CN110045665A - A kind of control circuit and its working method for D.C. contactor - Google Patents
A kind of control circuit and its working method for D.C. contactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110045665A CN110045665A CN201910447337.XA CN201910447337A CN110045665A CN 110045665 A CN110045665 A CN 110045665A CN 201910447337 A CN201910447337 A CN 201910447337A CN 110045665 A CN110045665 A CN 110045665A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/24—Pc safety
- G05B2219/24215—Scada supervisory control and data acquisition
Abstract
The present invention relates to contactor technical fields, disclose a kind of control circuit and its working method for D.C. contactor.It creates through the invention, it provides one kind and had not only been able to achieve energy-efficient when D.C. contactor is attracted but also energy extended operating temperature range new type control circuit, i.e. on the one hand by configuring control level sampling circuit unit, can according to control level input condition identification currently whether need that the D.C. contactor path of winding of load is carried out to power on/under it is electrically operated, and pwm signal for driving power on operation is exported when needed, so that in the duty period without power consumption, realize that energy conservation is attracted purpose, on the other hand by configuring temperature sampling circuit unit, ambient temperature situations can be acquired in real time, and auto-adaptive parameter configuration and output are carried out to pwm signal based on conventional temperature compensation technology, so that the efficient working range of D.C. contactor is wider, the application demand of more adverse circumstances can be met.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to contactor technical fields, more particularly to a kind of control circuit and its work for D.C. contactor
Make method.
Background technique
The working principle of existing D.C. contactor is general are as follows: after contactor coil branch powers on, coil current can be generated
Then magnetic field makes static iron core generate electromagnetic attraction by the magnetic field generated, attract dynamic iron core and drive the correlation of D.C. contactor
Contact switch carries out adhesive action (i.e. normally-closed contact switch disconnects, and normally opened contact switch closure, the two is linkage).Normal
In use process, electromagnet coil needs to be powered on always, persistently generates electromagnetic attraction, guarantees that iron core and armature are attracted, into
And be closed with moving contact and static contact, connect circuit.However, the power save mode of D.C. contactor is all using some simulations at present
Device, although structure is simple, analog signal is due to its variability, so that being easy to be interfered by external environment, it is difficult to
Guarantee high precision, for example, the operating temperature range of general D.C. contactor is at -20 DEG C --- between+85 DEG C, but in extreme temperature
It just will appear delay voltage, advancement under degree or be failure to actuate, and then cause controlled electric equipment products that security risk problem occurs.
Summary of the invention
Power consumption is larger when in order to solve actuation present in existing D.C. contactor and operating temperature range is limited
Problem, it is an object of that present invention to provide a kind of control circuits and its working method for D.C. contactor.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of control circuit for D.C. contactor, including control level sampling circuit unit, MCU control circuit list
Member, contactor are attracted drive circuit unit and temperature sampling circuit unit, wherein described to control the defeated of level sampling circuit unit
Outlet is electrically connected the first input end of the MCU control circuit unit, the pwm signal output end of the MCU control circuit unit
It is electrically connected the control signal input that the contactor is attracted drive circuit unit, the contactor is attracted drive circuit unit and matches
It is equipped with the anode driving end and cathode driving end for parallel connection direct contactor coil branch；
The temperature sampling circuit unit includes the tenth resistance, thermistor and the 11st capacitor, wherein the tenth electricity
One end of resistance is electrically connected the reference voltage connecting pin of the MCU control circuit unit, and the other end of the tenth resistance is electric respectively
One end of the second input terminal of the MCU control circuit unit, one end of the thermistor and the 11st capacitor is connected,
The other end of the other end of the thermistor and the 11st capacitor is grounded respectively.
Optimization, further include rectification circuit unit and filter circuit unit, wherein the input terminal of the rectification circuit unit
As the control level input of entire control circuit, the output end of the rectification circuit unit is electrically connected the filter circuit list
The input terminal of member, the output end of the filter circuit unit are electrically connected the input terminal of the control level sampling circuit unit
The energization input of drive circuit unit is attracted with the contactor.
Advanced optimize, further include voltage regulator circuit unit and the 5th diode, wherein the voltage regulator circuit unit it is defeated
Enter the cathode that end is electrically connected the 5th diode, the anode of the 5th diode is electrically connected the defeated of the filter circuit unit
Outlet, the output end of the voltage regulator circuit unit are electrically connected the energization input of the MCU control circuit unit.
Specifically, further including external reference voltages sample circuit unit, wherein the external reference voltages sample circuit list
Member includes the controllable accurate source of stable pressure and the tenth capacitor of the 8th resistance, model TL431；
One end of 8th resistance is electrically connected the output end of the voltage regulator circuit unit, the other end of the 8th resistance
It is electrically connected reference pole and the cathode of the controllable accurate source of stable pressure, the other end of the 8th resistance is also electrically connected institute
State one end of the tenth capacitor and the reference voltage connecting pin of the MCU control circuit unit, the sun of the controllable accurate source of stable pressure
The other end of pole and the tenth capacitor is grounded respectively.
Specifically, the voltage regulator circuit unit includes the tenth voltage-stabiliser tube, the 9th capacitor, voltage-stablizer, third capacitor and the 4th
Capacitor, wherein cathode, one end of the 9th capacitor and the input terminal of the voltage-stablizer of the tenth voltage-stabiliser tube are electrically connected respectively
The input terminal of the voltage regulator circuit unit is connect, the output end of the voltage-stablizer is electrically connected one end of the third capacitor, institute
State one end of the 4th capacitor and the output end of the voltage regulator circuit unit, anode, the 9th capacitor of the tenth voltage-stabiliser tube
The other end, the ground terminal of the voltage-stablizer, the other end of the third capacitor and the 4th capacitor the other end connect respectively
Ground.
Specifically, the rectification circuit unit is used using single phase bridge type rectifier circu and/or the filter circuit unit
π type filter circuit.
Optimization, the control level sampling circuit unit includes first resistor, second resistance, 3rd resistor and the 5th electricity
Hold, wherein one end of the first resistor is electrically connected the input terminal of the control level sampling circuit unit, the first resistor
The other end be electrically connected one end of one end of the second resistance, one end of the 3rd resistor and the 5th capacitor,
The other end of the other end of the second resistance and the 5th capacitor is grounded respectively, the other end electrical connection of the 3rd resistor
The output end of the control level sampling circuit unit.
Optimization, it is attracted between the anode driving end of drive circuit unit and cathode driving end and is parallel in the contactor
Protect branch, wherein the protection branch includes the 7th diode and the 9th resistance, and the anode of the 7th diode is electrically connected
The cathode drives end, and the cathode of the 7th diode is electrically connected one end of the 9th resistance, the 9th resistance it is another
One end electrical connection anode driving end.
Specifically, it includes the 6th resistance, the 7th resistance, the first metal-oxide-semiconductor, the 6th that the contactor, which is attracted drive circuit unit,
Diode, the 4th resistance, the 5th resistance, the 9th voltage-stabiliser tube, the 6th capacitor, the second metal-oxide-semiconductor, the 8th diode and the 11st pole
Pipe；
One end of 6th resistance is electrically connected the control signal input that the contactor is attracted drive circuit unit, institute
The other end for stating the 6th resistance is electrically connected one end of the 7th resistance and the grid of first metal-oxide-semiconductor, and the described 7th
The source electrode of the other end of resistance and first metal-oxide-semiconductor is grounded respectively；
The anode of 6th diode is electrically connected the energization input that the contactor is attracted drive circuit unit, described
The cathode of 6th diode is electrically connected one end of the 4th resistance, and the other end of the 4th resistance is electrically connected described
One end of five resistance, the cathode of the 9th voltage-stabiliser tube, one end of the 6th capacitor and the grid of second metal-oxide-semiconductor, institute
State the other end of the 5th resistance, the anode of the 9th voltage-stabiliser tube, the other end of the 6th capacitor and second metal-oxide-semiconductor
Source electrode is electrically connected the drain electrode of first metal-oxide-semiconductor；
The anode of 8th diode is electrically connected the energization input that the contactor is attracted drive circuit unit, described
The cathode of 8th diode is electrically connected the cathode of the 11st diode and the contactor is attracted drive circuit unit
Anode driving end, the anode of the 11st diode is electrically connected the drain electrode of first metal-oxide-semiconductor, second metal-oxide-semiconductor
Drain electrode is electrically connected the cathode driving end that the contactor is attracted drive circuit unit.
Specifically, the MCU control circuit unit uses the microprocessor chip and its peripheral circuit of model mega8A.
Another technical solution of the present invention are as follows:
A kind of working method for the control circuit of D.C. contactor as previously described, includes the following steps:
S101.MCU control circuit unit is receiving after the first level analog amount for controlling level sampling circuit unit,
The first level analog hydromodule is converted into the first level numerical quantities；
S102.MCU control circuit unit is after getting the first level numerical quantities of N number of continuous sampling, using median
The method of average calculates current control level numerical value, wherein N is the natural number between 4~12；
S103. currently control whether level numerical value is in contactor pick-up voltage as described in MCU control circuit unit judges
In threshold range, if it is determined that otherwise controlling pwm signal output end in S104 is thened follow the steps and not exporting or stop exporting PWM
Then signal returns to step S101；
If S104. discovery does not currently export any pwm signal, S105 is thened follow the steps, step is otherwise periodically carried out
S106；
S105. by MCU control circuit unit by the second electrical level analog quantity analog-to-digital conversion from temperature sampling circuit unit
For second electrical level numerical quantities, is then tabled look-up according to the second electrical level numerical quantities and obtain suitable starting contactor is attracted first
Pwm signal parameter subsequently exports corresponding high current PWM according to the first pwm signal state modulator pwm signal output end
Signal makes the D.C. contactor path of winding electrifying startup being connected in parallel between anode driving end and cathode driving end be attracted contact and opens
It closes, and is periodically carrying out step S106 after the first delay time, wherein the first pwm signal parameter includes width
Degree, frequency and/or duty ratio；
S106. the third level analog hydromodule from temperature sampling circuit unit is converted by MCU control circuit unit
For third level numerical quantities, second for obtaining and being suitble to that contactor is maintained to be attracted of then being tabled look-up according to the third level numerical quantities
Then pwm signal parameter exports corresponding low current PWM according to the second pwm signal state modulator pwm signal output end and believes
Number, so that the D.C. contactor path of winding being connected in parallel between anode driving end and cathode driving end is powered on maintenance actuation contact and opens
It closes, wherein the second pwm signal parameter includes amplitude, frequency and/or duty ratio.
The invention has the benefit that
(1) the invention provides one kind and had not only been able to achieve energy-efficient when D.C. contactor is attracted but also can extend work temperature
Spend the new type control circuit of range, i.e., it, can be according to the defeated of control level on the one hand by configuring control level sampling circuit unit
Enter situation identification currently whether need to carry out the D.C. contactor path of winding of load to power on/under it is electrically operated, and when needed
The pwm signal for driving power on operation is exported, so that realize that energy conservation is attracted purpose without power consumption in the duty period,
On the other hand by configuring temperature sampling circuit unit, ambient temperature situations can be acquired in real time, and be based on conventional temperature compensation
Technology carries out auto-adaptive parameter configuration and output to pwm signal, so that the efficient working range of D.C. contactor is wider, it can
Meet the application demand of more adverse circumstances.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the control circuit system block diagram provided by the present invention for D.C. contactor.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram that level sampling circuit unit is controlled in control circuit provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of MCU control circuit unit in control circuit provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram that contactor is attracted drive circuit unit in control circuit provided by the invention.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of temperature sampling circuit unit in control circuit provided by the invention.
Fig. 6 is rectification circuit unit in control circuit provided by the invention, filter circuit unit and voltage regulator circuit unit
Circuit diagram.
Fig. 7 is the physical circuit figure of external reference voltages sample circuit unit in control circuit provided by the invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment come the present invention is further elaborated.It should be noted that for
Although the explanation of these way of example is to be used to help understand the present invention, but and do not constitute a limitation of the invention.It is public herein
The specific structure and function detail opened are only used for description example embodiments of the present invention.However, can with many alternative forms come
The present invention is embodied, and is not construed as limiting the invention in embodiment set forth herein.
It will be appreciated that though various units may be described herein using term first, second etc., but these units
It should not be limited by these terms.These terms are only used to distinguish a unit and another unit.Such as it can be by
Unit one is referred to as second unit, and similarly second unit can be referred to as first unit, shows without departing from of the invention
The range of example embodiment.
It should be appreciated that being only a kind of pass for describing affiliated partner to the term "and/or" being likely to occur in this article
Connection relationship indicates may exist three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, can indicate: individualism A, individualism B are deposited simultaneously
In tri- kinds of situations of A and B；To the term "/and " being likely to occur in this article, it is to describe another affiliated partner relationship, indicates
There may be two kinds of relationships, for example, A/ and B, can indicate: two kinds of situations of individualism A, individualism A and B；In addition, for
The character "/" being likely to occur herein, typicallying represent forward-backward correlation object is a kind of "or" relationship.
If should be appreciated that, it can when unit being referred to as with another unit " connection ", " connected " or " coupling " herein
To be directly connected with another unit or couple or temporary location may exist.Relatively, if herein by unit be referred to as with
When another unit " being connected directly " or " direct-coupling ", indicate that temporary location is not present.Additionally, it should solve in a similar manner
Release for describing the relationship between unit other words (for example, " ... between " to " between directly existing ... ", " adjacent "
To " direct neighbor " etc.).
It should be appreciated that terms used herein are only used for description specific embodiment, it is not intended to limit example of the invention
Embodiment.If used herein, singular "a", "an" and "the" is intended to include plural form, unless context
Contrary is explicitly indicated.If being also understood that, term " includes ", " including ", "comprising" and/or " containing " are herein
When being used, specify stated feature, integer, step, operation, unit and/or component existence, and be not excluded for one
Or other multiple features, quantity, step, operation, unit, component and/or their combination existence or increase.
It should be appreciated that it will be further noted that the function action occurred may go out with attached drawing in some alternative embodiments
Existing sequence is different.Such as related function action is depended on, it can actually substantially be executed concurrently, or sometimes
Two figures continuously shown can be executed in reverse order.
It should be appreciated that providing specific details, in the following description in order to which example embodiment is understood completely.
However those of ordinary skill in the art are it is to be understood that implementation example embodiment without these specific details.
Such as system can be shown in block diagrams, to avoid with unnecessary details come so that example is unclear.In other instances, may be used
Or not show well-known process, structure and technology unnecessary details, to avoid making example embodiment unclear.
Embodiment one
As shown in Fig. 1~7, the control circuit for being used for D.C. contactor provided in this embodiment, including control level
Sample circuit unit, MCU control circuit unit, contactor are attracted drive circuit unit and temperature sampling circuit unit, wherein institute
The output end for stating control level sampling circuit unit is electrically connected the first input end ADC of the MCU control circuit unit, described
The control signal that the pwm signal output end PWM of MCU control circuit unit is electrically connected the contactor actuation drive circuit unit is defeated
Enter end, the contactor is attracted drive circuit unit and is configured with the anode driving end for being used for parallel connection direct contactor coil branch KM
PO+ and cathode drive end PO-；The temperature sampling circuit unit includes the tenth resistance R10, thermistor R11 and the 11st electricity
Hold C11, wherein one end of the tenth resistance R10 is electrically connected the reference voltage connecting pin of the MCU control circuit unit
The other end of VERF, the tenth resistance R10 are electrically connected the second input terminal ADC1 of the MCU control circuit unit, institute
State one end of thermistor R11 and one end of the 11st capacitor C11, the other end of the thermistor R11 and described
The other end of 11 capacitor C11 is grounded respectively.
As shown in Fig. 1~5, in the specific structure of the control circuit, the control level sampling circuit unit is used for
Externally input control level is obtained, and will acquire result and be sent to the MCU control circuit unit；Specifically, such as Fig. 2
Shown, the control level sampling circuit unit can be, but not limited to include first resistor R1, second resistance R2,3rd resistor R3
With the 5th capacitor C5, wherein one end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected the input terminal of the control level sampling circuit unit,
The other end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected one end of the second resistance R2, one end of the 3rd resistor R3 and institute
State one end of the 5th capacitor C5, the other end of the other end of the second resistance R2 and the 5th capacitor C5 are grounded respectively, institute
The other end for stating 3rd resistor R3 is electrically connected the output end of the control level sampling circuit unit；It is possible thereby to pass through described the
The one resistance R1 and second resistance R2 input control level is divided (in addition, the 3rd resistor R3 primarily serve it is defeated
Enter the effect of current limliting, the 5th capacitor C5 primarily serves the effect for filtering out higher hamonic wave), obtain reflection control level
First level analog amount.The temperature sampling circuit unit is used to obtain external ambient temperature situations, and will acquire result
Be sent to the MCU control circuit unit, wherein equally by the tenth resistance R10 and the thermistor R11 (with
The variation of environment temperature, the variation of resistance value general nonlinearity) (since it remains unchanged, reflection ring can be used as to reference voltage
The mark post of border temperature level) mode that is divided, obtain the real-time level analog amount of reflection ambient temperature situations；In addition, institute
The tenth capacitor C10 is stated still to play the role of filtering out higher hamonic wave.
On the one hand MCU (Microcontroller Unit, the micro-control unit) control circuit unit is used for according to next
From the sampled result of the control level sampling circuit unit, whether judgement currently needs the path of winding to D.C. contactor
(it is connected in parallel on the contactor and is attracted between the anode driving end PO+ of drive circuit unit and cathode driving end PO-) carries out
Electricity or under it is electrically operated, contact switch actuation is carried out in a manner of it will pass through and power on or carries out contact switch release by way of lower electricity；
On the other hand for when determining to need to carry out power on operation, according to the sampled result from the temperature sampling circuit unit,
(specifically include but unlimited to the signal parameter of PWM to be output (Pulse Width Modulation, pulse width modulation) signal
In amplitude, frequency and/or duty ratio etc.) temperature compensating configuration is carried out, it is then corresponding according to signal parameter control output
Pwm signal can be energy-efficiently (i.e. using accounting for after so that the pwm signal is exported and is attracted drive circuit unit to the contactor
The characteristics of empty period is without power consumption realizes energy conservation) and in extreme temperatures still inerrably to the path of winding of D.C. contactor
Powered on or under it is electrically operated, such as citing by pid algorithm carries out temperature compensating configuration, i.e., in process control, by partially
Ratio (P), integral (I) and the differential (D) of difference carry out self-adapting signal parameter configuration；It has principle simple, it is easy to accomplish, it fits
With wide, control parameter is mutually indepedent, and parameter selectes the advantages that fairly simple.Specifically, as shown in figure 3, the MCU is controlled
Circuit unit can be, but not limited to the microprocessor chip and its peripheral circuit using model mega8A.In addition, aforementioned correlation
Control program can carry out adaptations based on existing conventional program and obtain.
The contactor is attracted drive circuit unit and is used for according to the presence or absence of input pwm signal/and size of current etc., to simultaneously
The path of winding for being associated in the D.C. contactor between anode driving end PO+ and cathode driving end PO- is powered on (including for opening
It is dynamic to be attracted the powering on and for maintaining powering on for actuation contact switch of contact switch) or under it is electrically operated.Specifically, as shown in figure 4,
The contactor is attracted drive circuit unit and can be, but not limited to include the 6th resistance R6, the 7th resistance R7, the first metal-oxide-semiconductor IC2_
1, the 6th diode D6, the 4th resistance R4, the 5th resistance R5, the 9th voltage-stabiliser tube D9, the 6th capacitor C6, the second metal-oxide-semiconductor IC2_2,
8th diode D8 and the 11st diode D11；One end of the 6th resistance R6 is electrically connected the contactor and is attracted driving electricity
The control signal input of road unit, the other end of the 6th resistance R6 be electrically connected the 7th resistance R7 one end and
The source electrode of the grid of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor IC2_1, the other end of the 7th resistance R7 and the first metal-oxide-semiconductor IC2_1 are distinguished
Ground connection；The anode of the 6th diode D6 is electrically connected the energization input VCC that the contactor is attracted drive circuit unit, institute
The cathode for stating the 6th diode D6 is electrically connected one end of the 4th resistance R4, and the other end of the 4th resistance R4 is electrically connected respectively
Connect one end and described second of one end of the 5th resistance R5, the cathode of the 9th voltage-stabiliser tube D9, the 6th capacitor C6
The grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor IC2_2, anode, the 6th capacitor C6 of the other end of the 5th resistance R5, the 9th voltage-stabiliser tube D9
The other end and the source electrode of the second metal-oxide-semiconductor IC2_2 be electrically connected the drain electrode of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor IC2_1；Described 8th
The anode of diode D8 is electrically connected the energization input VCC that the contactor is attracted drive circuit unit, the 8th diode
The cathode of D8 is electrically connected the cathode of the 11st diode D11 and the anode of contactor actuation drive circuit unit
End PO+ is driven, the anode of the 11st diode D11 is electrically connected the drain electrode of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor IC2_1, the 2nd MOS
The drain electrode of pipe IC2_2 is electrically connected the cathode driving end PO- that the contactor is attracted drive circuit unit.Thus two metal-oxide-semiconductors are utilized
Possessed the characteristics of drain-source interpolar conduction and cut-off can be controlled by grid voltage, can contact direct current according to pwm signal
The path of winding of device with carrying out high-frequency (working frequency of pwm signal is generally in 20KHz or so) discontinuity power on operation, effectively
It is attracted contact switch；Further, since the electromagnetic attraction that path of winding generates has the characteristics that delay disappears, therefore in intermittence
The duty period (being typically only 50us or so) although without power consumption, will not be such that contact switch immediately discharges, to realize
Energy saving purpose.
From there through the detailed description for the control circuit for being previously used for D.C. contactor, it is possible to provide one kind is both able to achieve direct current
Contactor is energy-efficient when being attracted and the new type control circuit of energy extended operating temperature range, i.e. one side control electricity by configuring
Whether flat sample circuit unit can currently need the D.C. contactor coil to load according to the input condition identification of control level
Branch power on/under it is electrically operated, and the pwm signal for driving power on operation is exported when needed, so that in duty
Period without power consumption, realizes that energy conservation is attracted purpose and can acquire in real time on the other hand by configuring temperature sampling circuit unit
Ambient temperature situations, and auto-adaptive parameter configuration and output are carried out to pwm signal based on conventional temperature compensation technology, so that
The efficient working range of D.C. contactor is wider, can meet the application demand of more adverse circumstances.It is tested by product testing, is originally set
The control circuit of meter can make D.C. contactor at -40 DEG C --- (the work of existing D.C. contactor is worked normally under the conditions of+125 DEG C
Temperature range is generally at -20 DEG C --- between+85 DEG C), the security risk caused by limiting temperature is greatly reduced, especially
Suitable for the outdoor automobile charging pile under special geological surrounding.
Optimization, consider that the output of duty ratio and pwm signal is not linear relationship, needs to calculate by complicated temperature-compensating
Method could configure the pwm signal for exporting and being suitble to Current Temperatures environment, and run complicated algorithm and necessarily occupy more cpu resource,
And the duty cycle error of calculating is larger, while the path of winding electric current required in maintenance actuation is required much smaller than when starting actuation
Path of winding electric current, therefore be directed to aforementioned control circuit, can also be preferably using specific steps described in following working method
S101~S106 realizes further quick, low error and energy saving power on operation.
S101.MCU control circuit unit is receiving after the first level analog amount for controlling level sampling circuit unit,
The first level analog hydromodule is converted into the first level numerical quantities.In step S101, the mould inside MCU can be passed through
Number converter realizes analog-to-digital conversion purpose.
S102.MCU control circuit unit is after getting the first level numerical quantities of N number of continuous sampling, using median
The method of average calculates current control level numerical value, wherein N is the natural number between 4~12.In step S101, institute
Stating the median method of average is existing conventional average value processing method, that is, is directed to N number of data of continuous sampling, remove a maximum value and
Then one minimum value calculates the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of N-2 data.
S103. currently control whether level numerical value is in contactor pick-up voltage as described in MCU control circuit unit judges
In threshold range, if it is determined that otherwise controlling pwm signal output end in S104 is thened follow the steps and not exporting or stop exporting PWM
Then signal returns to step S101.In step S103, the contactor pick-up voltage threshold range is preset value,
For example, 8~36V.
If S104. discovery does not currently export any pwm signal, S105 is thened follow the steps, step is otherwise periodically carried out
S106.In step S104, does not export any pwm signal expression currently and be currently at releasing contact switch state, need elder generation
High current pwm signal is exported by step S105 and carries out starting actuation operation, then low current pwm signal is exported by step S106
It carries out maintaining to be attracted operation, and has currently exported pwm signal expression and be currently at the contact switch state that is attracted, step can be continued through
Rapid S106 output low current pwm signal carries out maintaining to be attracted operation.High current pwm signal herein and low current pwm signal
Size of current is in contrast, since metal-oxide-semiconductor also has gain stabilization earth-current amplification in conducting, to maintain
When being attracted by the electric current of path of winding certainly less than starting when actuation, and then the purpose of low hold power may be implemented, such as
2W or so.
S105. by MCU control circuit unit by the second electrical level analog quantity analog-to-digital conversion from temperature sampling circuit unit
For second electrical level numerical quantities, is then tabled look-up according to the second electrical level numerical quantities and obtain suitable starting contactor is attracted first
Pwm signal parameter subsequently exports corresponding high current PWM according to the first pwm signal state modulator pwm signal output end
Signal is attracted the D.C. contactor path of winding electrifying startup being connected in parallel between anode driving end PO+ and cathode driving end PO-
Contact switch, and step S106 is being periodically carried out after the first delay time, wherein the first pwm signal parameter
It can work as and be not limited to comprising amplitude, frequency and/or duty ratio etc..In step S105, it can equally pass through the modulus inside MCU
Converter realizes analog-to-digital conversion purpose, related to be arranged in advance according to rewritten a limited number of times product test data wait table look-up
It obtains, is then based on lookup table mode rapid configuration the first pwm signal parameter, it is finally defeated according to the first pwm signal state modulator
It is adapted to carry out the high current pwm signal for powering on driving without error starting in the case of Current Temperatures out, so as to avoid transporting in real time
Trip temperature backoff algorithm reduces cpu resource demand when starting is attracted to MCU control circuit unit.
S106. the third level analog hydromodule from temperature sampling circuit unit is converted by MCU control circuit unit
For third level numerical quantities, second for obtaining and being suitble to that contactor is maintained to be attracted of then being tabled look-up according to the third level numerical quantities
Then pwm signal parameter exports corresponding low current PWM according to the second pwm signal state modulator pwm signal output end and believes
Number, so that the D.C. contactor path of winding being connected in parallel between anode driving end PO+ and cathode driving end PO- is powered on maintenance and is attracted touching
Point switch, wherein the second pwm signal parameter can be, but not limited to comprising amplitude, frequency and/or duty ratio etc..In the step
In rapid S106, analog-to-digital conversion purpose can be equally realized by the analog-digital converter inside MCU, it is related to be mentioned wait table look-up
Rewritten a limited number of times product test data are arranged to obtain preceding basis, are then based on the second pwm signal of lookup table mode rapid configuration ginseng
Number finally is adapted to carry out electric drive in errorless maintenance in the case of Current Temperatures according to the second pwm signal state modulator output
Low current pwm signal reduce when maintaining to be attracted so as to avoid real time execution temperature compensation algorithm to MCU control circuit
The cpu resource demand of unit.
From there through working method described in abovementioned steps S101~S106, not only can rapidly, at low cost and
It accurately exports and is most suitable for the pwm signal that Current Temperatures situation carries out errorless adhesive action, can also substantially reduce and maintain to inhale
Operating power requirements when conjunction, further decrease energy consumption.
Optimization, further include rectification circuit unit and filter circuit unit, wherein the input terminal of the rectification circuit unit
As the control level input IN of entire control circuit, the output end of the rectification circuit unit is electrically connected the filter circuit
The input terminal of unit, the output end of the filter circuit unit are electrically connected the input of the control level sampling circuit unit
End and the contactor are attracted the energization input VCC of drive circuit unit.As shown in figs. 1 and 6, the rectification circuit unit is used
It rectifies in the control level of input, so that control level signal can be imported by either just connecing or being reversely connected, realizes electrodeless
Property input and prevent from burning out the purpose of inside chip in reversal connection；Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the rectification circuit unit can be with
But it is not limited to using single phase bridge type rectifier circu.The filter circuit unit is used to filter out the higher hamonic wave in control level, with
It avoids generating signal interference to subsequent control level sampling link；Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the filter circuit unit can
With but be not limited to using π type filter circuit, such as the π type filter circuit being made of several capacitors and inductance.
Optimization, further include voltage regulator circuit unit and the 5th diode D5, wherein the input terminal of the voltage regulator circuit unit
AVCC is electrically connected the cathode of the 5th diode D5, and the anode of the 5th diode D5 is electrically connected the filter circuit unit
Output end, the output end of the voltage regulator circuit unit is electrically connected the energization input+5V of the MCU control circuit unit.Such as
It, can also from the control level of input, (the control level can have electricity always by the voltage regulator circuit unit shown in Fig. 1 and 6
Pressure inputs 5V level that is, for example when needing releasing contact to switch, and when needing to be attracted contact switch, input 12V level)
In be retrieved as the stable operating voltage of MCU control circuit unit power supply, simplify power circuit design.Specifically, such as Fig. 6 institute
Show, the voltage regulator circuit unit can be, but not limited to include the tenth voltage-stabiliser tube D10, the 9th capacitor C9, voltage-stablizer IC1, third electricity
Hold C3 and the 4th capacitor C4, wherein the cathode of the tenth voltage-stabiliser tube D10, one end of the 9th capacitor C9 and the pressure stabilizing
The input terminal of device IC1 is electrically connected the output end difference of the input terminal AVCC, the voltage-stablizer IC1 of the voltage regulator circuit unit
It is electrically connected one end, one end of the 4th capacitor C4 and the output end of the voltage regulator circuit unit of the third capacitor C3, institute
State the anode of the tenth voltage-stabiliser tube D10, the other end of the 9th capacitor C9, the ground terminal of the voltage-stablizer IC1, third electricity
The other end of the other end and the 4th capacitor C4 that hold C3 is grounded respectively.Wherein, the tenth voltage-stabiliser tube D10 is for protecting institute
It states voltage-stablizer IC1 to be unlikely to be burned, it is ensured that the MCU control unit has operating voltage to supply always and plays protection direct current and connect
The effect of tentaculum.In addition, the model of the voltage-stablizer IC1 can be, but not limited to as NCV4264, the tenth voltage-stabiliser tube D10 can
With but be not limited to be adopted as 43V voltage-stabiliser tube.
Optimization, further include external reference voltages sample circuit unit, wherein the external reference voltages sample circuit list
Member includes the controllable accurate source of stable pressure U4 and the tenth capacitor C10 of the 8th resistance R8, model TL431；The 8th resistance R8's
One end is electrically connected the output end of the voltage regulator circuit unit, and the other end of the 8th resistance R8 is electrically connected the controllable essence
The other end of the reference pole of close source of stable pressure U4 and cathode, the 8th resistance R8 is also electrically connected the tenth capacitor C10's
The reference voltage connecting pin VERF of one end and the MCU control circuit unit, the anode of the controllable accurate source of stable pressure U4 and institute
The other end for stating the tenth capacitor C10 is grounded respectively.As shown in fig. 7, considering the internal reference voltage of the MCU control circuit unit
There are errors, and then will lead to the bad problem of D.C. contactor consistency (it is mainly reflected in pick-up voltage or release voltage
Application condition is big), therefore the external reference voltages sample circuit unit by design including TL431, outside can be passed through and imported
Reference voltage carry out the analog sampling of inside and outside reference voltage and compare, cut down the error of internal reference voltage, finally greatly promote
The consistency of adhesive action.In addition, analog sampling comparison program involved in aforementioned can be fitted based on existing conventional program
Answering property changes to obtain.
Optimization, it is attracted between the anode driving end PO+ of drive circuit unit and cathode driving end PO- in the contactor
It is parallel with protection branch, wherein the protection branch includes the 7th diode D7 and the 9th resistance R9, the 7th diode D7
Anode be electrically connected the cathode and drive end PO-, the cathode of the 7th diode D7 is electrically connected the one of the 9th resistance R9
End, the other end electrical connection of the 9th resistance R9 anode driving end PO+.As shown in figure 4, considering easy incite somebody to action that work long hours
Two metal-oxide-semiconductors are burnt out, therefore by designing aforementioned protection branch, it can be ensured that inverse electromotive force will not burn out metal-oxide-semiconductor, and pass through
Product testing test discovery, can extend 50% D.C. contactor service life.
To sum up, using the control circuit and its working method for being used for D.C. contactor provided by the present embodiment, have such as
Lower technical effect:
(1) it present embodiments provides one kind and had not only been able to achieve energy-efficient when D.C. contactor is attracted but also energy extended operating temperature
The new type control circuit of range can be according to the input of control level that is, on the one hand by configuring control level sampling circuit unit
Situation identification currently whether need to carry out the D.C. contactor path of winding of load to power on/under it is electrically operated and defeated when needed
Out for driving the pwm signal of power on operation, so that realizing that energy conservation is attracted purpose, separately without power consumption in the duty period
On the one hand by configuring temperature sampling circuit unit, ambient temperature situations can be acquired in real time, and be based on conventional temperature compensation skill
Art carries out auto-adaptive parameter configuration and output to pwm signal can expire so that the efficient working range of D.C. contactor is wider
The application demand of foot more adverse circumstances.
Multiple embodiments described above are only schematical, if being related to unit as illustrated by the separation member,
It may or may not be physically separated；If being related to component shown as a unit, can be or
It can not be physical unit, it can it is in one place, or may be distributed over multiple network units.It can be according to reality
Some or all of the units may be selected to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment for the needs on border.Those of ordinary skill in the art
Without paying creative labor, it can understand and implement.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments
Invention is explained in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still can be to aforementioned each implementation
Technical solution documented by example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.And these modification or
Replacement, the spirit and scope for technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Finally it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned optional embodiment, anyone is in enlightenment of the invention
Under can all obtain other various forms of products.Above-mentioned specific embodiment should not be understood the limit of pairs of protection scope of the present invention
System, protection scope of the present invention should be subject to be defined in claims, and specification can be used for explaining that right is wanted
Seek book.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of control circuit for D.C. contactor, it is characterised in that: including control level sampling circuit unit, MCU control
Circuit unit, contactor actuation drive circuit unit and temperature sampling circuit unit processed, wherein the control level sampling circuit
The output end of unit is electrically connected the first input end (ADC) of the MCU control circuit unit, the MCU control circuit unit
Pwm signal output end (PWM) is electrically connected the control signal input that the contactor is attracted drive circuit unit, the contactor
It is attracted drive circuit unit and drives end (PO+) and cathode to drive configured with the anode for parallel connection direct contactor coil branch (KM)
Moved end (PO-)；
The temperature sampling circuit unit includes the tenth resistance (R10), thermistor (R11) and the 11st capacitor (C11),
In, one end of the tenth resistance (R10) is electrically connected the reference voltage connecting pin (VERF) of the MCU control circuit unit, institute
The other end for stating the tenth resistance (R10) is electrically connected the second input terminal (ADC1) of the MCU control circuit unit, the heat
One end of quick resistance (R11) and one end of the 11st capacitor (C11), the other end of the thermistor (R11) and described
The other end of 11st capacitor (C11) is grounded respectively.
2. a kind of control circuit for D.C. contactor as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include rectification circuit
Unit and filter circuit unit, wherein the input terminal of the rectification circuit unit is defeated as the control level of entire control circuit
Enter end (IN), the output end of the rectification circuit unit is electrically connected the input terminal of the filter circuit unit, the filter circuit
The output end of unit is electrically connected the input terminal of the control level sampling circuit unit and the contactor is attracted driving electricity
The energization input (VCC) of road unit.
3. a kind of control circuit for D.C. contactor as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: further include voltage regulator circuit
Unit and the 5th diode (D5), wherein the input terminal (AVCC) of the voltage regulator circuit unit is electrically connected the 5th diode
(D5) cathode, the anode of the 5th diode (D5) are electrically connected the output end of the filter circuit unit, the pressure stabilizing electricity
The output end of road unit is electrically connected the energization input (+5V) of the MCU control circuit unit.
4. a kind of control circuit for D.C. contactor as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: further include outside reference
Voltage sampling circuit unit, wherein the external reference voltages sample circuit unit includes the 8th resistance (R8), model
The controllable accurate source of stable pressure (U4) and the tenth capacitor (C10) of TL431；
One end of 8th resistance (R8) is electrically connected the output end of the voltage regulator circuit unit, the 8th resistance (R8) it is another
One end is electrically connected reference pole and the cathode of the controllable accurate source of stable pressure (U4), and the other end of the 8th resistance (R8) is also
It is electrically connected one end of the tenth capacitor (C10) and the reference voltage connecting pin (VERF) of the MCU control circuit unit,
The anode of the controllable accurate source of stable pressure (U4) and the other end of the tenth capacitor (C10) are grounded respectively.
5. a kind of control circuit for D.C. contactor as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: the voltage regulator circuit list
Member includes the tenth voltage-stabiliser tube (D10), the 9th capacitor (C9), voltage-stablizer (IC1), third capacitor (C3) and the 4th capacitor (C4),
In, cathode, one end of the 9th capacitor (C9) and the input terminal of the voltage-stablizer (IC1) of the tenth voltage-stabiliser tube (D10)
It is electrically connected the input terminal (AVCC) of the voltage regulator circuit unit, the output end of the voltage-stablizer (IC1) is electrically connected institute
State one end, one end of the 4th capacitor (C4) and the output end of the voltage regulator circuit unit of third capacitor (C3), described
The anode of ten voltage-stabiliser tubes (D10), the other end of the 9th capacitor (C9), the ground terminal of the voltage-stablizer (IC1), the third
The other end of capacitor (C3) and the other end of the 4th capacitor (C4) are grounded respectively.
6. a kind of control circuit for D.C. contactor as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the control level is adopted
Sample circuit unit includes first resistor (R1), second resistance (R2), 3rd resistor (R3) and the 5th capacitor (C5), wherein described
One end of first resistor (R1) be electrically connected it is described control level sampling circuit unit input terminal, the first resistor (R1) it is another
One end is electrically connected one end of the second resistance (R2), one end of the 3rd resistor (R3) and the 5th capacitor (C5)
One end, the other end of the second resistance (R2) and the other end of the 5th capacitor (C5) be grounded respectively, the third electricity
The other end of resistance (R3) is electrically connected the output end of the control level sampling circuit unit.
7. a kind of control circuit for D.C. contactor as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: inhaled in the contactor
It closes and is parallel with protection branch between anode driving end (PO+) of drive circuit unit and cathode driving end (PO-), wherein is described
Protecting branch includes the 7th diode (D7) and the 9th resistance (R9), and the anode electrical connection of the 7th diode (D7) is described negative
Pole drives end (PO-), and the cathode of the 7th diode (D7) is electrically connected one end of the 9th resistance (R9), the 9th electricity
Hinder other end electrical connection anode driving end (PO+) of (R9).
8. a kind of control circuit for D.C. contactor as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the contactor is attracted
Drive circuit unit includes the 6th resistance (R6), the 7th resistance (R7), the first metal-oxide-semiconductor (IC2_1), the 6th diode (D6), the
Four resistance (R4), the 5th resistance (R5), the 9th voltage-stabiliser tube (D9), the 6th capacitor (C6), the second metal-oxide-semiconductor (IC2_2), the eight or two pole
Manage (D8) and the 11st diode (D11)；
One end of 6th resistance (R6) is electrically connected the control signal input that the contactor is attracted drive circuit unit, institute
The other end for stating the 6th resistance (R6) is electrically connected one end and first metal-oxide-semiconductor (IC2_1) of the 7th resistance (R7)
Grid, the other end of the 7th resistance (R7) and the source electrode of first metal-oxide-semiconductor (IC2_1) are grounded respectively；
The anode of 6th diode (D6) is electrically connected the energization input that the contactor is attracted drive circuit unit
(VCC), the cathode of the 6th diode (D6) is electrically connected one end of the 4th resistance (R4), the 4th resistance (R4)
The other end is electrically connected the cathode, the 6th capacitor of one end of the 5th resistance (R5), the 9th voltage-stabiliser tube (D9)
(C6) grid of one end and second metal-oxide-semiconductor (IC2_2), the other end of the 5th resistance (R5), the 9th pressure stabilizing
Anode, the other end of the 6th capacitor (C6) and the source electrode of second metal-oxide-semiconductor (IC2_2) of pipe (D9) are electrically connected institute
State the drain electrode of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor (IC2_1)；
The anode of 8th diode (D8) is electrically connected the energization input that the contactor is attracted drive circuit unit
(VCC), the cathode of the 8th diode (D8) be electrically connected the 11st diode (D11) cathode and the contact
Device is attracted anode driving end (PO+) of drive circuit unit, the anode electrical connection described first of the 11st diode (D11)
The drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor (IC2_1), the drain electrode of second metal-oxide-semiconductor (IC2_2) are electrically connected the contactor and are attracted drive circuit unit
Cathode drive end (PO-).
9. a kind of control circuit for D.C. contactor as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the MCU control electricity
Road unit uses the microprocessor chip and its peripheral circuit of model mega8A.
10. a kind of working method as described in claim 1~9 any one for the control circuit of D.C. contactor, special
Sign is, includes the following steps:
S101.MCU control circuit unit is after receiving the first level analog amount from control level sampling circuit unit, by institute
It states the first level analog hydromodule and is converted to the first level numerical quantities；
S102.MCU control circuit unit is average using median after getting the first level numerical quantities of N number of continuous sampling
Method calculates current control level numerical value, wherein N is the natural number between 4~12；
S103. currently control whether level numerical value is in contactor pick-up voltage threshold value as described in MCU control circuit unit judges
In range, if it is determined that otherwise control pwm signal output end in S104 is thened follow the steps and do not export or stop output pwm signal,
Then S101 is returned to step；
If S104. discovery does not currently export any pwm signal, S105 is thened follow the steps, step S106 is otherwise periodically carried out；
It S105. is the by the second electrical level analog quantity analog-to-digital conversion from temperature sampling circuit unit by MCU control circuit unit
Then two level numerical quantities table look-up according to the second electrical level numerical quantities and obtain the first PWM letter that suitable starting contactor is attracted
Number parameter subsequently exports corresponding high current pwm signal according to the first pwm signal state modulator pwm signal output end,
It is attracted the D.C. contactor path of winding electrifying startup being connected in parallel between anode driving end (PO+) and cathode driving end (PO-)
Contact switch, and step S106 is being periodically carried out after the first delay time, wherein the first pwm signal parameter
Include amplitude, frequency and/or duty ratio；
S106. the third level analog hydromodule from temperature sampling circuit unit is converted to by MCU control circuit unit
Three level numerical quantities, the 2nd PWM letter for obtaining and being suitble to that contactor is maintained to be attracted of then being tabled look-up according to the third level numerical quantities
Then number parameter exports corresponding low current pwm signal according to the second pwm signal state modulator pwm signal output end, makes
The D.C. contactor path of winding being connected in parallel between anode driving end (PO+) and cathode driving end (PO-) powers on maintenance and is attracted touching
Point switch, wherein the second pwm signal parameter includes amplitude, frequency and/or duty ratio.
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| CN110045665B (en) | 2024-03-19 |
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