CN110036975A - A kind of calf colostrum feeding method - Google Patents
A kind of calf colostrum feeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110036975A CN110036975A CN201910387198.6A CN201910387198A CN110036975A CN 110036975 A CN110036975 A CN 110036975A CN 201910387198 A CN201910387198 A CN 201910387198A CN 110036975 A CN110036975 A CN 110036975A
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- 210000003022 colostrum Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 206
- 235000021277 colostrum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 205
- 244000309466 calf Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002627 tracheal intubation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000003165 abomasum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940027941 immunoglobulin g Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003304 gavage Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003862 health status Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 7
- 108060003951 Immunoglobulin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 101710120037 Toxin CcdB Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 102000018358 immunoglobulin Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 102000012214 Immunoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010036650 Immunoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000020256 human milk Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000004251 human milk Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010003402 Arthropod sting Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008141 laxative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002475 laxative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009928 pasteurization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005259 peripheral blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011886 peripheral blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of calf colostrum feeding methods, by taking out high-quality colostrum from reach in freezer after calf is born, gavage after quickly mild defrosting to calf；Cow milking is given later, detects just milk-quality, if quality is met the requirements, is carried out freezing or is freezed after bar killing.Calf colostrum feeding method of the present invention can obtain good colostrum always, and all calves can gavage immediately after birth, eliminate the influence of time and bacterium, and the health status of calf just can be improved in a short time, help to improve the survival rate of calf.Meanwhile calf also may make to obtain the daily gain increased, reduce the use of drug；The calving monthly age ahead of time is additionally aided, the output of milk is improved, prolongs the service life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of calf colostrum feeding methods, belong to cultural technique field.
Background technique
Calf colostrum is a kind of yellow secretion of the thick butyrous squeezed out for the first time after cow is given a birth, is not only contained
Nutriment abundant, but also enzyme, antibody, immune body containing there are many, the substance etc. with laxative effective.The calf being just born
Ox is zero to the resistance of extraneous various pathogenic microorganisms.Nascent calf should have enough colostrum ability within birth half an hour
Give full play to the important function of colostrum, scientific colostrum, which gavages, is to ensure that nascent calf after birth can be rapidly in very short time
Set up powerful passive immunity system.Otherwise it is in the gastrointestinal tract of calf in alkaline environment, the growth and breeding of beneficial bacterium
Activity will because of harmful mushroom inhibition and fall into a passive position, can not growth and breeding.
2005, an investigation of American scientist Si Difufeibo allowed Pei Bairan to receive inspiration.The investigation
It has been shown that, as soon as calf is more by the antibody that colostrum absorbs, when it grows up to milk cow, its output of milk is more.But ox with
There is very big difference between ox, the content of antibody has height to have low in colostrum, always there is very big difference.If calf directly from cow that
In obtain colostrum, then result is also arbitrarily to be distributed；For example, some lucky calves, can obtain the breast milk of high quality by chance,
Just have an opportunity to grow up healthy and sound；And those obtain the cow of worst quality breast milk, they will not play potential forever.Even if
There is available high-quality colostrum, but cannot directly be gavaged after calf birth, calf can be remarkably decreased the absorbability of antibody,
Because the bacterium in colostrum can also have a negative impact to the absorption of antibody.Therefore, the method improper restriction of colostrum feeding at present
The survival rate of calf, survival rate are typically not greater than 80%；Death and culling rate on the 60th is more than 7%.How to continue improve calf survival rate and
The problems such as reducing death and culling rate, be current urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in view of the deficienciess of the prior art, provide a kind of calf colostrum feeding method, specific technical solution
It is as follows:
A kind of calf colostrum feeding method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: the pretreatment of freezing colostrum
When calf birth, the high-quality freezing colostrum packed using colostrum bag, high-quality freezing colostrum warp are taken out from colostrum library
Heating water bath is crossed into suitable drink colostrum；
Step 2: colostrum is fed
Suitable drink colostrum is directly gavaged from colostrum bag using nipple or feeding intubation to the abomasum of calf；
Step 3: the production of high-quality colostrum
Colostrum is squeezed after cow calving in two hours, collected all colostrums filter out immune globulin by detection in advance
White G content is higher than the high-quality colostrum of 50mg/ml, is put into colostrum box by filling to 4 liters colostrum bags of high-quality colostrum, then by colostrum bag
After fixation, pasteurize is carried out, the taking-up of colostrum box is put into freezing chamber progress chilled storage and obtains high-quality freezing colostrum；
Step 4: the storage of high-quality colostrum
By high-quality freezing colostrum be put into colostrum library keep in cold storage it is spare.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the high-quality freezing colostrum is during heating water bath is at suitable drink colostrum,
The temperature of heating water bath is 40 ± 1 DEG C；Temperature difference when defrosting is ± 0.5 DEG C.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the high-quality freezing colostrum is in heating water bath at process 1 time of suitable drink colostrum
It completes.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the temperature of the suitable drink colostrum is no more than 41 DEG C.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the colostrum is sterilized by the way of bar killing, and it is 60 DEG C that described bar, which is killed temperature,
Bar kill the time is 60 minutes.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the colostrum inside colostrum bag is cooled to 4 DEG C in 30~50min, then again
It is cooled to -22 DEG C of progress chilled storages.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the storage temperature inside the colostrum library is -22 DEG C.
The invention has the advantages that:
Calf colostrum feeding method of the present invention can obtain good colostrum always, and all calves can go out
It is gavaged immediately after life, eliminates the influence of time and bacterium, the health status of calf just can be improved in a short time, help to improve
The survival rate of calf.Meanwhile calf also may make to obtain higher daily gain, reduce the use of drug；It additionally aids and produces ahead of time
The calf monthly age improves the output of milk, prolongs the service life.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is comparison of four kinds of different colostrum feeding methods in terms of time-consuming, Absorption of antibody；
Fig. 2 be colostrum pasteurize before and pasteurize after microorganism comparing result figure；
Fig. 3 is whether colostrum bar kills to calf serum Detection of immuno-protein comparing result figure；
Fig. 4 is the influence diagram under different storage conditions to colostrum quality.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
Embodiment 1
1), when calf is born, the high-quality freezing colostrum packed using colostrum bag, high-quality freezing colostrum are taken out from colostrum library
By heating water bath at suitable drink colostrum.Wherein, the high-quality freezing colostrum is during heating water bath is at suitable drink colostrum, water-bath
The temperature of heating is 41 DEG C；Temperature difference when defrosting is ± 0.5 DEG C.The high-quality freezing colostrum is in heating water bath at suitable drink colostrum
Process 1 time completion.The temperature of the suitable drink colostrum is no more than 39 DEG C.
2), suitable drink colostrum is directly gavaged from colostrum bag using nipple or feeding intubation to the abomasum of calf.
3) colostrum, is squeezed after cow calving in two hours, collected all colostrums filter out immune ball by detection in advance
Protein G content is higher than the high-quality colostrum of 50mg/ml, is put into colostrum box by filling to 4 liters colostrum bags of high-quality colostrum, then by colostrum bag
After middle fixation, pasteurize is carried out, the taking-up of colostrum box is put into freezing chamber progress chilled storage and obtains high-quality freezing colostrum；Its
In, the colostrum is sterilized by the way of bar killing, and it is 60 DEG C that described bar, which is killed temperature, and bar kiling the time is 60 minutes.It will be in colostrum bag
The colostrum in portion is cooled to 4 DEG C in 30min, is then cooled to -22 DEG C of progress chilled storages again.
4), by high-quality freezing colostrum be put into colostrum library keep in cold storage it is spare.Wherein, the storage inside the colostrum library
Temperature is -22 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
1), when calf is born, the high-quality freezing colostrum packed using colostrum bag, high-quality freezing colostrum are taken out from colostrum library
By heating water bath at suitable drink colostrum.Wherein, the high-quality freezing colostrum is during heating water bath is at suitable drink colostrum, water-bath
The temperature of heating is 40 DEG C；Temperature difference when defrosting is ± 0.5 DEG C.The high-quality freezing colostrum is in heating water bath at suitable drink colostrum
Process 1 time completion.The temperature of the suitable drink colostrum is no more than 41 DEG C.
2), suitable drink colostrum is directly gavaged from colostrum bag using nipple or feeding intubation to the abomasum of calf.
3) colostrum, is squeezed after cow calving in two hours, collected all colostrums filter out immune ball by detection in advance
Protein G content is higher than the high-quality colostrum of 50mg/ml, is put into colostrum box by filling to 4 liters colostrum bags of high-quality colostrum, then by colostrum bag
After middle fixation, pasteurize is carried out, the taking-up of colostrum box is put into freezing chamber progress chilled storage and obtains high-quality freezing colostrum；Its
In, the colostrum is sterilized by the way of bar killing, and it is 60 DEG C that described bar, which is killed temperature, and bar kiling the time is 60 minutes.It will be in colostrum bag
The colostrum in portion is cooled to 4 DEG C in 30min, is then cooled to -22 DEG C of progress chilled storages again.
4), by high-quality freezing colostrum be put into colostrum library keep in cold storage it is spare.Wherein, the storage inside the colostrum library
Temperature is -22 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
1), when calf is born, the high-quality freezing colostrum packed using colostrum bag, high-quality freezing colostrum are taken out from colostrum library
By heating water bath at suitable drink colostrum.Wherein, the high-quality freezing colostrum is during heating water bath is at suitable drink colostrum, water-bath
The temperature of heating is 42 DEG C；Temperature difference when defrosting is ± 0.5 DEG C.The high-quality freezing colostrum is in heating water bath at suitable drink colostrum
Process 1 time completion.The temperature of the suitable drink colostrum is no more than 41 DEG C.
2), suitable drink colostrum is directly gavaged from colostrum bag using nipple or feeding intubation to the abomasum of calf.
3) colostrum, is squeezed after cow calving in two hours, collected all colostrums filter out immune ball by detection in advance
Protein G content is higher than the high-quality colostrum of 50mg/ml, is put into colostrum box by filling to 4 liters colostrum bags of high-quality colostrum, then by colostrum bag
After middle fixation, pasteurize is carried out, the taking-up of colostrum box is put into freezing chamber progress chilled storage and obtains high-quality freezing colostrum；Its
In, the colostrum is sterilized by the way of bar killing, and it is 60 DEG C that described bar, which is killed temperature, and bar kiling the time is 60 minutes.It will be in colostrum bag
The colostrum in portion is cooled to 4 DEG C in 30min, is then cooled to -22 DEG C of progress chilled storages again.
4), by high-quality freezing colostrum be put into colostrum library keep in cold storage it is spare.Wherein, the storage inside the colostrum library
Temperature is -22 DEG C.
Embodiment 4
Calf is by after the method feeding in embodiment 2, survival rate reaches 98.12%；Death and culling rate was on 60th
2.3%；Calf diarrhea disease percentage on the 5th is 0.2%.
Qualified colostrum is taken out when calf colostrum feeding method of the present invention is directly from colostrum library, heating water bath, is gavaged；
Then carry out again squeeze colostrum, measurement, qualification into colostrum library save, for convenience of describe, be labeled as method A.
Existing calf beestings feeding method also there are three types of, such as method B be by mass metering of milking, cool down, feeding bottle raise
Hello；This method has 50% colostrum unqualified, with spare colostrum.
Method C is to squeeze after colostrum not direct feeding bottle feeding after measured or gavage, and the colostrum that this method obtains has 50% not conform to
Lattice.
Method D is that calf sucks colostrum naturally.
Difference of above-mentioned four kinds different colostrum feeding methods in terms of time-consuming, Absorption of antibody, as shown in Figure 1.
Above-mentioned four kinds different colostrum feeding methods are by have colostrum time, immunity transmission effect, limiting factor multi-faceted
Evaluate be applied effective evaluation most preferably method A, that is, calf colostrum feeding method of the present invention.
Premise based on all colostrums all by detecting in advance.Using colostrum bag+colostrum box system, only top quality 4
Rising colostrum can freeze.When calf birth, freezes colostrum and quickly leniently reach consumption temperature in unique water-bath, and
And it is directly gavaged from colostrum bag using nipple or feeding intubation.Always good colostrum, and all calves can be obtained
Ox can gavage immediately after birth, it means that eliminate the influence of time and bacterium.It means that in a short time
The health status for improving calf, obtains the daily gain increased, reduce the use of drug, for long-range: the calving monthly age ahead of time improves
The output of milk prolongs the service life.
So process of the invention are as follows: after calf birth-the quickly mild defrosting-of high-quality colostrum-is taken out from reach in freezer
Calf gavaged-to cow milking-detection, just if milk-quality-quality meet the requirements-would be freezed or is freezed after bar killing.
High-quality freezing colostrum thaws in 50 DEG C of water-bath, the nutrition of the survivable colostrum of the temperature.It is high-quality cold
Frozen colostrum should not thaw repeatedly, and thawing 1 time is advisable.
Embodiment 5
Of the present invention bar carried out to colostrum kill technique to handle, microorganism before colostrum pasteurize and after pasteurize
Comparing result is as shown in Figure 2.It is as shown in Figure 3 to calf serum Detection of immuno-protein comparing result whether colostrum bar kills.Pass through
The result of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are analyzed, sterilize i.e. pasteurize by the way of bar killing, it, will not by bar parameter killed of keeping under strict control
The content of immunoglobulin G (IgG) is reduced, while bacterium can be killed；Due to reducing the competition with bacterium, IgG enters blood
Ratio is very high.
In the above-described embodiments, Fig. 4 by analysis may be used by the influence under different storage conditions to colostrum quality
Know, in the present invention, is filled using splitting, carries out dedicated pasteurization, cryogenic freezing saves these and is all conducive to improve colostrum
Preservation quality.Wherein, in Fig. 4, the store method of colostrum of the present invention is seriously polluted during will be greatly reduced acquisition
Pathogenic bacteria (< 10 ten thousand bacteria/milliliters in colostrum；Several ten million is extremely several hundred million), it is greatly lowered during acquiring in seriously polluted colostrum
Escherichia coli, improve immunoglobulin absorptivity, improve Peripheral Blood immunoglobulin content.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of calf colostrum feeding method, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
Step 1: the pretreatment of freezing colostrum
When calf birth, the high-quality freezing colostrum packed using colostrum bag is taken out from colostrum library, high-quality freezing colostrum passes through water
Bath is heated into suitable drink colostrum；
Step 2: colostrum is fed
Suitable drink colostrum is directly gavaged from colostrum bag using nipple or feeding intubation to the abomasum of calf；
Step 3: the production of high-quality colostrum
Colostrum is squeezed after cow calving in two hours, collected all colostrums filter out immunoglobulin G and contain by detection in advance
Amount is higher than the high-quality colostrum of 50mg/ml, by filling to 4 liters colostrum bags of high-quality colostrum, then colostrum bag is put into colostrum box and is fixed
Afterwards, pasteurize is carried out, the taking-up of colostrum box is put into freezing chamber progress chilled storage and obtains high-quality freezing colostrum；
Step 4: the storage of high-quality colostrum
By high-quality freezing colostrum be put into colostrum library keep in cold storage it is spare.
2. a kind of calf colostrum feeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the high-quality freezing colostrum is in water
During bath is heated into suitable drink colostrum, the temperature of heating water bath is 41 ± 1 DEG C；Temperature difference when defrosting is ± 0.5 DEG C.
3. a kind of calf colostrum feeding method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the high-quality freezing colostrum is in water
Bath is heated into process 1 time completion of suitable drink colostrum.
4. a kind of calf colostrum feeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the temperature of the suitable drink colostrum is not
More than 41 DEG C.
5. a kind of calf colostrum feeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the colostrum uses bar side killed
Formula sterilization, it is 60 DEG C that described bar, which is killed temperature, and bar kiling the time is 60 minutes.
6. a kind of calf colostrum feeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the colostrum inside colostrum bag exists
30~50min is cooled to 4 DEG C, is then cooled to -22 DEG C of progress chilled storages again.
7. a kind of calf colostrum feeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the storage inside the colostrum library
Temperature is -22 DEG C.
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-
2019
- 2019-05-10 CN CN201910387198.6A patent/CN110036975A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1586235A (en) * | 2004-07-15 | 2005-03-02 | 中国农业大学 | Cow colostrum active immunological globulin thermal denaturation preserving agent |
| CN104255650A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2015-01-07 | 广西扬翔农牧有限责任公司 | Method for increasing survival rate of newly-born piglets |
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| CN106561539A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2017-04-19 | 中创云牧科技咨询(北京)股份有限公司 | Feeding method for calf |
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| CN106035647A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-10-26 | 宁夏利明畜牧科技有限公司 | Colostrum pasteurization machine |
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