CN110039155B - Bimetal electric arc additive manufacturing method adopting MIG/MAG as heat source - Google Patents
Bimetal electric arc additive manufacturing method adopting MIG/MAG as heat source Download PDFInfo
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- CN110039155B CN110039155B CN201910336296.7A CN201910336296A CN110039155B CN 110039155 B CN110039155 B CN 110039155B CN 201910336296 A CN201910336296 A CN 201910336296A CN 110039155 B CN110039155 B CN 110039155B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/23—Arc welding or cutting taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
- B23K9/232—Arc welding or cutting taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded of different metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bimetal electric arc additive manufacturing method adopting MIG/MAG as a heat source, which adopts a double-wire MIG/MAG welding machine as the heat source, welding wires A and B in the bimetal welding wires as deposited filling materials, utilizes additive manufacturing software to model a workpiece to be printed, determines the height of each layer of additive layer according to the material performance of the workpiece, and uses electric arc additive manufacturing slicing software to slice a part digital model in a Z direction according to the determined layer height, wherein the cladding mode of each layer of slice except the top layer is as follows: performing the square-shaped linear cladding on the outer wall by adopting a welding wire A, and performing the linear filling cladding on the inner layer by adopting a welding wire B; the cladding mode of the top layer slice is as follows: and carrying out linear filling cladding by adopting the welding wire A.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bimetal electric arc additive manufacturing method adopting MIG/MAG as a heat source, belonging to the technical field of directional energy deposition system equipment.
Background
Additive Manufacturing (AM) is commonly known as 3D printing, combines computer-aided design, material processing and molding technologies, and is a Manufacturing technology for Manufacturing solid articles by stacking special metal materials, non-metal materials and medical biomaterials layer by layer in modes of extrusion, sintering, melting, photocuring, spraying and the like through a software and numerical control system on the basis of a digital model file.
Additive manufacturing techniques are often used to manufacture models in the fields of mold manufacturing, industrial design, etc., and are gradually used for direct manufacturing of some products, and parts printed by using such techniques are already available. The technology has applications in jewelry, footwear, industrial design, construction, engineering and construction (AEC), automotive, aerospace, dental and medical industries, education, geographic information systems, civil engineering, firearms, and other fields.
The electric Arc Additive manufacturing technology (WAAM) is an advanced digital manufacturing technology which utilizes a layer-by-layer cladding principle, adopts electric arcs generated by welding machines such as Metal Inert Gas (MIG), Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) and a plasma welding power supply (PA) as heat sources, and gradually forms metal parts from a line-surface-body according to a three-dimensional digital model under the control of a software program by adding Wire materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a bimetal electric arc additive manufacturing method adopting MIG/MAG as a heat source, which can print parts which have requirements on the strength and the hardness of the outer layer of the part but have low requirements on the strength and the hardness of the inner layer of the product, such as parts of mining machinery: the crusher hammer, the chain wheel of the middle groove scraper, and the like have special performance requirements on the surface of the part, so that the preparation cost of the product can be effectively reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a double-wire MIG/MAG welding machine is used as a heat source, a welding wire A and a welding wire B in a double-wire welding wire are used as deposited filling materials, modeling is carried out on a workpiece to be printed by using additive manufacturing software, the height of each layer of additive layer is determined according to the material performance of the workpiece, the part digital model is sliced in a layering mode in the Z direction by using arc additive manufacturing slicing software according to the determined layer height, and the cladding mode of each layer of slice except the top layer is as follows: performing the square-shaped linear cladding on the outer wall by adopting a welding wire A, and performing the linear filling cladding on the inner layer by adopting a welding wire B; the cladding mode of the top layer slice is as follows: and carrying out linear filling cladding by adopting the welding wire A.
Wherein, the width of the single-pass cladding layer of the outer wall is 8-12 mm.
Wherein, the filling mode of the inner layer is as follows: each section of additive welding bead is filled in a straight line in a shape of a Chinese character 'hui', each section of additive welding bead is filled in a straight line along the X-axis direction, each section of additive welding bead is filled in a straight line along the Y-axis direction, or each section of additive welding bead is filled in a straight line in a zigzag shape.
The left side wall, the right side wall, the front side wall, the rear side wall and the top surface of the part prepared by the method are provided with outer wall layers which are 8-12 mm in thickness and formed by cladding welding wires A; if a thicker wall thickness is desired, several more cladding layers may be clad.
The method adopts a parallel slice planning path mode for filling, the unit area of each layer of slices except the top layer is S, and S is X% of welding wire A + (1-X%)% of welding wire B.
Wherein, when the straight line filling mode of inlayer adopts every section vibration material disk welding bead to be the dogleg shape and carries out the straight line and fill, the straight line filling contained angle of the inlayer of adjacent layer is 0 ~ 90.
In the method, the selection of the metal wire is determined or expected structural performance requirements, such as strength and hardness, according to the original product, namely the original product is made of any material or the expected structural performance requirements, and the material of the metal wire selected in the 3D printing process is basically the same as the material of the original product in composition or is the same as the expected performance requirements.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method adopts two different metal welding wires for weaving and cladding, the outer wall layer adopts the metal welding wire A with higher cost for filling and cladding, and the inner layer adopts the metal welding wire B with lower cost for filling and cladding, so that 3D printing parts which have requirements on the strength and the hardness of the outer layer of the part and have lower requirements on the strength and the hardness of the inner layer of the product, such as products of a middle groove scraper chain wheel of coal mine machinery, a crusher hammer of mining machinery and the like, can be obtained, and the material increasing method not only can effectively reduce the preparation cost of the product, but also can obtain the bimetal product meeting the requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a bottom surface of a print workpiece;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a top surface of a print workpiece;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an inner layer filled with a straight line in a shape of Chinese character 'hui';
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the inner layer being filled linearly in a zigzag shape;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of linear filling of each section of the additive weld bead of the inner layer along the X-axis/Y-axis direction;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the inner layers of two adjacent layers having a filling angle of 90 degrees when the inner layers are linearly filled in a zigzag shape;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a twin wire MIG/MAG welder in the method of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 7.
Detailed Description
The invention will be better understood from the following examples. However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the description of the embodiments is only for illustrating the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention as detailed in the claims.
The method adopts a double-wire MIG/MAG welding machine as a heat source, controls driving through additive manufacturing software, and leads two different wire metals in the double-wire welding machine to be alternately cladded, thereby carrying out the manufacturing process of electric arc additive.
In twin wire welding, each welding power source has its own independent control system and is equipped with an independently controlled wire feeder. A cooperative controller is arranged between the two welding power supplies, so that the perfect droplet transition fit time between the two welding wires can be obtained. Each welding power supply has continuous adjustable parameters, and the characteristics of the power supply can be adjusted according to base materials, filling metal and protective gas, so that a larger deposition rate can be obtained when a welding seam with a larger section is built up or a larger welding speed is used.
Modeling a workpiece to be printed by additive manufacturing software, determining the height of each layer of additive layer according to the material performance of the workpiece, carrying out layered slicing on a part digital model in the Z direction by using arc additive manufacturing slicing software according to the determined layer height to obtain a two-dimensional profile map of the part model, and generating an additive path corresponding to each point on each plane (each layer) by using a bias algorithm or a parallel line scanning algorithm.
The invention relates to a bimetal electric arc additive manufacturing method adopting MIG/MAG as a heat source, which adopts a double-wire MIG/MAG welding machine as the heat source, welding wires A and B in the bimetal welding wires as deposited filling materials, utilizes additive manufacturing software to model a workpiece to be printed, determines the height of each layer of additive layer according to the material performance of the workpiece, uses electric arc additive manufacturing slicing software to slice a part digital model in a Z direction according to the determined layer height, and adopts a cladding mode of each layer of slice except the top layer as follows: performing the square-shaped linear cladding on the outer wall by adopting a welding wire A, and performing the linear filling cladding on the inner layer by adopting a welding wire B; the cladding mode of the top layer slice is as follows: and carrying out linear filling cladding by adopting the welding wire A.
As shown in figures 1-2, the left side wall, the right side wall, the front side wall, the rear side wall and the top surface of the part prepared by the method provided by the invention are provided with outer wall layers which are 8-12 mm in thickness and formed by cladding welding wires A;
the thickness of the outer wall is 12-18 mm generally, the width of a single-pass cladding layer of the outer wall is 8-12 mm, namely the width of each material increase welding bead cladding of the outer wall is 8-12 mm, and therefore the outer wall needs to be subjected to material increase twice in a shape of a Chinese character 'hui'. The filling mode of the inner layer comprises the following steps: each section of additive welding bead is filled linearly in a shape like a Chinese character 'hui', as shown in fig. 3, each section of additive welding bead can be filled linearly along the direction of the X axis or each section of additive welding bead can be filled linearly along the direction of the Y axis, as shown in fig. 5, or each section of additive welding bead can be filled linearly in a shape of a broken line, as shown in fig. 4; when each section of additive welding bead is adopted in the linear filling mode of the inner layer to be in a zigzag shape for linear filling, the linear filling included angle of the inner layer of the adjacent layer is 0-90 degrees, as shown in fig. 6, and the linear filling included angle of the inner layer of the adjacent layer is 90 degrees.
The method adopts a parallel slice path planning mode to fill, the unit area of each layer of slices except the top layer is S, and S is X% of welding wire A + (1-X%)% of welding wire B.
The invention utilizes the double-metal wire welding as a heat source for electric arc additive manufacturing, two sets of independent power supplies and wire feeders respectively control wires (welding wires A and B) of two different types of metals, and what distinguishes the electric arc double-wire welding is that the welding wires A and B for the double-metal electric arc additive manufacturing are not simultaneously clad, but are linearly and alternately woven and clad according to a slicing path generated by additive manufacturing software. The proportion of the two metals in unit area or unit length of the bimetallic additive can be adjusted.
The inner layer filling mode shown in figure 5 of the invention is adopted to carry out bimetal arc additive manufacturing, and the method comprises the following steps: firstly, cleaning a substrate or a workpiece (aiming at the workpiece to be repaired), wherein the outer layer adopts a high-wear-resistance flux-cored low-slag welding wire (welding wire A) with the diameter of 1.6, the first layer adopts the current of 180A and the welding speed of 12mm/s, the inner layer adopts an ER316 welding wire (welding wire B) with the diameter of 1.2, the first layer adopts the current of 160A and the welding speed of 12mm/s, and the current can be adjusted according to the actual condition in the period; the welding current and the welding speed parameters of the welding wire A and the welding wire B are gradually reduced, the welding current is stabilized at about 160A and 150A, the heat input is adjusted according to the actual condition, the waiting time is set between layers, and the initial setting is 50s and can be adjusted. Printing product with volume of 110mm 85mm 57mm for 90min, and naturally cooling to room temperature after printing.
Claims (3)
1. A bimetal electric arc additive manufacturing method adopting MIG/MAG as a heat source is characterized in that: the method adopts a double-wire MIG/MAG welding machine as a heat source, welding wires A and B in the double-wire welding wires as deposited filling materials, utilizes additive manufacturing software to model a workpiece to be printed, determines the height of each layer of additive layer according to the material performance of the workpiece, uses arc additive manufacturing slicing software to slice a part digital model in a Z direction according to the determined layer height, and adopts a cladding mode of each layer of slice except the top layer as follows: performing the square-shaped linear cladding on the outer wall by adopting a welding wire A, and performing the linear filling cladding on the inner layer by adopting a welding wire B; cleaning a workpiece to be repaired, wherein an outer layer adopts a flux-cored low-slag welding wire with the diameter of 1.6 as a welding wire A, the first layer adopts the current of 180A and the welding speed of 12mm/s, an inner layer adopts an ER316 welding wire with the diameter of 1.2 as a welding wire B, the first layer adopts the current of 160A and the welding speed of 12mm/s, the welding current and the welding speed parameters of the welding wire A and the welding wire B are gradually reduced, the welding current is stabilized at 160A and 150A, the waiting time is set between layers, and the waiting time is preliminarily set for 50 s; the cladding mode of the top layer slice is as follows: carrying out linear filling cladding by adopting a welding wire A; the left side wall, the right side wall, the front side wall, the rear side wall and the top surface of the part prepared by the method are provided with outer wall layers which are 8-12 mm in thickness and formed by cladding welding wires A.
2. The method of bi-metallic arc additive manufacturing employing MIG/MAG as a heat source of claim 1 wherein: the width of the single-channel cladding layer on the outer wall is 8-12 mm.
3. The method of bi-metallic arc additive manufacturing employing MIG/MAG as a heat source of claim 1 wherein: the method adopts a parallel slice planning path mode for filling, the unit area of each layer of slices except the top layer is S, and S = X% welding wire A + (1-X%)% welding wire B.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910336296.7A CN110039155B (en) | 2019-04-24 | 2019-04-24 | Bimetal electric arc additive manufacturing method adopting MIG/MAG as heat source |
| PCT/CN2019/112727 WO2020215634A1 (en) | 2019-04-24 | 2019-10-23 | Bimetal electric arc additive manufacturing method with mig/mag as heat source |
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| CN201910336296.7A CN110039155B (en) | 2019-04-24 | 2019-04-24 | Bimetal electric arc additive manufacturing method adopting MIG/MAG as heat source |
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| CN110039155A CN110039155A (en) | 2019-07-23 |
| CN110039155B true CN110039155B (en) | 2021-04-27 |
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| CN110039155B (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2021-04-27 | 南京英尼格玛工业自动化技术有限公司 | Bimetal electric arc additive manufacturing method adopting MIG/MAG as heat source |
| CN110722249B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-02-26 | 南京英尼格玛工业自动化技术有限公司 | Method for manufacturing bimetal arc additive by adopting plasma heat source |
| CN111203609B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-10-19 | 南京衍构科技有限公司 | Bimetal electric arc additive manufacturing method |
| CN114065419B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2024-05-07 | 南京江联焊接技术有限公司 | Arc additive remanufacturing variable layer thickness slicing method for large complex component |
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| DE102016104276A1 (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2016-09-22 | GEFERTEC GmbH | Method and plant for additive manufacturing using a wire-shaped material |
| US11491705B2 (en) * | 2016-10-06 | 2022-11-08 | University Of Maryland, College Park | Metal fiber composite additive manufacturing (MFC-AM) and composite structures formed by MFC-AM |
| CN108067715B (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2021-04-16 | 南京理工大学 | Automatic additive manufacturing method and device for robot plasma arc double cold-filling wire |
| CN106392348A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-02-15 | 广东省智能制造研究所 | Additive manufacturing method and additive manufacturing device for aluminum alloy based on laser-double-MIG composite heat source |
| CN107931781B (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-11-29 | 西安航空学院 | Double metallic composite material electric arc increasing material manufacturing device and its manufacturing method |
| CN109623097A (en) * | 2018-12-23 | 2019-04-16 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of compound increasing material device of MIG-TIG |
| CN109623098A (en) * | 2018-12-23 | 2019-04-16 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of compound increasing material method of MIG-TIG |
| CN110039155B (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2021-04-27 | 南京英尼格玛工业自动化技术有限公司 | Bimetal electric arc additive manufacturing method adopting MIG/MAG as heat source |
| CN109986169B (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2020-11-10 | 南京英尼格玛工业自动化技术有限公司 | Metal-arc additive manufacturing method based on MIG/MAG heat source |
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| WO2020215634A1 (en) | 2020-10-29 |
| CN110039155A (en) | 2019-07-23 |
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