CN110039220A - A kind of underwater wet process laser welding adjuvant and the preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
A kind of underwater wet process laser welding adjuvant and the preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110039220A CN110039220A CN201910171192.5A CN201910171192A CN110039220A CN 110039220 A CN110039220 A CN 110039220A CN 201910171192 A CN201910171192 A CN 201910171192A CN 110039220 A CN110039220 A CN 110039220A
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- parts
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- laser welding
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/362—Selection of compositions of fluxes
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of underwater wet process laser welding adjuvant and the preparation method and application thereof.Adjuvant of the invention contains by the raw material of following parts by weight, and 10-15 parts of calcirm-fluoride, 10-20 parts of titanium dioxide, 10-15 parts of calcium carbonate, 10-15 parts of aluminium, 25-40 parts of iron oxide.When the workpiece surface depth of water is no more than 8mm, position to be welded is coated on using adjuvant of the invention, can directly carry out underwater wet welding, adjuvant of the invention can increase underwater wet process laser welding fusion penetration, and play a protective role to weld seam.Under the same welding conditions, underwater laser welding is carried out using adjuvant of the invention, fusion penetration can increase to 5mm or so, the technical problem that can not be welded when fusion penetration is small, the workpiece surface depth of water is more than 7mm when solving underwater wet welding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to underwater wet process technical field of laser welding, and in particular, to one kind is suitable for underwater wet process laser
Adjuvant of welding and the preparation method and application thereof.
Background technique
With comprehensive development of national marine strategy, the oil-gas pipelines such as offshore oil field, natural gas and ocean engineering are increasingly
Increase, underwater welding technology has been increasingly used in marine cause, among the assembling and maintenance of ocean engineering.Naval vessel,
The conventional training of amphibious equipment, lash-up recovering and marine fishing are rescued etc. in operations, and Underwater Welding is also very important technology
Means.Especially for current many in-service nuclear power stations, with gradually increasing for active time, reactor internal element starts
There is phenomena such as corrosion and fatigue and stress corrosion cracking (SCC), needs to carry out Underwater Welding maintenance.
It is most convenient and the most widely used welding method of use that wet process, which is welded in Underwater Welding, since it does not need to adopt
It takes special pumping equipment that can directly be welded in water, has equipment simple, at low cost, flexible and convenient operation adapts to
The features such as property is strong.The mainly underwater wet process arc welding that current Underwater Welding uses.
Laser welding has the advantages that speed of welding is fast, heat input is small, heat affected area is small, residual stress level is low etc., furthermore
For Underwater Welding, laser beam can be transmitted to position to be welded by optical fiber distance, and welding system can simplify and concentrate,
Therefore it has a wide range of application, and can be used for narrow working region.But due to the presence of water environment when wet process is welded, lead to laser
Power sharp-decay can not achieve water often when workpiece surface is more than 7mm apart from the depth of water when reaching workpiece surface across water
Lower laser welding, and underwater wet process laser welding is completed, it is necessary that the workpiece surface depth of water must not exceed 7mm, and it is
Guarantee welding quality, will also further decrease the depth of water, just can guarantee that welding penetration reaches requirement, this gives underwater wet process Laser Welding
It connects and has formulated harsh operating condition, increase the difficulty of welding operation, reduce the stability of welding to a certain extent, seriously
Limit the application of underwater wet process laser welding.
Tsinghua University laser machine research center Zhang Xudong professor the study found that using 4000W Nd:YAG laser into
For row underwater wet welding when the depth of water is more than 4mm, fusion penetration drops suddenly to 1mm or less.Harbin Institute of Technology is advanced to weld and connects
Connect National Key Laboratory Feng Jicai professor research shows that: using 3000W optical fiber laser carry out underwater wet welding when, when
The depth of water increases to 6mm or more, welding quality degradation, and fusion penetration, molten wide strongly reduce, and weld seam is discontinuous, when the depth of water reaches 8mm
When, welding can not carry out.The reason of this phenomenon occur, to be that the plasma generated when laser welding has laser very strong
Shielding action, water is to the absorption of laser, reflection, scattering, refraction etc. in addition, seriously reduces the energy that laser reaches face of weld
Amount, the decaying of laser energy directly result in welding and can not carry out, this seriously constrains the development of underwater wet welding and answers
With.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of underwater wet process laser welding adjuvant,
Increase the solderable depth of water apart from while, increase the stability of welding penetration and weld seam.
A kind of laser welding adjuvant provided by the invention, contains the raw material by following parts by weight, calcirm-fluoride 10-15
Part, 20-25 parts of titanium dioxide, 10-15 parts of calcium carbonate, 10-15 parts of aluminium, 25-40 parts of iron oxide.
Preferably, laser welding adjuvant provided by the invention contains the raw material by following parts by weight, calcirm-fluoride 12-
15 parts, 20-24 parts of titanium dioxide, 10-13 parts of calcium carbonate, 11-14 parts of aluminium, 36-40 parts of iron oxide.
It is highly preferred that laser welding adjuvant provided by the invention, contains the raw material by following parts by weight, calcirm-fluoride
13-15 parts, 20-23 parts of titanium dioxide, 10-12 parts of calcium carbonate, 12-14 parts of aluminium, 36-39 parts of iron oxide.
Most preferably, laser welding adjuvant provided by the invention contains the raw material by following parts by weight, calcirm-fluoride 14
Part, 23 parts of titanium dioxide, 11 parts of calcium carbonate, 13 parts of aluminium, 39 parts of iron oxide.
Adjuvant of the present invention is spherical shape or spherical powdered, and partial size is 150-300 mesh.
The present invention provides application of the laser welding in adjuvant under water wet process laser welding metal workpiece.
Further, when being welded using laser welding of the invention with adjuvant, laser welding is coated with adjuvant
The surface depth of water≤8mm after welded workpiece.
The present invention provides the laser welding with adjuvant under water wet process laser welding increase welding penetration and/or
Protect the application in weld seam.
Further, in use, being to obtain paste mixing after mixing binder with adjuvant with the laser welding
Object is uniformly coated on position to be welded, after paste mixture is fully cured, carries out underwater wet process laser welding.
Binder such as acrylate commonly used in the art is made after mixing with curing agent (AB glue), and binder is swashed with described
Photocoagulation is mixed with adjuvant according to conventional ratio, obtains paste mixture after mixing evenly, is uniformly coated on to be welded
Position after object to be mixed is fully cured, carries out underwater wet process laser welding.The present invention selects binder to primarily serve will be of the invention
Laser welding be bonded in the effect on welding workpiece surface with adjuvant, during practical coating, those skilled in the art can root
Binder is added according to experience, binder is very little, and welding is imbued with mobility with adjuvant, is unfavorable for obtaining smooth coat；
Binder is too many, can form one layer of cured layer in coating layer surface after solidification, unfavorable to welding.Therefore in practical operation, this
Field technical staff can select binder according to the actual situation and determine the dosage of preferable binder.
Further, paste mixture (mixture of binder and laser welding adjuvant of the invention) when application
Coated in metal position to be welded with a thickness of 1-2mm, the workpiece surface depth of water≤8mm after laser welding adjuvant is coated at this time.
3000~6000W of laser power, 5~15mm/s of speed of welding, defocusing amount -3~+3mm.
The metal includes but is not limited to titanium alloy, 2024 aluminium alloys, aluminium bronze, carbon steel.
It having particular application as, (1) welding adjuvant contains 10-15 parts of calcirm-fluoride, and 20-25 parts of titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate 10-15
Part, 10-15 parts of aluminium, 25-40 parts of iron oxide.Calcirm-fluoride, titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate, aluminium, croci are uniformly mixed；
(2) after mixing acrylate and curing agent according to the ratio of volume ratio 1:1, then mix with adjuvant, stirring is
Mixture paste is obtained after even.
The effect of acrylate and curing agent herein is that adjuvant is bonded in surface of workpiece to be welded, with resistance to
Water immersion, heat-resisting feature, to guarantee to fall off from surface of workpiece to be welded during adjuvant welds under water.
(3) it is polished metal position to be welded, pickling, the pretreatment such as cleaning；
(4) obtained paste mixture is uniformly coated on position to be welded, thickness 1-2mm；
(5) after the curing be complete, then underwater wet process laser welding is carried out, coats the work after laser welding adjuvant at this time
The part surface depth of water≤8mm.Further, device therefor is optical fiber laser when underwater wet process laser welding.
Ingenious design of the formula and dosage of welding adjuvant of the invention from inventor and screening is repeatedly practised, this
The characteristics of invention is low to laser reflectivity using metal powder, can be improved utilization ratio of laser energy, selects aluminium powder as auxiliary
One of auxiliary component；Using calcium carbonate as gas-forming agent, protective gas is generated in welding, metal and ambient enviroment will be melted
Keeping apart prevents moisture from entering weld seam.As slag former, the slag of formation is covered on face of weld protection for calcirm-fluoride, titanium dioxide
Weld metal cools down weld metal slowly, is conducive to the evolution of gas in weld metal, reduces the generation of stomata, obtains beautiful
Appearance of weld, while gas-slag synergy plays protecting effect to weld seam；Using the exothermic reaction between aluminium and iron oxide,
Increase thermal weld stress；The components such as titanium dioxide, calcirm-fluoride, calcium carbonate can change in molten bath liquid metal flows direction to
Increase welding penetration.
Welding adjuvant provided by the invention is while increasing underwater wet process laser welding fusion penetration, due to component
Gas-slag Combined Protection opens weld seam and water segregation, is conducive to obtain the second best in quality weld seam.If not using welding in the prior art
Adjuvant, when the workpiece surface depth of water is 8mm, when directly carrying out underwater wet welding, the shielding due to plasma to laser
Effect causes welding that can not carry out；And after using welding adjuvant of the invention, under the same welding conditions, welding penetration
It can reach 5mm or so, the technical problem that can not be welded when fusion penetration is small, the depth of water is more than 7mm when solving underwater wet welding.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the underwater wet welding titanium of (2mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm) under different water depth when welding adjuvant is not used closes
Gold solder stitches macro morphology.
Fig. 2 is the underwater wet welding weld seam after the adjuvant using 1-3 of the embodiment of the present invention in depth of water 8mm
Macro morphology.
Fig. 3 using the embodiment of the present invention 3 adjuvant after underwater wet welding weld seam cross-sectional morphology.
Specific embodiment
The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..
If not specified, " % " in present specification is mass percent.If not specified, made in the present invention
Unclassified stores, raw material are the conventional raw material that can commercially obtain.Used equipment is also this field
Conventional equipment.Unmentioned operation is the routine operation of this field in the present invention.
A kind of welding adjuvant (1) of embodiment 1
By calcirm-fluoride (CaF2), titanium dioxide (TiO2), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), aluminium (Al), iron oxide (Fe2O3) composition,
Quality is respectively as follows: 12g, 23g, 10g, 11g, 40g.
According to above-mentioned mass percent by CaF2、TiO2、CaCO3、Al、Fe2O3Powder is uniformly mixed, and partial size is in 150-
It is spherical or spherical powdered within the scope of 300 mesh.
A kind of welding adjuvant (2) of embodiment 2
By calcirm-fluoride (CaF2), titanium dioxide (TiO2), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), aluminium (Al), iron oxide (Fe2O3) composition,
Quality is respectively as follows: 15g, 22g, 12g, 12g, 39g.
According to above-mentioned mass percent by CaF2、TiO2、CaCO3、Al、Fe2O3Powder is uniformly mixed, and partial size is in 150-
It is spherical or spherical powdered within the scope of 300 mesh.
A kind of welding adjuvant (3) of embodiment 3
By calcirm-fluoride (CaF2), titanium dioxide (TiO2), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), aluminium (Al), iron oxide (Fe2O3) composition,
Quality is respectively as follows: 14g, 23g, 11g, 13g, 39g.
According to above-mentioned mass percent by CaF2、TiO2、CaCO3、Al、Fe2O3Powder is uniformly mixed, and partial size is in 150-
It is spherical or spherical powdered within the scope of 300 mesh.
The application of the welding adjuvant of embodiment 4
In the embodiment of the present invention, the titanium alloy is TC4 plate, and specimen size is 80mm × 100mm × 8mm.
(1) acrylate and curing agent (modified amine) are mixed to get binder, binder according to the ratio of volume ratio 1:1
It is mixed respectively with welding made from embodiment 1-3 with adjuvant again, obtains 3 parts of mixtures paste after mixing evenly；
(2) titanium alloy position to be welded is refined, then uses HF+HNO3+H2The mixed liquor of O carries out pickling to remove titanium conjunction
The oxide layer of gold surface, is then cleaned using acetone；
(3) 3 parts of paste mixtures made from step (1) are uniformly coated on titanium alloy position to be welded respectively, thickness is about
1mm；
(4) 3 parts of paste mixture after curing completelies, then underwater wet process laser welding is carried out respectively.
In the present embodiment, when laser welding, equipment used was IPG 6000W optical fiber laser, used technological parameter
Are as follows: laser power 3000W, speed of welding 5mm/s, defocusing amount -2mm.In test after TC4 plate surface coating paste mixture
The workpiece face depth of water is 8mm.Control group is to be welded at different water depth (2mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm) without using when welding adjuvant
The macro morphology of welding seam.
See Fig. 1, the underwater laser welding that any welding adjuvant carries out usual manner is not used, weld seam is imitated under different water depth
Fruit has dramatically different, and when depth of water 2mm, under laser-impact effect, the water of matrix surface is arranged, and laser energy loss is less,
There is splashing around weld seam, weld seam is wide and reinforcement is big, face of weld out-of-flatness；When depth of water 4mm, splash phenomena makes moderate progress, weld seam
Wide and surface is more smooth, and welding heat affected zone is larger；When depth of water 6mm, weld seam is narrow, and reinforcement is small, and weld seam width is uneven, explanation
Welding has been in an unsure state；When the depth of water reaches 8mm, welding can not be carried out, and matrix only has in partial portion
Burn trace.Through measuring, when matrix surface depth of water 2mm, weld penetration 5.6mm；When matrix surface depth of water 4mm, weld penetration
For 4.4mm；When matrix surface depth of water 6mm, weld penetration 3.5mm；When matrix surface depth of water 8mm, can not effectively it be welded.
Fig. 2 is the underwater (work of paste of the coating containing welding compound of the present invention after the adjuvant using 1-3 of the embodiment of the present invention
Part surface depth of water 8mm) wet process welded seam macro morphology.Used technological parameter are as follows: laser power 3000W, welding speed
It is identical to spend the welding parameter that 5mm/s, defocusing amount -2mm, with Fig. 1 are shown.It is assisted using the welding of 1-3 of the embodiment of the present invention
After the weldering of agent polishes off the welding slag on surface, bright metallic luster is presented in weld seam, illustrates that adjuvant of the present invention plays weld seam
Good protective effect, while weld seam more uniform ground.It is wherein equal using the face of weld obtained after the adjuvant of embodiment 3
It is even smooth, it does not splash around weld seam, and have no obvious welding defect.
Present invention is alternatively directed to welding made from 1-3 of the embodiment of the present invention to be welded under 4mm the and 6mm depth of water with adjuvant
Connect experiment, the other parameters condition corresponding experiment condition with Fig. 2.As a result, it has been found that postwelding face of weld is covered by one layer of welding slag,
After removing welding slag, bright metallic luster is presented in weld seam, and even weld is beautiful, has no obvious shortcoming, illustrates that 1-3 of the present invention is implemented
The welding adjuvant of example has achieved the effect that increase fusion penetration, protection weld seam when the depth of water is not more than 8mm.
Fig. 3 is under the experiment condition of Fig. 2, and (coating is containing welding compound of the present invention after the adjuvant using the embodiment of the present invention 3
The workpiece surface depth of water 8mm of paste) underwater wet welding weld seam cross-sectional morphology, measurement weld penetration reached 5.3mm,
Average fusion penetration has reached 5mm or more.It can be seen that laser welding adjuvant of the invention can ensure workpiece surface depth of water 8mm's
In the case of, good welding is still realized, fusion penetration and weld seam effect meet or exceed welding requirements, solve underwater wet process weldering
The technical problem that can not be welded when fusion penetration is small when connecing, the workpiece surface depth of water is more than 7mm, equipment remanufacturing field has good under water
Good application prospect.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments,
On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, these modifications or improvements, fall within the scope of the claimed invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of laser welding adjuvant, which is characterized in that containing the raw material by following parts by weight, 10-15 parts of calcirm-fluoride, two
20-25 parts of titanium oxide, 10-15 parts of calcium carbonate, 10-15 parts of aluminium, 25-40 parts of iron oxide.
2. laser welding adjuvant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that containing the raw material by following parts by weight,
12-15 parts of calcirm-fluoride, 20-24 parts of titanium dioxide, 10-13 parts of calcium carbonate, 11-14 parts of aluminium, 36-40 parts of iron oxide.
3. laser welding adjuvant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that containing the raw material by following parts by weight,
13-15 parts of calcirm-fluoride, 20-23 parts of titanium dioxide, 10-12 parts of calcium carbonate, 12-14 parts of aluminium, 36-39 parts of iron oxide.
4. laser welding adjuvant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the raw material containing following parts by weight, fluorine
Change 14 parts of calcium, 23 parts of titanium dioxide, 11 parts of calcium carbonate, 13 parts of aluminium, 39 parts of iron oxide.
5. laser welding adjuvant according to claim 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the adjuvant be it is spherical or
Spherical powdered, partial size is 150-300 mesh.
6. any laser welding adjuvant of claim 1-5 answering in wet process laser welding metal workpiece under water
With.
7. application according to claim 6, which is characterized in that when welding, the workpiece surface depth of water≤8mm.
8. any laser welding of claim 1-5 with adjuvant under water wet process laser welding increase welding penetration and/
Or the application in protection weld seam.
9. according to application as claimed in claim 6 to 8, which is characterized in that by binder and the laser welding adjuvant
Paste mixture is obtained after mixing, is uniformly coated on position to be welded, after paste mixture is fully cured, is carried out underwater
Wet process laser welding.
10. application according to claim 9, which is characterized in that paste mixture is coated in welding position, is set with a thickness of 1-
2mm is then welded under water, coats the workpiece surface depth of water≤8mm after laser welding adjuvant, laser power at this time
3000~6000W, 5~15mm/s of speed of welding, defocusing amount -3~+3mm.
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| CN201910171192.5A CN110039220A (en) | 2019-03-07 | 2019-03-07 | A kind of underwater wet process laser welding adjuvant and the preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN201910171192.5A CN110039220A (en) | 2019-03-07 | 2019-03-07 | A kind of underwater wet process laser welding adjuvant and the preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110587136A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-12-20 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | Auxiliary agent for laser welding, application thereof and welding method |
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Application publication date: 20190723 |