CN110031344A - A kind of material shear fatigue performance test methods - Google Patents
A kind of material shear fatigue performance test methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN110031344A CN110031344A CN201810066810.5A CN201810066810A CN110031344A CN 110031344 A CN110031344 A CN 110031344A CN 201810066810 A CN201810066810 A CN 201810066810A CN 110031344 A CN110031344 A CN 110031344A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 146
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 152
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000883 Ti6Al4V Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0005—Repeated or cyclic
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0073—Fatigue
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0252—Monoaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along a single axis of the specimen
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0298—Manufacturing or preparing specimens
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
- G01N2203/0423—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils using screws
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of material shear fatigue performance test methods, using special shear fatigue device, the hardness of shear fatigue device material therefor is not less than 500HV；Shear fatigue device and sample are assembled first, so that upper activity shear blade (6), lower activity shear blade A (7) and lower activity shear blade B (8) fit closely with sample；Guarantee sample and shear fatigue device being integrally formed structure, so that being remained unchanged by the section that alternating shear power acts on；Finally the shear fatigue device for installing sample is fixed on fatigue tester, sets load and frequency, carries out shear fatigue experiment, it can be deduced that shear fatigue service life of the material under specified stress.The present invention breaks through the bottleneck of current material shear fatigue performance test methods, and device is simple, and easy to operate, at low cost, applied widely, technical effect is excellent；It can also expand to obtain more extension applications on this basis.The present invention has expected more huge economic value and social value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Technical Designs and applied technical field of material shear fatigue performance test, specifically provide
A kind of material shear fatigue performance test methods.
Background technique
In the prior art, in the engineer application field of material science especially metal frame, " shear fatigue " refers to component
By the shearing force of alternation effect and the fatigue damage that generates.In actual condition, bolt, solder joint, gear, rivet and link
Many components such as key all can be measured the shear fatigue performance of these components by the effect of the shearing force of alternation, can be to engineering reality
Border provides experimental basis.
It is very limited for the shear fatigue performance test methods of material in the test practice of the prior art, and related side
The applicable object of method is usually all more single, does not have universality；And also for the shear fatigue performance measurement of general material
There is no effective method.For common axial tension and it is compressed axially fatigue, screw thread or examination can be arranged in sample both ends
The machine of testing can directly clamp sample, so that sample and test mechanism at an overall structure, are convenient for applying alternating load in this way
When, common hollow travel stage is avoided the occurrence of to avoid the error of experiment.
But above-mentioned saying is only limited to theoretical presence substantially；Because sample is very for the measurement of the shear fatigue of material
Difficult and test mechanism is at an entirety.Critical issue is exactly that there are gaps between sample and testing machine or experimental provision, this must
So make under the action of alternating load, constantly have the appearance of idle stroke, the application of alternating load is caused not to be inconsistent with actual value,
This is also a bottleneck of material shear fatigue performance test.Due to there is gap between sample and testing machine or experimental rig,
In the loading procedure of alternating load, section by shearing force also can real-time change, and then it is very big must to deviate
Fatigue life.In the prior art, entitled " a kind of bolt shearing fatigue test clamper device ", Publication No. CN202582991U's
Chinese patent application file discloses a kind of available apparatus, in which: since sample itself is exactly bolt, can be fixed on threaded hole
Interior, so that tested sample and experimental rig form integral structure, this effectively avoids the presence in gap.But this dress
The sample that bolt arrangement is only applicable to there are significant limitations is set, moreover, because there are helicitic textures for bolt surface, it is inevitable
Notch is introduced, causes to will form stress concentration when stress, causes the early fracture of sample, therefore the sample of this screw thread can not
It is generalized to other more generalized operating conditions.
In Practical Project, a kind of simple and effective method is needed to measure the shear fatigue performance of material, but
It is that there is presently no feasible methods, therefore, a kind of highly desirable excellent material that is suitable for of technical effect that obtains of people is sheared
The test method of fatigue behaviour.
Summary of the invention
Test method that is excellent the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of technical effect and being suitable for material shear fatigue performance.
To can be well solved the defect of the prior art, it is able to achieve the shear fatigue performance for truly measuring material.
A kind of material shear fatigue performance test methods of the present invention, it is characterised in that: use special shear fatigue device
For material shear fatigue performance test；The hardness requirement of shear fatigue device material therefor is not less than 500HV；Namely handing over
During the shear-type load load of change, shear is rigid, without macroscopic view flexible deformation；
The overall structure of shear fatigue device is as follows: intermediate portion is big cylindrical structure, both ends be small column A10 and
Small column B11, small column A10 and small column B11 are the test machine clamping ends of fatigue device；Collectively form coaxial whole knot
Structure；Wherein: integrally-built shear fatigue device is divided into two parts again: upper to shear even 1, lower shearing even 2；Upper shearing is even 1, under cut
Both even 2 are cut to be center symmetrical structure and be combined into an integral arrangement in the form of centrosymmetric together；Between the two
Faying face be parallel to big cylindrical shaft to section；Sample cell 9 is arranged in big cylinder, and along the center position of short transverse, it is same
When also be normal to the axial direction of big cylinder and be one run through big body diameter through slot structure；
Activity shear blade 6, lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B8 are additionally provided in shear fatigue device；Sample
Product slot 9 and upper activity shear blade 6 collectively form the even movable cabin A12 of shearing, sample cell 9 and the common structure of lower activity shear blade A7
At the even movable cabin B13 of lower shearing, sample cell 9 and lower activity shear blade B8 collectively form the even movable cabin C14 of lower shearing, activity
Storehouse A12, movable cabin B13 and movable cabin C14 and sample cell 9 are arranged in parallel, and it also is normal to the great circle in shear fatigue device simultaneously
The axial direction of column structure；Upper activity shear blade 6, lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B8 cooperation are configured to act on
The shear surface of example cross section；
The detailed process of the material shear fatigue performance test methods is: first, in accordance with require assembly shear fatigue sample
Product: fit closely activity shear blade 6, lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B8 all with sample；It protects
Sample and shear fatigue device being integrally formed structure are demonstrate,proved, guarantees that fatigue tester there will not be null when applying alternating load
Journey, and will not be subjected to displacement perpendicular to loading direction, so that being remained unchanged by the section that alternating shear power acts on；It tested
Cheng Zhong, alternating load of the testing machine real-time effect on shear fatigue device are fully converted to shear fatigue device and act on sample
On alternating shear load；
Finally the shear fatigue device for installing sample is fixed on fatigue tester, sets corresponding load and frequency,
Carry out shear fatigue experiment.
Material shear fatigue performance test methods of the present invention, preferably claimed content is:
Upper shearing is even 1, be additionally provided in lower shearing even 2 with the axial parallel pore structure of small column A10 and small column B11,
Threaded connector is provided in hole；
It is provided with the pore structure with small column axis coaxle in upper shearing even 1, is provided with threaded connector in hole: bolt
A3；Setting is provided with threaded connector in hole: bolt B 4 there are two the pore structure parallel with roundlet mast axis in lower shearing even 2
With bolt C5；
Rotation adjustment bolt A3, bolt B 4 and bolt C5 enable to activity shear blade 6, lower activity shear blade A7 and under
Activity shear blade B8 is fitted closely with sample；Guarantee sample and shear fatigue device being integrally formed structure, guarantees fatigue examination
Idle stroke will not be had when applying alternating load by testing machine, and will not be subjected to displacement perpendicular to loading direction so that sample by
The section of alternating shear power effect remains unchanged.
The opposite face of 9 width of sample cell and the depth of parallelism of thickness opposite face are not more than 40 μm；
In the material shear fatigue performance test methods, when carrying out shear fatigue experiment, if shear fatigue device
Upper shearing even 1 it is fixed, lower shearing idol 2, which pumps, applies alternating shear load.In the mistake that lower shearing even 2 moves upwards
Cheng Zhong, sample stress are as shown in Figure 8；During lower shearing even 2 moves downward, sample stress is as shown in Figure 9.It is cut under if
It cuts even 2 to fix, upper shearing even 1, which pumps, applies alternating shear load, then the stress of sample is just opposite.Sample is any
Shear stress τ suffered by the section of receiving shearing force and the load F relationship that testing machine loads are as follows
1. w and b respectively represents the width and thickness of sample in formula, as shown in Figure 10.
In shear fatigue device used in the material shear fatigue performance test methods, using the method for wire cutting
Run through diametric sample cell 9, sample perpendicular to being provided with one at axis along the center of short transverse in big cylinder
Slot 9 is vertical with the axis of device, and the depth of parallelism of the opposite face of the opposite face and thickness of 9 width of sample cell is not more than 40 μm；So
It is even that cylinder is cut to by two shearings using the method for wire cutting afterwards；For upper shearing even 1, continue using wire cutting, original
Upward reaming on the basis of sample cell 9, the material cut out are provided with downwards as upper activity shear blade 6, the roundlet styletable of upper shearing even 1
Hole；The lower end of bolt A3 is contacted with upper activity shear blade 6；
For lower shearing even 2, continue with wire cutting, to reaming on the basis of original sample cell 9, the material conduct that cuts out
Lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B7.Then from the small column B11 and big cylinder joint face of lower shearing even 2
Between position up-hole (two positions), finally prepare bolt B 4 and bolt B 5, the upper end of bolt B 4 and bolt B 5 respectively with
Lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B8 contact；
It is finally polished two with sand paper and shears even contact surface, so that the roughness of lower even 2 contact surfaces of shearing of upper shearing even 1
No more than 10 μm；The shape of obtained shear fatigue device is as shown in attached drawing 1-7；
The width and thickness of sample cell 9 be it is adjustable, specifically can be according to actual product or component in embodiment
Size determines the size of sample, and then determines the size of sample cell (9).It can be in component for certain oversized components
The suitable sample of upper interception size.So this shear fatigue device can be used to measure the product of various sizes and cutting for component
Fatigue behaviour is cut, therefore, such shear fatigue test method scope of application is very wide.Shear fatigue sample is cuboid,
Shape and size are as shown in Figure 10.The width and thickness of shear fatigue sample is the sample cell 9 with shear fatigue device in Figure 10
Size match.
The preparation flow of sample and requirement are as follows: the loading direction of shear fatigue load are determined first, for of the invention
Cuboid sample, the loading direction of load is along thickness of sample direction；Then processing dimension is suitble to by the way of wire cutting
Blank material (there are certain machining allowance for blank material)；Finally polished one by one (last institute by coarse sandpaper and fine sandpaper
It is 2000# with sand paper) so that four sides of sample along its length do not have wire cutting trace, the roughness on surface is not more than
10 μm, the depth of parallelism of apparent surface is not more than 20 μm.
The material shear fatigue performance test methods meet following concrete operations requirements:
Upper activity shear blade 6 is fixed on to the upper end of the movable cabin A12 of upper shearing even 1 with seccotine first；It then, will be upper
Shearing even 1 cooperates with lower shearing even 2, activity shearing under being packed into the movable cabin B13 and movable cabin C14 of lower shearing even 2 respectively
Sword A7 and lower activity shear blade B8, the sample cell 9 of shearing even 1 and lower shearing even 2, sample is fitted into sample cell 9 in alignment；So
The position for adjusting lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B8 afterwards, so that lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B8
Circumference be bonded completely with the circumference of lower shearing even 2；Then, bolt B 4, bolt C5 and bolt A3 are successively tightened,
During tightening bolt B 4 and bolt C5, lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B8 and sample can be made close respectively
Fitting, during tightening bolt A3, the fastening force of bolt A3 can break through the cementation of seccotine, so that upper activity shearing
Sword 6 is fitted closely with sample, thus sample just with shear fatigue device being integrally formed structure so that fatigue tester is applying
There will not be idle stroke when alternating load, and will not be subjected to displacement perpendicular to loading direction, so that being made by alternating shear load
Section remains unchanged；
Finally the shear fatigue device for installing sample is fixed on fatigue tester, testing machine passes through clamping shear fatigue
The small column A10 and small column B11 at device both ends are fixed to achieve the effect that；Corresponding alternating shear load and frequency are set later
Rate is just able to carry out shear fatigue experiment.
In experimentation, alternating load of the testing machine real-time effect on shear fatigue device is fully converted to shear fatigue
Device acts on the alternating shear load on sample.
When carrying out shear fatigue experiment, if the upper shearing of shear fatigue device even 1 is fixed, lower shearing even about 2 is past
Multiple movement applies alternating shear load.During lower shearing even 2 moves upwards, sample stress is as shown in Figure 8；In lower shearing
During even 2 move downward, sample stress is as shown in Figure 9.If lower shearing even 2 is fixed, upper shearing even 1 pumps
Apply alternating shear load, then the stress of sample is just opposite.Sample arbitrarily bears shearing suffered by the section of shearing force and answers
Power τ and the load F relationship that testing machine loads are as follows:
1. w and b respectively represents the width and thickness of sample in formula, as shown in Figure 10.
The present invention devises a kind of strong operability, the excellent material shear fatigue performance test methods of technical effect.This
Invention breaches the limitation that forefathers measure material shear fatigue performance methodology, so that measurement material shear fatigue becomes simple
It is convenient.It is simple with method, easily operated, at low cost, and applicability is wide, the excellent outstanding feature of technical effect, basic herein
On can also expand to obtain and more extend application.The present invention has expected more huge economic value and social valence
Value.
Detailed description of the invention
With reference to the accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:
Fig. 1 is the circumference figure of shear fatigue device entirety；
Fig. 2 is the main view of shear fatigue device；
Fig. 3 is the left view of shear fatigue device；
Fig. 4 is the main view of the upper shearing idol of shear fatigue device；
Fig. 5 is the left view of the upper shearing idol of shear fatigue device；
Fig. 6 is the main view of the lower shearing idol of shear fatigue device；
Fig. 7 is the left view of the lower shearing idol of shear fatigue device；
Fig. 8 is that upper shearing is occasionally fixed, sample stress diagram during lower shearing occasionally moves upwards；
Fig. 9 is that upper shearing is occasionally fixed, sample stress diagram during lower shearing occasionally moves downward
Figure 10 is the shape and size figure of shear fatigue sample；
Figure 11 is Ti-6Al-4V alloy fasteners shear fatigue fracture apperance.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of material shear fatigue performance test methods are used for material shear fatigue using special shear fatigue device
Performance test；The hardness requirement of shear fatigue device material therefor is not less than 500HV；Namely loaded in the shear-type load of alternation
During, shear is rigid, without macroscopic view flexible deformation；
The overall structure of shear fatigue device is as follows: intermediate portion is big cylindrical structure, both ends be small column A10 and
Small column B11, small column A10 and small column B11 are the test machine clamping ends of shear fatigue device；Collectively form coaxial entirety
Structure；Wherein: integrally-built shear fatigue device is divided into two parts again: upper to shear even 1, lower shearing even 2；Upper shearing is even 1, under
Both shearings even 2 are center symmetrical structure and are combined into an integral arrangement in the form of centrosymmetric together；Therebetween
Faying face be parallel to big cylindrical shaft to section；Sample cell 9 be arranged in big cylinder along short transverse center position its
It also is normal to the axial direction of big cylinder simultaneously and is the through slot structure for running through big body diameter；
Activity shear blade 6, lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B8 are additionally provided in shear fatigue device；Sample
Product slot 9 and upper activity shear blade 6 collectively form the even movable cabin A12 of shearing, sample cell 9 and the common structure of lower activity shear blade A7
At the even movable cabin B13 of lower shearing, sample cell 9 and lower activity shear blade B8 collectively form the even movable cabin C14 of lower shearing.Activity
Storehouse A12, movable cabin B13 and movable cabin C14 and sample cell 9 are arranged in parallel, and it also is normal to the great circle in shear fatigue device simultaneously
The axial direction of column structure；Upper activity shear blade 6, lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B8 cooperation are configured to act on
The shear surface of example cross section；
The detailed process of the material shear fatigue performance test methods is: first, in accordance with require assembly shear fatigue sample
Product: fit closely activity shear blade 6, lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B8 all with sample；It protects
Sample and shear fatigue device being integrally formed structure are demonstrate,proved, guarantees that fatigue tester there will not be null when applying alternating load
Journey, and will not be subjected to displacement perpendicular to loading direction, so that being remained unchanged by the section that alternating shear power acts on；It tested
Cheng Zhong, alternating load of the testing machine real-time effect on shear fatigue device are fully converted to shear fatigue device and act on sample
On alternating shear load；
Finally the shear fatigue device for installing sample is fixed on fatigue tester, sets corresponding load and frequency,
Carry out shear fatigue experiment.
Upper shearing is even 1, be additionally provided in lower shearing even 2 with the axial parallel pore structure of small column A10 and small column B11,
Threaded connector is provided in hole；
It is provided with the pore structure with small column axis coaxle in upper shearing even 1, is provided with threaded connector in hole: bolt
A3；Setting is provided with threaded connector in hole: bolt B 4 there are two the pore structure parallel with roundlet mast axis in lower shearing even 2
With bolt C5；
Rotation adjustment bolt A3, bolt B 4 and bolt C5 enable to activity shear blade 6, lower activity shear blade A7 and under
Activity shear blade B8 is fitted closely with sample；Guarantee sample and shear fatigue device being integrally formed structure, guarantees fatigue examination
Idle stroke will not be had when applying alternating load by testing machine, and will not be subjected to displacement perpendicular to loading direction so that sample by
The section of alternating shear power effect remains unchanged.
The opposite face of 9 width of sample cell and the depth of parallelism of thickness opposite face are not more than 40 μm；
In the material shear fatigue performance test methods, when carrying out shear fatigue experiment, if shear fatigue device
Upper shearing even 1 it is fixed, lower shearing idol 2, which pumps, applies alternating shear load.In the mistake that lower shearing even 2 moves upwards
Cheng Zhong, sample stress are as shown in Figure 8；During lower shearing even 2 moves downward, sample stress is as shown in Figure 9.It is cut under if
It cuts even 2 to fix, upper shearing even 1, which pumps, applies alternating shear load, then the stress of sample is just opposite.Sample is any
Shear stress τ suffered by the section of receiving shearing force and the load F relationship that testing machine loads are as follows
2. w and b respectively represents the width and thickness of sample in formula, as shown in Figure 10.
In shear fatigue device used in the material shear fatigue performance test methods, using the method for wire cutting
Run through diametric sample cell 9, sample perpendicular to being provided with one at axis along the center of short transverse in big cylinder
Slot 9 is vertical with the axis of device, and the depth of parallelism of the opposite face of the opposite face and thickness of 9 width of sample cell is not more than 40 μm；So
It is even that cylinder is cut to by two shearings using the method for wire cutting afterwards；For upper shearing even 1, continue using wire cutting, original
Upward reaming on the basis of sample cell 9, the material cut out are provided with downwards as upper activity shear blade 6, the roundlet styletable of upper shearing even 1
Hole；The lower end of bolt A3 is contacted with upper activity shear blade 6；
For lower shearing even 2, continue with wire cutting, to reaming on the basis of original sample cell 9, the material conduct that cuts out
Lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B7.Then from the small column B11 and big cylinder joint face of lower shearing even 2
Between position up-hole (two positions), finally prepare bolt B 4 and bolt B 5, the upper end of bolt B 4 and bolt B 5 respectively with
Lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B7 contact；
It is finally polished the even contact surfaces of two shearings with sand paper, so that even 2 contact surfaces of upper shearing even 1 and lower shearing is coarse
Degree is not more than 10 μm；The shape and size of obtained shear fatigue device are as shown in attached drawing 1-7.
The width and thickness of sample cell 9 be it is adjustable, specifically can be according to actual product or component in embodiment
Size determines the size of sample, and then determines the size of sample cell (9).It can be in component for certain oversized components
The suitable sample of upper interception size.So this shear fatigue device can be used to measure the product of various sizes and cutting for component
Fatigue behaviour is cut, therefore, such shear fatigue test method scope of application is very wide.Shear fatigue sample is cuboid,
Shape and size are as shown in Figure 10.The width and thickness of shear fatigue sample is the sample cell 9 with shear fatigue device in Figure 10
Size match.
The preparation flow of sample and requirement are as follows: the loading direction of shear fatigue load are determined first, for of the invention
Cuboid sample, the loading direction of load is along thickness of sample direction；Then processing dimension is suitble to by the way of wire cutting
Blank material (there are certain machining allowance for blank material)；Finally polished one by one (last institute by coarse sandpaper and fine sandpaper
It is 2000# with sand paper) so that four sides of sample along its length do not have wire cutting trace, the roughness on surface is not more than
10 μm, the depth of parallelism of apparent surface is not more than 20 μm.
The material shear fatigue performance test methods meet following concrete operations requirements:
Upper activity shear blade 6 is fixed on to the upper end of the movable cabin A12 of upper shearing even 1 with seccotine first；It then, will be upper
Shearing even 1 cooperates with lower shearing even 2, activity shearing under being packed into the movable cabin B13 and movable cabin C14 of lower shearing even 2 respectively
Sword A7 and lower activity shear blade B8, the sample cell 9 of shearing even 1 and lower shearing even 2, sample is fitted into sample cell 9 in alignment；So
The position for adjusting lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B8 afterwards, so that lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B8
Circumference be bonded completely with the circumference of lower shearing even 2；Then, bolt B 4, bolt C5 and bolt A3 are successively tightened,
During tightening bolt B 4 and bolt C5, lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B8 and sample can be made close respectively
Fitting, during tightening bolt A3, the fastening force of bolt A3 can break through the cementation of seccotine, so that upper activity shearing
Sword 6 is fitted closely with sample, thus sample just with shear fatigue device being integrally formed structure so that fatigue tester is applying
There will not be idle stroke when alternating load, and will not be subjected to displacement perpendicular to loading direction, so that being made by alternating shear load
Section remains unchanged；
Finally the shear fatigue device for installing sample is fixed on fatigue tester, testing machine passes through clamping shear fatigue
The small column A10 and small column B11 at device both ends are fixed to achieve the effect that；Corresponding alternating shear load and frequency are set later
Rate is just able to carry out shear fatigue experiment.
In experimentation, alternating load of the testing machine real-time effect on shear fatigue device is fully converted to shear fatigue
Device acts on the alternating shear load on sample.
When carrying out shear fatigue experiment, if the upper shearing of shear fatigue device even 1 is fixed, lower shearing even about 2 is past
Multiple movement applies alternating shear load.During lower shearing even 2 moves upwards, sample stress is as shown in Figure 8；In lower shearing
During even 2 move downward, sample stress is as shown in Figure 9.If lower shearing even 2 is fixed, upper shearing even 1 pumps
Apply alternating shear load, then the stress of sample is just opposite.Sample arbitrarily bears shearing suffered by the section of shearing force and answers
Power τ and the load F relationship that testing machine loads are as follows:
1. w and b respectively represents the width and thickness of sample in formula, as shown in Figure 10.
The present embodiment is related to a kind of strong operability, the excellent material shear fatigue performance test methods of technical effect.This
Embodiment breaches the limitation that forefathers measure material shear fatigue performance methodology, so that measurement material shear fatigue becomes letter
Folk prescription is just.It is simple with method, easily operated, at low cost, and applicability is wide, the excellent outstanding feature of technical effect, in this base
It can also expand to obtain more extension applications on plinth.The present embodiment has expected more huge economic value and society
Value.
Embodiment 2
Shear fatigue device, such as Fig. 1-7, which includes the upper shearing even 1 and lower shearing being mounted on fatigue tester
Even 2, shearing is occasionally that the revolving body by shape for cylinder broad in the middle and both ends small column cuts to obtain up and down.Upper shearing even 1 includes
Small column A10, fixing bolt A3, upper activity shear blade 6, the structures such as movable cabin A12 and sample cell 9；Lower shearing even 2 includes roundlet
Column B11, fixing bolt B4 and bolt C5, lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B8, movable cabin B13, movable cabin C14 and
The structures such as sample cell 9.The even movable cabin of shearing and sample cell are to form a complete set of up and down.Pass through fastening bolt A3, bolt B 4 and spiral shell
Activity shear blade can be securely seated between on sample by bolt C5, eliminate the gap between sample and shear fatigue device.
Shear fatigue sample, such as Figure 10, sample are cuboid.It is required that the roughness of sample surfaces is not more than 10 μm, phase
20 μm are not more than to the depth of parallelism on surface.
The detailed process of the material shear fatigue performance test methods is: upper activity shear blade 6 being used seccotine first
It is fixed on the upper end of the movable cabin A12 of shearing even 1；Then, upper shearing even 1 and lower shearing even 2 are cooperated, respectively in lower shearing
Lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B8 is packed into even 2 movable cabin B13 and movable cabin C14, in alignment shearing even 1 with
The sample cell 9 of lower shearing even 2, sample is fitted into sample cell 9；Then lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B8 is adjusted
Position so that the circumference of lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B8 and the circumference of lower shearing even 2 are complete
Fitting；Then, bolt B 4, bolt C5 and bolt A3 are successively tightened, during tightening bolt B 4 and bolt C5, can be made respectively
Activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B8 must be descended to fit closely with sample, during tightening bolt A3, bolt A3's
Fastening force can break through the cementation of seccotine so that upper activity shear blade 6 is fitted closely with sample, thus sample just with shearing
Fatigue device being integrally formed structure, so that fatigue tester will not have idle stroke when applying alternating load, and perpendicular to
Loading direction will not be subjected to displacement, so that being remained unchanged by the section that alternating shear load acts on；
Finally the shear fatigue device for installing sample is fixed on fatigue tester, testing machine passes through clamping shear fatigue
The small column A10 and small column B11 at device both ends are fixed to achieve the effect that；Corresponding alternating shear load and frequency are set later
Rate is just able to carry out shear fatigue experiment.
In experimentation, alternating load of the testing machine real-time effect on shear fatigue device is fully converted to shear fatigue
Device acts on the alternating shear load on sample.
When carrying out shear fatigue experiment, if the upper shearing of shear fatigue device even 1 is fixed, lower shearing even about 2 is past
Multiple movement applies alternating shear load.During lower shearing even 2 moves upwards, sample stress is as shown in Figure 8；In lower shearing
During even 2 move downward, sample stress is as shown in Figure 9.If lower shearing even 2 is fixed, upper shearing even 1 pumps
Apply alternating shear load, then the stress of sample is just opposite.Sample arbitrarily bears shearing suffered by the section of shearing force and answers
Power τ and the load F relationship that testing machine loads are as follows:
1. w and b respectively represents the width and thickness of sample in formula, as shown in Figure 10.
When sample fracture, the shear fatigue service life under this stress and frequency can be obtained.
Embodiment 3
Ti-6Al-4V alloy is a kind of biphase titanium alloy, with its high specific strength, excellent corrosion resistance and excellent combination
Mechanical property is widely used in the fields such as aerospace, ship.The fastener of Ti-6Al-4V alloy can be by under actual condition
To the shearing force of alternation, failure mode is usually shear fatigue failure.Therefore, Ti-6Al-4V alloy fasteners are measured
Shear fatigue performance for its practical application have important engineering significance.
Select H11 steel as material (hardness 620HV) used in shear fatigue device, it is tired according to Fig. 1-7 processing shearing
Labor device, size selection are as follows: the width of sample cell is 8mm, with a thickness of 2mm.For Ti-6Al-4V alloy fasteners, according to
Figure 10 processes shear fatigue sample.The length l=20mm of sample, width w=7mm, thickness b=1.8mm, the roughness on surface is not
Greater than 10 μm, the depth of parallelism of apparent surface is not more than 20 μm.
Upper activity shear blade 6 is fixed on to the upper end of the movable cabin A12 of upper shearing even 1 with seccotine first；It then, will be upper
Shearing even 1 cooperates with lower shearing even 2, activity shearing under being packed into the movable cabin B13 and movable cabin C14 of lower shearing even 2 respectively
Sword A7 and lower activity shear blade B8, the sample cell 9 of shearing even 1 and lower shearing even 2, sample is fitted into sample cell 9 in alignment；So
The position for adjusting lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B8 afterwards, so that lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B8
Circumference be bonded completely with the circumference of lower shearing even 2；Then, bolt B 4, bolt C5 and bolt A3 are successively tightened,
During tightening bolt B 4 and bolt C5, lower activity shear blade A7 and lower activity shear blade B8 and sample can be made close respectively
Fitting, during tightening bolt A3, the fastening force of bolt A3 can break through the cementation of seccotine, so that upper activity shearing
Sword 6 is fitted closely with sample, thus sample just with shear fatigue device being integrally formed structure so that fatigue tester is applying
There will not be idle stroke when alternating shear load, and will not be subjected to displacement perpendicular to loading direction, so that by alternating shear power
The section of effect remains unchanged.The shear fatigue device for installing sample is finally fixed on MTS Landmark electro-hydraulic servo testing
On machine, corresponding alternating shear loading spectrum and frequency are set, carries out shear fatigue experiment.
When carrying out shear fatigue experiment, alternating load of the testing machine real-time effect on shear fatigue device converts completely
The alternating shear load on sample is acted on for shear fatigue device.Here the upper shearing of shear fatigue device even 1 is fixed, under cut
Even 2 are cut to pump to apply alternating shear load.During lower shearing even 2 moves upwards, sample stress such as Fig. 8
It is shown；During lower shearing even 2 moves downward, sample stress is as shown in Figure 9.Sample arbitrarily bears the section institute of shearing force
The shear stress τ being subject to and the load F relationship that testing machine loads are as follows:
1. w and b respectively represents the width and thickness of sample in formula, as shown in Figure 10.
Work as sample broke, it can be deduced that the shear fatigue longevity of Ti-6Al-4V alloy fasteners under corresponding alternation shear-type load
Life repeats same method, inputs different alternating shear load, the shearing that can measure Ti-6Al-4V alloy fasteners is answered
Power-Fatigue Life Curve (S-N curve), this curve is practical for engineering to have huge theoretical and experimental basis.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of material shear fatigue performance test methods, it is characterised in that: be used for material using special shear fatigue device
Shear fatigue performance test；The hardness requirement of shear fatigue device material therefor is not less than 500HV；
The overall structure of shear fatigue device is as follows: intermediate portion is big cylindrical structure, and both ends are small column A (10) and small
Cylinder B (11), small column A (10) and small column B (11) are the test machine clamping ends of shear fatigue device；It collectively forms coaxial
Overall structure；Wherein: integrally-built shear fatigue device is divided into two parts again: upper to shear even (1), lower shearing occasionally (2)；On cut
Both idol (1), lower shearing even (2) is cut to be center symmetrical structure and be combined into an integral arrangement in the form of centrosymmetric one
Rise, sample cell (9) be arranged in the center position of big cylinder in the axial direction itself and meanwhile also be normal to the axial direction of big cylinder and be
One runs through the through slot structure of big body diameter；
Activity shear blade (6), lower activity shear blade A (7) and lower activity shear blade B (8) are additionally provided in shear fatigue device；
Sample cell (9) and upper activity shear blade (6) collectively form the even movable cabin A (12) of shearing, and sample cell (9) and lower activity are sheared
Sword A (7) collectively forms the even movable cabin B (13) of lower shearing, and sample cell (9) and lower activity shear blade B (8) collectively form lower shearing
Even movable cabin C (14), movable cabin A (12), movable cabin B (13) and movable cabin C (14) and sample cell (9) is arranged in parallel it simultaneously
It also is normal to the axial direction of the big cylindrical structure in shear fatigue device；Upper activity shear blade (6), lower activity shear blade A (7) and
Lower activity shear blade B (8) cooperation is configured to act on the shear surface of example cross section；
The detailed process of the material shear fatigue performance test methods is: first, in accordance with the sample for requiring assembly shear fatigue:
Fit closely activity shear blade (6), lower activity shear blade A (7) and lower activity shear blade B (8) all with sample；
Guarantee sample and shear fatigue device being integrally formed structure, guarantees that fatigue tester there will not be null when applying alternating download
Journey, and will not be subjected to displacement perpendicular to loading direction, so that being remained unchanged by the section that alternating shear power acts on；It tested
Cheng Zhong, alternating load of the fatigue tester real-time effect on shear fatigue device are fully converted to shear fatigue device and act on
Alternating shear load on sample；
Finally the shear fatigue device for installing sample is fixed on axial push-pull fatigue test machine, sets corresponding load and frequency
Rate carries out shear fatigue experiment.
2. according to material shear fatigue performance test methods described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Upper shearing even (1), lower shear are additionally provided with and the axial parallel hole knot of small column A (10) and small column B (11) on even (2)
Structure is provided with threaded connector in hole；
It is upper to shear the pore structure being provided on even (1) with small column axis coaxle, threaded connector is provided in hole: bolt A
(3)；Setting is provided with threaded connector in hole: bolt there are two the pore structure parallel with roundlet mast axis in lower shearing even (2)
B (4) and bolt C (5)；
Rotation adjustment bolt A (3), bolt B (4) and bolt C (5) enable to activity shear blade (6), lower activity shear blade A
(7) it is fitted closely with sample with lower activity shear blade B (8)；Guarantee sample and shear fatigue device being integrally formed structure, protects
Card fatigue tester will not have idle stroke when applying alternating download, and will not be subjected to displacement perpendicular to loading direction, so that by
The section acted on to alternating shear power remains unchanged.
3. according to material shear fatigue performance test methods as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:
The opposite face of sample cell (9) width and the depth of parallelism of thickness opposite face are not more than 40 μm；
In the material shear fatigue performance test methods, when carrying out shear fatigue experiment, if shear fatigue device is upper
It shears even (1) to fix, lower shearing even (2), which pumps, applies alternating shear load；Sample arbitrarily bears cutting for shearing force
Shear stress τ suffered by face and the load F relationship that testing machine loads are as follows:
1. w and b respectively represents the width and thickness of sample in formula.
4. according to material shear fatigue performance test methods described in claim 3, it is characterised in that: the material shear fatigue
Shear fatigue device used in energy test method, using the method for wire cutting in big cylinder along the center of short transverse
Perpendicular to being provided with one at axis through diametric sample cell (9), sample cell (9) is vertical with the axis of device, and sample
The depth of parallelism of the opposite face of the opposite face and thickness of product slot (9) width is not more than 40 μm；Then will be justified using the method for wire cutting
It is even that column is cut to two shearings；It is even (1) for upper shearing, continue to expand upwards on the basis of original sample cell (9) using wire cutting
Hole, the material cut out are provided with downward hole as upper activity shear blade (6), the upper roundlet styletable for shearing even (1)；Bolt A's (3)
Lower end is contacted with upper activity shear blade (6)；
It is even (2) for lower shearing, continue with wire cutting, to reaming on the basis of original sample cell (9), the material conduct that cuts out
Lower activity shear blade A (7) and lower activity shear blade B (8)；Then connect from the lower small column B (11) for shearing even (2) and big cylinder
The middle position up-hole (two positions) of junction, finally prepares bolt B (4) and bolt B (5), bolt B (4) and bolt B
(5) upper end is contacted with lower activity shear blade A (7) and lower activity shear blade B (8) respectively；
It is finally polished the even contact surfaces of two shearings with sand paper, so that upper shear the coarse of even (2) contact surface of even (1) and lower shearing
Degree is not more than 10 μm；
The width and thickness of sample cell (9) be it is adjustable, for certain oversized components can on component interception size
Suitable sample；
It the preparation flow of sample and requires as follows: the loading direction of shear fatigue load determining first, for cuboid sample,
The loading direction of load is along thickness of sample direction；Then the machining blanks material by the way of wire cutting；Finally pass through coarse sandpaper
It polishes one by one with fine sandpaper, last sand paper used is 2000#, so that four sides of sample along its length do not have line to cut
Score mark, the roughness on surface are not more than 10 μm, and the depth of parallelism of apparent surface is not more than 20 μm.
5. according to material shear fatigue performance test methods described in claim 4, it is characterised in that: the material shear fatigue
Energy test method meets following concrete operations requirements:
Upper activity shear blade (6) is fixed on to the upper end of the upper movable cabin A (12) for shearing even (1) with seccotine first；Then, will
Upper shearing even (1) and lower shearing even (2) cooperate, respectively the dress in the lower movable cabin B (13) and movable cabin C (14) for shearing even (2)
Enter lower activity shear blade A (7) and lower activity shear blade B (8), even (1) and the lower sample cell (9) for shearing even (2) sheared in alignment,
Sample is fitted into sample cell (9)；Then the position of lower activity shear blade A (7) and lower activity shear blade B (8) are adjusted, so that under
Activity shear blade A (7) and the circumference of lower activity shear blade B (8) are bonded completely with the lower circumference for shearing even (2)；So
Afterwards, bolt B (4), bolt C (5) and bolt A (3) are successively tightened, during tightening bolt B (4) and (5) bolt C, can be made
Activity shear blade A (7) and lower activity shear blade B (8) must be descended to fit closely with sample, during tightening (3) bolt A, spiral shell
The fastening force of bolt A (3) can break through the cementation of seccotine, so that upper activity shear blade (6) is fitted closely with sample, thus sample
Product just with shear fatigue device being integrally formed structure so that fatigue tester will not have idle stroke when applying alternating load,
And sample will not be subjected to displacement perpendicular to loading direction, so that being remained unchanged by the section that alternating shear load acts on；
Finally the shear fatigue device for installing sample is fixed on fatigue tester, testing machine passes through clamping shearing fatigue device
The small column A (10) and small column B (11) at both ends are fixed to achieve the effect that；Corresponding alternating shear load and frequency are set later
Rate is just able to carry out shear fatigue experiment；
In experimentation, alternating load of the testing machine real-time effect on shear fatigue device is fully converted to shear fatigue device
Act on the alternating shear load on sample.
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