CN110042221B - Method for eliminating aging embrittlement of A508-3 steel by pulse current - Google Patents
Method for eliminating aging embrittlement of A508-3 steel by pulse current Download PDFInfo
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- CN110042221B CN110042221B CN201910407454.3A CN201910407454A CN110042221B CN 110042221 B CN110042221 B CN 110042221B CN 201910407454 A CN201910407454 A CN 201910407454A CN 110042221 B CN110042221 B CN 110042221B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for eliminating aging embrittlement of A508-3 steel by pulse current, which comprises the steps of fixing the aged A508-3 steel on a pulse power supply, continuously applying current pulse until corresponding time, carrying out pulse current treatment on the aged and embrittled A508-3 steel, and determining pulse current action parameters and pulse current action time according to the evaluated aging embrittlement degree of the A508-3 steel and the size of a sample; parameter range of pulsed current treatment: the frequency is 1-2000 Hz, the pulse width is 20 mus-1 ms, the current is 10-5000A, and the action time is 5 min-10 h. The method can process the A508-3 steel which is subjected to irradiation embrittlement in situ, greatly reduce the number of dislocation defects of the A508-3 steel which is aged and embrittled, further recover the Charpy impact toughness, further reduce the temperature required for eliminating the A508-3 steel embrittlement, and save a large amount of energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal material treatment, and particularly relates to a method for eliminating aging embrittlement of A508-3 steel by pulse current, and further relates to a method for eliminating defects in aging embrittlement A508-3 steel by pulse current to further improve toughness.
Background
Nuclear energy is called green energy, and is used as a development direction in all countries in the world today with severe global environmental conditions and energy supply shortage. At present, the number of nuclear power stations under construction and the planned total installed capacity of the nuclear power stations in China are the first in the world. Most of the nuclear power plants that have been built and planned for construction are pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants. A reactor pressure vessel, a core structural component of a third generation pressurized water reactor nuclear power station, adopts A508-3 steel as a manufacturing material. The A508-3 steel possesses better toughness and corrosion resistance than the second generation reactor pressure vessel materials. In the service process of a reactor pressure vessel, A508-3 steel can be irradiated by high-energy neutron beams to cause irradiation embrittlement damage, and high-energy neutrons impact a material to generate Frankel defects, so that precipitated phases are separated out, dislocation multiplication is promoted, dislocation movement is hindered, and dislocation loop defects are generated. The macroscopic mechanical properties are represented by that the hardness and the strength of the material are increased, the toughness is seriously reduced, the ductile-brittle transition temperature is increased, and the material is easy to generate low-stress fracture. Meanwhile, the service temperature of the pressure container is 280-330 ℃, and the A508-3 steel can generate thermal aging damage in the service process, so that the failure of the material is accelerated. The irradiation embrittlement damage of the A508-3 steel seriously threatens the safe operation of a nuclear power station on one hand, and greatly reduces the service life of the nuclear power station on the other hand.
At present, The A508-3 steel damaged by radiation embrittlement is repaired by annealing treatment, and The document of The effects of irradiation, annealing and irradiation on RPV steels discloses a method for annealing The A508-3 steel damaged by radiation embrittlement at 460 ℃ for 168 hours. The long-time annealing treatment can reduce or eliminate the internal stress of the A508-3 steel, further reduce or eliminate dislocation defects and repair the irradiation embrittlement damage of the pressure vessel. The traditional annealing treatment mode is only suitable for damaged materials with small sizes, steel for the pressure vessel in service has large volume and cannot be disassembled for a long time, the steel cannot be damaged and repaired by the annealing treatment mode, and in addition, the time consumed by the annealing treatment is relatively long compared with the time of shutdown and overhaul of the nuclear power plant. Therefore, the method for repairing the radiation embrittlement damage of the steel A508-3 for the nuclear power pressure vessel by annealing treatment is not feasible to be implemented on site.
The pulse current is a special instantaneous high-energy treatment means, and can improve the performance of the metal material. The patent (CN 102260785A) discloses a device for eliminating residual stress by using pulse current, which includes a power input module for providing power, a capacitor energy storage bank for storing electric energy, a charging module for charging the capacitor energy storage bank, and a discharging module for discharging the electric energy stored in the capacitor energy storage bank to a load, and the device can process a workpiece by using high-energy pulse current to eliminate residual stress inside the workpiece. However, the invention does not mention the action of pulse current on dislocation, and the device has large energy consumption and wide occupied area and is not suitable for practical application. The patent (CN 108315549A) discloses a method for regenerating the properties of aged duplex stainless steel under the action of pulse current, which uses pulse current to dissolve brittle phases precipitated from the aged duplex stainless steel, thereby recovering the properties of the aged duplex stainless steel. The patent utilizes pulse current to eliminate dislocation defects in the A508-3 steel subjected to aging embrittlement. The study subjects and the study contents of both are very different.
The dislocation slip is accelerated by utilizing the electron wind power generated by the pulse current, the dislocation is promoted to be annihilated in the slip process, the number of dislocation defects in A508-3 steel is reduced, the irradiation embrittlement damage of the pressure vessel is repaired, the toughness of the A508-3 steel is improved, and the principle is completely different from the principle of eliminating the dislocation defects by traditional annealing heat treatment. More importantly, the pulse current can treat the embrittlement hardening material in situ, the annealing treatment method has the advantages that the traditional annealing treatment does not have, meanwhile, the temperature rise caused by the pulse current applied to the annealing treatment method is only 80-350 ℃, namely, the dislocation defect can be eliminated at the temperature lower than the traditional heat treatment temperature, less energy is consumed, and green manufacturing is realized. Besides the two advantages, the treatment time of the pulse current applied in the method is only 5 min-10 h which is far lower than that of heat treatment 168h described in the literature, the time required for repairing the performance of the aging embrittlement A508-3 steel can be obviously reduced, the repair time is within the allowable range of a reactor shutdown maintenance time window, and the influence on the normal operation of the nuclear reactor is avoided. According to the invention, through accurately controlling the pulse current parameters and the pulse current treatment time, the number of dislocation defects in the embrittlement-hardened A508-3 steel is reduced, and the toughness of the steel is recovered, so that the safe operation of the nuclear power station is ensured, and the service life of the pressurized water reactor nuclear power station is prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for restoring and regenerating the performance of A508-3 steel hardened and embrittled under the action of pulse current, which is an unconventional treatment means. The method can eliminate the hardening embrittlement damage of the A508-3 steel caused by high-energy neutron irradiation and thermal aging, so that the performance of the damaged material is recovered to a great extent, thereby achieving the purpose of prolonging the service life of the pressure vessel of the nuclear power station.
The invention comprises the following components: applying pulse current to the material with performance aging embrittlement caused by dislocation defects, wherein the parameters of the pulse current are controlled as follows: the frequency is 1-2000 Hz, the pulse width is 20 mus-1 ms, the current is 10-5000A, and the action time is 5 min-10 h. The dislocation defect in the matrix of the aging brittle material can be reduced through the pulse current, and the Charpy impact toughness of the material is improved, so that the purpose of repairing the irradiation brittle hardening damage problem of the A508-3 steel is achieved.
A method for eliminating A508-3 steel defects and improving the Charpy impact toughness of materials is characterized in that pulse current processing is carried out on aging and embrittled A508-3 steel, and the parameter ranges of the pulse current processing are as follows: the frequency is 1-2000 Hz, the pulse width is 20 mus-1 ms, the current is 10-5000A, and the action time is 5 min-10 h.
Further, the pulse current method for eliminating A508-3 steel hardening and embrittlement is described, and the specific steps of the pulse current treatment are as follows:
(1) and determining the dislocation density and the sample size of the A508-3 steel subjected to aging embrittlement, and determining parameters such as pulse current parameters, pulse current action time and the like according to the estimated dislocation density and sample size of the A508-3 steel.
(2) The A508-3 steel which is aged and embrittled is fixed on a pulse power supply by a clamp, and pulse current treatment is carried out according to planned parameters and time.
The appropriate pulse current parameters and pulse current treatment duration were selected according to the dislocation density and size of a508-3 steel samples:
aged brittle A508-3 steel with dislocation density of 1.26X 1014m-2The size of the pulse current is 0.5 multiplied by 5 multiplied by 25mm, the pulse current parameter is selected to be 190Hz, 180 mus and 195A, and the action time is 1 h;
aged brittle A508-3 steel with dislocation density of 1.26X 1014m-2The size of the pulse current is 1 multiplied by 10 multiplied by 25mm, the pulse current parameter is 500Hz, 20 mus and 175A, and the action time is 30 min;
aged brittle A508-3 steel with dislocation density of 5.41X 1013m-2The size is 1.5 multiplied by 10 multiplied by 30mm, the pulse current parameters are 500Hz, 84 mus and 800A, and the action time is 5 min.
When the method is applied to an actual reactor pressure vessel, the larger the A508-3 steel size is, the higher the frequency is, the larger the pulse width is, the larger the current is, the longer the action time is, and the action time is 2h-10 h.
The equipment adopted by the pulse current treatment is a pulse power supply.
The pulse current treatment of the aged and brittle A508-3 steel is carried out at room temperature.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. compared with the existing method for eliminating the aging embrittlement of the A508-3 steel, the method can treat the A508-3 steel subjected to aging embrittlement in an in-situ manner, so that the performance of the A508-3 steel subjected to aging embrittlement is recovered;
2. the invention can also reduce the temperature required for eliminating the aging embrittlement of the A508-3 steel to a certain degree, save energy and realize green manufacture.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the number of dislocation defects before pulse current treatment of steel A508-3 selected in example 2;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the number of dislocation defects after pulse current treatment of the A508-3 steel selected in example 2;
FIG. 3 shows the steel selected in example 2, steel A508-3, steel before and after pulse, steel-100oC charpy absorption work comparison plot.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, equivalents and alternatives which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, in the following detailed description of the present invention, certain specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting. The following are preferred examples of the present invention:
example 1:
the dislocation density of this example is 1.26X 1014m-2The aged and brittle A508-3 steel having a size of 0.5X 5X 25mm was subjected to a pulse current treatment. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the first step is as follows: according to the dislocation density and the sample size of the A508-3 steel, the parameter range of the pulse current is determined, the optimal pulse current parameter is determined to be 190Hz, 180 mus and 195A through the optimization parameter, and the action time is 1 h.
The second step is that: and fixing the aged and embrittled A508-3 steel at two output ends of a pulse power supply by using a clamp, and performing pulse power supply treatment for 1h at room temperature.
The third step: and (3) detecting the material after the pulse current treatment by using XRD to obtain the full width at half maximum of each diffraction peak, further calculating the dislocation density of the sample after the pulse current treatment, and comparing the dislocation density with the dislocation density of the sample before the pulse current treatment. As shown in Table 1, the pulse current treatment method of the present invention was employed to eliminate dislocation defects in the aged brittle A508-3 steel to some extent.
The fourth step: with reference to GB/T229-2007 standard, 55X 10X 5mm Charpy impact test samples were prepared at-100oC Charpy impact test, record-100oCharpy impact absorption work of the samples before and after the C-clock pulse current treatment.
Example 2:
as shown in FIGS. 1 to 2, the dislocation density of the present example is 1.26X 1014m-2Aged brittle A508-3 steel having a size of 1X 10X 25mm was subjected to pulse current treatment. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the first step is as follows: according to the sample size of A508-3 steel, the parameter range of the pulse current is determined, the optimal pulse current parameter is determined to be 500Hz, 20 mus and 175A through optimization parameters, and the action time is 30 min.
The second step is that: the A508-3 steel subjected to aging embrittlement was fixed at both output ends of a pulse power supply by a jig, and subjected to pulse current treatment at room temperature for 30 min.
The third step: and (3) detecting the material after the pulse current treatment by using XRD to obtain the full width at half maximum of each diffraction peak, further calculating the dislocation density of the sample after the pulse current treatment, and comparing the dislocation density with the dislocation density of the sample before the pulse current treatment. As shown in Table 1, the pulse current treatment method of the present invention was employed to eliminate dislocation defects in the aged brittle A508-3 steel to some extent.
The fourth step: with reference to GB/T229-2007 standard, 55X 10X 5mm Charpy impact test samples were prepared at-100oC Charpy impact test, record-100oCharpy impact absorption work of the samples before and after the C-clock pulse current treatment.
Example 3:
the dislocation density of this example is 5.41X 1013m-2Aged brittle A508-3 steel having a size of 1.5X 10X 30mm was subjected to pulse current treatment. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the first step is as follows: according to the sample size of A508-3 steel, the parameter range of the pulse current is determined, the parameters are optimized, the optimal pulse current parameters are determined to be 500Hz, 84 mus and 800A, and the action time is 5 min.
The second step is that: the A508-3 steel subjected to aging embrittlement was fixed at both output ends of a pulse power supply by a jig, and pulse current treatment was performed at room temperature for 5 min.
The third step: and (3) detecting the material after the pulse current treatment by using XRD to obtain the full width at half maximum of each diffraction peak, further calculating the dislocation density of the sample after the pulse current treatment, and comparing the dislocation density with the dislocation density of the sample before the pulse current treatment. As shown in Table 1, the pulse current treatment method of the present invention was employed to eliminate dislocation defects in the aged brittle A508-3 steel to some extent.
The fourth step: with reference to GB/T229-2007 standard, 55X 10X 5mm Charpy impact test samples were prepared at-100oC Charpy impact test, record-100oCharpy impact absorption work of the samples before and after the C-clock pulse current treatment.
TABLE 1 variation of dislocation density in A508-3 steels selected for use in the examples
| Pulsed Current treatment of the sample (m)-2) | |
| Example 1 | 9.61×1013 |
| Example 2 | 6.26×1013 |
| Example 3 | 3.55×1013 |
As described above, the best embodiment of the steel sample A508-3 of the present invention is only, in the present invention, the time range of 5min-2h is based on the sample size range of the steel A508-3 in the laboratory, and the pulse current processing time for the steel A508-3 is changed with the size of the steel itself when the steel is applied to practical production, and the maximum applied current time is limited to 10 h.
The scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any person skilled in the art can substitute similar materials, devices or adjust related technical parameters within the technical scope of the present invention by the technical solution of the present invention and the inventive concept, and shall be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for eliminating aging embrittlement of A508-3 steel by pulse current, which carries out pulse current treatment on the aging and embrittlement A508-3 steel, wherein the A508-3 steel is used for manufacturing a reactor pressure vessel, and the parameter range of the pulse current treatment is as follows: the frequency is 1-2000 Hz, the pulse width is 20 mus-1 ms, the current is 10-5000A, the acting time is 5 min-10 h, the method greatly reduces the dislocation defect quantity of the A508-3 steel which is aged and embrittled, and the pulse current treatment comprises the following specific steps:
(1) determining the dislocation density and the sample size of the aged A508-3 steel, and determining a pulse current parameter and a pulse current action time parameter according to the determined dislocation density and the sample size of the A508-3 steel;
(2) and fixing the aged A508-3 steel at two output ends of a pulse power supply by using a clamp, and continuously applying pulses until corresponding time.
2. The method for eliminating the aging embrittlement of the A508-3 steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the appropriate pulse current parameters and pulse current action time are selected according to the dislocation density and sample size of the A508-3 steel:
aged brittle A508-3 steel with dislocation density of 1.26X 1014m-2The size is 0.5 multiplied by 5 multiplied by 25mm, the pulse current parameters are selected to be 190Hz, 180 mus and 195A, and the action time is 1 h.
3. The method for eliminating the aging embrittlement of the A508-3 steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the appropriate pulse current parameters and pulse current action time are selected according to the dislocation density and sample size of the A508-3 steel:
aged brittle A508-3 steel with dislocation density of 1.26X 1014m-2The size is 1 × 10 × 25mm, the pulse current parameters are selected to be 500Hz, 20 μ s and 175A, and the action time is 30 min.
4. The method for eliminating the aging embrittlement of the A508-3 steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the appropriate pulse current parameters and pulse current action time are selected according to the dislocation density and sample size of the A508-3 steel:
aged brittle A508-3 steel with dislocation density of 5.41X 1013m-2The size is 1.5 multiplied by 10 multiplied by 25mm, the pulse current parameters are selected to be 500Hz, 84 mus and 800A, and the action time is 5 min.
5. The method for eliminating the aging embrittlement of the A508-3 steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the appropriate pulse current parameters and pulse current action time are selected according to the dislocation density and sample size of the A508-3 steel:
when the method is applied to an actual reactor pressure vessel, the larger the A508-3 steel size is, the higher the frequency is, the larger the pulse width is, the larger the current is, the longer the action time is, and the action time is 2h-10 h.
6. The method for eliminating the aging embrittlement of A508-3 steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method further comprises the step (3): the pulsed material was tested by preparing charpy impact test specimens.
7. The method for eliminating the aging embrittlement of A508-3 steel as claimed in claim 6, wherein the step (3) specifically comprises:
3-1: detecting the material treated by the pulse current by using XRD (X-ray diffraction), obtaining the half-height width of each diffraction peak, further calculating the dislocation density of the sample treated by the pulse current, and comparing the dislocation density with the dislocation density of the sample before the pulse current treatment;
3-2: referring to the standard GB/T229-.
8. The method for eliminating the aging embrittlement of A508-3 steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the equipment used for the pulse current treatment is a pulse power supply.
9. The method for eliminating the aging embrittlement of the A508-3 steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pulse current treatment is performed on the A508-3 steel at room temperature.
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| US6338765B1 (en) * | 1998-09-03 | 2002-01-15 | Uit, L.L.C. | Ultrasonic impact methods for treatment of welded structures |
| US20070068605A1 (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2007-03-29 | U.I.T., Llc | Method of metal performance improvement and protection against degradation and suppression thereof by ultrasonic impact |
| CN101705340B (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2011-07-20 | 上海大学 | Method and device for thermally treating pulse current |
| US20140042342A1 (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2014-02-13 | Xenon Corporation | Flash lamps in a continuous motion process |
| CN108315549B (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2019-12-24 | 北京科技大学 | Method for regenerating aged duplex stainless steel performance under action of pulse current |
| CN108531710A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-09-14 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of method that pulse current quickly improves 30MnSi steel corrosion resistances |
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