CN110041048A - A method of metallic copper in waste is stablized by the generation of spinelle - Google Patents
A method of metallic copper in waste is stablized by the generation of spinelle Download PDFInfo
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- CN110041048A CN110041048A CN201910286992.1A CN201910286992A CN110041048A CN 110041048 A CN110041048 A CN 110041048A CN 201910286992 A CN201910286992 A CN 201910286992A CN 110041048 A CN110041048 A CN 110041048A
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- waste
- red mud
- metallic copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1321—Waste slurries, e.g. harbour sludge, industrial muds
- C04B33/1322—Red mud
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1328—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues without additional clay
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/80—Phases present in the sintered or melt-cast ceramic products other than the main phase
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of methods for stablizing metallic copper in waste by the generation of spinelle, the described method comprises the following steps: (1) measuring the content of iron oxide in red mud；(2) it is further uniformly dispersed after the waste containing metallic copper being crushed combination drying with red mud according to weight ratio, obtains waste and red mud mixture；(3) the mixture compression moulding for obtaining step (2)；(4) sample of step (3) compression moulding is calcined at 900-1100 DEG C.The present invention is sustainably mixed with the waste containing metallic copper using industrial waste red mud, the crystalline product that chemical property is stable and acid-resisting is high can be converted hazardous waste to using low temperature heat-treatment process, so that the waste containing metallic copper is easily managed, risk in the environment is reduced；Red mud is recycled, the harm for reducing waste to environment can not only be improved, moreover it is possible to waste reclamation；For the method for the present invention products obtained therefrom in acidic environment, anti-leaching performance is good, and consumption energy is small at low cost.
Description
Technical field
The application belongs to heavy metal contaminants process field in waste, and in particular to a kind of steady by the generation of spinelle
Determine the method for metallic copper in waste.
Background technique
The industrialization of rapid development causes more and more heavy metals to be released in environment.Heavy metal pollution becomes one
Serious environmental problem, because it is different from organic substance, heavy metal is not biodegradable, and can pass through conversion, and
It is accumulated in the ecosystem.Other than causing serious environmental problem, heavy metal it is a large amount of release also with the hair of fatal disease
Sick rate increases closely bound up.If these waste materials rich in heavy metal have not been properly disposed of, these are rich in heavy metal
Waste material can have an adverse effect to environment, public health and economy.The contaminated by heavy metals soil in many cities and agricultural district
Have an adverse effect with water body to agricultural production even human health.In addition, the waste containing various heavy and waste water are logical simultaneously
It often will lead to comprehensive toxicity.Therefore, it is necessary to develop the method for reliable processing heavy metal pollution to help to solve the dirt of these environment
Dye problem.
The prior art has studied adsorbent and cement to the fixed function of toxic metals, and treated product
Leaching performance.The common method for handling heavy metal includes curing/stabilizing technology and vitrification.Curing/stabilizing technology
The package that frame can be interlocked by hydrated mineral, converts the stable solid of chemical property for hazardous waste.To containing heavy metal
Treatment of wastes produced mainly has curing/stabilizing processing and two approach of resource utilization.In many cases, such as in acyclic acidic
In border, absorption and effect of the sintering process products therefrom in terms of anti-leaching used in curing/stabilizing technology are relatively poor.
In addition, vitrification usually requires to consume huge energy, it will huge energy consumption is expended, it is uneconomical.
China Patent Publication No. CN108543517A has invented red mud and the mixture of carbon source carries out oxygen barrier calcining, obtains red
Mud base iron carbon material, recycles the heavy metal ion in red mud base iron carbon material removal waste water, which also needs to introduce largely
Carbon source, the heavy metal for expending more resources, while being only suitable in water removal, and uncomfortable to the heavy metal in solid waste
With.China Patent Publication No. CN105801046A has invented one kind by cement hardener, stabilizing additive, adsorbent, stabilizer
Inorganic agent is formed, cadmium waste residue stable curing will be contained into the body of residue stabilization containing cadmium, then cadmium residue stabilization body landfill will be contained, but it is solid
Change, complex treatment process more using pharmaceutical products, applicability is not strong.China Patent Publication No. CN102560124 describes one kind
Rotary kiln carries out harmless reclamation of solid waste of heavy metal, which realizes the zero-emission of waste water, waste residue, the circulation of resource and comprehensive benefit
With, but its technical process is also easy to produce secondary pollution；China Patent Publication No. CN104475431A describes a kind of high poison waste residue
Stabilisation curing method, the method chemical stabilization and cladding, solidification etc. to mercury, arsenic, chromium, cadmium, cyanide high poison endanger
Dangerous waste has carried out stabilizing solidification.But it needs to carry out repeatedly cladding solidification, and cumbersome is difficult to be widely used in engineering reality
In border.In addition, this method may be corroded by percolate in acid condition, there are the risks of secondary pollution.Chinese patent discloses
Number CN101824543 introduces the vulcanizing treatment and the wherein method of valuable metal recovery of heavy metal waste, and the method is using vulcanization
The techniques such as method combination high pressure, high temperature, flotation carry out vulcanization recycling to valuable metal, and the vulcanization for being also used for heavy metal waste slag stabilizes
Processing, realizes innoxious, the disposal of resources of heavy metal waste slag, but there are heavy metal recoveries not exclusively, cost is too high asks
Topic.Chinese patent CN101747902A is described using trade waste as the environmentally protective soil-solidified-agent of main material and its use
Method, the trade waste which uses include flyash, blast-furnace cinder or silicon powder, and content is 40~70%, in addition
Add pre-gelatinized starch 10~30%, Sodium Polyacrylate 10~30%.The curing agent can simultaneously be planted greening with curing soil and be planted
Object, but it is bad to the solidification effect of heavy metal, and under acid condition, heavy metal dissolves out again.Since waste residue phase structure is complicated, has
Valence tenor is relatively low, and the technical difficulty of synthetical recovery and resource utilization is larger, so common stabilisation/curing process obtains
Solidified body influenced by extraneous unstable factor after will cause inclusion body rupture, cause noxious material in waste to be percolated out again
Come.Therefore, it is necessary to develop a kind of pair of effective stabilization treatment method of metal waste.
Summary of the invention
A kind of generation by spinelle is provided it is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art place
Stablize the method for metallic copper in waste.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: waste is stablized in a kind of generation by spinelle
The method of middle metallic copper, the described method comprises the following steps:
(1) content of iron oxide in red mud is measured；
(2) it is further uniformly dispersed, obtains after the waste containing metallic copper being crushed combination drying with red mud according to weight ratio
To waste and red mud mixture；
(3) the mixture compression moulding for obtaining step (2)；
(4) sample of step (3) compression moulding is calcined at 900-1100 DEG C.
The present invention is sustainably mixed with the waste containing metallic copper using industrial waste red mud, using Low Temperature Heat Treatment work
Skill can convert hazardous waste to the crystalline product that chemical property is stable and acid-resisting is high, so that the waste containing metallic copper is easy
In management, risk in the environment is reduced；Red mud is recycled, the harm for reducing waste to environment can not only be improved, moreover it is possible to waste
It recycles；For the method for the present invention products obtained therefrom in acidic environment, anti-leaching performance is good, and consumption energy is small at low cost.
Preferably, the temperature calcined in step (4) is 1100 DEG C, and the time of calcining is 0.5-3 hours.
Preferably, the gradient of temperature speed calcined in step (4) is 10 DEG C/min.
Inventor is by experiment discovery repeatedly, and when sintering temperature is 1100 DEG C, sintering time is short, is conducive to energy saving
Reduce cost.
Preferably, metallic copper includes copper oxide, Kocide SD or copper simple substance in the waste.
Preferably, the content for the copper oxide (CuO) for including in the waste is no more than iron oxide weight in the red mud
20%.
Preferably, temperature dry in step (2) is 105 DEG C, and the dry time is for 24 hours.
Preferably, the method that heavy metal waste and red mud are pulverized and mixed in step (2) are as follows: waste and red mud are in 60rpm
Under the conditions of grind 18h in ball mill.
Preferably, red mud is dried into 10h at 120 DEG C before iron oxide content in step (1) measurement red mud.
Preferably, the pressure of compression moulding is 250MPa in step (3), and molded samples partial size is
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention provides a kind of generations by spinelle to stablize metal in waste
The method of copper, the method have the advantages that:
(1) the raw materials used waste material carried in aluminium refining process of this method, i.e. red mud, so that useless red mud is made
For a kind of feasible resource utilization method for stablizing the waste containing metallic copper, waste utilization is realized；
(2) present invention is by red mud and the sintering of the waste containing metallic copper, all metal in waste (copper oxide,
Kocide SD or copper simple substance) it can be integrated in spinel crystal lattice with crystal phase, formation chemical property is stable and acid-resisting is high
Crystalline product, and due to its good acid resistance, powerful spinelle can limit the mobility of toxic metals copper, so that this hair
Bright gained sintered product has good anti-leaching performance；
(3) ratio and optimal conditions are added present invention optimizes optimal red mud and waste, makes to maximally utilize
Red mud, and generate the good cured product of stability allows after stablizing product that brick/watt for building purposes is made, or
More safely it is arranged in refuse landfill；
(4) present invention process is simple, it is only necessary to common inexpensive industrial waste red mud abundant is used, by simple
Sintering method effectively can sinter the waste containing metallic copper into spinelle with red mud, and significant decrease exists metal waste
Mobility in environment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the method for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the XRD diagram for the product that embodiment of the present invention method obtains.
Specific embodiment
To better illustrate the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, below in conjunction with specific embodiment to the present invention
It is described further.
Embodiment 1
Red mud from aluminium refinery (is mainly contained into Fe2O3And Al2O3) drying 10h is spare at 120 DEG C.
As a kind of method for stablizing metallic copper in waste by the generation of spinelle of the embodiment of the present invention, the side
Method the following steps are included:
(1) using component contained by XRF spectrum analysis measurement red mud, the content of iron oxide in red mud is determined；
(2) according to weight ratio, the red mud after the waste containing copper oxide and drying is mixed, and is existed with ball mill
Sample mixture of the ball milling after complete is dried for 24 hours at 105 DEG C, is then ground with agate mortar by ball milling 18h under the conditions of 60rpm
10min is further homogenized；
(3) sample obtained as above is depressed to the pellet of φ 20mm in 250MPa pressure；
It (4) is 1100 DEG C in temperature, gradient of temperature speed calcines 3h under the conditions of being 10 DEG C/min；
Wherein, CuO and the weight ratio of iron oxide in the red mud after drying are 10%.
Embodiment 2
As a kind of method for stablizing metallic copper in waste by the generation of spinelle of the embodiment of the present invention, this implementation
Example and the difference of embodiment 1 are as follows: CuO and it is dry after red mud in the weight ratio of iron oxide be 15%.
Embodiment 3
As a kind of method for stablizing metallic copper in waste by the generation of spinelle of the embodiment of the present invention, this implementation
Example and the difference of embodiment 1 are as follows: CuO and it is dry after red mud in the weight ratio of iron oxide be 20%.
Embodiment 4
As a kind of method for stablizing metallic copper in waste by the generation of spinelle of the embodiment of the present invention, this implementation
Example and the difference of embodiment 1 are as follows: CuO and it is dry after red mud in the weight ratio of iron oxide be 5%.
Embodiment 5
As a kind of method for stablizing metallic copper in waste by the generation of spinelle of the embodiment of the present invention, this implementation
The difference of example and embodiment 3 are as follows: the time calcined in step (4) is 0.5 hour.
Comparative example 1
Red mud from aluminium refinery (is mainly contained into Fe2O3And Al2O3) drying 10h is spare at 120 DEG C.
As a kind of method for stablizing metallic copper in waste by the generation of spinelle of comparative example of the present invention, the side
Method the following steps are included:
(1) using component contained by XRF spectrum analysis measurement red mud, the content of iron oxide in red mud is determined；
(2) according to weight ratio, the red mud after the waste containing metallic copper and drying is mixed, and is existed with ball mill
Sample mixture of the ball milling after complete is dried for 24 hours at 105 DEG C, is then ground with agate mortar by ball milling 18h under the conditions of 60rpm
10min is further homogenized；
(3) sample obtained as above is depressed to the pellet of φ 20mm in 250MPa pressure；
It (4) is 900 DEG C in temperature, gradient of temperature speed calcines 18h under the conditions of being 10 DEG C/min；
Wherein, CuO and the weight ratio of iron oxide in the red mud after drying are 20%.
Comparative example 2
As a kind of method for stablizing metallic copper in waste by the generation of spinelle of comparative example of the present invention, this comparison
Example and the difference of embodiment 1 are as follows: CuO and it is dry after red mud in the weight ratio of iron oxide be 25%.
Experimental example 1
The product grind into powder that embodiment 1- embodiment 5, comparative example 1-2 are obtained, and use x-ray powder diffraction instrument
Record the XRD diagram of each powder sample.
As shown in Fig. 2, comparison implement 1- embodiment 4 and comparative example 1 as a result, it has been found that, with the increase of CuO dosage,
Fe2O3Diffracted signal disappear.This is because the consumption that Cu-Fe spinelle forms middle bloodstone increases.When the dosage of CuO
When more than 20%, the feature diffracted signal of CuO is detected, this shows no enough Fe2O3Calcination reaction is participated in, causes CuO rich
Remaining, therefore, when using red mud Treatment of Copper waste, CuO amount should be no more than 20% of the iron oxide weight in red mud.
Comparing embodiment 5 and comparative example 2 as a result, discovery when calcination temperature is 900 DEG C, needs to calcine 18h or more
CuO can be made to be fully converted to Cu-Fe spinelle, and when temperature is 1100 DEG C, it is only necessary to 0.5h.Therefore calcination temperature improves
The efficiency that CuO is converted into Cu-Fe spinelle can be greatly improved to 1100 DEG C, calcination time is short energy saving.
Experimental example 2
Using copper oxide as blank control, the product (copper-hercynite) that embodiment 3 obtains in the process of the present invention is through standard
Toxicity lixiviation process (TCLP) carries out leaching experiment.
The results are shown in Table 1, in the leachate of embodiment product the concentration of copper much smaller than in copper oxide leachate copper it is dense
Degree, illustrates that the method for the present invention forms the crystalline product that chemical property is stable and acid-resisting is high, has good acid resistance and resists
Leaching performance.
The not stabilized copper oxide of table 1. and be formed by copper-hercynite through standard toxicity lixiviation process (TCLP) leach
Copper concentration in leachate (No. 2 leachates, initial pH=2.9) afterwards.
| Extraction time | 10th day | 26th day |
| Copper oxide, mg/L | 2400 | 2650 |
| Copper and iron spinelle, mg/L | 10 | 15 |
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention rather than protects to the present invention
The limitation of range is protected, although the invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should
Understand, it can be with modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention are made, without departing from the essence of technical solution of the present invention
And range.
Claims (9)
1. it is a kind of by spinelle generation stablize waste in metallic copper method, which is characterized in that the method includes with
Lower step:
(1) content of iron oxide in red mud is measured；
(2) it is further uniformly dispersed, is given up after the waste containing metallic copper being crushed combination drying with red mud according to weight ratio
Gurry and red mud mixture；
(3) the mixture compression moulding for obtaining step (2)；
(4) sample of step (3) compression moulding is calcined at 900-1100 DEG C.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein metallic copper includes copper oxide, hydroxide in the waste
At least one of copper, elemental copper.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein step (4) in calcine temperature be 1100 DEG C, calcining when
Between be 0.5-3 hours.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the content for the copper oxide for including in the waste is no more than
The 20% of iron oxide weight in the red mud.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein temperature dry in step (2) is 105 DEG C, when dry
Between for for 24 hours.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein the method that waste and red mud are pulverized and mixed in step (2)
Are as follows: waste and red mud grind 18h in ball mill under the conditions of 60rpm.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein by red mud before iron oxide content in step (1) measurement red mud
10h is dried at 120 DEG C.
8. the method according to claim 1, wherein in step (3) compression moulding pressure be 250 MPa, at
Type sample particle diameter is
9. the method according to claim 1, wherein step (4) in calcining when temperature ramp rate be 10 DEG C/
min。
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113754400A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-12-07 | 北科蕴宏环保科技(北京)有限公司 | Cemented filling material for mine and preparation method and application thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102994747A (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2013-03-27 | 郴州市金贵银业股份有限公司 | Technology for recovering metallic copper from high-lead copper matte |
| CN108751974A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-11-06 | 广州大学 | A method of from fixing cadmium in incineration slag containing cadmium |
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2019
- 2019-04-09 CN CN201910286992.1A patent/CN110041048A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102994747A (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2013-03-27 | 郴州市金贵银业股份有限公司 | Technology for recovering metallic copper from high-lead copper matte |
| CN108751974A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-11-06 | 广州大学 | A method of from fixing cadmium in incineration slag containing cadmium |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| MINHUA SU ET AL.: "Evaluation on the stabilization of Zn/Ni/Cu in spinel forms: Low-cost red mud as an effective precursor", 《ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113754400A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-12-07 | 北科蕴宏环保科技(北京)有限公司 | Cemented filling material for mine and preparation method and application thereof |
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