing is simple using structure
Implantation detection circuit realize the automatic implantation detection of cardiac pacing system, detection accuracy is high, low in energy consumption, while the electricity of circuit
Flow it is lower, facilitate extend cardiac pacing system service life.
Readable storage medium storing program for executing provided by the invention when the computer instruction stored thereon is executed by processor, executes above-mentioned
It is implanted into detection method, thus is had the advantages that same or like with above-mentioned implantation detection method.
The implantation detection device of cardiac pacing system provided by the invention, including above-mentioned implantation detection circuit and/or above-mentioned
Readable storage medium storing program for executing, thus also have the advantages that same or like with above-mentioned implantation detection circuit and readable storage medium storing program for executing.
Cardiac pacing system provided by the invention, including above-mentioned implantation detection circuit, thus have and detected with above-mentioned implantation
The same or like advantage of circuit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the voltage waveform view of single pacemaker impulse in one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the implantation detection circuit of one embodiment of the invention cardiac pacing system.
Fig. 3 is the control signal of the pacing control signal of pacing circuitry and implantation detection circuit in one embodiment of the invention
Timing diagram.
Fig. 4 is that readable storage medium storing program for executing computer performed by a pacemaker impulse period in one embodiment of the invention refers to
The flow chart of order.
Description of symbols:
100- is implanted into detection circuit；110- detection module；120- voltage comparison module.
Specific embodiment
The implantation detection circuit of cardiac pacing system of the invention, implantation are detected below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments
Method and apparatus are described in further detail.According to following explanation, advantages and features of the invention will be become apparent from.It should be noted
It is that attached drawing is all made of very simplified form and using non-accurate ratio, only to facilitate, lucidly aid in illustrating this hair
The purpose of bright embodiment.
The physiological foundation of cardiac pacing system is that cardiac muscle can generate contractile response to the stimulation of any type of electric current, benefit
With this point, the pacemaker of cardiac pacing system, which can according to need, gives stimulus of direct current to the heart of illness, artificially makes the heart
It is dirty normally to get up.It is (or permanent or bury that cardiac pacing system can be divided into external temporary cardiac pacing type and implanted in form
Formula) two kinds, the former supplies long-term pacing therapy for first aid temporary cardiac pacing, the latter.The present embodiment mainly describes the implanted heart
Dirty pacemaker system, i.e., cardiac pacemaker system in general sense.
Cardiac pacing system generally includes pacemaker and electrode cable, and wherein pacemaker includes the arteries and veins of connection electrode conducting wire
Rush generator, wherein after head end (i.e. pacing electrode) the contact cardiac muscle of electrode cable, the output of impulse generator can be believed
Number guiding cardiac muscle into is paced, and the signal that the heart perceived itself is beaten can also be fed back to the control of cardiac pacing system
Module is to control the granting of pacemaker impulse.Cardiac pacing system is generally set to " transport before dispatching from the factory and being implanted into human body
Mode ", under " Transportation Model ", the transmission frequency of pacemaker impulse is the base frequency of pacemaker, about 60~70 beats/min
Clock.Generally, after pacemaker is implanted human body, suitable pacing parameter can be arranged according to the state of an illness of patient in doctor, and opens
Open the functions such as parameter measurement and data statistics.It, can be to pacemaker and electrode cable in the manufacturing process of cardiac pacing system
Implantation process simulated, to assess the performance of pacing system, wherein can be judged using manual or automatic detection circuit
Whether whether cardiac pacing system is implanting state, and implanting state refers to pacemaker, electrode cable and electrode cable herein
Head end contact " cardiac muscle " composition circuit state.
With the development of automatic technology, clinically in the implant surgery of pacemaker, in order to which the operation for reducing doctor is negative
Load and operating time, need whether pacemaker can touch patient's cardiac muscle by detecting electrode automatically, if electrode touches cardiac muscle, rise
It fights device operating circuit and electrode and cardiac muscle forms circuit, cardiac pacing system is implanting state at this time, is judging cardiac pacing
After system is implanting state, control module can control the switching that pacemaker carries out operating mode.In cardiac pacing system
System is after implanting state, as needed, the discharge loop formed by switch and electrode cable and cardiac muscle is electric to heart progress
Stimulation, so that heart, which generates, shrinks beating.
In the pacing circuitry of pacemaker, since the voltage of the battery as power supply is electric lower than the pace-making of impulse generator
Pressure, thus the pace-making vector that can be set, i.e. voltage V before the electric discharge of pacemaker impulse can be generated by booster circuitH1.The pace-making electricity
Road can also include a pace-making capacitor CH, the pace-making capacitor CHIt can be by voltage V before the electric discharge of each pacemaker impulseH1And it puts
Voltage V after electricityH2It stores.
Fig. 1 is the voltage waveform view of the single pacemaker impulse of one embodiment of the invention.Referring to Fig.1, specifically, rising
It fights before pulsed discharge, paces capacitor CHOn voltage be pacemaker impulse electric discharge before voltage VH1, after a pacemaker impulse discharges,
Pace capacitor CHOn voltage be changed into voltage V after the electric discharge of pacemaker impulseH2.Pace capacitor CHOn electric quantity change value be equal to
It fights the discharge current of pulse and the product of discharge time, can be indicated with formula (1):
Δ Q=C (VH1-VH2)=I* Δ t (1)
Wherein C is pace-making capacitor CHCapacitance, VH1For voltage (i.e. pace-making vector), V before the electric discharge of pacemaker impulseH2To rise
It fights voltage after the electric discharge of pulse, I is pace-making average current, and Δ t is pacemaker impulse width.
The impedance such as formula (2) of electrode in discharge loop can be derived from by above formula:
Wherein R is pace-making impedance loop, (VH1-VH2) be pacemaker impulse electric discharge front and back voltage difference.Usually it is implanted into electrode
Before, pacemaker impulse and pace-making capacitor CHIt is fixed, i.e. pace-making vector VH1, pacemaker impulse width Delta t, pace-making capacitor C be solid
Definite value, it is seen then that when electrode is not in contact with cardiac muscle is arrived, the discharge loop of pacemaker impulse is open circuit, and the impedance of the discharge loop is very big,
Therefore voltage difference (V of the pacemaker impulse before and after electric discharge at this timeH1-VH2) very little (referring to that the absolute value of voltage difference is small).Electrode just
After really touching cardiac muscle, the impedance of discharge loop reduces, at this time voltage difference (V of the pacemaker impulse before and after electric dischargeH1-VH2) become larger,
To the voltage difference (V of pacemaker impulse electric discharge front and backH1-VH2) can increase with the reduction of the impedance in pace-making circuit.When the voltage
When difference is more than preset threshold voltage, show that cardiac pacing system is implanting state.That is, pacemaker impulse is before and after electric discharge
Voltage difference can increase with the reduction of the impedance of discharge loop, thus by judging voltage of the pacemaker impulse before and after electric discharge
Difference variation can be determined that whether cardiac pacing system is implanting state, in addition, it is contemplated that pacemaker generally use be can not be more
The battery changed is powered, and decision process should low-power consumption as far as possible.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the implantation detection circuit of the cardiac pacing system of one embodiment of the invention.Reference Fig. 2, in order to
Voltage difference (V of the pacemaker impulse before and after electric discharge is accurately detected with low powerH1-VH2) variation, avoid using analog-digital converter etc.
Complicated circuit design, the implantation detection circuit 100 of the cardiac pacing system of the present embodiment include detection module 110 and voltage ratio
Compared with module 120, wherein the detection module 110 is connect with pacemaker, the detection module 110 is for successively detecting pacing circuitry
The voltage difference of voltage and voltage after electric discharge and output pacemaker impulse electric discharge front and back is believed before the electric discharge of the pacemaker impulse of granting
Number, the voltage comparison module 120 is connect with the detection module 110, for judging the electricity of pacemaker impulse electric discharge front and back
Whether pressure difference is more than preset threshold voltage, if so, judging that the cardiac pacing system for implanting state, is otherwise judged as non-
Implanting state.
In the present embodiment, pacemaker includes pace-making capacitor CH, before the electric discharge of each pacemaker impulse of the pacemaker granting
Voltage VH1The pace-making capacitor C is stored in voltage after electric dischargeH, the pace-making capacitor CHFirst end be connected to ground, the inspection
Module 110 is surveyed by detecting the pace-making capacitor CHVoltage (the corresponding voltage V of second endH) before electric discharge to obtain pacemaker impulse
Voltage VH1With voltage V after electric dischargeH2.In this way, voltage is adopted after can be convenient voltage before the electric discharge to pacemaker impulse and discharging
Sample improves sampling efficiency.In a further embodiment, detection module 110 can by with each pace-making is provided in pacing circuitry
Voltage V before the electric discharge of pulseH1With voltage V after electric dischargeH2Other voltage nodes electrical connection, to obtain putting for each pacemaker impulse
Voltage V before electricityH1With voltage V after electric dischargeH2。
Specifically, the detection module 110 of the implantation detection circuit 100 may include detection capacitor C referring to Fig. 2S,
One switch element S1, second switch element S2, third switch element S3 and the 4th switch element S4, wherein described first opens
It closes element S1 and is connected to the detection capacitor CSFirst end and ground between, the second switch element S2 is connected to the detection
Capacitor CSSecond end and ground between, the third switch element S3 and the 4th switch element S4 are connected in the inspection in parallel
Survey capacitor CSFirst end and pace-making capacitor CHSecond end between, the detection capacitor CSSecond end connect the voltage ratio
Compared with module 120.
Voltage comparison module 120 may include voltage comparator, and the circuit of voltage comparator passes through to defeated from two respectively
Two analog voltage signals for entering end input are compared, and output signal (COMP_OUT) is binary signal 0 or 1, when two
When the difference of the voltage of input terminal input increases or reduces and sign symbol is constant, output is still kept constant.The electricity of the present embodiment
Pressure comparison module 120 is used to judge whether the voltage difference of pacemaker impulse electric discharge front and back to be more than set threshold voltage, and then obtains
The information of the implanting state of cardiac pacing system is obtained, thus can use voltage comparator and come to the electricity before and after pacemaker impulse electric discharge
Pressure difference is compared with the size of preset threshold voltage.
In the present embodiment, capacitor C is detected in detection module 110SSecond end be used for export sampling pacemaker impulse discharge
The voltage difference of front and back, therefore, the first input end of the voltage comparator can be with the detection capacitor CSSecond end connection,
Second input terminal of the voltage comparator accesses the set threshold voltage Vth.For the sake of convenient, the first of capacitor Cs will test
The top crown as detection capacitor Cs is held, and will test the second end of capacitor Cs as bottom crown (corresponding output voltage Vp),
In, the top crown is connected to pace-making capacitor CHSecond end, the bottom crown is connected to the first input end of voltage comparator.
The detection capacitor CSPreferably on-chip capacitance device, on-chip capacitance device can semiconductor substrate (such as silicon substrate,
Silicon-on-insulator substrate or MULTILAYER SUBSTRATE including silicon, germanium silicon, germanium, iii v compound semiconductor and combinations thereof) on lead
Formed between electric layer, the electrode material of on-chip capacitance device can be metal (such as copper, titanium, tantalum) or conductive compound (such as
Titanium nitride, tantalum nitride) etc., the dielectric material between electrode is, for example, silica, hafnium oxide, oxidation, lead zirconate titanate (PZT), titanium
The materials such as sour strontium barium (BST).The sensitivity of detection is helped to improve using the design of on-chip capacitance device, reduces power consumption.Further
, the implantation detection circuit can be Integrated design in full sheet, it can for system on chip (System on a chip,
SoC), in full sheet in Integrated design, it will test module 110 and voltage comparison module 120 be integrated on a single die, on the one hand may be used
To reduce power consumption, the sensitivity of detection is improved, another aspect system on chip is complicated unlike traditional board design, but passes through
Accurate linguistic synthesis timing Design, calls the standard of processor in component inventory, it can delivers production, and facilitates realization
Software and hardware seamless combination, other functional modules can also be embedded in by being implanted on the chip of detection circuit.
Fig. 3 is the pacing control signal of the pacing circuitry of one embodiment of the invention and the control signal of implantation detection circuit
Timing diagram.Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the present embodiment further includes a kind of implantation detection method of cardiac pacemaker system, the implantation inspection
Survey method determines whether cardiac pacing system is implanting state in pacemaker impulse sending cycle using above-mentioned implantation detection circuit.Institute
State implantation detection method include the steps that it is following.
Firstly, being initialized before pacemaker impulse transmission to detection capacitor Cs.Specially sent in the pacemaker impulse
Preceding first time period (a period of time after t1 time point), only turns on first switching element S1 and second switch element S2, makes
The first end and second end for detecting capacitor Cs is shorted.
The pacemaker impulse refers to the pacemaker impulse to be detected.The implantation detection circuit of the present embodiment can be to pacemaker
The each pacemaker impulse provided before electrode implantation is detected, and also be can according to need and is only carried out to part pacemaker impulse
Detection, to reduce power consumption.In above-mentioned first time period, first switching element S1 and second switch element S2 (at this time is only turned on
Three switch element S3 and the 4th switch element S4 are off-state), it detects between the first end and second end and ground of capacitor Cs
Foring access, i.e. first end and second end is shorted, and detecting the net charge on the top crown and bottom crown of capacitor Cs at this time is 0,
First switching element S1 and second switch element S2 is disconnected after completing initialization.
Then, first time voltage sample is carried out.First time voltage sample is specially the before pacemaker impulse transmission
Two periods (a period of time after t2 time point) pace capacitor C at this timeHThe voltage of second end be that the pacemaker impulse being put
Voltage V before electricityH1, second switch element S2 and third switch element S3 are only turned on, it is electric before the electric discharge to sample the pacemaker impulse
Press VH1, make voltage V before the electric discharge of the voltage pacemaker impulse of the first end of the detection capacitor CsH1, the voltage of second end
It is 0.
Pace-making capacitor C is provided in the present embodiment, in pacing circuitryH, pace capacitor CHIt can store each pacemaker impulse
Voltage before electric discharge and after electric discharge paces capacitor CHFirst end ground connection, thus can make detect capacitor Cs first end with rise
Fight capacitor CHSecond end connection, voltage V before the electric discharge to obtain the pacemaker impulseH1, i.e. pace-making vector.Utilize the guarantor of capacitor
Characteristic is pressed, from pace-making capacitor CHVoltage before the electric discharge of the sampling pacemaker impulse to be detected and after electric discharge, helping to extend can adopt
The sample time.The pace-making vector is depending on the specification of pacemaker or design parameter, such as in 2V~7.5V range.
In first time voltage sample, second switch element S2 and third switch element S3 (first switch at this time are only turned on
Element S1 and the 4th switch element S4 is off-state), thus in the first end and pace-making capacitor C of detection capacitor CsHBetween shape
At access, the voltage of the first end of capacitor Cs is detected as voltage V before the electric discharge of pacemaker impulseH1, also, detect the of capacitor Cs
Access is also formed between two ends and ground, the voltage for detecting the second end of capacitor Cs is 0.Second after completion first time voltage sample
Switch element S2 and third switch element S3 is disconnected.
Pacemaker impulse is sent after first time voltage sample.In conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, it can control and complete from timing
After above-mentioned initialization and first time voltage sample (t3 time point), pacemaker impulse is sent by pacing control signal.Pace arteries and veins
The about 400 μ s of μ s~1500 of the pulse width of punching, can be depending on the specification of specific pacemaker or parameter.In the present embodiment,
After pulse is sent, voltage V after the electric discharge of pacemaker impulseH2It is also stored on pace-making capacitor CH, thus after the electric discharge of pacemaker impulse
Voltage VH2Capacitor C can also be paced at this time by samplingHSecond end voltage obtain.
Then, second of voltage sample is carried out.The third period referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, after pacemaker impulse transmission
(a period of time after t4 time point) paces capacitor CHSecond end voltage be the pacemaker impulse electric discharge after voltage VH2,
Only turning on the 4th switch element S4, (first switching element S1, second switch element S2 and third switch element S3 are disconnected at this time
Open state), voltage V after the electric discharge to sample the pacemaker impulseH2, make the voltage pace-making for detecting the first end of capacitor Cs
Voltage V after the electric discharge of pulseH2, the voltage of second end is-(VH1-VH2), i.e., the voltage of second end is the pacemaker impulse at this time
The inverse value of voltage and the voltage difference of voltage after electric discharge before discharging.The 4th switch element is disconnected after completing second of voltage sample
S4。
In second of voltage sample, the first end and pace-making capacitor C of capacitor Cs are detectedHSecond end formed access,
Voltage is also VH2, still, second end (bottom crown) no current access of capacitor Cs is detected, thus detect the quantity of electric charge on capacitor Cs
Identical state after first time voltage sample is maintained, thus the voltage of second end is-(VH1-VH2).As it can be seen that detection is electric at this time
The voltage signal of appearance Cs second end reflects the voltage difference before and after the electric discharge of pacemaker impulse detected, can be by detecting at this time
The variation for detecting the voltage of the second end of capacitor, obtains the change information of the voltage difference.
Then, compare whether the voltage difference before and after the electric discharge of pacemaker impulse is greater than set threshold voltage.Specifically it can use
The order of magnitude of above-mentioned voltage comparison module 120 voltage difference and set threshold voltage, and comparison result is exported,
In, when the voltage difference is greater than the set threshold voltage, the cardiac pacing system is judged for implanting state, is otherwise non-
Implanting state.
In the present embodiment, the absolute value of the voltage comparison module 120 voltage difference and set threshold voltage is big
It is small to be realized by voltage comparator, wherein the second end of detection capacitor Cs and the first input end of voltage comparator connect,
Second input terminal of voltage comparator inputs a set threshold voltage, and the output end of the voltage comparator, which can export, compares knot
Fruit.The set threshold voltage can specifically be set according to the specification or parameter of pacemaker.Due to after electrode touches cardiac muscle
Voltage difference (V since the impedance of the discharge loop of pacemaker impulse is obviously reduced, before and after the electric discharge of pacemaker impulseH1-VH2) increase,
Thus as the voltage difference (V of electric discharge front and backH1-VH2) be greater than set threshold voltage when, according to voltage comparator circuit export comparison knot
Fruit (i.e. COMP_OUT signal), can further export about cardiac pacing system whether be implanting state information.
Specifically, the information can be fed back to operator or the heart when judging cardiac pacing system for implanting state
The control module of dirty pacing system, and then implantation detection circuit can be turned off, and start other work of cardiac pacing system；When
When being judged as non-implanting state, then can the pacemaker impulse loop cycle below proceed as described above, until judge heart
System of fighting is implanting state.
In above-mentioned detection process, due to will test the second end of capacitor Cs and the interruption on ground after first time voltage sample
It opens, the quantity of electric charge for detecting the bottom crown of capacitor Cs remains unchanged, and after second of voltage sample, detects the second end of capacitor Cs
Voltage reflect the voltage difference before and after the electric discharge of tested pacemaker impulse, do not need the exact value for obtaining the voltage difference,
But the voltage comparison module 120 connecting with the second end of detection capacitor Cs is directlyed adopt to the voltage difference and preset threshold value
Voltage is compared, to obtain, whether electrode touches the information of cardiac muscle namely whether cardiac pacing system forms with cardiac muscle
The information in circuit, to judge whether cardiac pacing system is implanting state.Above-mentioned implantation detection circuit 100 does not include that modulus turns
Parallel operation or additional resistance element and support circuit, as can be only passed through detection capacitor Cs, a voltage in Fig. 2
Comparator and four switch elements execute implantation detection, and structure is simple；Due to not including the complicated circuits such as analog-digital converter, and
And the fully integrated design of on piece can be used, thus it is lower relative to tradition implantation decision circuitry power consumption；The implantation of the present embodiment detects
The second end of circuit 100, detection capacitor Cs is directly connect with the first input end of voltage comparison module 120, i.e., directly to detection
The voltage of the second end of capacitor Cs is compared with preset threshold voltage, therefore, has been compared tradition implantation detection method and has been used
The high-precision Larger Dynamic range analog-todigital converter of multidigit carries out calculating obtaining again with the electric discharge front and back voltage for measuring pacemaker impulse respectively
The method for obtaining small voltage changing value, the implantation detection method of the present embodiment avoid quantization error, and high-precision may be implemented and examine
It surveys；In addition, the implantation detection method of the present embodiment is since the implantation detection circuit of use is low in energy consumption, it can be before judging implanting state
Each pacemaker impulse is measured in real time, it specifically can be after being put into electrode cable and starting the 1s tested (about pacemaker impulse)
Can be detected whether cardiac pacing system is implanting state, real-time is high.Above-mentioned implantation detection circuit 100 can use full sheet
Upper integrated implementation, does not need complicated analog-digital converter, does not need to increase the outer discrete component of additional piece yet, reduce
Cost, while can reduce the design complexities of hybrid circuit board, increase reliability.
First switching element S1, second switch element S2, third switch element S3 in above-mentioned implantation detection circuit 100 with
And the 4th switch element S4 can be from triode, MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-SemiconductorField-Effect
Transistor, Metal-Oxide Semiconductor field effect transistor), JFET (JunctionField-Effect
Transistor, junction field effect transistor) and IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate
Bipolar junction transistor) etc. select in switch elements, i.e., the described first switching element, second switch element, third switch element with
And the 4th switch element at least one can using one of triode, MOSFET, JFET and IGBT realize, on the one hand
Facilitate realization to automatically control, on the other hand can make the whole switches for being implanted into detection circuit 100 by integrated circuit technology
On the same chip, parasitic capacitance is small, facilitates control.In certain embodiments, first switching element S1, second switch element
One or more of S2, third switch element S3 and the 4th switch element S4 can also use passive switching devices, such as
Magnetic switch, passive switching devices do not need consumption electric energy in off working state, help to reduce circuit power consumption.But it needs to pay attention to
Although first switching element S1, second switch element S2, third switch element S3 and the 4th switch element S4 are in this reality
It applies in example and is only set as switch, but by detecting capacitor Cs in this present embodiment after first time voltage sample until just next time
It keeps charge constant before beginningization, therefore, in the selection of switch element, should be avoided and introduce the easy consumption detection such as parasitic capacitance
The factor of the quantity of electric charge on capacitor Cs.
Reality can carry out two-chamber implantation in atrium and ventricle, can also only carry out the heart in the implant surgery of pacemaker
The implantation of the single-chamber of room or ventricle, and cardiac pacing system may include more than electrode cable all the way, in order to detect every path electrode
When whether the head end (i.e. pacing electrode) of conducting wire touches the implanting state detection of the i.e. progress cardiac pacing system of cardiac muscle, it can adopt
It is detected with the above-mentioned implantation detection circuit of more than one set, for every group of implantation detection circuit, by detecting corresponding pace-making arteries and veins
The variation of voltage difference, can obtain the letter whether cardiac pacing system forms circuit in each electrode position before and after impulse electricity
Breath.
It is preferably executed in the way of automation by the step of above-mentioned implantation detection circuit carries out implantation detection.Fig. 4 is
The flow chart of the implantation detection circuit of one embodiment of the invention computer instruction performed by a pacemaker impulse period.Reference
Fig. 2 to Fig. 4, the present embodiment further include a kind of readable storage medium storing program for executing, are stored thereon with computer instruction, when the computer instruction
When being executed by processor, it can execute above-mentioned implantation detection method by above-mentioned implantation detection circuit, specifically include following step
It is rapid:
First step: the first time period before pacemaker impulse transmission only turns on first switching element S1 and second switch
Element S2 is shorted the first end and second end for detecting capacitor Cs；
Second step: the second time period before pacemaker impulse transmission, the voltage of the second end of the pace-making capacitor
For voltage V before the electric discharge of the pacemaker impulseH1, second switch element S2 and third switch element S3 are only turned on, is put described in sampling
Voltage V before electricityH1, make the voltage V of the first end of the detection capacitor CsH1, the voltage of second end is 0；
Third step: the third period after pacemaker impulse transmission, the voltage of the second end of the pace-making capacitor
For voltage V after the electric discharge of the pacemaker impulseH2, the 4th switch element S4 is only turned on, voltage V after the electric discharge is sampledH2,
Make the voltage V of the first end of the detection capacitor CsH2, the voltage of second end is-(VH1-VH2), i.e., the described detection capacitor Cs's
The voltage of second end is voltage V before the electric dischargeH1With voltage V after the electric dischargeH2Voltage difference inverse value；
Four steps: whether it is greater than set threshold voltage using the voltage difference of voltage comparison module 120, and exports
Comparison result, wherein when the voltage difference is greater than the threshold voltage, the cardiac pacing system is implanting state, otherwise
For non-implanting state and enter next pacemaker impulse period to recycle execution above-mentioned steps.
In the present embodiment, the transmission frequency of the pacemaker impulse can be the base frequency of pacemaker, so as to
It determines the length in each pacemaker impulse period and the time that each pacemaker impulse signal is sent, and then can be planted passing through
Control implantation detection circuit 100 executes above-mentioned steps in the pacemaker impulse period some or all of before entering state-detection.
Readable storage medium storing program for executing provided by the invention can control when the computer instruction stored thereon is executed by processor
Above-mentioned implantation detection circuit successively executes above-mentioned implantation detection method within a pacemaker impulse period, and exports cardiac pacing system
System whether be implanting state information.Computer instruction in the readable storage medium storing program for executing is simply implanted into detection electricity using structure
Road realizes the automatic implantation detection of pacemaker, and detection accuracy is high, low in energy consumption, while the electric current of circuit is lower, helps to extend
The service life of pacemaker；In addition, automation implantation detection is so that detection is efficient, it is possible to reduce the operating burden and operation of doctor
Time.
The present embodiment further includes a kind of implantation detection device of cardiac pacing system.The implantation detection device includes above-mentioned
It is implanted into detection circuit 100 and/or above-mentioned readable storage medium storing program for executing.That is, the implantation detection device is detected including at least above-mentioned implantation
Any one in circuit 100 or above-mentioned readable storage medium storing program for executing, whether formd for cardiac pacing system with myocardium
The implanting state in circuit detects.The readable storage medium storing program for executing and its implantation detection circuit controlled can integrate in same chip
In, to simplify structure, reduce power consumption.
The implantation detection device can be used as a part of the pacemaker of cardiac pacing system, to be examined by above-mentioned implantation
Slowdown monitoring circuit and/or above-mentioned readable storage medium storing program for executing carry out automatic implantation detection, and the implantation detection device can also be separately provided simultaneously
Carry out implantation detection.The testing result of the implantation detection device can feed back to the control module or logical of cardiac pacing system
It crosses the modes such as text or prompt tone and notifies doctor, execute the operations such as operating mode switching to control cardiac pacing system.Using institute
The implanting state detection that implantation detection device carries out cardiac pacing system is stated, procedure efficiency is helped to improve.
The present embodiment also comprises a kind of cardiac pacing system, and the cardiac pacing system includes above-mentioned implantation detection electricity
Road.Using the implantation detection circuit, the manufacturer of cardiac pacing system can be carried out the function of pacemaker and pacing electrode
Simulation, in addition whether correct doctor can use the implantation detection circuit acquisition electrode when carrying out Pacemaker implantation operation
The information for touching cardiac muscle and the implanting state in relation to cardiac pacing system helps to improve detection efficiency, the implantation detection
Circuit is easily integrated, and detection accuracy is high, and structure is simple, low in energy consumption.After completing implantation detection, pacemaker switching is positive
The operating mode often paced, the implantation detection circuit, which can according to need, at this time is set as disabling, and not will increase pacemaker
Power consumption.
In different circuit is realized, detection capacitor of the invention, switching device, voltage comparator circuit structure may have
Institute is different, it is to be understood that, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, change their implementation and the electricity that is formed
Road also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Foregoing description is only the description to present pre-ferred embodiments, not to any restriction of interest field of the present invention,
Anyone skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, may be by the methods and techniques of the disclosure above
Content makes possible variation and modification to technical solution of the present invention, therefore, anything that does not depart from the technical scheme of the invention,
Any simple modifications, equivalents, and modifications to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention, belong to this hair
The protection scope of bright technical solution.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of implantation detection circuit of cardiac pacing system, which is characterized in that the implantation detection circuit includes:
Detection module, the detection module are electrically connected with the pacing circuitry of the cardiac pacing system, for first post-sampling pace-making
Voltage difference before the electric discharge of circuit granting pacemaker impulse before and after voltage and voltage after electric discharge, and the output pacemaker impulse electric discharge
Signal；And
Voltage comparison module is electrically connected with the detection module, for the pacemaker impulse electric discharge front and back voltage difference with
Preset threshold voltage, and comparison result is exported, control module of the voltage comparison module also with the cardiac pacing system
The comparison result is transmitted to the control module of the cardiac pacing system by connection, the voltage comparison module.
2. implantation detection circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that of the detection module and the pacing circuitry
It fights capacitance connection, the detection module detects the pace-making capacitor after the voltage and electric discharge stored before pacemaker impulse discharges respectively
The voltage of storage, voltage and voltage after electric discharge before the electric discharge to sample the pacing circuitry granting pacemaker impulse respectively.
3. implantation detection circuit as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the detection module includes detection capacitor, first
Switch element, second switch element, third switch element and the 4th switch element, wherein the first switching element connection
Between the first end and ground of the detection capacitor, the second switch element is connected to the second end and ground of the detection capacitor
Between, the third switch element and the 4th switch element are connected in the first end for detecting capacitor and described in parallel
Between the second end of capacitor of fighting, the second end of the first end ground connection of the pace-making capacitor, the detection capacitor connects the voltage
Comparison module.
4. implantation detection circuit as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the voltage comparison module includes that voltage compares
Device, the first input end of the voltage comparator are connect with the second end of the detection capacitor, and the second of the voltage comparator
Input terminal accesses the threshold voltage.
5. implantation detection circuit as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the detection capacitor is on-chip capacitance device.
6. implantation detection circuit as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the implantation detection circuit is to integrate to set in full sheet
Meter.
7. as claimed in claim 3 implantation detection circuit, which is characterized in that the first switching element, second switch element,
At least one of third switch element and the 4th switch element use one of triode, MOSFET, JFET and IGBT.
8. a kind of implantation detection method of cardiac pacing system detects electricity using the described in any item implantation of such as claim 3 to 7
Road, which is characterized in that including the following steps successively executed in a pacemaker impulse sending cycle:
First time period before pacemaker impulse transmission, only turns on first switching element and second switch element, makes to detect capacitor
First end and second end be shorted；
The voltage of second time period before pacemaker impulse transmission, the second end of the pace-making capacitor is the pacemaker impulse
Electric discharge before voltage, only turn on second switch element and third switch element, sample voltage before the electric discharge, make detection electricity
The voltage of the first end of appearance is voltage before the electric discharge, and the voltage of the second end of the detection capacitor is 0；
The voltage of third period after pacemaker impulse transmission, the second end of the pace-making capacitor are the pacemaker impulse
Electric discharge after voltage, only turn on the 4th switch element, sample voltage after the electric discharge, make it is described detection capacitor first end
Voltage be voltage after the electric discharge, the voltage of the second end of the detection capacitor is before the electric discharge after voltage and the electric discharge
The inverse value of the voltage difference of voltage；And
Whether it is greater than preset threshold voltage using the voltage comparison module voltage difference, when the voltage difference is greater than described
When threshold voltage, otherwise it is non-implanting state that the cardiac pacing system, which is implanting state,.
9. a kind of readable storage medium storing program for executing, which is characterized in that computer instruction is stored thereon with, when the computer instruction is processed
When device executes, implantation detection method as claimed in claim 8 is executed.
10. a kind of implantation detection device of cardiac pacing system, which is characterized in that the implantation detection device includes that right such as is wanted
Ask 1 to 7 described in any item implantation detection circuits and/or readable storage medium storing program for executing as claimed in claim 9.
11. a kind of cardiac pacing system, which is characterized in that detect electricity including implantation as described in any one of claim 1 to 7
Road.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112843473A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-28 | 创领心律管理医疗器械（上海）有限公司 | Cardiac pacing system |
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